Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

كَذَّابَةٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A piece of cloth that is dyed of various colours, or figured, as though it were embroidered, and stuck to the ceiling of a chamber: so called because one would imagine that it [meaning what is figured] is upon the ceiling, whereas it is upon a piece of cloth beneath the ceiling. (A, L.)

كَاذِبٌ ذ and ↓ كَذَّابٌ (fem. with ة, TA,) and ↓ كَذُوبٌ and ↓ كُذَبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَذُوبَةٌ and ↓ تِكِذَّابٌ (like تِصِدَّاقٌ, TA) and ↓ كَذْبَانٌ (K) and ↓ كَيْذُبَانٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَيْذَبَانٌ (Az, K) and ↓ مَكْذَبَانٌ and ↓ مَكْذَبَانَةٌ and ↓ كُذُبْذُبٌ and ↓ كُذُّبْذُبٌ (S, K; neither of which last two words has its like in measure, IJ) and ↓ كُذُبْذُبَانٌ (K) epithets, applied to a man, from كَذَبَ “ he lied, &c.: ” (S, K, &c.:) [the first word a simple epithet, signifying Lying, &c.; or a liar: each of the others an intensive epithet, signifying Lying, &c., much; mendacious; or a great, or habitual, liar ]. Pl. of the first word [كَاذِبُونَ and] كُذَّبٌ; and of the third, كُذُبٌ: (S:) or, accord. to some, the last is pl. of كَاذِبٌ, contr. to analogy; or pl. of كِذَابٌ, which is an inf. n. used as an intensive epithet. (MF.) ― -b2- See كَذِبٌ ― -b3- نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ, [in the Kur xcvi. 16,] signifies ناصيةٍ كاذبةٍ صَاحِبُهَا [ By ] a forelock whose owner is a liar. (TA.) ― -b4- Of the same kind is the expression ↓ رُؤْيَا كَذُوبٌ, meaning رؤيا صَاحِبُهَا كَاذِبٌ [ A dream whereof the dreamer finds it to be false, or vain; i. e. a false, or vain, dream ]. (TA.) [See also a verse cited voce خَيَالٌ.] ― -b5- قَدْ يَصْدُقُ ↓ اـِنَّ الكَذُوبَ [ Verily the habitual liar in some few instances speaks truth ]. A proverb. (TA.) ― -b6- نَاقَةٌ كَاذِبٌ, and ↓ مُكَذِّبٌ, (tropical:) A she-camel that, being covered by the stallion, raises her tail, and then returns without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) ― -b7- حَمْلَةٌ كَاذِبَةٌ, and ↓ مَكْذُوبَةٌ [لَهَا? (see مَصْدُوقَةٌ),] (tropical:) A charge that is followed up with cowardice and retreating. (TA.) -A2- الكَذَّابَانِ An epithet applied to Museylimeh El-Hanafee and El-Aswad El-'Ansee. (K.) [Each of them is called الكذّاب.]

أَكْذَبُ ذ [ More and most, lying, or mendacious ]: see an ex. voce سُهَيْلَة.

أُكْذُوبَةٌ ذ : see كَذِبٌ.

تَكْذَابٌ ذ and تَكَاذِيبُ: see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذَبَةٌ ذ : see كَذِبٌ.

مُكْذُبَةٌ ذ : see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذُوبٌ ذ : see كَذِبٌ ― -b2- [One to whom a lie, falsehood, or untruth, is told: see كُذِبَ.] Ex. كُلُّ ا@مْرِئٍ بِطَوَالِ العَيْشِ مَكْذُوبُ Every man, in respect of the length of life, is lied to [by his own soul]. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) ― -b3- قَوْلٌ مَكْذُوبٌ [originally مَكْذُوبٌ فِيهِ] A false saying, or lie; [lit.] a saying in which a falsehood, or lie, is told. (M, TA, voce مَقْتُوتٌ.)

مَكْذُوبَةٌ ذ : see كَذِبٌ. -A2- A weak woman. (IAar, K.) ― -b2- A virtuous woman. (TA.)

مَكَاذِبُ ذ [signifying lies, falsehoods, or untruths, ] is said to be a word that has no proper sing.: or it is pl. of كَذِبٌ, contr. to analogy: or its sing. is مَكْذَبٌ: like as is said of مَحَاسِنُ and مَذَاكِرُ &c. (MF.)

