Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily deals with the lingering effects of negative states such as illness, enmity, or intense love. It also encompasses hardships and the physical manifestations of illness, as well as the concept of pursuit or following.

This root entry primarily defines a specific term for a female elephant. It also notes variations in pronunciation and provides a synonym.

The root عكله primarily relates to the concepts of gathering, collecting, and confining. It extends to meanings of holding back, restraining, and also to the idea of being confused or stuck. Figuratively, it can denote death or a firm opinion.

This root appears to relate to the claws or talons of a lion. It is a very specific term, likely used in classical Arabic literature or zoological descriptions.

This root primarily concerns the concept of drinking, especially repeated or secondary drinking, and by extension, sustenance and nourishment. It also extends to meanings of distraction, occupation, illness, and elevation.

The root 'العمل' (al-ʿamal) primarily denotes the concept of 'work', 'action', or 'deed'. It encompasses various aspects of performing tasks, professions, and the results of actions, extending to concepts like effort, skill, and even moral character or intent.

This root describes slowness, heaviness, and a dragging quality, often associated with physical size or deliberate affectation. It also encompasses terms for strength, nobility, and specific animal characteristics.

This root primarily relates to anatomical terms, specifically the clitoris and related features. It also extends to describe thick or coarse objects and individuals, particularly those of African descent.

This root primarily describes something that is hard, strong, and tough. It extends to describe actions of tearing or ripping apart, and also refers to specific anatomical parts and animals known for their toughness or destructive capabilities.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a cross-reference or a highly specialized term. It primarily defines 'ام عنثل' and 'ام عثيل' as a hyena, noting a linguistic variation.

This root appears to describe something withered, emaciated, or small and insignificant. It is primarily used to describe an old person whose flesh has receded, revealing their bones, and also refers to a small creature.

This root primarily relates to descriptions of animals, particularly camels and birds, and also describes physical attributes of humans and animals. It encompasses terms for strength, size, and specific sounds or types.

This root primarily refers to a type of wild onion or bulbous plant. It is also associated with the concept of being strong or firm, possibly due to the tough nature of the plant.

This root appears to relate to the concept of a spider's web and also to the act of running or hastening.

This root appears to describe something solid, firm, or unyielding. It is primarily used to denote a strong and robust physical state.

This root appears to be related to the concept of eyes, vision, and perhaps springs or sources. It encompasses terms for the eye itself, the act of seeing, and things associated with these concepts, potentially including water sources.

The root عال (ʿāla) primarily relates to deviation, injustice, and excess, particularly concerning scales and justice. It also encompasses concepts of burden, care, and dependence, as well as the idea of overwhelming or overcoming something. Additionally, it can refer to making a sound or becoming impoverished.

This root primarily describes swiftness and excellence, particularly in relation to camels and horses. It extends to concepts of leadership, intensity, and sometimes negative attributes like restlessness or old age.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of poverty, need, and dependence, often implying a state of being supported or sustained by another. It also extends to meanings related to wandering, seeking, and unsteady movement, as well as specific animal names and terms for dependents.

This root primarily describes a place that is abundant with trees, particularly dense or intertwined vegetation. It can also refer to the state of being intertwined or crowded, especially in the context of palm trees.

This root appears to describe a state of abundant, luxurious, and easy living. It encompasses concepts of spaciousness and prosperity in one's livelihood.

This root primarily describes things that are large, ample, or abundant. It extends to physical size in humans and animals, the generosity of provisions, and the vastness of abstract concepts like mercy.

This root primarily relates to the foreskin and its absence, extending metaphorically to concepts of abundance, length, and residue. It also encompasses terms for specific types of long spears, relaxed individuals, and various forms of sediment or mud.

This root primarily deals with the process of sifting or filtering, often with connotations of separating the good from the bad. It extends to metaphorical meanings of destruction, elimination, and the identification of undesirable individuals or things.

This root appears to be related to the concept of a stick or staff. The primary meaning revolves around the object itself, with potential for derived meanings related to its use or characteristics.

This root primarily describes the act of pouring liquid, especially over someone's head. It also extends to the concept of something becoming spoiled or rotten from within, particularly eggs and watermelons.

