Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

شُفَافَةٌ ذ A portion of water remaining in a vessel; (S, O, K;) and likewise, of milk: (TA:) or the last drop remaining in a vessel: (Ham p. 239:) IAth says that some of the later writers mention it as being with س. (TA.) Dhu-rRummeh uses the phrase الشَّفَا ↓ شُفَافَ, in a verse, as meaning In the remaining portion of the day. (O.)

شَفَّافٌ ذ Extremely [or very ] thin or fine or delicate, so that a thing behind it is visible: (KL:) [ translucent: ] transparent: applied to a gem, or the like; and to a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) [See also شَفٌّ.]

شَفَّانٌ ذ : see شَفِيفٌ, in six places.

شَفْشَافٌ ذ A garment, or piece of cloth, not well or strongly or compactly [ woven or] made. (O, K.) -A2- See also شَفِيفٌ.

شَفَاشِفُ ذ Vehement thirst. (O, K.)

أَشَفُّ ذ [a noun denoting excess]. It is said in a trad. of Ráfi', فَكَانَ الخَلْخَالُ أَشَفَّ مِنْهَا قَلِيلًا, meaning [ And the anklet, or pair of anklets, was ] more than they [ in value or weight ]; (syn. أَفْضَل and أَزْيَد;) i. e. more [in value or weight] than the dirhems. (Mgh.) And one says, فُلَانٌ أَشَفُّ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one is a little greater, or older, (أَكْبَرُ قَلِيلًا,) than such a one. (TA.)

مَشْفُوفٌ ذ is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be like مَجْفُوفٌ [part. n. of جَفَّهُ; i. e. Collected; or collected together and taken away ]. (TA.)

مُشَفْشَفٌ ذ (O, K) and ↓ مُشَفْشِفٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of IAar, (TA,) Slender, shallow, or weak, in intellect, and evil in disposition. (O, K.) And [both words agreeably with different explanations of the verb] One in whom is, (K,) or, accord. to Saad, one who is as though there were in him, (O,) a trembling, and confusion, (O, K,) resulting from jealousy, (K,) or from vehement jealousy, (O,) and solicitous affection, or pity or compassion, for his حُرَم [or wives, or women under covert, and household, (in the CK his حَرَم,)] as though jealousy wasted his heart, and made him lank and lean: or evil in disposition, and very jealous: and ↓ the latter word, solicitously affectionate; or pitying, or compassionating. (TA.)

مُشَفْشِفٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

1 شَفVرَ The primary signification of [the inf. n.] شفر [i. e. شَفْرٌ, of which the verb is app. شَفَرَ,] is The act of cutting, or cutting off; syn. قَطْعٌ. (Ham p. 57.) -A2- شَفَرَهَا, (K,) inf. n. شَفْرٌ, (TA,) He struck her (a woman's) شُفْر (K, TA) in compressing her. (TA.) ― -b2- And شَفَرَ [or app. شَفَرَ اـِنْسَانًا] He annoyed, molested, harmed, or hurt, a man. (IAar, O, TA.) -A3- شَفِرَتْ, aor. شَفَرَ , inf. n. شَفَارَةٌ, She (a woman) was one whose gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتُهَا) soon took place: (K:) or she emitted; [or, app., emitted soon; ] syn. أَنْزَلَتْ. (TA.) -A4- And شَفِرَ, aor. شَفَرَ , It decreased, diminished, or became defective or deficient. (IAar, K.)

2 شفّرها ذ , (K,) inf. n. تَشْفِيرٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) He compressed her (i. e. a woman, Ibn-'Abbád, O) on the شُفْر of her فَرْج. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ― -b2- And شَفَّرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as above, I eradicated, or extirpated, the thing. (TA.) -A2- شفّر المَالُ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The property became little: (O, K:) and went away: (K:) from IAar. (TA.) ― -b2- And شفّر said of a man, He gave little. (Ham p. 242.) ― -b3- And شفّرت الشَّمْسُ (O, K) لِلْغُرُوبِ (O) (assumed tropical:) The sun became near to setting; (O, K;) being likened to a man whose property has become little, and gone away. (TA.) ― -b4- And in like manner, (TA,) شفّر عَلَى أَمْرٍ (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) and لِأَمْرٍ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, on the brink, or verge, of the affair, or event, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.)

