Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root primarily relates to intense struggle, jostling, and forceful engagement, particularly in the context of combat. It describes a state of being deeply involved in a difficult or confrontational situation.

This root appears to relate to concepts of land, particularly uncultivated or desolate land, and also refers to an ancient, extinct tribe.

This root primarily concerns the concept of sound, particularly subtle or hidden sounds. It extends to the sounds made by animals, objects like jewelry, and even the sounds associated with animal herding and speech. It also touches upon the idea of experiencing or testing things.

This root entry primarily discusses a variant spelling for 'gnats' or 'small flies'. It also mentions a proper name derived from this root.

This root appears to describe something large, thick, and strong. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote physical bulk and intensity.

This root primarily concerns the act of touching, feeling, or probing, often with the hand, to ascertain something. It extends to seeking out information, spying, and even the senses themselves.

This root primarily describes someone who is short, stocky, and unattractive. It also extends to the meaning of excrement, particularly in a later, non-classical usage.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being overfull, bloated, or excessively stuffed, often to the point of discomfort or indigestion. It can also extend to a sense of coarseness or roughness.

This root primarily concerns the act of sitting, resting, or remaining in a place. It extends to concepts of being seated, a place for sitting, and by extension, to qualities of being sturdy, substantial, or unmoving, and even to geographical locations.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being solid, firm, or congealed, often applied to liquids or semi-solid substances. It also encompasses the noun for a buffalo, which is a loanword.

This root primarily concerns the concept of kind, sort, or genus. It extends to ideas of similarity, classification, and categorization, encompassing both broad categories and specific types within them.

This root primarily concerns the act of searching, exploring, or penetrating deeply into something. It can refer to physically traversing an area to find something or metaphorically seeking information. It also has a specific meaning related to nocturnal flooding.

This root primarily concerns the concept of confinement, detention, or holding back. It extends to the act of stopping or preventing movement, and also to dedicating or setting aside something for a specific purpose, particularly for religious or charitable causes.

This root primarily concerns the act of guessing, inferring, or estimating, often with a degree of uncertainty. It extends to actions like striking, throwing, trampling, and even causing someone to fall. It also encompasses the concept of intense darkness.

This root appears to describe slowness, heaviness, and a lack of agility, particularly in the context of animals like camels.

The root حرس (ḥrs) primarily relates to guarding, protecting, and watching over something. It extends to concepts of caution, vigilance, and even theft, particularly of livestock at night. It also has a less common meaning related to time or duration.

The root حسس (ḥss) primarily relates to sensing, perceiving, and feeling, often in a subtle or hidden way. It extends to concepts of pain, suffering, and even destruction, as well as physical sensations like cold or touch. The root also encompasses notions of investigation, discovery, and understanding.

This root describes physical characteristics, specifically shortness and stoutness in a person. It is used to denote a short, thick-set individual.

The root حلس (ḥ-l-s) primarily relates to covering, padding, or adhering closely to something. It extends to concepts of staying put, persistent rain, and dense vegetation, as well as specific items like saddle pads and gambling lottery arrows. Figuratively, it can denote a steadfast person or a greedy one.

This root appears to describe someone or something that is brave, courageous, or steadfast. It can also refer to someone who is persistently attached to something, never leaving it.

This root primarily relates to hardness, firmness, and intensity. It extends to concepts of steadfastness in religion and combat, as well as harshness in land and time.

This root appears to describe intensity and strength, particularly in relation to animals like lions and potentially humans. It also has a specific application to a woman's name.

The root ح-و-س primarily relates to the concept of penetrating, traversing, or moving through something, often with a sense of boldness, searching, or causing disturbance. It can describe physical movement through an area, or metaphorical movement through difficulties or emotions.

This root primarily concerns the concept of mixing or blending, particularly food items. It extends to the idea of being surrounded or encompassed, and also relates to gathering or congregating.

This root primarily concerns the act of taking, seizing, or acquiring something, often through force or as spoils of war. It extends to descriptions of individuals or animals characterized by their aggressive or acquisitive nature.

