Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root refers to small trees. It is a descriptive term for a type of flora.

This root primarily concerns the act of traveling or moving across the land. It emphasizes a journey or a prolonged period of movement, often with a sense of purpose or destination.

This root primarily relates to camels, encompassing the animal itself, its young, and related concepts like carrying loads. It can also extend to terms for large or strong individuals, and in some contexts, to the act of carrying or bearing.

This root primarily concerns pleasantness, goodness, and purity. It extends to concepts of deliciousness, health, and things being lawful or excellent. It also encompasses geographical locations and specific historical events or groups.

This root primarily relates to sounds, noise, and commotion. It also extends to concepts of injustice, a ram's cry, and a man's predecessor. A specific derived meaning involves a reciprocal marriage arrangement.

This root primarily relates to ailments, disturbances, and unpleasant sounds or speech. It also encompasses concepts of illness, defects, and commotion, extending to specific medical conditions and negative social interactions.

This root primarily relates to geological formations, specifically elevated or protruding rocky areas, and also encompasses terms for stoutness, a type of animal, and the hardening of hooves.

This root primarily relates to the base or lower parts of things, such as the base of a tree, the end of a feather, or the lower part of the leg and foot. It also extends to concepts of subduing or making something manageable.

This root primarily concerns the concept of sound, specifically loud or vociferous speech, clamor, and the bleating or crying of a male goat when agitated.

This root primarily relates to the act of drinking, especially in a continuous or copious manner. It extends to concepts of abundance, flow, and surging, particularly concerning water and floods. Derived meanings also encompass speed, pride, and various specific objects or places.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant, the sumac. The derived terms describe the plant itself and adjectives derived from it.

This root primarily deals with the concept of a threshold, both literal and metaphorical, encompassing the entrance to a dwelling, a point of transition, or a difficult situation. It also extends to meanings of reproach, blame, displeasure, and reconciliation.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant, the sumac, and potentially other related terms or synonyms.

This root appears to describe a state of being soft, weak, or yielding. It is often used in a descriptive manner, possibly relating to physical texture or a lack of firmness.

This root primarily refers to a specific type of tree resembling a pomegranate tree, known for its red shoots that are edible. It also encompasses the singular form of this tree.

This root primarily relates to concepts of water, sustenance, and deterioration. It describes actions involving water, food preparation under duress, and a state of decline or ruin.

This root primarily concerns the concept of wonder, astonishment, and amazement. It extends to related ideas like pride, arrogance, and things that are unusual or extraordinary. It also encompasses specific applications like the rear of something, a tribe, and even names of people and places.

This root appears to describe something or someone that is suspicious, wicked, or malevolent. It is likened to a quince, suggesting a potentially unpleasant or deceptive nature.

This root primarily relates to sand, particularly fine or sparse sand, and its characteristics. It also extends to describe land adjacent to sandy areas and, metaphorically, to qualities of character and familial relationships.

This root primarily relates to pleasantness, particularly in taste and drink, but extends to concepts of restraint, removal, and suffering. It also encompasses various specific objects and places, often with a sense of being a 'tip' or 'extremity'.

This root primarily refers to parts of the nose and the area around the mouth. It encompasses the nose itself, a deviation or inclination of the nose, the area beneath the nose and above the lip, and the tip of the nasal septum.

This root appears to describe something that is solid, strong, and thick. It is also associated with a proper name, likely a historical figure.

This root primarily relates to the concept of 'Arab' people, their language, and their nomadic way of life. It encompasses terms for Arabs, their speech, and associated characteristics.

This root primarily relates to anatomical features, specifically tendons and joints in humans and animals, and extends to geographical features like mountain passes and valleys. It also encompasses concepts of cunning, trickery, and deceit, often associated with a legendary figure.

This root primarily concerns the state of being alone, unmarried, or separated from family and possessions. It extends to concepts of absence, remoteness, and even specific geographical locations or animals associated with this state of separation.

This root primarily relates to sexual intercourse, the act of covering, and offspring. It extends to concepts of leadership, swiftness, and specific physical attributes or objects.

This root primarily refers to the lion, a powerful and fearsome wild animal. It is used metaphorically to describe strong and formidable entities.

This root primarily describes a state of the eye characterized by stiffness or immobility, particularly during crying. It also refers to a specific part of a grape cluster.

This root primarily relates to vegetation, specifically grass and herbage. It describes land that is abundant in grass, the act of growing or consuming grass, and various terms for different types of grass or grassy areas. It also extends to describe individuals or animals based on their physical characteristics, often related to size or age.

This root appears to describe a state of being relaxed, limp, or weak, often in a physical sense. It can refer to a person who is listless or lacking in energy.

This root appears to describe things that are fast, strong, or intense. It is primarily used for a swift arrow, a powerful lion, and someone or something that runs with great speed.

This root pertains to the concept of intense blackness or darkness. It describes something that is profoundly dark, often in a way that is striking or severe.

The root العصب (ʿaṣab) primarily relates to binding, tying, and connecting, often with a sense of tightness or strength. It extends to concepts of kinship, groups, and even physical attributes like sinews and certain types of plants or weather phenomena.

This root describes qualities of strength, robustness, and intensity. It encompasses physical power, a strong constitution, and even the intensity of emotions like anger.

This root primarily concerns the concept of cutting, severing, or breaking. It extends to meanings of verbal abuse, striking, and even refers to specific physical conditions or characteristics of animals and people, such as a damaged ear or a weak constitution.

This root primarily concerns states of damage, destruction, or deterioration, extending to concepts of gentleness, softness, and even specific actions related to fire and healing. It also encompasses abstract notions like calamities and specific maritime features.

This root primarily relates to concepts of sticking, adhering, and persisting, often with a connotation of stubbornness or steadfastness. It also extends to physical descriptions like dryness, thickness, and fatness, as well as specific terms for large locusts.

This root appears to relate to small, possibly venomous, serpents. The primary derived term describes a small viper.

This root primarily relates to the scorpion, its shape, and its sting. It extends to describe things that are bent, hooked, or sharp, as well as harsh conditions, particularly in winter, and malicious gossip.

This root primarily relates to physical thickness or coarseness, particularly in lips and jaws, and also describes crowding or gathering. It extends to concepts of dust, smoke, and intense activity or hardship, as well as physical descriptions of people and animals.

This root primarily relates to concepts of hardness, solidity, and toughness. It extends to describe physical attributes like thick places, strong grips, and even certain types of terrain or plants. It also encompasses abstract qualities like severity and resilience, and can refer to specific objects or even a disease.

This root appears to describe things that are large, tall, or imposing, particularly in the animal kingdom. It encompasses terms for a large goat, a wild bull, and a tall man, suggesting a semantic field related to size and stature.

This root primarily concerns grapes and grapevines, including the fruit itself, the plant, and related terms. It also extends to metaphorical uses, place names, and descriptions of physical characteristics.

This root appears to describe a state of anger or displeasure, particularly in a strong or intense manner. It focuses on the expression and nature of being angry.

This root entry pertains to a specific type of bird known for its melodious singing. It primarily defines the bird and its plural form.

This root appears to be related to a specific plant, the sumac. The entry clarifies that the word is not a misspelling of other similar-sounding words.

This root primarily refers to the spider, its various names, and its plural forms. It also includes terms for collective nouns related to spiders.

This root primarily describes weakness, slowness, and a lack of understanding or ability. It extends to concepts of being overwhelmed, lost, or ignorant, and also relates to the early stages of youth or time.