4 اشفر ذ is said in the Tekmileh to signify He (a camel) strove, or exerted himself, in running: but perhaps it should be اشغر, mentioned before [in art. شغر]. (TA.)

شَفْرٌ ذ : see the next paragraph, in four places.

شُفْرٌ ذ The place of growth of the eyelash, (Sh, T, S, A, Msb, K,) which is the edge of the eyelid; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ شَفْرٌ (Kr, A, K) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ: (K:) or, accord. to some, this last signifies the upper side of the inner angle of the eye: (TA:) and with the vulgar, the first signifies the eyelash; but this is [said to be] a mistake: (IKt, Msb:) it occurs, however, in this sense, in a trad. of Esh-Shaabee; (IAth, TA;) and in like manner the pl. occurs in another trad.; but the word شَعَر should be considered as understood before it; or what grows is thus called by the name of the places of growth, and the like of this is not rare: (Mgh:) it is of the masc. gender: (Lh, K:) and the pl. is أَشْفَارٌ, (Sb, S, Mgh, Msb,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ مَا بِالدَّارِ شَفْرٌ, (Ks, Fr, T, S, Msb, K,) and شُفْرٌ, (Lh, Msb, K,) but Sh disallows this latter, (TA,) and ↓ شَفْرَةٌ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) (tropical:) There is not in the house any one: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ ↓ مِنْهُمْ شَفْرًا (tropical:) I saw not of them any one: from the شفر of the eye: meaning one having a شفر: (A:) and شفر is also used in this sense without a negation. (TA.) One says likewise, مَا تَرَكَتِ السَّنَةُ ظُفْرًا وَلَا شُفْرًا (tropical:) The year of drought left not anything: and sometimes they said ↓ شَفْرًا, with fet-h, and in this case they said ظَفْرًا, for assimilation. (A.) ― -b2- Also, (S A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) The edge, border, margin, brink, brow, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or side, (A, K,) of anything; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as of a valley and the like, (S,) or as of a river &c.: (Mgh and Msb, in relation to the latter word:) one says, النَّهْرِ ↓ قَعَدُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ, and البِئْرِ, and القَبْرِ, They sat upon the side of the river, and of the well, and of the grave: (A:) and both words signify the side of the upper part of a valley. (K.) ― -b3- And الشُّفْرُ, (K,) or شُفْرُ الفَرْجِ, (Msb,) and شُفْرُ المَرْأَةِ, (TA,) The edge, (Msb, K,) or border, (TA,) of the vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, [meaning, of each of the labia majora, ] of a woman: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. أَشْفَارٌ: (Msb:) the اـِسْكَتَانِ are the two sides [or labia majora] of the vulva of a woman; and the شُفْرَانِ are the two borders of the said اسكتان: (AHeyth, Mgh, TA:) Lth says that the ↓ شَافِرَانِ are [ two parts ] of the pudendum muliebre: (TA:) and شُفْرُ الرَّحِمِ and ↓ شَافِرُهَا signify [in like manner] the edges of the vulva: (S:) and شُفْرَا المَرْأَةِ and ↓ شَافِرَاهَا, the two edges of the رَحِم [or vulva (for الرَّحِم is here used tropically, for الفَرْج, as it is in many other instances,)] of a woman. (TA.)

شِفْرٌ ذ : see شَفْرَةٌ, first sentence.

شَفَرٌ ذ : see سَفَنٌ, first sentence.

شَفِرٌ ذ [an epithet of which the fem. only is mentioned]. شَفِرَةٌ and ↓ شَفِيرَةٌ signify A woman who experiences the gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتَهَا) in her شُفْر; so that she emits (تُنْزِلُ) speedily: or [in the CK “ and ”] who is content with the least of coitus: (K, TA:) contr. of قَعِرَةٌ and قَعِيرَةٌ. (TA.)

