Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root describes something that is long and wide, often referring to a person or animal with a large, imposing physique. It conveys a sense of bulkiness and substantiality.

This root primarily concerns elevation, prominence, and reaching a goal or target. It extends to concepts of importance, weight, and even specific actions like approaching or aiming.

This root primarily denotes speed and swiftness. It is used to describe something or someone that moves quickly, is agile, or is sharp and decisive.

This root pertains to the concept of speed and swiftness. It describes something or someone that is fast, and the act of moving quickly.

This root primarily concerns speaking or acting with excessive enthusiasm, often without proper knowledge or basis. It also extends to concepts of hastening or accelerating, particularly in relation to wealth growth or religious duties.

This root appears to describe a man who is weak, cowardly, or lacking in resolve. It is primarily used as an adjective to characterize such an individual.

This root primarily relates to the concept of dryness, absorption, and slow consumption, often associated with aged or withered things. It also extends to the act of sipping or taking small amounts, particularly of liquids.

This root appears to be a proper noun, specifically a personal name. It is not a productive root with multiple derived meanings in classical Arabic.

This root describes a weak or feeble state, particularly concerning laughter or vocalization. It can refer to someone laughing weakly or a person, especially a female, who is weak in their voice or crying.

This root primarily describes swiftness and speed, particularly in relation to a large, fast ostrich. It also extends to describe large teeth and elderly women, possibly metaphorically linked to size or a certain imposing presence.

This root primarily describes something or someone that is fast, agile, or perhaps a bit wild and untamed. It can also refer to characteristics like being tall or having abundant feathers, and in a verbal sense, being lightened or made swift by the wind.

This root primarily relates to the act of milking and the falling of rain, particularly heavy rain. It also extends to descriptive terms for abundant milk and specific geographical or tribal names.

The root 'haft' primarily relates to lightness, swiftness, and a lack of substance or fullness. It describes things that are airy, insubstantial, or moving quickly, often with a sense of emptiness or lack of value.

This root pertains to a lack of appetite or desire for food. It describes a state of not wanting to eat, often due to a diminished sense of hunger.

This root pertains to the concept of speed and swiftness, particularly in movement like running and walking. It describes a rapid pace and quickness of motion.

This root appears to describe a state of being disordered, agitated, or unstable, particularly in terms of physical constitution or temperament. It suggests a lack of proper form or a restless disposition.

This root describes someone who is large, bulky, and perhaps a bit slow or clumsy due to their size. It focuses on physical immensity and a lack of agility.

This root describes something heavy, coarse, or large, often with negative connotations of being uncouth, deceitful, or physically imposing. It can refer to people, animals, or even abstract concepts like a day obscured by clouds.

This root primarily relates to a specific type of laughter associated with women, characterized by a lack of genuine mirth and often implying mockery or feigned emotion. It also extends to the initial stages of crying in a child and the act of playful interaction.

This root primarily relates to winds, encompassing both hot and cold varieties. It also extends to describe a person who is empty or lacking in good qualities, and has a variant form related to a specific wind from Yemen.

This root primarily relates to intense thirst and dry, hot winds, particularly those from Yemen that desiccate the land and its inhabitants. It also extends to concepts of emaciation, fleeing, and a specific location.

This root entry primarily defines the word for 'fly' and also mentions a proper name derived from it.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fleeing, escaping, or absconding, often with an element of stealth or evasion. It also extends to meanings related to concealment, denial, and a specific type of plant material.

This root primarily concerns sleeplessness and staying awake at night. It also extends to various red substances, plant afflictions, and a serious illness characterized by jaundice.

This root primarily concerns the concept of constriction, narrowness, or being squeezed. It describes a state of being confined, whether physically in a place or metaphorically in a difficult situation, especially in the context of conflict.

This root entry discusses a plant resin known as 'al-ishq'. It details its physical characteristics, distinguishes it from other substances, and outlines its medicinal properties and uses, particularly for pain relief and as a diuretic.

This root primarily relates to directions, horizons, and expanses. It also extends to concepts of reaching limits, excellence, and the process of tanning hides. Some derived terms refer to specific places, animals, or negative qualities.

This root primarily relates to the concept of lightning, its deceptive appearance, and associated phenomena. It extends to describe deceptive or false things, wild animals like wolves and monkeys, and negative human traits such as foolishness or boldness. It also encompasses concepts of madness and a specific type of food.

This root primarily relates to the eye, specifically the corner or inner angle of the eye. It also encompasses the act of looking or gazing intently.

This root primarily concerns feelings of joy and delight, as well as the concept of liking or admiring something. It also extends to describing something as beautiful and well-crafted, and notably refers to specific types of birds, particularly the vulture or kite.

This root primarily relates to concepts of heaviness, misfortune, and burden. It extends to meanings of approaching, falling upon, and causing ill fortune. Derived terms also describe groups of people, water sources, and specific tools or days associated with these concepts.

This entry describes a type of wild herb, specifically identifying it as a plant with a red flower and broad leaves. It is noted that the plant is edible and its characteristics are compared to mustard or cabbage.

This root pertains to bones, specifically the cannon bone in animals, and its associated parts like the fetlock and the place where a hobble is attached.

This root primarily deals with the concept of being struck or afflicted by misfortune or a calamitous event. It describes the sudden onset of hardship and the state of being overwhelmed by it.

This root primarily concerns the bursting forth or breaking out of water, often from a riverbank or a well. It extends to the rapid flow of water, the filling and overflowing of a well, and metaphorically, the sudden onset of speech or a flood.

This root appears to be a proper noun, likely a nisba (a surname or place-based identifier) derived from a place name or a tribal affiliation. It is used here to identify a specific individual and his lineage.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of seed, likely used for medicinal or culinary purposes. The primary derived term refers to the seed itself.

This root primarily describes a severe form of blindness or eye defect, specifically the inability of the eyelids to meet properly around the pupil. It also extends to describe the animal that causes this defect, such as a male wolf, and the act of causing such an injury.

This root primarily concerns a type of head covering or veil worn by young women. It also extends to describe a covering for locusts and potentially small hoods or caps.

This root pertains to the concept of guarding, protection, and escorting. It specifically refers to the act of providing security or acting as a guard, often in a protective capacity.

This root primarily relates to cooked grape juice and terms for foot soldiers or guides. It also encompasses concepts of being superior or a leader, and a phrase indicating someone whose actions fall short of their words.

This root primarily refers to groups of people or formations, particularly in a military or organized context. It can also denote specific types of plants or pathways.

This root primarily relates to actions of striking, cutting, and sudden forceful impact. It also extends to metaphorical senses of bursting forth, blooming, and sudden joy or flourishing.

This root entry primarily discusses a specific type of mushroom and a geographical feature. It also mentions a tribal name and a personal name derived from it.

This root primarily relates to the act of spitting, but also extends to concepts of sowing seeds, the rising of the sun, and the letting down of milk from a she-camel.

This root appears to relate to terms for service, guardianship, and possibly agricultural contexts, with derived words referring to servants, gardeners, and specific types of containers.

This root primarily relates to the act of spitting and things associated with height or elevation. It also encompasses terms for specific geographical locations, a type of date, and a cloud formation. Some derived terms describe a tall female camel or a specific condition of a camel's udder.

This root primarily relates to striking or hitting, often with a stick. It also extends to concepts of delay, hindrance, or being unable to proceed, metaphorically linked to the difficulty of certain actions in adverse conditions.

This root primarily concerns the act of spitting and the substance expelled. It also extends to various specific nouns, including types of dates, camels, geographical locations, and a type of stone.