Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to thickness, coarseness, and robustness, particularly in physical attributes like hands, feet, or the body. It also extends to concepts of hoarding, abundance, and the dry, broken parts of plants.

This root primarily describes shortness in stature or build. It can refer to a short person or something that is compact and low to the ground.

This root primarily describes qualities of hardness, intensity, and solidity. It also extends to describe a specific type of loose, flowing sand.

This root appears to refer to a type of plant. The entry states that it is a plant but its existence or classification is not firmly established.

This root pertains to the confusion or mixing of speech, specifically due to error or mistake. It describes a state where words become jumbled and incoherent, leading to a lack of clarity.

This root primarily relates to drinking vessels, specifically cups, and also encompasses actions related to drinking, crushing, and certain geographical locations. It also includes terms for specific types of musical instruments and games.

This root primarily relates to the concept of aged or dark-colored animals, particularly cattle and camels. It also extends to descriptions of color, specifically a dusty or dark hue, and can be used metaphorically for agedness.

This root appears to describe something heavy, sluggish, or burdensome. It relates to a sense of weightiness and lack of agility.

This root appears to be primarily associated with the eggplant, a specific type of vegetable. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions beyond this primary meaning.

This root primarily concerns concepts of staying, residing, and being devoted or loyal. It extends to meanings of purity, essence, and the core of things, as well as physical attributes like the chest area and the heart. It also encompasses terms for plants, sounds, and specific actions.

This root primarily concerns concepts of sticking, adhering, and remaining fixed. It extends to actions like fastening, piercing, and wearing clothes, as well as the idea of obligation and remaining in one's home to avoid strife.

This root primarily relates to sounds of commotion, shouting, and the turbulent movement of water. It also extends to describe a sheep with little milk and a specific type of arrow.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a clear, well-trodden path or way. It extends to actions related to traversing, marking, or clearing such paths, and metaphorically to impacting or affecting something. It also encompasses meanings related to physical actions like cutting, stripping, and moving swiftly, as well as moral or physical decline.

This root primarily relates to striking or hitting, particularly in a forceful manner. It also extends to sexual intercourse and includes terms for specific plants and locations.

This root primarily relates to the act of sticking to or adhering to a place, often implying a prolonged or stubborn presence. It can also extend to the idea of being attached or clinging to something.

This root appears to relate to the concept of staying, residing, or remaining in a place. It encompasses the idea of settling down and making a home.

This root primarily concerns concepts of sticking, adhering, and becoming fixed or firm. It extends to meanings of scarcity, hardship, and narrowness, as well as stinginess and pursuit.

This root primarily relates to the action of biting or stinging, often by a snake. It also extends to meanings of striking with a whip, adhering or sticking to something, and licking. Additionally, it can refer to a small amount or a remnant of something.

This root appears to be related to the Arabic word for 'wolf'. The primary entry defines the root itself as a wolf.

This root primarily relates to the concept of sticking, adhering, or being tight and narrow. It extends to describe things that are difficult to separate, physically constricted, or even stubborn in character.

This root primarily concerns the concept of play, amusement, and sport. It extends to related ideas like jesting, mockery, and lightheartedness. Figuratively, it can refer to things that are easily manipulated or insignificant, and also to specific objects or places associated with play.

This root primarily concerns extreme exhaustion, difficulty, and deficiency. It extends to describe physical and verbal flaws, as well as foolishness and weakness.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a title, epithet, or nickname. It covers the act of bestowing or assuming such an appellation, and the appellation itself, including its plural forms.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being plump, well-fed, and robust, particularly when describing a female camel. It focuses on the physical state of being well-covered with flesh.

This root primarily relates to thirst and the state of being thirsty, especially for animals like camels and bees. It also extends to concepts of being excluded, a type of stone or lava field, and specific geographical locations or objects.

This root appears to relate to a specific tool used for applying kohl or similar substances. The primary meaning revolves around the applicator itself.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fire, its flames, heat, and intensity. It extends to describe intense heat in general, thirst, and even bright white colors. Metaphorically, it can refer to dust, ravines, or a swift horse's gait.

This root primarily concerns the concept of obligation, necessity, and adherence. It describes something that is binding, unavoidable, or essential, often implying a strong connection or commitment.

This root pertains to the concept of taking a small amount of food into the mouth, specifically a mouthful or a single bite. It describes the quantity of food consumed in such a manner.

This root primarily relates to a specific geographical location, the land of the Azd tribe. It also encompasses the concept of a dwelling or a place of residence.

This root appears to relate to fragrant substances, specifically perfumes or saffron. It is mentioned in specific textual references.

This root appears to relate to something that is medicinal or a remedy. It is described as a type of medicine, possibly of foreign origin.

This root primarily relates to sounds, particularly vocalizations associated with animals or humans during heightened states like mating or aggression. It also extends to concepts of growth, structure, and unpleasant odors.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being firm, solid, or well-established. It can also denote a state of being well-built or strong.

This root primarily concerns nobility, excellence, and high status, extending to concepts of selection, purity, and even specific geographical locations and historical figures. It also touches upon the physical attributes of things like tree bark and containers.

This root primarily concerns selection, choice, and picking the best. It extends to concepts of marriage, sexual intercourse, and also to negative qualities like cowardice and weakness, or physical deterioration.

This root primarily concerns the concept of making or being a hole, perforation, or crack. It extends to the idea of decay and ruin, particularly in trees, and the specific structures bees create for honeycombs.

This root primarily relates to the concept of wood, timber, and wooden objects. It encompasses the material itself, things made from it, and actions associated with wood.

This root primarily concerns the scar left by a wound, its formation, and the resulting mark. It extends to meanings of calling, urging, mourning, and praising. Figuratively, it can refer to something desirable, a swift or capable person, or a characteristic of something unstable.

This root primarily relates to actions of striving, weaving, and speaking confusingly. It also encompasses concepts of evil, slander, and cunning, as well as specific places and a type of man.

This root primarily relates to the sounds made by certain animals, particularly male gazelles, and also extends to terms for the male of these animals. Additionally, it encompasses a meaning related to nicknames and the act of calling someone by a nickname.

This root primarily concerns lineage, kinship, and genealogy. It extends to the act of tracing or stating one's ancestry, as well as the quality of being related. Figuratively, it can refer to poetic praise or a straight path.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being stuck, entangled, or attached to something. It extends to meanings of persistence, clinging, and also relates to wealth, arrows, and specific animals or tribes.

The root 'نصب' primarily relates to the concepts of setting up, establishing, erecting, and placing. It extends to meanings of effort, hardship, fatigue, and disease, as well as designating something as a mark, goal, or portion. It also encompasses terms for specific objects, places, and even a historical religious/political group.

This root primarily concerns the idea of drying up, diminishing, or becoming scarce, particularly with liquids like water or milk. It extends to concepts of death, scarcity of resources, and physical distance or intensity.

This root primarily relates to the head, neck, and actions associated with striking or interacting with the head or ear. It also extends to concepts of filtering and foolishness.

This root primarily concerns sounds, particularly the vocalizations of birds and humans, and also relates to swift movement or gait, both for animals and abstract concepts like wind.

This root primarily concerns the act of swallowing or taking in liquids, particularly in small amounts or with effort. It extends to related concepts like a gulp, hunger, and even a reprehensible deed.

The root النقب (an-naqab) primarily relates to the concept of making a hole, piercing, or penetrating. This extends to physical openings, passages, and even abstract concepts like insight and character. It also encompasses related ideas such as disease, specific locations, and leadership roles.