This root appears to relate to concepts of ugliness, darkness, and steadfastness. It is used to describe unpleasant appearances, intense darkness, and a strong, unyielding nature.

This root primarily relates to things that are old, aged, or ancient. It is most notably used to describe aged wine, but can also be applied to other aged items like grain.

This root primarily relates to silence, muteness, and things that are quiet or lack sound. It also extends to specific types of food associated with childbirth and, metaphorically, to things that are scarce or insignificant.

This root primarily concerns concepts of baseness, meanness, and lowliness, often applied to character or actions. It also extends to describe a specific type of plant (lettuce) and terms related to animal age.

This root primarily relates to speaking offensively or obscenely, and also to intoxication. It is also associated with a type of insect, the beetle.

The root خلس (kh-l-s) primarily relates to the concept of stealth, snatching, or taking something quickly and secretly. It extends to descriptions of things that are mixed or mingled, particularly in appearance, and also describes plants and people with mixed characteristics.

This root appears to relate to concepts of deception, trickery, and perhaps something that is subtle or fleeting. It also touches upon the idea of being scattered or dispersed.

This root primarily concerns the number five and its derivatives. It extends to concepts related to division into five parts, being the fifth in a sequence, and quantities of five. It also encompasses specific applications like camel grazing patterns, military formations, and types of garments.

The root خنس (kh-n-s) primarily relates to the concept of receding, delaying, or being set back. This extends to physical attributes like a receding nose, and abstract concepts like the retreating of stars or the hiding of Satan.

This root primarily relates to concepts of entanglement, obstruction, and decay, extending to betrayal and confinement. It describes dense, intertwined vegetation, a place of lions, and the process of something becoming spoiled or rotten. It also encompasses the idea of breaking a promise and the state of being humiliated or imprisoned.

This root primarily relates to dark, viscous liquids, particularly date syrup. It also extends to describe dark or reddish-black colors in animals and the initial dark appearance of vegetation on land.

This root primarily relates to concepts of corruption, interference, and insertion. It extends to actions like digging into something, a specific method of skinning, and also names for a creature and a famous horse.

This root appears to describe a state of being stout, plump, or well-fed, often associated with a robust physical build. It may also relate to a dark or dusky complexion.

This root primarily describes swellings, particularly on animals, and also relates to concepts of abundance, density, and a specific marine creature.

This root primarily relates to the concept of wearing down, becoming old or worn, and also to the act of studying or learning. It extends to meanings of fading, becoming obscure, and even physical actions like treading or menstruation.

This root appears to relate to concepts of intensity, severity, and perhaps a strong, forceful action or quality. It is primarily used to describe something as severe or intense.

This root appears to describe something that is cunning, old, or advanced. It also relates to a specific type of bead and a verb meaning to advance or step forward.

This root appears to describe something large, bulky, or imposing, particularly in relation to camels. It conveys a sense of significant size and possibly a heavy build.

This root appears to describe a specific anatomical feature, namely a large structure that separates the head from the neck.

This root primarily concerns the act of concealing, hiding, or secretly introducing something. It extends to related concepts like stealthy movement, hidden plots, and even specific objects or actions associated with concealment.

This root primarily relates to the concept of leaving a trace or impression, often through repeated action or pressure. It extends to meanings of forceful impact, filling or stuffing, and a place prepared for cooking.

This root appears to be related to a specific game or pastime, possibly of foreign origin, and its associated actions or descriptions.

This root appears to describe foolishness and stupidity, particularly in women. It is used to denote someone who is foolish or an idiot, with specific forms highlighting this characteristic.

This root primarily relates to states of drowsiness, overwhelming sleepiness, and the feeling of being overcome by slumber. It also extends to meanings associated with omens and a large quantity.

This root primarily concerns deception, concealment, and darkness. It extends to related concepts like trickery, obscuring the truth, and even literal darkness. Some derived terms also refer to specific types of plants and a morally reprehensible act.