1 كَرV3َ [كَرَّ, i. e.] كَرَّ بِنَفْسِهِ, as distinguished from the trans. كَرَّ, [aor. كَرُ3َ ,] (S, Mgh,) inf. n. كرٌّ, (S,) or كُرُورٌ, (Mgh,) [or both,] He returned. (S, Mgh.) You say كَرَّ عَلَيْهِ, (A, K,) aor, كَرُ3َ , (TA,) inf. n. كَرٌّ and كُرُورٌ and تَكْرَارٌ (A, K) and كَرِيرٌ, (CK,) He turned to, or against, him, or it: (A, K:) he returned to or against, it: (TA:) the primary signification is the turning to, or against, a thing, either in person, or in act. (El-Basáïr.) And اِنْهَزَمَ ثُمَّ كَرَّ عَلَيْهِ [ He was put to flight: then he returned, or turned back, against him ]. (A.) And كَرَّ الفَارِسُ, aor. كَرُ3َ , inf. n. كَرٌّ, The horseman [ wheeled round, or about, or] fled, to wheel round, or about, and then returned to the fight: (Msb:) [or returned to the fight after wheeling round, or about, or retiring, or being put to flight; as is implied in the phrase next preceding, from the A, and in many other examples: and simply, he charged, or assaulted: opposed to فَرَّ: see كَرَّةٌ, below.] You say also الجَوَادُ يَصْلُحُ لِلْكَرِّ وَا@لْفَرِّ [ The courser is suitable, or fit, for returning to the fight, or for charging, or assaulting, and fleeing ]. (Msb.) [And كَرَّ signifies He, or it, returned time after time. ] You say أَفْنَاهُ كَرُّ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ The returning of night and day time after time caused him to come to an end. (Msb.) Also كَرَّ عَنْهُ He returned from him, or it. (A, K.) And عَنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ تَكَرْكَرَ He returned from that. (TA.) -A2- كَرَّ is also trans., as well as intrans.; (S,) TA;) كَرَّهُ, (aor. كَرُ3َ , TA,) inf. n. كَرٌّ, signifying He made, or caused, him, or it, to return: (S, Mgh, TA:) and [in like manner,] عَنْ ↓ كَرْكَرَهُ كَذَا, inf. n. كَرْكَرَةٌ, he made him to return, or revert, from such a thing. (TA.) You say كَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رُمْحَهُ, and فَرَسَهُ, inf. n. كَرٌّ, [ He turned back his spear, and his horse, against him ]. (A.) -A3- كَرَّ, aor. كَرِ3َ , (S, K,) and [see. pers. كَرِرْتَ,] aor. كَرَ3َ , (K,) inf. n. كَرِيرٌ, (S, A, * K, * TA,) He uttered a sound like that of one throttled, or strangled: (S, K:) or like that of one harassed, or fatigued, or overburdened: (TA:) or he rattled in his throat (حَشُرَجَ) in dying: (AZ, S:) or he made a sound in his breast like حَشْرَجَةٌ [or rattling in the throat in dying ], (A, TA) but not the same as this latter: and thus do horses, in their breasts. (TA.) [See شَخَرَ.] ― -b2- Also, He (a sick man) gave up his spirit, at death. (TA.) ― -b3- See also كَرِيرٌ, below.

2 كرّرهُ ذ , inf. n. تَكْرِيرٌ (S, Msb, K) and تَكْرَارٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) or, as AA said to Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, in reply to a question respecting the difference between the measures تَفْعَالٌ and تِفْعَالٌ, the latter is a simple subst., and the former, with fet-h, is an inf. n., (S, TA,) [but there are two inf. ns. of the measure تِفْعَالٌ, both of unaugmented verbs, namely تِبْيَانٌ and تِلْقَاآءٌ,] and تَكِرَّةٌ, (Ibn-Buzurj, K,) [ He repeated it, or reiterated it, either once or more than once: ] he repeated it several times; reiterated it: (Msb:) or he repeated it one time after another; (K;) which may mean he tripled it, unless the “ other ” time be not reckoned as a repetition; (TA;) as also ↓ كَرْكَرَهُ; (K; [in the CK, كَرْكَرَةً is put by mistake for كَرْكَرَهُ;]) either by act or by speech: (MF:) it differs from أَعَادَهُ, which signifies only “ he repeated it once; ” for none but the vulgar say أَعَادَهُ مَرَّاتٍ; whereas كَرَّرَهُ may signify [not only the same as أَعَادَهُ, as it does in many instances, but also] he repeated it time after time: (Aboo-Hilál El-'Askeree:) some explain كَرَّرَهُ as signifying he mentioned it twice, and he mentioned it one time after another: (Sadr-ed-Deen Zádeh:) when it is used in the former of these two senses, the term تَكْرَارٌ applies to the second, and to the first [with respect to the second]: ('Ináyeh, in the early part of chap. ii.; and TA:) but its explanation as signifying the mentioning a thing one time after another is a conventional rendering of the rhetoricians: (MF:) Es-Suyootee says, that تَكْرَارٌ signifies the renewing the first word or phrase; and it denotes a sort of تَأْكِيد [or corroboration]: but it is said to be a condition of تأكيد that the words or phrases [which are repeated] be without interruption, and occur not more than three times; and that تكرار differs from it in both these particulars; so that the phrase in the Kur, [chap. lv.,] فَبِأَىِّ اآلَاآءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ is an instance of تكرار, not of تأكيد, because it occurs [with interruptions and] more than three times; and so another phrase in the Kur, [chap. lxxvii.,] وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ. (TA.) You say كَرَّر عَلَى سَمْعِهِ كَذَا [ He repeated, or reiterated, such a thing, or saying, to his ear, or ears, or hearing ]. (A.)

