Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to intense darkness, particularly of the night, and by extension, to a formidable or overwhelming situation or entity. It can also refer to a specific name or a person characterized by such intensity.

This root describes things that are dark, intense, or formidable. It encompasses concepts of deep darkness in nights, powerful and imposing individuals, and challenging, obscure matters.

The root دمس primarily relates to darkness, covering, and concealment. It extends to meanings of burial, hiding information, and even sexual intercourse. It also encompasses concepts of destruction and hidden places.

This root primarily describes a lion, often with connotations of strength and darkness. It also extends to describe men who are dark-skinned, stout, or powerful.

This root primarily refers to fine silk or brocade, and by extension, fine fabrics woven from such materials. It also describes garments made from these luxurious textiles.

This root appears to refer to specific geographical locations, possibly towns or regions, in Egypt and Tbilisi.

This root describes physical robustness and substantiality, particularly concerning fleshiness and corpulence. It denotes a state of being well-built, heavy, and solid in form.

This root primarily concerns the concept of dirtiness, filth, and impurity. It extends to actions that stain or disgrace something, affecting both physical objects and abstract concepts like honor.

This root appears to relate to negative character traits, specifically poor disposition and foolishness. It is used to describe someone who is ill-tempered or lacking in intelligence.

This root primarily concerns the act of causing discord or corruption among people. It also encompasses the physical and emotional state of submission, humiliation, and subservience, often depicted through posture and gaze.

This root appears to describe the act of hiding, concealing oneself, or remaining hidden. It implies a deliberate withdrawal from public view, often due to shame or an unwillingness to engage with others.

The root الدوس primarily relates to the act of treading or stepping on something with the foot. It extends to concepts of sexual intercourse, subjugation, polishing, and also refers to specific entities like a tribe, a type of shoe, and a forest.

This root primarily describes a lack of strong color, particularly in plants, and also refers to flat, easy terrain. It extends to concepts of ease in disposition, physical characteristics of women and animals, and the appearance of land.

This root primarily denotes a formidable, overwhelming, or calamitous event or person. It also encompasses related concepts of swiftness, energy, and intense activity.

This root primarily relates to concepts of secrecy, consultation, and forceful action. It also extends to describe things that are hidden or concealed.

This root primarily refers to the breast or udder, with a specific geographical place name also derived from it. The term is noted as being of non-Arabic origin.

This entry concerns a single word, 'إذريطوس', which is identified as a medication. The word is noted to be of Roman origin and has been Arabized.

This root appears to describe the act of wasting or losing one's wealth. It is closely related to another root with a similar meaning, suggesting a shared semantic field of financial ruin or mismanagement.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'head' in its literal and metaphorical senses. It extends to leadership, the highest point or part of something, and the primary or essential element. It also encompasses terms related to specific locations, animals, and abstract concepts like opinion and capital.

This root primarily relates to striking, filling, and intense or severe situations. It also encompasses terms for bravery, abundance, and negative qualities like ugliness or disease, as well as movement and disorder.

This root appears to be a proper noun, specifically referring to a person's name. It is associated with a historical figure who was a delegate and received a written document from the Prophet Muhammad.

This root primarily relates to sounds of thunder, rumbling, and deep vocalizations, often associated with the sky or animals. It also extends to concepts of mixing, confusion, impurity, and physical actions like measuring depth or causing something to shake.

This root appears to describe qualities of boldness, courage, and strength, particularly in the context of warfare or intense situations. It encompasses terms for brave individuals and potentially related actions or states.

This root primarily relates to the concept of making something cheaper or lowering its price. It can also be used in proper names.

This root primarily relates to striking, crushing, or throwing with force. It also extends to concepts of destruction, carrying away, and a specific place or object used for striking. Figurative uses include the head and a type of person.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a specific geographical location. It denotes an island belonging to the Romans, situated opposite Alexandria.

This root primarily concerns the initiation or foundation of something, whether it be a physical object like a well or an abstract concept like a feeling or news. It also encompasses actions related to construction, digging, and concealment, as well as the idea of something being established or firm.

This root primarily relates to the act of striking or hitting, specifically with the palm of the hand. It also extends to the concept of things piling up or fitting together.

This root primarily describes trembling, shaking, and weakness, often associated with physical states like fatigue, sleepiness, or even excitement. It extends to describe unsteady movement, particularly in animals, and can also refer to a person who is weak or picks through refuse.

This root primarily concerns abundance, prosperity, and blessings, often in the context of wealth and sustenance. It extends to concepts of generosity, ease, and a comfortable life. The root also touches upon the idea of making something easy or smooth.

This root primarily concerns the action of kicking, especially with the legs or feet. It extends to the forceful impact of a kick and the act of restraining an animal, specifically a camel, with a hobble.

This root appears to be primarily associated with proper names, specifically a poet's appellation. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions in this entry.

This root primarily deals with the concept of inversion, reversal, and being turned upside down. It extends to meanings of being thrown back into a negative state, such as disbelief, and also encompasses physical descriptions of objects or animals in specific positions.

This root appears to be related to bravery, courage, and strength, often associated with lions. It also functions as a proper name.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of concealment, burial, and the grave. It extends to related ideas like covering up, things that obscure, and nocturnal activities. It also includes a specific place name and the act of immersion.

This root entry appears to be a proper noun or a name derived from a specific historical context, rather than a semantic root with broad derivations. It refers to individuals associated with the Banu Munzir dynasty.

This root primarily relates to movement, specifically walking with pride or swagger. It also extends to concepts of carrying or bearing, consuming large amounts of food, and a place name.

This root primarily concerns the concept of intense pressure, crowding, or overwhelming abundance. It extends to actions involving forceful impact, filling up, and vigorous movement or agitation.

This root appears to relate to secrecy, hiddenness, and potentially malicious intent. It also encompasses notions of prideful walking and overcoming or controlling something.

This root primarily relates to the concept of water changing, becoming turbid or foul. It also extends to terms for a river, a specific region, and a type of sheep, with some derived terms possibly related to military or administrative personnel.

This entry refers to a specific type of Roman fabric or garment. The word itself is of Roman origin and has been Arabized.

This entry refers to a specific place name in Morocco, known for its natural features and unique local customs. It describes the region and its inhabitants' practices.

This root primarily deals with the concept of 'one-sixth' or division into six parts. It extends to describe specific fractions, stages of animal maturity, measurements, and tribal affiliations. It also encompasses actions related to taking a sixth and the number six itself.

This root primarily refers to a specific type of large plant, commonly known as a fern. It may also denote a geographical location associated with this plant.

This root primarily describes impotence or lack of fertility in males, extending to general weakness. It also encompasses concepts of holding or retaining something, and a person of sound mind and good character, contrasting with bad disposition.

This root appears to be primarily used as a proper noun, specifically a nisba (a name indicating origin or affiliation) derived from a place name or a personal name. It does not seem to have broader semantic applications in classical Arabic lexicography.

This root appears to be related to place names, specifically towns or regions. It is used to derive the names of places and people associated with them.

This root primarily relates to concepts of smoothness, ease, and flow, extending to physical objects like threads and plants, as well as abstract ideas like mental state and bodily control. It also encompasses notions of something being loose or falling apart.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a specific geographical location. It is not a productive root with multiple derived meanings in classical Arabic.

This root entry appears to be a proper noun, specifically the name of a place. It does not seem to contain any derived lemmas in the traditional sense of classical Arabic lexicography.