شَفْرَةٌ ذ A large knife; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ شِفْرَةٌ, though this is mentioned only by the author of the Mgh; (MF; [but it is not in my copy of the Mgh; and Golius mentions ↓ شُفْرَةٌ as having this signification, on the authority of Meyd;]) or a broad knife: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. شِفَارٌ (Msb, K) and شَفَرَاتٌ (Msb) and [coll. gen. n., of which شِفْرَةٌ is the n. un., or it may be a quasi-pl. n. of شَفْرَةٌ,] ↓ شِفْرٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (Mgh, TA,) (tropical:) A servant; (S, Mgh, TA;) because of his utility. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَصْغَرُ القَوْمِ شَفْرَتُهُمْ (tropical:) The least of the party is their servant. (S, Mgh.) ― -b3- Also A shoemaker's knife. (S, K.) ― -b4- And A piece of iron made broad, and edged, or pointed. (K.) ― -b5- A broad blade: so says the author of the Mgh. (TA. [But not in my copy of the Mgh.]) ― -b6- The edge, or cutting part, (حَدّ,) of a sword: (S, Mgh, K:) or the edge of the cutting part of a sword. (TA. [See ذُبَابٌ.]) The side of a blade: (K:) or each of the two sides thereof. (AHn, TA.) [ Each of the two sharp sides or edges of a spear-head and of an arrow-head. ] ― -b7- See also شُفْرٌ, second sentence.

شُفْرَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

شِفْرَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

[ شَفُورٌ ذ i. q. زُنْبُورٌ The hornet, or hornets. (Golius, on the authority of Meyd.)]

شَفِيرٌ ذ : see شُفْرٌ, in three places. ― -b2- Also The edge of the lip of a camel. (K.) -A2- شَفِيرَةٌ: see شَفِرَةٌ, voce شَفِرٌ.

يَرْبُوعٌ شُفَارِىٌّ ذ A jerboa having hair upon its ears: (S:) or having large ears: or having long ears, and bare toes, [in the CK, for العَارِى البَرَاثِنِ, which is evidently the right reading, we find العالى البراثن,] not quickly overtaken: (K:) it is [ of ] a species of jerboa called ضَأْنُ اليَرَابِيعِ, the fattest and the best, with ears somewhat long: (TA:) or having long legs, and soft and fat flesh: (K:) it is said that it has a nail in the middle of its shank. (TA. [See تَدْمُرِىٌّ.]) ― -b2- ضَبٌّ شُفَارِىٌّ A long and bulky [ lizard of the kind called ] ضبّ. (Ham p. 242.) ― -b3- أُذُنٌ شُفَارِيَّةٌ (as also شُرَافِيَّةٌ [q. v.], TA) A large ear: (K:) or a bulky ear: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or a long ear: (AZ, TA:) or a broad ear, soft in the upper part: (TA:) or an ear having much hair and fur. (Ham p. 242.)

شَفَّارٌ ذ The possessor of a شَفْرَة [or large knife ]. (A, * TA.)

شَافِرٌ ذ , and its dual: see شُفْرٌ, last sentence, in three places. -A2- Also One who destroys, or makes away with, his property: so in the Tekmileh. (TA.)

مَشْفَرٌ ذ : see what next follows.

مِشْفَرٌ ذ The lip of a camel; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مَشْفَرٌ: (K:) and (tropical:) of a horse: (S, TA:) and (tropical:) of a human being: (K, TA:) or (tropical:) of an Abyssinian, as being likened to that of a camel: (A'Obeyd, TA:) pl. مَشَافِرُ. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., أَرَاكَ بَشَرٌ مَا أَحَارَ مِشْفَرٌ [lit. External skin hath shown thee what a lip hath transmitted to the stomach; ] meaning, the external appearance hath rendered thee in no need of inquiring respecting the internal state: (S, K:) originally said of a camel; (TA;) for when you see his external skin, whether he be fat or lean, you take it as an indication of the quality of his food. (K, TA.) ― -b2- Also The vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman: (R, MF:) but this is strange. (TA.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) A piece of land: and of sand: (K, TA:) each by way of comparison [to the lip of a camel]. (TA.) -A2- Also A state of resistance; inaccessibleness, or unapproachableness: (K:) strength, or power; (K, * TA;) vehemence, or hardness, or firmness. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And A state of perdition or destruction: and thus it is expl. as used in the saying mentioned by Meyd [in his Proverbs, perhaps the origin of this explanation], تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ مِشْفَرِ الأَسَدِ [which may be rendered I left him at the like of the lip of the lion ]; (TA;) applied to him who is exposed to destruction. (Meyd, TA. *)

عَيْشٌ مُشَفِرٌ ذ Strait, scanty, subsistence. (O, K.)