5 تكرّر ذ [ It became repeated, or reiterated: and it recurred ]. You say تكرّر عَلَيْهِ [ It (a saying) became repeated, or reiterated, to him ]. (A.)

R. Q. 1 كَرْكَرَهُ ذ : see 1: and 2.

R. Q. 2 تَكَرْكَرَ ذ : see 1.

كَرٌّ ذ A rope [ made in the form of a hoop ] by means of which one ascends a palm-tree; (S, K;) accord. to A'Obeyd, a name not applied to any other rope; and so, says Az, I have heard from the Arabs; it is made of the best of [ the fibres of the palm-tree called ] لِيف: (TA:) or a thick rope; (K;) accord. to AO, made of لِيف, and of the outer covering (قِشْر) of the [ portions of the racemes of the palm-tree called ] عَرَجِين and of the [ portion of the branch called ] عَسِيب: (TA:) or a rope, in general: (Th, K:) and the rope [or sheet ] of a sail: (S:) or the rope of a ship: or the rope by which a ship is drawn: (TA:) and a قَيْد [or pair of shackles, or hobbles, ] made of لِيف or of palm-leaves: (K:) pl. كُرُورٌ. (S, TA.) -A2- The thing that connects the [ two pieces of wood called ] ظَلِفَتَانِ of the [ kind of camel's saddle called ] رَحْل, (S, K,) and that enters [or is inserted ] into them: (S:) [See شَجْرٌ and شَخْرٌ:] or the skin, or leather, into which the ظَلِفَات of the رَحْل enter; occupying the same place in the رَحْل as the بِدَادَانِ have in the قَتَب, excepting that the بدادان do not appear before the ظَلِفَة: (TA:) pl. أَكْرَارٌ. (S, TA.)

كُرٌّ ذ A certain measure of capacity, (Mgh, Msb, K,) of the people of El-'Irák, (Mgh, K,) for wheat; (S;) well known; (Msb;) consisting of six ass-loads, (K,) that is, sixty times the quantity called قَفِيز, (Az, Mgh, Msb, K,) accord. to the people of El-'Irák, (TA,) the قفيز being eight مَكَاكِيك, [in the TA, six, but this is a mistake,] and the مَكُّوك being a صَاع and a half, which is three كِيلَجَات; so that the كُرّ, accord. to this reckoning, is twelve times the quantity called وَسْق, (Az, Mgh, Msb,) each وسق being sixty times the quantity called صاع: (Az, Mgh:) in the Kitáb Kudámeh, it is said that the كُرّ called المُعَدَّلُ is sixty times the quantity called قفيز, and the قفيز is ten أَعْشِرَاآء: and the كُرّ called القَنْقَلُ is twice the quantity of the كُرّ مُعَدَّل, that is, by the قفيز of the معدّل, a hundred and twenty times the quantity of the قفيز; with this كرّ are measured unripe dates and dried dates and also olives, in the districts of El-Basrah; and the قفيز used for measuring dates is twenty-five times the رِطْل of Baghdád; so that the كُرُّ القَنْقَلِ is three thousand times as much as the رطل: and the كُرّ called الهَاشِمِىُّ is the third part of the معدّل, that is, twenty times as much as the قفيز, by the measure of the معدّل; with this كُرّ, rice is measured: and the كُرّ called الهَارُونِىُّ is equal to them two [but what these two are is not shown]: and the أَهْوَازِىّ is equal to them two: and the مَخْتُوم is sixth part of the قفيز: and the قفيز is the tenth part of the جَرِيب: (Mgh:) or the كُرّ is forty times as much as the quantity called اـِرْدَبّ; (K;) by the reckoning of the people of Egypt, as ISd says: (TA:) the pl. is اـِكرَار. (S, Msb.) [It is app. connected with the Hebrew כֹּר , whence the Greek ko/ros (a measure containing, accord. to Josephus, six Attic medimni,) occurring in Luke xvi. 7.]