This root primarily refers to male genitalia, specifically the penis, and can also denote something large and flaccid before circumcision. It extends to geographical features like red hills and also appears as a proper name.

This root primarily relates to the act of spinning thread, particularly from cotton. It extends to concepts of weaving, the tools used for spinning, and metaphorically to light conversation or flirtation. It also encompasses the young gazelle and related terms, as well as specific plants and geographical features.

This root primarily concerns the act of washing, cleaning, and rinsing. It extends to the water used for washing, the place where washing occurs, and the result of washing. Figuratively, it can denote intense action, such as repeated striking or sexual intercourse.

This root appears to relate to the concept of something being abundant, overflowing, or perhaps even excessive. It is primarily used in a descriptive context, often referring to water or other liquids in a state of profusion.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a single-word entry. It defines a specific term, likely a noun, and provides its meaning.

This root appears to relate to the concept of a tree becoming green or verdant, specifically referring to its leaves or foliage.

This root primarily relates to darkness, obscurity, and overwhelming abundance. It describes the obscuring of the sky and night, dense darkness, and the confusion that accompanies it. It also extends to concepts of abundance in wealth, food, vegetation, and social gatherings.

The root غفل primarily concerns the concept of heedlessness, neglect, and unawareness. It extends to meanings of overlooking, forgetting, and being oblivious. Derived terms also describe someone or something lacking distinguishing marks, value, or purpose, and can refer to specific individuals or groups.

The root الغل (al-ghal) primarily relates to concepts of thirst, heat, and internal discomfort. It extends to encompass feelings of hatred, envy, and hidden malice. Furthermore, it denotes betrayal, deceit, and the act of taking something secretly or illicitly, as well as the income or yield from property.

This root primarily concerns processes of corruption, decay, or obscuring, often related to materials like leather or fruit. It also extends to meanings of covering, concealing, and sometimes, by extension, preparation or maturation. Some derived terms relate to places or plants.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a single-word entry. It defines a specific type of bird.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a man or male human. It also extends to meanings associated with being firm, strong, or standing upright, and can refer to specific animals or objects.

This root primarily refers to a type of ground-creeping plant, specifically a bindweed. It can also denote an unknown creature, possibly an insect.

This entry describes a person characterized by a large head. It appears to be a descriptive term rather than a root with extensive derivations.

The root غاله (ghala) primarily relates to destruction, perishing, and overwhelming hardship. It extends to encompass concepts of deception, illusion, and things that cause mental distress or loss of reason. It also includes specific geographical locations and entities.

The root الغيل primarily relates to concepts of milk, growth, abundance, and hidden or sudden actions. It encompasses milk consumed by a child from a pregnant mother, lush vegetation, flowing water, and also signifies deceit, assassination, and hidden malice.

This root primarily concerns the concept of omens, prognostication, and good or bad signs, often derived from hearing specific words or phrases. It also extends to meanings related to abundance, a children's game, and a specific type of meat.

The root 'فتله' primarily concerns the concept of twisting, turning, or bending something. This extends to meanings of diverting, changing one's mind, and also refers to specific small objects or parts that are twisted, such as a wick or a fine rope.

This root appears to relate to a cunning, astute, or treacherous individual. The primary meaning points to someone who is a schemer or a deeply cunning person.

This root primarily concerns the radish plant and its medicinal properties. It also extends to meanings related to looseness, thickness, and fabrication.

The root الفحل primarily relates to the male of animals, particularly in the context of breeding and virility. It extends to concepts of excellence, strength, and superiority, often metaphorically applied to humans, plants, and even abstract concepts like poetry and situations.

This root appears to relate to a specific physical characteristic, possibly a gait or posture, though its exact meaning is debated within the text. The primary discussion revolves around the term 'al-afḥaj' and its potential connection to 'al-fanjal'.

This root describes the act of appearing dignified, calm, and well-prepared. It encompasses presenting oneself with gravitas, composure, and in one's finest attire, suggesting a state of readiness and elevated bearing.

This root appears to relate to significant or grave matters. The primary meaning points to important affairs or serious issues.