شُفَارِجٌ ذ A tray (طَبَقٌ) on which are small saucers, or cups, فَيْخَات and سُكُرَّجَات: (O, K:) a Pers. word, (S, O,) arabicized; (S, O, K;) from بِيشْبَارَجْ or بِيشْبَارِجْ (K, TA) or بِيشَارَجْ; (as in some copies of the K;) or what people call بِيشْبَارَِجْ: (Yaakoob, S:) [i. e. Pِيشْ Pَارْ or Pِيشْ Pَارَهْ, “ pésh pár, ” and “ pésh párah, ” meaning “ sweetmeats presented to a guest: ”] accord. to ElJawáleekee, it signifies different kinds of flesh-meat in طبايخ: [but what this means I know not: I suppose it to be a corruption of some word signifying saucers or the like:] in the “ Kitáb el-Moheet, ” شَفَارِيجُ is said to be pl. of شُفَارِجٌ, signifying a kind of food. (TA.)

1 شَفَعَهُ ذ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. شَفَعَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, (S, Msb,) He made it to be a شَفْع; (S, K, TA;) meaning (TA) he made it (a single thing) to be a زَوْج [i. e. he made it to be one of a pair or couple; and sometimes, he made it to be a pair or couple together ]: (Mgh, TA:) or he adjoined it to, or coupled it with, that which was a single thing: (Msb:) accord. to Er-Rághib, الشَّفْعُ signifies the adjoining a thing to its like. (TA.) You say, كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ, (S,) or كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ بِاآخَرَ i. e. [ It was a single thing, and ] I made it to be one of a pair, or couple, with another. (Mgh. [In Har p. 194, I find the phrase باآخر ↓ كان وترا فشفّعه, expl. in like manner; but شفّعه thus used I do not find in any lexicon: it may, however, be correctly thus used; for تشفّع, which has the form, app. has also the signification, of its quasi-pass.]) [And شُفِعَ المِلْكُ بِمِلْكٍ اآخَرَ The possession (here meaning house, or piece of land, ) was coupled by purchase with another possession: and شُفِعَ بِهِ مِلْكٌ It had a possession coupled with it by purchase: see شُفْعَةٌ.] You say also, شَفَعْتُ الرَّكْعَةَ I made the ركعة to be two. (Msb.) And a poet says, مَا كَانَ أَبْصَرَنِى بِغِرَّاتِ الصِّبَى فَا@لْيَوْمَ قَدْ شُفِعَتْ لِىَ ا@لْأَشْبَاحُ [ How clear was my sight with the inadvertencies of youth! but to-day, objects have become doubled to me ]: i. e., I see the object [as] two objects, by reason of the weakness and dispersedness of my sight. (O, K. *) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says of a she-camel, (S, O,) and of a ewe, or she-goat, (O,) شَفَعَتْ, (S, O,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, (S,) meaning She became such as is termed شَافِعٌ [q. v.]: (S, O:) she is thus termed لِأَنَّ وَلَدَهَا شَفَعَهَا أَوْ شَفَعَتْهُ [ because her young one has made her to be one of a pair, or couple, with itself, or because she has made it to be one of a pair or couple, with another that is in her belly], (S, O, K,) inf. n. شَفْعٌ, or the inf. n. in this case is شِفْعٌ, with kesr. (O, K.) ― -b3- One says also, اـِنَّهُ لَيَشْفَعُ عَلَىَّ بِالعَدَاوَةِ, (K,) or لِى, (O,) i. e. (tropical:) Verily he aids [another, becoming to him one of a pair, by enmity ] against me, and acts injuriously to me [ conjointly with another]. (O, K, TA.) Accord. to Er-Rághib, يَشْفَعُ means He joins himself to another, and aids him, becoming to him one of a pair, or a شَفِيع [i. e. an intercessor ], in doing good or evil, so that he aids him, or partakes with him, in [procuring] the benefit or the harm thereof; and thus it means in the saying in the Kur [iv. 87], مَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً [and in what follows the same]: (TA:) or these words mean Whoso adds a [ good ] deed to a [ good ] deed: (O, K:) or, as some say, the شفاعة here is a man's instituting, or prescribing, to another, a way of good or evil, so that he [the latter] imitates him, and thus becomes as though he were