كَرَّةٌ ذ A return. (Msb.) So in the Kur, [ii. 162,] لَوْ أَنَّ لَنَا كَرَّةً [ Would that there were for us ] a return to the world, or former state. And so in xxvi. 102, and xxxix. 59. (Jel.) And so in the saying of Mohammad, اللّٰهَ اللّٰهَ وَا@لْكَرَّةَ عَلَى نَبِيِّكُمْ Fear ye God, [ fear ye God, ] and return to your prophet. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence, The return to life; ] the resurrection; the renewal of mankind, or of the creation, after perishing. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also, A return to the fight, after wheeling away, or retiring: and simply,] a charge, or an assault, (Mgh, K,) in war; (TA;) as also ↓ كُرَّى: (Sgh, K:) pl. كَرَّاتٌ. (K.) ― -b4- [Hence also,] A time; one time; [ in the sense of the French “ fois ”; generally repeated, or used in the pl. form, so as to denote a returning to an action, once, or more; i. e., repetition, or reiteration, thereof, agreeably with the primary signification;] syn. مَرَّةٌ: (S, K:) pl. as above. (S.) You say فَعَلَهُ كَرَّةً بَعْدَ كَرَّةٍ [ He did it time after time ]. And فَعَلَهُ كَرَّاتٍ [ He did it several times ]. (A.) ― -b5- [Hence also,] A turn to prevail against an opposing party; victory. So in the Kur, [xvii. 6,] ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَا لَكُمُ الكَرَّةَ عَلَيْهِمْ [ Then we gave to you the turn to prevail against them; the victory over them ]. (Bd, Jel.)

كُرَّى ذ : see كَرَّةٌ.

كَرِيرٌ ذ , an inf. n.: see 1. ― -b2- Also, A hoarseness or roughness of the voice, occasioned by dust. (K.)

كَرَّارٌ ذ : see مِكَرٌّ.

كِرْكِرَةٌ ذ The callosity, or callous protuberance, upon the breast of the camel, (رَحَى زَوْرِ البَعِيرِ, S, K,) which, when the animal lies down, touches [ and rests ] upon the ground, projecting from his body, like a cake of bread; (TA;) it is one of the five ثَفِنَات [ of which there is one at each knee and one at each stifle-joint ]: (S, TA:) or the breast of any animal of which the foot is of the kind called خُفّ: (K:) pl. كَرَاكِرُ. (TA.) حَزُّ الكَرَاكِرِ [lit. The incision of the كراكر] is when a camel has a disease, so that he is not even when he lies down upon his breast; in consequence of which, a vein is gently drawn forth from the كركرة, and then he [or it] is cauterized. Hence the following, in a trad. of Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr: عَطَاؤُكُمُ لِلضَّارِبِينَ رِقَابَكُمْ وَنُدْعَى اـِذَا مَا كَانَ حَزُّ ا@لْكَرَاكِرِ [ Your bounty is for those who smite your necks, and we are invited when there is a difficult undertaking to be accomplished, like the incision of the كراكر:] meaning, ye invite us only when ye are distressed, because of our skill in war; and on occasions of bounty, and ampleness of the means or circumstances of life, others. (IAth.)

مَكَرٌّ ذ A place of war or fighting [ where the combatants return time after time to the conflict, wheeling away and then turning back ]. (S)

مِكَرٌّ ذ One who returns often [ to the fight, after wheeling away, or retiring, or being put to flight ]; as also ↓ كَرَّارٌ. (K) ― -b2- فَرَسٌ مِكَرٌّ A horse that is suitable, or fit, for returning to the fight, and for charging, or assaulting. (S.) And فَرَسٌ مِكَرٌّ مِفَرٌّ A horse well trained, willing, and active, ready to return to the fight and to flee. (TA.) ― -b3- نَاقَةٌ مِكَرَّةٌ A she-camel that is milked twice every day. (A, Sgh, K.)

