Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily denotes intense darkness or obscurity. It can also extend to concepts of being hidden or concealed, often in a negative or unpleasant context.

This root primarily deals with concepts of coarseness, ugliness, and poor quality, extending to descriptions of ill temper and the wearing of excessive clothing. It also encompasses terms for rugs, mats, and coarse fabrics.

This root primarily relates to the moon, beauty, and adornment. It also encompasses concepts of sustenance, medicine, and specific places or individuals associated with beauty and elegance.

This root entry pertains to a place name in Egypt. It also includes a nisba (a surname indicating origin or affiliation) derived from this place name.

This root primarily describes the act of entering deeply into something, becoming firmly established or immersed. It also conveys the meaning of going away or disappearing, often with a sense of being taken or led away.

This root primarily refers to a large, numerous, and overwhelming military force. It conveys a sense of abundance and multitude, specifically in the context of an army.

This root primarily denotes abundance, multitude, and a large quantity of things. It can refer to a great number of beings, vast amounts of earth or sand, or even the sea. It also encompasses the concept of prolific breeding.

This entry pertains to a proper name, 'Abdūs'. It is suggested that the 'sīn' (س) in this name might be an extra letter, implying it's not part of the original root structure.

This root primarily relates to frowning, grimacing, and a stern or unpleasant disposition. It extends to descriptions of camels, specific objects like swords, and geographical locations, often metaphorically linked to unpleasantness or sternness.

This root primarily describes small creatures and negative or specific human characteristics. It also extends to concepts of remnants and lineage, with a specific tribal attribution.

This root appears to be primarily used as a proper noun, specifically a genealogical name. It does not seem to have broader semantic applications or derived forms commonly found in classical Arabic lexicography.

This root describes beings and things characterized by robustness, heaviness, and imposing stature. It encompasses physical attributes like being stout, large-bodied, and thick-limbed, as well as powerful animals like lions and roosters. It also extends to abstract concepts like severity and harshness in actions.

This root primarily relates to concepts of holding, restraining, and the middle or later parts of something, particularly time. It extends to descriptions of heavy rain, difficult terrain, and certain types of movement or gait.

This root pertains to the concept of largeness, robustness, and solidity, primarily applied to camels. It also extends to describe beetles, possibly due to their hard exoskeletons.

This root describes something or someone that is strong, robust, and well-built, particularly in terms of physical constitution. It can refer to animals, especially camels, and also to people, denoting a sturdy or even rough disposition.

The root 'عدس' primarily relates to concepts of movement, sustenance, and hardship. It encompasses actions like going, grazing livestock, and enduring difficult labor. It also denotes specific items like lentils, bodily afflictions, and names of people and tribes.

This root pertains to dry, abundant herbage or fodder in a location. It describes a state of plentiful, withered vegetation.

This root pertains to a level, even stretch of land suitable for resting or camping. It specifically describes a terrain that is flat and easy to traverse, implying a place where one might halt their journey.

This root primarily describes intensity, strength, and abundance, particularly concerning camels, floods, and lions. It also extends to physical actions like striking down and anatomical terms for bone joints.

This root primarily relates to marriage, weddings, and the associated celebrations and people. It extends to concepts of dwelling, resting, and even specific locations and animals, often with a classical or specialized usage.

This root describes the act of withdrawing from a group or conflict, often implying a sense of submission or yielding. It can also refer to a specific action of sneezing.

This root appears to describe strong, enduring, or large entities, particularly camels and lions. It also touches upon the concept of endurance in difficult journeys.

This root primarily relates to the concept of gathering, accumulating, or piling things up. It can also describe something becoming intense or dark, particularly in the context of hair color.

This root primarily describes hardness, solidity, and strength, particularly in relation to rocks, animals, and physical constitution. It can also refer to a person who is quick and elegant.

This root primarily refers to a type of bird, specifically one that is elusive and flies up suddenly. It also extends to geographical features like the nose of a mountain and a place where cotton is processed.

This root primarily concerns nocturnal movement, stealth, and observation, often associated with vigilance or suspicion. It extends to concepts of scarcity, slowness, and undesirable qualities, particularly in animals and people. It also encompasses terms for specific objects and places.

This root appears to refer to a specific type of plant resembling bamboo, possibly with a geographical or religious connotation. It might also relate to a term used in a specific context, possibly religious or geographical.

This root primarily describes cold, watery, or icy phenomena, extending to include certain types of plants and wild animals. It encompasses concepts related to coldness, water, and specific flora and fauna associated with such environments.

This root appears to be related to a specific, possibly rare, word found in classical poetry. Its exact meaning and derivation are unclear, with lexicographers noting its presence in a specific poetic line but lacking further explanation or corroboration.

This root primarily relates to the act of sneezing. It extends to encompass death, the morning's breaking, and specific animals or omens associated with sneezing or a snubbed nose.

This root primarily describes something that is long or tall. It is often used as an adjective to denote physical stature.

This root primarily describes something complete, perfect, or fully formed, particularly in relation to animals (camels) and women. It extends to concepts of beauty, maturity, and sometimes advanced age or barrenness.

This root primarily relates to the lion, with derived terms describing its strength and ferocity. It also extends to terms for a strong-necked camel and a specific historical figure.

This root primarily relates to concepts of confinement, degradation, and forceful physical interaction. It encompasses actions like restraining, pressing down, and struggling, as well as states of disarray and corruption.

This root describes someone with a difficult, unpleasant, or mean disposition. It specifically refers to a person whose character has deteriorated from good to bad.

This root appears to describe negative character traits and difficult, troublesome situations. It encompasses terms for bad temper, ill-mannered behavior, and severe adversities or calamities.

This root appears to be primarily associated with a specific place name or entity in Yemen. The derived terms likely refer to this location or things associated with it.

This root appears to relate to a type of beetle or insect, possibly with connotations of being small, crawling, or insignificant. It may also extend to terms for certain plants or obscure objects.

This root relates to the concept of abundance, particularly concerning a large number of camels, and also describes a state of being piled up or crowded together.

This root primarily deals with the concept of inversion, reversal, and opposition. It extends to meanings of twisting, entanglement, and even specific culinary or descriptive terms related to these core ideas.

This root appears to relate to darkness and abundance, particularly in the context of night and large numbers of animals.

This root appears to describe something that is solid, strong, and intense. It is associated with magnificence and a powerful, fierce lion.

This root primarily relates to small, often edible, entities and the act of tasting or experiencing them. It encompasses various types of insects, plants, and food items, as well as the intensity of experiences like illness or hardship.

This root appears to describe something that is smooth and shining. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote a polished or lustrous quality.

This root primarily describes exceptional female camels and, secondarily, a tall man. It also encompasses a specific type of running.

This root describes something large, robust, and impressive, often applied to female camels or women. It can also denote excessive eating or a large, bald head.

This root appears to describe things that are abundant, gathered, accumulated, or intensely dark and dense. It also relates to a specific type of person from Yemen and a state of hesitation or being stuck.

This root pertains to the act of engaging with something intensely and rigorously. It describes a process of thorough practice, manipulation, or handling, often implying a significant effort or deep involvement.

This root describes qualities of strength, intensity, and speed, primarily applied to men, but also to animals, actions, and time. It can also denote a specific type of sheep and a young boy.

This root primarily denotes intensity, severity, and darkness, often applied to warfare, difficult situations, and the night. It also extends to concepts of concealment, deception, and feigning ignorance.