Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily concerns oaths, covenants, and alliances. It extends to the act of swearing, the people involved in such agreements, and even specific plants and geographical locations associated with these concepts.

This root primarily relates to locusts, specifically prepared for cooking. It also appears in various proper names, including individuals and their lineage, and describes a person who plucks their beard.

This root pertains to anatomical terms, specifically referring to the upper parts of the hip bone and ribs.

This root primarily concerns the concept of crookedness or deviation, particularly in the feet, but also extends to metaphorical meanings of inclination, deviation from a norm, or steadfastness in a belief. It encompasses physical deformities, moral or religious inclination, and specific historical or geographical references.

This root primarily relates to covering, surrounding, or bordering, often with a sense of protection or enclosure. It extends to concepts of sides, edges, and even a type of garment or covering.

This root primarily concerns injustice, oppression, and deviation from the right path. It also extends to meanings related to edges, borders, and scarcity, particularly in the context of land and water.

This root describes the act of striking someone or something forcefully, often to the point of cutting or severing. It implies a violent and decisive blow.

This root appears to relate to a specific plant, Rue, and its properties. It is primarily used as a noun for this herb.

This root primarily describes a state of lightness, recklessness, and immaturity. It can also refer to a specific type of beauty or radiance.

This root primarily relates to swiftness, particularly in movement and gait. It also extends to meanings of snatching, tearing, and in a meteorological context, the falling of snow.

This root primarily describes things that spin, whirl, or move rapidly. It also encompasses concepts of fragmentation, speed, and abundance, often related to natural phenomena or actions.

This root primarily concerns the act of throwing small objects, often with a flicking motion. It extends to related concepts like the tools used for throwing, swift movement, and the gait of animals.

This root primarily relates to rough, difficult, or impassable terrain, often characterized by unevenness or dense vegetation. It can also extend to meanings of confused speech or general movement.

This root primarily concerns the harvesting of fruits, particularly dates, and the season of autumn when this occurs. It extends to concepts of ripeness, gathering, and the associated time of year. Figuratively, it can refer to a decline in mental faculties or to fabricated stories.

This root appears to relate to concepts of abundance, growth, and perhaps something substantial or valuable. It encompasses terms for cotton, a fertile she-camel, a fruit, and even a woman's hair, suggesting a connection to things that are plentiful or well-formed.

This root describes someone who is ill-mannered in social settings, characterized by excessive or nonsensical talk, or by an unsteady gait.

This root primarily concerns pottery and ceramics, specifically items made from clay and fired. It also extends to a place name and a descriptive term for a type of gait.

The root خسف (kh-s-f) primarily denotes sinking, disappearing into the earth, or being swallowed up. It extends to concepts of damage, reduction, and affliction, including physical damage like gouging or breaking, and metaphorical damage like humiliation or hardship. It also relates to water sources and specific types of dates or palm trees.

The root الخصف primarily relates to the act of joining or stitching things together, particularly in the context of footwear. It extends to concepts of covering, adhering, and producing offspring, as well as describing various objects and qualities associated with these actions.

This root appears to relate to lightness, specifically in the context of carrying or bearing something, such as the fruit of a palm tree. It may also touch upon concepts of fragility or being easily detached.

This root primarily relates to flatulence and eating, with some extensions to describe small or large melons, snakes, and wine. The core meaning seems to revolve around expulsion or consumption.

This root primarily describes aspects of old age, specifically the physical signs of aging in elderly women. It also encompasses terms for large, fleshy, and well-endowed women.

This root primarily relates to specific types of trees and the lightness of carrying date palms. It appears to be a specialized root with limited semantic scope.

This root primarily relates to speed and swiftness in movement, particularly in walking or running. It also extends to descriptions of physical attributes like broadness and looseness, and actions involving striking with a sword.

This root appears to relate to old age and decay, specifically referring to an old, dying woman. It also seems to encompass a broader sense of things that are neglected or in a state of disrepair.

The root خطف (khaṭafa) primarily denotes snatching, seizing, or plucking something quickly. It extends to concepts of swiftness, sudden disappearance, and even specific objects or animals associated with this rapid action.

This root primarily relates to the concept of lightness, speed, and agility. It extends to physical attributes like the hoof of an animal, the sole of a foot, and also encompasses abstract notions of haste, foolishness, and a lack of seriousness. Derived terms describe things that are light, move quickly, or are easily swayed.

This root appears to describe something large, abundant, or impressive, specifically in relation to female camels.

This root primarily describes a specific manner of walking characterized by pride and arrogance, often involving a swaying or pompous gait. It also relates to a legendary lineage and the names derived from a story about the sons of Ilyas.

This root describes a woman characterized by her large, fleshy build, particularly her ample breasts. It focuses on physical attributes of size and corpulence in females.

This root appears to describe an old, frail, and possibly dying woman. It focuses on the physical deterioration associated with extreme old age.

This root appears to be a placeholder or a highly unusual formation, possibly related to a specific, rare term or a scribal error. Its meaning is unclear and likely not a standard Arabic root.

This root primarily relates to concepts of coarseness, roughness, and deviation. It encompasses terms for coarse materials like linen, rough paths, and physical deformities. It also extends to behavioral traits such as arrogance, anger, and unusual gaits in animals, as well as specific historical figures and places.

The root خاف (khāfa) primarily denotes the concept of fear, apprehension, and dread. It extends to related ideas such as being terrified, causing fear, and the state of being fearful. The root also encompasses secondary meanings like killing, fighting, and even knowledge in specific contexts.

This root primarily relates to elevated or sloping ground, particularly on mountainsides, and by extension, to areas or regions. It also extends to describe certain types of plants, locusts, and physical characteristics like eye color or udder size. Metaphorically, it can refer to differences or divisions.

This root describes rapid or determined movement, particularly of camels or people in combat. It can also refer to a constricted or restrained manner of moving.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being, existence, and presence. It is often used in relation to a person's state, condition, or proximity, encompassing notions of protection, support, or origin.

This root appears to describe something large and imposing, specifically a large camel. It may also extend to other large, bulky entities.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a messenger or envoy, particularly one carrying potentially negative or sensitive information between parties. It also extends to the idea of leadership or guidance.

This root primarily concerns the concept of taking or acquiring something excessively or greedily. It also extends to the idea of burdening someone with an impossible task or something without purpose.

This root primarily relates to the side or flank of something, extending to concepts of support, gentle movement, and swiftness. It also encompasses terms for musical instruments, military forces, and actions of hastening or overwhelming.

This root appears to relate to concepts of effeminacy, passive homosexuality, and sudden, overwhelming agitation or passion.

This root describes the act of coming stealthily or secretly to steal something. It implies a furtive approach with the intention of pilfering.

This root primarily describes a slow, deliberate, or heavy gait, often associated with carrying a burden or advancing in a measured way. It extends to concepts of gradual approach, falling, and even specific animals or types of arrows.

This root primarily concerns the concept of illness, sickness, and being afflicted. It extends to meanings related to proximity, nearing completion, and a sense of heaviness or seriousness, particularly in relation to time or a condition.

This root primarily concerns the act of mixing or blending, particularly with liquids like water. It also extends to the concept of being moistened or pulverized, and has a distinct meaning related to nightmares.

This root primarily describes the act of taking something forcefully or excessively. It also extends to describe people or camels that are exhausted or lost due to prolonged travel.

This root appears to relate to a specific place name, possibly a region or city in the Levant, and its associated characteristics, such as its inhabitants and the quality of its camels and swords.