مُكَرَّرٌ ذ [ Repeated; reiterated ]. ― -b2- المُكَرَّرُ The letter ر: (K:) because of the faltering of the tip of the tongue which is observable when one pauses after uttering it, occasioned by the reiteration with which that is done; wherefore, with respect to اـِمَالَة, [as an obstacle thereto,] it is reckoned as two letters. (TA.) ― -b3- [مُكَرَّرٌ, in the present day, also signifies Refined, as an epithet applied to sugar, &c.]

1 كَرَبَ ذ , aor. كَرُبَ , inf. n. كُرُوبٌ, It was, or became, near; drew near; approached. (S, K.) [Compare قَرُبَ.] ― -b2- [You say] كَرَبَ أَنْ يَكُونَ, and كَرَبَ يَكُونُ, He, or it, was near, or nigh, to being ― -b3- . (TA.) This is one of the verbs to which one does not give as its enunciative the act. part. n. of the verb which is its proper enunciative: [so that] you do not say, كَرَبَ كَائِنًا: [in which كَرَبَ implies the pron. هُوَ, which is called its noun; and كائنا is put for يَكُونُ, or أَنْ يَكُونَ, its proper enunciative]. (Sb.) كَرَبَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا He was near, or nigh, to doing so; he well nigh, or almost, did so. (S, K.) ― -b4- كَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ The sun was, or became, near to setting. (S, K.) ― -b5- كربت الجَارِيَةُ ان تُدْرِكَ The girl was near to coming of age. (TA.) ― -b6- كَرَبَتْ حَيَاةُ النَّارِ The fire was near to becoming extinguished. (S, K.) -A2- كَرَبَ He bound near together the two pasterns of an ass or of a camel with a rope or with shackles. (TA.) ― -b2- كَرَبَ القَيْدَ He straitened, or made narrow, the shackle, or shackles, (S, K, TA,) upon the [ animal ] shackled. (S, K.) 'Abd-Allah Ibn- 'Anameh Ed-Dabbee says, أَزْجُرْ حِمَارَكَ لَا يَرْتَعْ بِرَوْضَتِنَا اـِذًا يُرَدَّ وَقَيْدُ العَيْرِ مَكْرُوبُ [ Check thine ass: let him not pasture at large in our meadow: in that case he will be sent back with the ass's shackles straitened ]: (S:) meaning Do not venture to revile us; for we are able to shackle this ass, and to prevent his acting as he pleaseth. (L.) See Ham, p. 290. ― -b3- كَرَبَ, aor. كَرُبَ , He loaded a she-camel. (S, K.) -A3- كَرَبَهُ, (aor. كَرُبَ , inf. n. كَرْبٌ, TA,) It (sorrow, grief, &c., S, K, or an affair, Msb, TA) afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, him, (S, Msb, K,) so that it filled his heart with rage. (Msb.) See also 8. -A4- كَرَبَ الدَّلْوَ, aor. كَرُبَ , (inf. n. كَرْبٌ, TA,) and ↓ كرّبها, (K,) and ↓ اكربها, (S, K,) He put or attached, a كَرَب to the bucket. (S, K.) ― -b2- كَرِبَ, aor. كَرَبَ , The rope called كَرَب of his bucket broke. (K.) كَرَبَ, aor. كَرُبَ ; and ↓ كرّب; explained by the words طَقْطَقَ الكَرِيبَ لِخَشَبَةِ الخَبَّازِ [app. meaning, He caused the كريب (a baker's wooden implement) to make a sound, or a reiterated sound, such as is termed طَقْطَقَة]. (K.) -A5- كَرَبَ; (accord. to the K;) or ↓ كرّب, inf. n. تَكْرِيبٌ; (accord. to IM;) He sowed land such as is called كَرِيبٌ. (K.) ― -b2- كَرَبَ الأَرْضَ, aor. كَرُبَ , inf. n. كَرْبٌ and كِرَابٌ, He turned over the ground for sowing, (K,) or for cultivating. (S, Msb.) -A6- كَرَبَ, aor. كَرُبَ , He took the كَرَب (or lower parts, or ends, of the branches ) from the palm-trees. (IAar, K.) He lopped a palmtree. (Msb.) -A7- كَرَبَ, aor. كَرُبَ ; and ↓ كرّب; He ate the dates called كُرَابَة. (K.) -A8- كَرَبَ, aor. كَرُبَ , inf. n. كَرْبٌ, He twisted [a rope &c.] (قُتَلَ: accord. to some copies of the K) or he slew (قَتَلَ: accord to other copies of the same).

