Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily deals with concepts related to falsification, deception, and making something appear genuine when it is not. It can also extend to the embellishment or adornment of speech.

The root 'زهف' primarily relates to concepts of lightness, swiftness, and approaching something, often with negative connotations like lying, destruction, or malice. It also encompasses ideas of submission, nearing death, and exaggeration.

This root pertains to the concept of passing through, penetrating, or allowing something to pass through. It signifies making something go beyond a certain point or boundary.

This root primarily relates to concepts of strutting, swaggering, and pretentious movement. It also extends to meanings of counterfeit or debased items, particularly currency, and architectural features.

This root primarily describes states of cracking, peeling, and fraying, particularly related to skin, nails, and plant fibers. It also extends to terms for parts of a palm tree and animal tail hair, and a specific type of sand formation.

This root primarily relates to covering, veiling, and curtains. It extends to concepts of concealment, the night, and even physical attributes like a slender waist.

The root السحف primarily relates to scraping, peeling, or burning away a surface, often hair, skin, or fat. It extends to concepts of removal, destruction, and even descriptions of physical attributes like length or thinness, and sounds associated with scraping or grinding.

This root primarily denotes a state of being thin, weak, or lacking substance, often applied to physical conditions, mental faculties, or even material objects. It can also describe a lack of intelligence or a flighty disposition.

This root primarily concerns concepts related to darkness, light, and the transition between them, often associated with twilight or the early morning. It also extends to meanings of covering, veiling, and things seen from a distance, as well as specific objects like a door or its covering.

This root primarily relates to exceeding limits, going beyond moderation, and making mistakes. It encompasses concepts like extravagance, error, ignorance, and excess, often in a negative or uncontrolled manner. It also extends to specific objects, places, and even a historical figure associated with excess.

This root primarily describes things that are slender, delicate, and light, often with a connotation of being well-nourished or fast. It extends to describe physical attributes of humans and animals, as well as a type of insect.

This root appears to relate to specific types of birds of prey and descriptive terms for length. The primary meaning connects to a falcon, while a secondary meaning describes something as long.

This root appears to describe the act of nurturing and providing excellent care for a child, ensuring their well-being and prosperity. It encompasses the idea of feeding and raising someone with abundance and comfort.

This root primarily relates to palm fronds and their properties, extending to concepts of dryness, decay, and abundance. It also encompasses terms for physical ailments, social customs, and qualities of character, as well as actions of assistance and facilitation.

This root primarily relates to plants, specifically a type of grass or reed. It extends to concepts of weaving, consuming dry food, and the act of passing or moving across the earth. It also encompasses terms for undesirable things, like poor quality items or insignificant matters, and can describe intense states like hunger or focused attention.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a roof or ceiling, extending to things that cover or arch. It also encompasses terms for height, elevation, and elongated or drooping features, as well as specific religious and geographical titles.

This root primarily relates to the craft of shoemaking and carpentry, encompassing the artisan, their tools, and the products of their labor. It also extends to related architectural elements and metaphorical descriptions of skill and appearance.

This root primarily concerns the turtle, its various names, and its medicinal properties. It also touches upon a folk belief about its use in warding off cold.

This root describes someone or something that is disordered, agitated, or ill-formed in their creation or constitution. It conveys a sense of being jumbled or improperly put together.

This root appears to relate to swallowing or consuming, with some derived terms possibly referring to a sharp stick used for hunting or a thick/stout individual.

This root appears to relate to concepts of fullness, thickness, and consumption. It describes a well-fed animal and the act of swallowing something whole.

This root entry appears to be a proper noun, specifically referring to two villages in Egypt. It does not seem to have broader semantic derivations or common usage beyond its geographical designation.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being large, stout, or bulky, particularly in reference to animals or people. It describes a physical characteristic of size and substance.

This root primarily relates to concepts of attachment, binding, and leading or advancing. It extends to descriptions of camels, their equipment, and their movement, as well as to certain plants and their parts. It also encompasses terms for groups, clothing, and conditions of land or animals.

This root primarily relates to concepts of distance, scent, and perishing. It extends to meanings of patience, land features, and the passage of time, often with a sense of loss or decay. It also encompasses terms for specific locations, ailments, and a particle indicating future or continuation.

This root primarily relates to the state of dying, thirst, and the physical manifestations associated with it. It also extends to concepts of being overwhelmed, consumed, or altered by a strong need or condition, and can describe the appearance of fish scales.

This root primarily concerns the sword, its use, and related concepts. It extends to terms for people associated with swords, abstract qualities, and various other objects and phenomena that share a metaphorical or literal connection to the shape or function of a sword.

This root primarily concerns a severe foot ulcer that is cauterized, and by extension, the concept of eradication or destruction. It also extends to feelings of fear, hatred, and physical deterioration.

This root appears to describe something that is sharp, pointed, or refined. It can apply to physical objects like mountains or tools, suggesting a quality of keenness or precision.

This root pertains to the act of peeling or stripping off a layer, specifically the skin or a covering from something. It is noted as a term used in Yemeni dialect.

This root primarily relates to milk, specifically its quality or state, and the sound associated with milking.

This root primarily concerns concepts of crookedness, inclination, and distortion, applied to physical attributes like a person's face or a horse's gait, as well as abstract notions like injustice and darkness. It also extends to meanings of cutting or dividing into pieces.

This root appears to be a variant spelling or pronunciation of another root, 'الشحذوف'. It primarily relates to concepts of sharpness, keenness, or perhaps swiftness, as suggested by its connection to 'الشحذوف'.

This root primarily deals with negation and questioning, functioning as a particle. It can also be used in certain contexts to express what or that which is.

This root describes states of readiness, preparation, and swiftness, particularly in the context of conflict or undertaking a task. It also encompasses physical descriptions related to broadness or width.

This root primarily relates to anatomical terms, specifically cartilage and ribs, but extends to describe negative character traits like bad temper and difficult situations such as hardship or calamity.

This root primarily relates to specific botanical terms, referring to a type of plant or its fruit, and also to the protective covering of a date palm's spathe.

This root appears to relate to small, possibly young, amphibians, specifically a small frog.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant or its harvest, possibly a type of grain or stalk. It describes the plant itself and the act of cutting it.

This root appears to describe a state of being dry, unkempt, and perhaps rough or coarse, particularly in reference to a young person's appearance.

This root describes a state of extreme dryness, leanness, and desiccation, often applied to living beings, food, or land. It conveys a sense of being withered, parched, or shriveled due to lack of moisture or sustenance.

The root شطف primarily relates to the concept of going away, moving to a distance, and washing. It also extends to meanings of being remote or having missed a target.

This root appears to refer to a specific type of mollusk, possibly a snail, found in Egypt. It is presented as a proper noun or a descriptive term for such a creature.

This root primarily denotes hardship, difficulty, and scarcity, particularly in terms of sustenance and living conditions. It also extends to concepts of dryness, toughness, and restriction, applying to both abstract situations and physical objects or beings.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a peak, summit, or the uppermost part of something, often applied to mountains, hair, or the heart. It also extends to meanings of intense emotion, madness, and specific natural phenomena like rain or plant conditions.

This root primarily concerns the innermost part of the heart, its coverings, or affections related to it. It also extends to describe certain ailments, locations, and states of intense emotion or madness.

This root primarily relates to thinness, transparency, and passing through. It also encompasses concepts of increase and decrease, wind, cold, heat, and thirst, often with a sense of something being slight or insufficient.

This root primarily relates to pottery, specifically earthenware or its fragments. It also appears in place names, indicating historical or geographical significance.