Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root appears to describe something formidable, dangerous, or difficult. It can refer to a cunning person, a supernatural entity, or a harsh period of time. It also describes a specific condition of an old camel.

This root primarily denotes a type of plant, but extends to describe things that are large, strong, or substantial. It can refer to robust animals, men, weapons, and even a deep well, emphasizing a sense of maturity, power, or abundance.

This root appears to describe someone who is arrogant or haughty. The primary derived term points to an individual exhibiting excessive pride and self-importance.

This root describes physical characteristics, primarily focusing on large or exaggerated features such as a wide throat, large belly, and a long nose. It also refers to a specific animal, the wolf, particularly one with a slender snout.

This root primarily describes powerful and formidable animals, specifically lions and strong camels. It also extends to concepts of danger, suspicion, and a female wolf.

This root primarily relates to descriptions of physical states, including leanness, emaciation due to illness, and changes in complexion. It also extends to personal names and tribal affiliations.

This root primarily relates to the concept of 'poison' and its effects, but also extends to meanings of piercing, sealing, mending, and specific natural phenomena or creatures. It encompasses substances that harm, as well as actions of preparation and repair.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to two villages in Egypt. It does not seem to have derived meanings or common usage beyond its geographical reference.

This root primarily deals with the concept of doing something under compulsion or against one's will. It also extends to the idea of following or obeying, often in a reluctant manner.

This root primarily relates to the hump of a camel, but extends to concepts of elevation, height, and fullness. It also encompasses geographical features like hills and elevated land, and metaphorically, the peak or highest part of something.

The root السوم primarily relates to the act of pricing, negotiating, or marking something, often in the context of trade or identification. It extends to meanings of passing by, grazing, assigning a task, and marking or branding.

The root السهم primarily relates to a share, portion, or lot, often associated with destiny or fortune. It extends to physical objects like arrows, measurements, and traps, as well as abstract concepts like heat, change, and facial expressions.

This root primarily concerns the concept of ill omen, misfortune, and bad luck, often contrasted with good fortune or Yemen. It also relates to a specific geographical region, the Levant (Sham), and directions, particularly to the left or north.

This root primarily relates to coldness and its associated sensations, extending to concepts like death and poison due to their chilling effect. It also encompasses terms for a fat cow, a type of plant, and a specific device used for young goats.

This root primarily describes shortness and stinginess, but also refers to a specific location, plants with medicinal properties, and related substances derived from them. It encompasses terms for physical attributes, geographical names, and botanical elements with therapeutic uses.

This root primarily concerns the act of verbal abuse, insult, and revilement. It extends to related concepts like mutual cursing, and also describes negative facial expressions and specific historical or geographical references.

This root primarily relates to concepts of evil, wickedness, and destructive calamities. It can describe people who are cunning and malicious, or it can refer to utter destruction and ruin.

This root appears to describe strong, imposing, or large entities. It is primarily used to denote a lion, but also extends to describe a tall person or the human body/neck, suggesting a connection to physical stature and power.

The root الشحم primarily relates to fat, grease, and richness. It extends to describe things that are fatty, plump, or abundant, including specific types of food, plants, and even abstract concepts like vigor.

This root primarily relates to the concept of decay, corruption, or deterioration, particularly concerning food and organic matter. It also extends to descriptions of things that are spoiled, withered, or have lost their freshness, and can describe a state of being mixed or blended.

This root primarily relates to the jaw, specifically its width or largeness, and by extension, can refer to a lion due to its powerful jaws. It also includes a proper name associated with a specific lineage of camels.

This root appears to relate to sharp, biting, or swift entities. It encompasses substances like salt, venomous creatures such as scorpions and wasps, and predatory animals like wolves, as well as swift and strong female camels.

This root primarily relates to the concept of splitting, tearing, or making an opening. It extends to geographical features like bays or inlets, and also describes physical characteristics such as a cleft nose, and in a more abstract sense, a small amount given or a wound in a target.

This root primarily denotes smallness, scarcity, and fragmentation. It applies to a small group of people, a small piece of something, and also to scattered or broken things, including abstract concepts like fragmented morals.

This root primarily relates to the act of sexual intercourse, often with a connotation of force or aggression. It can also extend to meanings of striking or hitting forcefully.

This root primarily describes something large, robust, and impressive, often applied to animals like camels, horses, and lions, but also to people. It can also refer to eloquence and a specific type of large hedgehog.

This root primarily relates to the concept of reconciliation and mediation between people. It also extends to describing something as long or tall.

This root appears to be primarily used in proper names, specifically personal names and place names. The derived terms refer to individuals and a location associated with historical events.

This root describes something or someone as tall and handsome, or as greedy and eager. It is also used to describe a camel that is abundant in milk.

This root pertains to a specific type of date fruit. It describes the fruit itself and its singular form.

This root primarily relates to concepts of reward, giving, restraint, and biting. It extends to meanings of pride, resolve, covenants, scent, resemblance, disposition, and the physical components of a bridle. It also encompasses states of hunger and emptiness.

This root primarily relates to weeds, specifically darnel, and by extension, sparks or embers. It also encompasses place names, including Jerusalem and a specific marshland.

This root primarily concerns the sense of smell, including the act of smelling, perceiving scents, and the organs involved. It extends to related concepts like fragrance, sniffing, and even metaphorical senses of perception and awareness. Additionally, it encompasses physical attributes like elevation and a specific type of melon.

This root primarily concerns the act of scratching, cutting, or tearing, particularly the skin or ears. It also extends to the idea of something being torn or mutilated, and metaphorically, to something being quickly uttered or spoken.

This root appears to be primarily used to denote a specific proper name, likely of a person. It does not seem to have broader semantic applications beyond this specific naming context.

This root primarily describes the state of being fat or corpulent. It encompasses adjectives and nouns related to physical bulk and heaviness, often implying a robust or well-fed appearance.

This root appears to describe something that is long or tall. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote a tall person or object.

This root appears to relate to the concept of scarcity or being few in number. It describes a state of being limited or not abundant.

This root primarily describes intelligence, keenness, and alertness, often associated with a sharp mind or quick understanding. It also extends to qualities of strength, speed, and leadership, as well as specific objects and creatures.

This entry discusses the plant known as basil, providing its Arabic name and an alternative pronunciation.

This root primarily concerns natural disposition, appearance, and markings. It extends to concepts of resemblance, signs on the body or land, and actions related to concealment, drawing, or striking. It also encompasses terms for specific types of land and geographical locations.

This root primarily relates to the concept of intense thirst and the act of drinking to quench it. It also extends to the idea of guiding or leading someone to a place, possibly implying a guiding towards relief or a destination.

This root primarily describes something that is thick, strong, or complete. It extends to concepts of advanced age, solid objects like rocks, and also refers to a type of enclosed space or a swift, strong run.

This root primarily describes shades of color, particularly dark or dusky hues, often mixed with other colors like yellow, gray, or red. It also extends to describe the state of plants and land, indicating maturity, wilting, or a change in vegetation, and can refer to specific individuals or plants.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being affected by the sun, specifically its scorching or burning effect. It also describes a type of land characterized by a mix of terrain.

This root primarily concerns the concept of forceful impact, collision, or striking one thing against another. It extends to the idea of encountering something suddenly, a sudden jolt, and can also refer to specific ailments or anatomical features.

This root is a variant spelling of سذوم, referring to a type of judgment or decree. It is specifically noted that the form with 'ص' is used, not with 'د'.