2 كَرَّبَ كرّب: see 1 in four places.

3 كاربه ذ i. q. قاربه, He, or it, approached, or was or became near to, him, or it. (K.) The ك is substituted for ق. (TA.)

4 أَكربهُ ذ [ He, or it, affected him with كَرْب, i. e. sorrow, grief, distress, or affliction: occurring in the TA in several places.] -A2- اكرب, inf. n. اـِكْرَابٌ, He filled (K) a skin. (TA.) ― -b2- اكرب الاـِنَاءَ He nearly filled the vessel: [as also اقربه]. (TA.) ― -b3- See 1. -A3- اكرب, inf. n. اـِكْرَابٌ, (tropical:) He hastened, or sped: (S, K:) he ran, in the manner termed اـِحْضَار and عَدْو. (AZ.) You say, خُذْ رِجْلَيْكَ بِاـِكْرَابٍ [ Take up thy feet with speed, ] when you order one to hasten in his pace. (S.) In this sense, أَكْرَبَ is said of a man, but seldom; and of a horse, or other animal that runs. (Lth, Lh.)

5 تكرّب ذ He picked the dates called كُرَابَة (K) from among the roots of the branches (TA) [ after the racemes of fruit had been cut off ]; and تكرّب النَّخْلَةَ he picked the dates that were among the roots of the branches of the palm-tree, as also تَخَلَّلَهَا. (AHn, TA in art. خل.)

8 اكترب ذ He became afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, &c., (K,) or by an affair (TA) so also ↓ كَرِبَ, aor. كَرَبَ . (TA.)

كَرْبٌ ذ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.] ― -b2- [You say] هٰذَهِ اـِبِلٌ مِائَةٌ أَوْ كَرْبُهَا (this is the right reading; and some say that ↓ كُرْبُهَا is correct: TA: [the latter is the reading in the CK:]) There are a hundred camels, or about that number; or nearly so. (K.) كرب is syn. with قُرْبٌ. (L.) -A2- كَرْبٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ كُرْبَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) Grief [or distress, that affects the breath or respiration, [lit.] that takes away the breath: (S, O, and so accord. to some copies of the K, [agreeably with present usage, see بَهْرٌ, last sentence:]) or the soul: (so [erroneously] accord. to some copies of the K) or anxiety, solicitude, or disquietude of the mind: (Msb:) [or grief, or anxiety, that presses heavily upon the heart: ] or both signify anxiety, grief, or intense grief: (MA:) pl. of the former كُرُوبٌ, (K,) and of the latter كُرَبٌ. (Msb.)

كُرْبٌ ذ : see كَرْبٌ.

كَرَبٌ ذ The rope that is tied to the bucket after the مَنِين, which is the first [or main ] rope, so that it ( the كرب) remains if the منين break: or the rope that is tied to the middle of the cross-bars of the bucket, ( and is then doubled, and then trebled, S,) so as to be that which is next the water, in order that the great rope may not rot: (S, K:) but in a marginal note in a copy of the S, it is said that this latter explanation properly applies to the دَرَك; not to the كرب: (IM:) pl. أَكْرَابٌ. (TA.) -A2- كَرَبٌ [coll. gen. n.] The lower parts, or ends, of palm-branches, (S, K,) which are thick and broad, (K,) like shoulderblades: (S:) or the stumps of the branches, or what remain upon the palm-tree, of the lower parts, or ends, of the branches, after the lopping, like steps: n. un. with ة. (TA.) Hence the proverb, مَتَى كَانَ حُكْمُ اللّٰهِ فِى كَرَبِ النَّخْلِ [ When was the wisdom of God in the stumps, or lower ends, of palm-branches? ] (S.) Said by Jereer, in reply to Es-Salatán El-'Abdee, who had pronounced El-Ferezdak superior to Jereer in point of lineage, and Jereer superior to ElFerezdak as a poet. IB denies it to be a proverb; but IM contends against him that it is, [The meaning is, When was God's wisdom in husbandmen, and possessors of palm-trees? for the region of Es-Salatán's tribe abounded in palm-trees. The words are applied to a man who provokes another to a contest for excellence, being unworthy of the contest. See Freytag, Arab. Prov., ii. 628.]

