Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily denotes the concept of 'yesterday'. It functions as a fixed adverbial noun indicating the day before the current day, with variations in its grammatical treatment and plural forms.

This root primarily concerns humanity, people, and social interaction. It encompasses terms for humans, companionship, familiarity, and the opposite of wildness or loneliness. It also extends to specific meanings like parts of the eye, mountain tops, and even specific animals and weapons.

This root primarily relates to concepts of giving, compensation, and replacement. It also encompasses terms for a wolf, a type of shrub, remnants, and traces, as well as a specific tribal name and a historical figure.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of despair, hopelessness, and yielding. It extends to meanings of conquest, gentleness, and even specific historical or proper nouns.

This root primarily concerns hardship, suffering, and intense difficulty, often in the context of war or dire need. It also extends to meanings of courage and severity, and can be used in expressions denoting misfortune or a severe situation.

This root primarily refers to a young camel, specifically a calf. It extends to encompass a young child or infant in general, with a note on its potential Greek origin.

This root primarily concerns the act of breaking through, bursting forth, or causing something to emerge, particularly water or a wound. It also extends to meanings of verbal abuse and specific place names.

This root primarily concerns the concept of coming, arriving, or appearing. It can also denote bringing or causing something to come, and in some derived forms, it signifies emptiness or a lack of substance.

This root primarily concerns deficiency, injustice, and reduction. It encompasses concepts of unfairness, diminishment, and taking less than one is due, often in a transactional or physical sense. It can also refer to a type of land or a specific action of causing harm.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a specific place, a town or region. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions or derived meanings commonly found in Arabic roots.

This entry appears to be a toponym, referring to a place named 'Badghis' or a similar variant. The name is described as Persian in origin and is associated with a location in or near Herat, characterized by strong winds.

This root primarily relates to cotton and similar fibrous materials. It also extends to concepts of toughness, land preparation, and identifying people.

This root appears to relate to seeking or searching, with some derived terms describing a deep well and specific types of movement, particularly a dog-like gait or rapid movement.

This root primarily refers to celestial bodies, specifically the planet Jupiter, and also encompasses a large, abundant she-camel. Additionally, it denotes a target used in archery or a stone used to improve well water.

This root primarily describes a man who is wicked, arrogant, or generally considered an undesirable or strange individual. It can also refer to a proper name.

This root primarily relates to the act of hiring out animals, specifically camels and donkeys, for a fee. It also encompasses proper nouns referring to places and groups of people.

This root appears to describe qualities of endurance, beauty, and completeness, particularly in relation to camels and individuals who are patient.

This root appears to describe qualities of patience, indifference, and nobility, particularly in relation to camels.

This root entry appears to be a toponym, referring to a specific location on the coast of Egypt. It does not seem to contain derived lemmas in the traditional sense of semantic extensions from a core meaning.

This root primarily concerns actions related to food preparation, specifically mixing ingredients like flour or dried milk with fat or oil to create a paste or gruel. It also extends to concepts of effort, urging animals, spreading or distributing things, and includes several place names and descriptions of barren land.

This entry appears to be a place name, specifically a location near the gate of Aleppo. The root itself does not seem to have broader semantic coverage beyond this geographical reference.

This root entry appears to be a proper noun entry rather than a semantic root. It refers to a specific place in Al-Andalus and a famous Greek philosopher.

This root primarily describes a camel that is weak, exhausted, or emaciated. It can also refer to the act of being weakened or exhausted.

This root appears to describe a state of foolishness or servility, often associated with a lack of intelligence or dignity. It can refer to a foolish female slave or the act of humbling oneself through service.

This root primarily relates to the concept of blackness or darkness. It is associated with a specific dialectal usage from Yemen.

This root entry appears to be a place name, specifically a mountain associated with a historical figure. It does not seem to contain derived lemmas in the typical sense of semantic extensions of a core meaning.

This root primarily refers to a specific type of tree, its properties, and medicinal uses. It describes the tree itself, its botanical characteristics, and its application in treating ailments like intestinal issues and hair loss.

This root appears to relate to concepts of overcoming, a specific type of cloth, and a fortified place. The primary verb form suggests subjugation or conquest, while the nouns refer to a child's toy and a historical fortress.

This root primarily relates to concepts of despair, hopelessness, and inner turmoil. It also extends to descriptions of certain plants, fruits, and geographical locations, as well as a specific type of prison in hell.

This entry pertains to a place name in Egypt. It is a proper noun referring to a specific city.

This root appears to describe something large, heavy, or perhaps foolish. It is primarily used to denote a large, sluggish female camel, and also a foolish woman. There's a secondary meaning related to wonders or marvels.

This entry pertains to the proper name of a specific historical queen. It defines her title and kingdom.

This entry pertains to place names, specifically cities in historical Islamic lands. It describes the geographical location and characteristics of these cities.

This root primarily relates to the concept of speed and quickness, particularly in movement or action. It can describe someone moving faster or hastening their pace.

This root primarily relates to the concept of fleeing or escaping from something undesirable. It also encompasses the idea of delaying or falling behind.

This root refers to the early, round growth of a watermelon, specifically the initial stage before it fully develops. It also encompasses small growths associated with certain plants.

This root primarily relates to the act of kissing, with some derivations indicating roughness or mixing. It also appears in proper names.

This root primarily relates to the act of walking with a specific gait, characterized by pride, arrogance, or a swaggering manner. It describes a way of moving that is meant to impress or intimidate others.

This root primarily relates to boldness, courage, and assertive movement. It extends to descriptions of brave individuals, particularly men and women with a graceful gait, and is associated with specific historical figures and groups.

This root describes the state of arriving in a place with nothing, being destitute, or being stripped of possessions. It conveys a sense of emptiness and lack of resources upon arrival.

This root primarily describes something large, heavy, and strong, often associated with animals like lions and camels. It can also refer to a specific place and a person's name.

This root primarily denotes geographical locations in various regions of the Islamic world, including Andalusia, Merv, Syria, and Yamama. It also includes a verb related to arrogance and causing harm to people.

This root primarily describes a marine creature known for its ability to assist drowning individuals. It is identified as a dolphin, capable of carrying people on its back to aid their swimming.

This root primarily relates to the concept of protection, defense, and concealment. It encompasses shields, the act of shielding oneself, and things used for protection, including a physical barrier behind a door. It also extends to a thick or hardened part of the earth.

This root primarily relates to a type of plant and its seeds, often compared to lupine or Egyptian broad beans. It also extends to meanings of concealment, underground passages, and a place name.

This root primarily deals with the concept of foundations, origins, or bases, particularly those that are base or ignoble. It refers to the underlying structure or source of something, often with a negative connotation.

This root primarily denotes ruin, destruction, and downfall. It also encompasses misfortune, evil, and a state of degradation or decline. The verb forms can indicate experiencing or causing such negative states.

This root describes a thin, wispy cloud formation in the sky. It refers to a delicate or scattered appearance of clouds.

This entry pertains to the proper noun 'Tiflis', the historical name for the capital city of Georgia. It describes its geographical location, fortifications, and notable hot springs.