Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to the silver coin known as the dirham. It extends to concepts of abundance, resemblance to coins, and in a classical context, to a garden or a person's failing eyesight due to age.

The root الدسم primarily relates to greasiness, fat, and oil. It extends to meanings of smearing, covering, and closing, often with a connotation of obscuring or making something dense. It also encompasses terms for various animals, darkness, and even abstract concepts like the edge of a matter.

This root appears to describe someone or something characterized by a lack of goodness or worth. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote a person who is morally or practically deficient.

This root primarily relates to the concept of support, propping up, or reinforcing. It extends to physical structures like pillars and beams, as well as metaphorical support. It also encompasses sexual intercourse and terms for specific tribal groups or individuals.

This root describes something short, ugly, and of poor quality. It also relates to a short, hurried gait.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being large, stout, or bulky, often describing a person or animal. It can also refer to a specific type of large, robust individual.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being large, stout, or imposing, often used to describe animals or people. It can also denote a specific type of large, sturdy object or a person with such characteristics.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a specific water source belonging to a tribe. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions or derived forms commonly found in other Arabic roots.

This root primarily deals with concepts of covering, obscuring, and entering, often with a sense of force or suddenness. It also extends to descriptions of color, physical attributes, and actions related to eating and speaking.

This root primarily concerns the idea of damage, breaking, or loss, particularly related to teeth and jaws. It also extends to concepts of severe distress, sudden impact, and specific physical attributes.

This root primarily concerns the concept of forceful impact, pushing, or thrusting. It extends to actions like colliding, butting, and inserting something into another.

This root primarily relates to intense darkness, blackness, and things associated with it. It also extends to concepts of drooping, large size, and specific entities like a type of snake, a mountain, and a historical figure.

This root pertains to the concept of speed and swiftness. It describes something or someone that moves quickly.

This root describes something large, heavy, or overwhelming. It encompasses large animals, severe ailments, and states of being that are burdensome or profound.

This root appears to describe terms related to animals, specifically camels, and also human strength and age. It encompasses words for an old, dying female camel and a strong male camel, as well as a strong man.

This root appears to describe something old, worn out, or broken down, specifically referring to an elderly woman or an aged, tooth-broken female camel.

This root primarily describes the intensification of darkness and blackness, often associated with night or gloom. It also extends to describe things that are dark, intense, or swift, and can be used metaphorically for mental states or specific animals.

This root appears to relate to concepts of shortness, insignificance, and lowliness. It also encompasses sounds associated with objects like bows and basins, possibly implying a dull or resonant quality.

This root appears to describe something old, dark, and possibly withered or dried up, specifically referring to plants.

The root 'دام' primarily relates to the concept of permanence, continuity, and lastingness. It encompasses ideas of enduring, remaining, and being constant, often applied to time, states, or physical substances. It also extends to meanings of dwelling, inhabiting, and even specific natural phenomena like persistent rain.

This root primarily describes something that is strong, intense, or abundant, particularly in the context of camels, men, and land. It can also refer to a specific individual.

This root primarily deals with the concept of demolition, destruction, and collapse. It describes the act of tearing down structures, the state of falling down, and the resulting ruin.

This root pertains to the act of concealing or hiding something. It primarily describes the action of making something imperceptible or secret.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being large, stout, or imposing in stature. It is primarily used to describe physical size and appearance, often with a connotation of strength or bulk.

This root appears to relate to concepts of being worn out, old, or entering into difficult situations. It also encompasses the idea of forceful or unhesitating action, particularly in a challenging context.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a continuous, lasting, or perpetual state. It encompasses ideas of enduring, remaining, and constancy, often in the context of time or existence.

This root primarily concerns concepts of contempt, disgrace, and fear. It describes actions of belittling, shaming, and expelling someone, as well as the feeling of terror or dread.

This root appears to relate to the act of slaughtering or killing, and by extension, to a state of decline or ruin.

This root appears to relate to the act of throwing or casting something, particularly in the context of a mother with her child. It also has a geographical or place-related meaning.

This root appears to relate to geographical features, specifically concerning watercourses and their outlets. It describes a specific type of valley mouth or a place where water collects.

This root primarily concerns blame, criticism, and reproach. It extends to concepts of shame, defect, and negative qualities. Related meanings include covenants, guarantees, and sometimes specific physical ailments or undesirable substances.

The root ذو (dhū) primarily relates to possession, ownership, and association. It is commonly used to indicate someone or something that possesses a certain quality, attribute, or characteristic. It can also denote accompaniment or being endowed with something.

This root primarily concerns the concept of blame, reproach, and defect. It encompasses the act of criticizing someone, the state of being criticized, and the inherent flaws or faults that lead to such criticism.

This root primarily concerns affection, love, and attachment, extending to concepts of healing, care, and binding. It also encompasses specific terms for animals, body parts, and objects, often metaphorically linked to these core meanings.

This root primarily deals with concepts of breaking, crushing, and grinding, often applied to physical objects like bones or plants. It also extends to meanings related to binding, remembering, and specific physical attributes like facial markings or a slow gait.

The root الرجم primarily relates to the act of throwing stones, often with connotations of killing, cursing, or driving away. It extends to meanings of conjecture, marking, and even specific geographical features or structures.

This root primarily relates to concepts of softness, gentleness, and affection, often applied to physical textures, emotional states, and speech. It also encompasses various geographical locations, a type of bird, and specific medicinal uses of plants and stones.

This root primarily relates to the concept of flowing, dripping, or leaking, often associated with liquids like milk or bodily fluids. It also extends to meanings of abundance, dispersal, and deterioration or becoming worn out.

This root entry appears to be a proper noun, likely referring to a specific group or lineage. The derived terms all relate to this name and its associated people.

This root primarily concerns the concept of traces, marks, and remnants left behind. It extends to ideas of imprinting, writing, and enduring effects, as well as associated actions like observing, ordering, and remembering. It also encompasses related objects and qualities like seals, patterns, and a graceful gait.

This root primarily relates to marking, sealing, and imprinting. It extends to the appearance of marks, such as on an animal's face or on the ground, and also encompasses the initial stages of growth or the first signs of something.

This root primarily describes the act of entering into narrow or confined spaces, particularly ravines or gorges. It conveys a sense of penetration or immersion within a constricted area.

The root رضم (r-ḍ-m) primarily relates to the concept of pressing, piling, or accumulating, often with heavy objects like stones. It extends to meanings of being heavy, slow, or stuck, and also encompasses specific geographical locations and types of flora and fauna.

This root primarily deals with concepts of being stuck, trapped, or hindered, often in a difficult situation. It also extends to meanings of sexual intercourse, throwing, and being steadfast or silent.

This root primarily relates to sharp or intense states, particularly in vision and physical condition. It also extends to specific types of nasal discharge, animal and human descriptions, and geographical or botanical terms.