كُرْبَةٌ ذ : see كَرْبٌ.

كَرَبَةٌ ذ sing. of كِرَابٌ, which latter signifies The channels in which water flows (S) in a valley: (K:) or the upper parts (صُدُور) of valleys. (AA.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, describing bees, جَوَارِسُهَا تَأْوِى الشُّعُوفَ دَوَائِبًا وَتَنْصَبُّ أَلْهَابًا مَصِيفًا كِرَابُهَا [ The eaters, or feeders, among them, resort to the upper parts of the mountains, busily engaged, and pour down ( into ) ravines with crooked water-channels ]. (S.) [جوارس, شعوف, and مصيف, are explained as above in the TA: and الهاب is said in the S and TA, art. لهب, to be here pl. of لِهْبٌ. In a copy of the S, this last is erroneously written اـِلْهَابًا.] -A2- كَرَبَةٌ (in the TA, written كَرَبٌ,) The piece of wood (زِرّ) in which is inserted the head of a tent-pole. (K.)

كَرْبَانُ ذ A vessel nearly full: (S:) fem. كَرْبَاءُ; pl. كَرْبَى and كِرَابٌ. (TA.) Yaakoob asserts, that the ك in this word is a substitute for the ق in قَرْبَانُ; but ISd denies this. (TA.)

كرابُ اـِنَاءٍ ذ [app. كِرَاب or كُرَاب] What is less than جُمَامُ اـِنَاوِ; [i. e., what is nearly equal to the full, or piled-up, contents, or measure, of a vessel ]. (TA.) See قِرَابٌ.

الكِرَابُ عَلَى البَقَرِ ذ [ The turning over of the soil is the work of the oxen ]: a proverb. (S, K.) See art. كِلب: [where other readings, namely الكِرَابَ and الكِلَابَ and الكِلَابُ, are mentioned]. (K.)

كَرِيبٌ ذ i. q. قَرَاحٌ [ Land which has neither water nor trees: or land that is cleared for sowing and planting: pl., app., كِرَابٌ: see an ex. near the end of the first paragraph of art. ختم:] (K:) and جَادِسٌ [ land that is not cultivated nor ploughed ], that has never been sowed. (TA.) See also جَرِيبٌ. -A2- A wooden implement of a baker, or maker of bread, with which he forms the cakes of bread (يُرَغِّفُ). (K.) [In the TA is added “ in the oven ”: but I doubt the propriety of this addition.] -A3- A knot, or joint, (كَعْبٌ), of a reed or cane. (K.) -A4- Accord. to IAar, i. q. شُوبَقٌ, which is the same as فَيْلَكُونٌ. [شوبق is an arabicised word, from the Persian شُوبَجْ, or Jُوبَهْ, both of which signify a rolling-pin, and this meaning is given to شوبق and شوبك in the present day. It should be remarked, however, that كَرْنِيب (with ن), which is probably a corruption of كَرِيبٌ, is a name often given in Egypt, in the present day, to a baker's peel. ] In the L, كريب is explained, as on the authority of Kr, by سَوِيقٌ; but this is probably a mistake for شوبق. (TA.) See مَكْرُوبٌ.

كَرَابَةٌ ذ : see كُرَابَةٌ

كُرَابَةٌ ذ (S, K) and ↓ كَرَابَةٌ (K), but the former is the more approved word, (TA,) Dates that are picked from among the roots of the branches (S, K) after the racemes of fruit have been cut off: (S:) the scattered dates that remain at the roots of the branches: (AHn, TA voce خُلَالَةٌ, which signifies the same:) pl. أَكْرِبَةٌ, in the formation of which, the augmentative letter (meaning the fem. ة, TA,) seems to have been rejected [or disregarded]; for فُعَالَةٌ (this is the right reading; TA; but in some copies of the K we read فُعَالَى, and in others فُعَال;) does not form a pl. on the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ. (K.) ― -b2- AHn says, that in this verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, كَأَنَّمَا مَضْمَضَتْ مِن مَّاءِ أَكْرِبَةٍ عَلَى سَيَابَةِ نَخلٍ دُونَهُ مَلَقُ اكربة signifies Mountain-tops, from which the water of the mountains flows down; and that its pl. is كَرْبَةٌ: but ISd remarks, that this assertion is not valid; because a sing. of such a measure does not form a pl. on the measure أَفْعِلَةٌ. He also says, in one place, that اكربة is [said to be] pl. of كرابة, which signifies “ dates that fall among the roots of the palm-branches; ” but [that] this is a mistake: upon which ISd remarks, In like manner, [this] his saying is in my opinion a mistake. (TA.)

