Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

The root 'وكع' primarily relates to concepts of firmness, intensity, and strength, often applied to physical objects like waterskins or to abstract qualities like character. It also extends to actions of striking, biting, or prodding, and can describe negative traits like baseness or foolishness.

This root primarily concerns infatuation, obsession, and strong inclination towards something. It also extends to meanings of lying, deception, and going away with something unjustly. Derived terms can describe someone who is infatuated, a liar, or something that is enticing.

This root pertains to a sudden, forceful movement or surge, particularly of water. It describes a distinct, often overwhelming, rush or wave.

This root pertains to something that is Yemeni in origin or characteristic, specifically referring to a small or insignificant amount of something.

This root appears to describe something short and stout, possibly with a resemblance to a quince.

This root primarily relates to the act of walking, particularly with a stretched neck, and is specifically associated with the gait of donkeys. It also extends to the concept of being surprised or ambushed by a group of people, and can refer to the animal itself or its young.

This root describes physical shortness and stockiness, as well as foolishness and stubbornness. It also encompasses specific postures and ways of sitting, particularly those associated with camels or a particular manner of sitting.

This root describes excessive eating and a large throat or gullet. It also extends to specific terms for a type of dog.

This root describes the act of approaching or coming quickly and eagerly. It emphasizes a swift and often enthusiastic movement towards someone or something.

This root primarily describes individuals characterized by foolishness, extreme tallness, or a combination of physical attributes like being lanky and lame. It can also refer to a swift greyhound.

This root primarily relates to the concept of cowardice and timidity. It describes someone who is easily frightened or lacks courage, often due to a weak or trembling disposition.

This root primarily concerns the concept of sleep, particularly at night. It also extends to related ideas like a light nap, the passage of night, and even metaphorical uses related to unawareness or breaking one's hunger.

This root describes something that is tall and large, often referring to an old, bald man or a bald ostrich. It can also denote a specific type of camel offspring born during the hottest part of summer.

This root appears to relate to calming or pacifying young camels. It also has a distinct meaning referring to ostriches.

This root pertains to lightness and swiftness, particularly in the context of stealthy movement. It is used to describe individuals or animals that are quick and elusive, often associated with thievery or predatory behavior.

This root primarily relates to the concept of limping or being lame. It describes a physical defect in the leg or gait, often implying an uneven or unsteady movement.

This root primarily describes weakness, cowardice, and foolishness. It extends to describe rapid movement, especially in a disordered or fearful manner, and can also refer to specific natural phenomena like fast winds, certain plants, or even mythical creatures.

This root describes the concept of being quick, especially in crying or speaking. It encompasses speed, agility, and excessive or rapid action, particularly in verbal expression.

This root primarily deals with small insects, specifically lice, and also refers to the root-like structures of certain plants.

This root primarily relates to breaking, shattering, and rapid movement. It also encompasses concepts of division, fear, and specific types of arrows or individuals.

This root appears to relate to concepts of swiftness, speed, and perhaps an inherent, eternal quality. It describes something that moves quickly and is difficult to grasp, possibly extending to the idea of being ancient or primordial.

This root appears to describe a specific type of plant, possibly resembling a truffle or a similar underground growth. The entry notes variations in its spelling and identification.

This root primarily relates to the concept of speed and haste. It also appears in a proper noun context, referring to specific individuals or groups.

This root primarily describes the act of looking or moving forward with a specific posture, often involving a bent neck or head. It can denote eagerness, fear, or intense focus, and also refers to a wide road or a camel with a naturally bowed neck.

This root primarily describes concepts related to large, numerous, or imposing entities. It encompasses terms for a large group of people, a vast army, and a tall, robust man, suggesting a semantic field of magnitude and physical presence.

This root primarily relates to the act of vomiting or regurgitating. It describes the physical expulsion of stomach contents.

This root primarily deals with concepts related to marks, blemishes, or specific physical characteristics, often associated with animals like horses and camels. It also extends to actions of branding, striking, and metaphorical states of being affected by illness or hardship, as well as negative personal attributes like greed or arrogance.

This root primarily describes states of stillness, settling, and quietude, often in relation to animals or the night. It also encompasses meanings related to sickness, weakness, and foolishness, as well as specific physical actions like coughing or bowing the head.

This root appears to describe negative character traits, specifically focusing on unpleasant physical attributes combined with greed or stinginess. It encompasses terms for someone who is both large and base, as well as someone excessively eager to eat or a greedy wolf.

This root appears to describe someone who is quick to weep or cry. It is presented as a variant of another root, الهرمع, with the same meaning.

This root primarily describes intense fear, panic, and extreme anxiety. It also extends to meanings related to greed, stinginess, and excessive haste or speed, often in the context of distress or material possession.

This root appears to describe the act of gathering or collecting something, specifically referring to the fruit of a particular tree. It is presented as a variant or correction of a similar-sounding word.

This root appears to be primarily associated with a proper name, possibly referring to a historical figure or lineage. It also carries connotations of strength and stature, describing someone powerful and tall.

This root primarily concerns the flowing or shedding of liquid, particularly tears or rain. It extends to related concepts like abundance, speed, and even the change of color.

This root primarily describes foolishness and stupidity, often in a simple or unrefined manner. It can also refer to specific types of fruits or plants.

This root describes something or someone characterized by swiftness, lightness of step, and a lack of steadfastness or loyalty. It can refer to animals like a fast camel or a wolf, as well as treacherous or unreliable individuals.

This root appears to relate to specific types of head coverings or veils, particularly those worn by young women. It also describes a particular gait or manner of walking.

This root primarily relates to markings, specifically a brand or mark on the neck, and by extension, celestial bodies and physical postures involving bending or inclination. It also touches upon concepts of submission and humility.

This root primarily concerns intense desire, greed, and hostility. It also extends to meanings related to vomiting, shouting in war, and a specific month.

This root primarily concerns sounds that cause fear or alarm, often associated with enemies. It extends to describe a cowardly or weak person, and also encompasses concepts of eagerness, melting, vomiting, and thirst. Metaphorically, it can refer to darkness, speed, and a broad path.

This root entry describes plants that produce a milky, purgative, caustic, and cutting sap. It lists seven specific types of these plants and warns of their destructive potential if misused.

This root primarily appears in the context of proper names, specifically personal names and tribal affiliations. It does not seem to have a common semantic core beyond its use in identifying individuals and groups.

This root primarily relates to substances used for dyeing and coloring, such as saffron, brazilwood, and dragon's blood. It also extends to geographical locations, a type of bird, and the act of dyeing itself.

This root primarily relates to flying insects, particularly those that are luminous or bothersome, and also extends to concepts of fear, cowardice, and certain types of vegetation or terrain.

This root appears to relate to children's games, specifically the act of throwing an object. It also encompasses a specific vocalization used to deter someone from taking something, akin to a 'shoo' sound.

This root relates to the concept of deterring, restraining, or preventing something. It specifically refers to someone who acts as a deterrent or a preventer, often in the context of stopping enemies or negative actions.

This root primarily relates to the concept of height, elevation, and reaching maturity. It describes physical elevation like hills and mountains, as well as the age of adolescence and early adulthood. It also extends to abstract concepts of superiority and prominence.

This root primarily concerns the ripening and readiness of fruit, extending to the concept of maturity and redness in various things. It also encompasses specific types of precious stones and a historical figure.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a 'spring' or 'fountain' of water, and by extension, a 'source' or 'essence' of something. It can also refer to a specific geographical location, often a spring or a settlement near one.