كَرِيبَةٌ ذ A misfortune; a calamity: (S:) or a severe misfortune, or calamity: (K:) pl. كَرَائِبُ. (S.)

الكَرُوبِيُّونَ ذ (K) and الكَرُّوبِيُّونَ, or this latter is a mistake, and الكَرُوبِيَّةُ, (TA,) [Hebr. כְּרֻבִים Cherubim, ] the chiefs, or princes, of the angels; the archangels; (K;) of whom are Jebraeel and Meekáeel and Isráfeel; who are also called المُقَرَّبُونَ, accord. to Abu-l-'Áliyeh: (TA:) the nearest of the angels to the bearers of the throne: so called from كرب as signifying “ nearness ” or the “ being near: ” (L:) or from their firmness, or compactness, of make; [see مُكْرَبٌ] because of their strength, and their patience in worship: or from كَرَبٌ, “ sorrow &c., ” because of their fear and awe of God. (MF.) Sh quotes the following of Umeiyeh: كَرُوبِيَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ رُكُوعٌ وَسُجَّدٌ [ Archangels, among whom are ( some ) that bend down the body, and ( some ) that prostrate themselves ]. (TA.)

مَا بِالدَّارِ كَرَّابٌ ذ There is not any one in the house. (S, K.)

كَارِبٌ ذ [ Becoming near; drawing near; approaching ]: near; nigh. (TA.) ― -b2- 'Abd-Keys Ibn-Khufáf El-Burjumee says, أَبُنَىَّ اـِنَّ أَبَاكَ كَارِبُ يَوْمِهِ فَاـِذَا دُعِيتَ اـِلَى المَكَارِمِ فَا@عْجَلِ [ O my child, verily thy father is near to his day ( of death ): therefore when thou shalt be called to ( the performance of ) generous actions, make haste ]. (S.) -A2- أَمْرٌ كَارِبُ An afflicting, distressing, or oppressive, affair. (TA.)

مُكْرَبٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A joint full of sinews (K.) ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) A hard hoof. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) A firm, or compact, beast of carriage: (S:) a horse of strong and firm make: (AA:) a firm, or compact, (or strongly compacted, TA,) rope, building, joint, or horse: (K:) a strong horse. (ISd.) ― -b4- مُكْرَبُ المَفَاصِلِ, (A,) and المفاصل ↓ مَكْرُوبُ, (Lth,) (tropical:) An animal of firm joints. (Lth, A.) ― -b5- مُكْرَبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) Of firm make. (TA.) -A2- مُكْرَبَاتٌ Camels that are brought to the doors of the tents, or dwellings, in the season of severe cold, in order that they may be warmed by the smoke: (K:) [or] i. q. مُقْرَبَاتٌ: see مُقْرَبٌ. (TA.) -A3- دَلْوٌ مُكْرَبَةٌ A bucket having a كَرَب attached to it. (S.)

مَكْرُوبٌ ذ and ↓ كَرِيبٌ Afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, or anxiety. (K, Msb.) -A2- See also مُكْرَبٌ.

Q. 1 كَرْبَحَ ذ He prostrated another: or, [evidently a mistake for and,] inf. n. كَرْبَحَةٌ, he ran heavily; (K;) as also كَرْمَحَ: (TA:) and he ran at a slower pace than that termed كَرْدَحَةٌ, (K,) or كَرْدَمَةٌ, which is a pace of the ass and mule only. (L.)

كِرْبَاسٌ ذ A coarse garment or pieces of cloth: (Msb:) or coarse garments or pieces of cloth: (S: [but this explanation is omitted in some copies:]) or a garment or piece of cloth of white cotton: (K:) and so كِرْبَاسَةٌ: (TA:) or the latter is a more particular term: (S:) [i. e., the former is a coll. gen. n., and the latter is the n. un.:] a Persian word arabicized; (S, Msb, K;) originally with fet-h, [كَرْبَاس,] altered because of the rareness of the measure فَعْلَالٌ, (K,) in the cases of words not reduplicative: (TA:) [or from כְּרֻבִים , (see Est. i. 6,) whence also كُرْفُسٌ, and κάρπασος , and carbasus:] pl. كَرَابِيسُ. (S, Msb.)