to him one of a pair. (TA.) [But accord. to the expositors in general, and accord. to the general usage of the inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ as distinguished from شَفْعٌ, what is here meant is Intercession. ] ― -b4- [Hence also,] شَفَعَ لَهُ اـِلَى فُلَانٍ, (S, * K, * TA,) or الى الأَمِيرِ, (MA,) aor. شَفَعَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ; (MA, K, TA;) and لَهُ ↓ تشفّع, (MA,) or فِيهِ ↓ تشفّع; (S, TA;) He made petition, or intercession, for him [ to such a one, or to the prince or the like; thus adjoining himself to him as an aider]: (MA, TA:) and شَفَعَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ [ He interceded between the people ], inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ: (Jel in iv. 87:) and شَفَعْتُ فِى الأَمْرِ, (Msb,) inf. n. شَفَاعَةٌ (IKtt, Msb, TA) and شَفْعٌ, (Msb, [but the latter is scarcely to be found elsewhere thus used,]) I pleaded, [or interceded, ] in the affair, or case, [in favour of another,] for some means of access or ingratiation, or some right or due: (IKtt, * Msb, TA: *) شَفَاعَةٌ is mentioned, but not explained, in the K: (TA:) as distinguished from شَفْعٌ meaning as expl. above, it signifies the joining oneself to another as an aider to him or a petitioner respecting him [or for him ]; and in most instances the former person is one of higher station than the latter: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the speaking of the شَفِيع [or intercessor ] to the king [or some other person ] respecting some object of want which the speaker asks for another person: it is also expl. as signifying the passing over without punishment, or the forgiving, [or rather the asking, or requesting, the passing over &c., (for the word طَلَبُ, probably accidentally omitted by the transcriber at the commencement of the explanation, should doubtless be supplied,)] of sins, crimes, or misdeeds. (TA.) Hence, in a trad., ↓ اِشْفَعْ تُشَفَّعْ [ Intercede thou: thou shalt have thine intercession accepted ]. (TA.) The saying in the Kur [ii. 117], وَلَا تَنْفَعُهَا شَفَاعَةٌ [ Nor shall intercession profit it ] means that it shall have no شَافِع [or intercessor] for his شَفَاعَة [or intercession] to profit it; being a denial of the شَافِع; (Ibn- 'Arafeh, O, K;) and the same is the case in the Kur lxxiv. 49, (Ibn-'Arafeh, O, TA,) and xx. 108. (TA.) شَفَعَ, inf. n. شَفْعٌ and شَفَاعَةٌ, also signifies He prayed, or supplicated: and thus Mbr and Th explain the words of the Kur [ii. 256], مَنْ ذَا ا@لَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ اـِلَّا بِاـِذْنِهِ [ Who is he that shall pray, or supplicate, in his presence, except by his permission? ]. (TA.) ― -b5- Accord. to El-Kutabee, (Mgh,) [i. e.] El-Kuteybee, (TA,) one says also, of a neighbour of one who desires to sell a dwelling [or land] شَفَعَ اـِلَيْهِ فِى مَا بَاعَ, meaning He made a demand to him, i. e. to the latter, respecting that which he sold [ for the right of pre-emption ]: and of the latter person, ↓ فَشَفَّعَهُ [ and he admitted his right of pre-emption, i. e.] and he pronounced him to have a better right, or title, or claim, [ as a purchaser, ] to that which was sold, that he whose connexion was more remote. (Mgh, TA. *) -A2- شَفَعَ, inf. n. شَفْعٌ, signifies also He, [...]

2 شَفَّعَ see 1, near the beginning. ― -b2- شَفَّعْتُهُ فِيهِ, inf. n. تَشْفِيعٌ, I accepted his intercession (شَفَاعَتَهُ) [ for him ]. (S, * O, K.) See, again, 1, in the last quarter of the paragraph. ― -b3- And see another signification of the verb in a later part of the same paragraph.

5 تشفّع ذ [signifies It was made a pair or couple, accord. to the K voce وِتْرٌ; this word being there expl. as meaning مَا لَمْ يَتَشَفَّعْ مِنَ العَدَدِ: but in the M and A, in the same place, instead of يَتَشَفَّعْ, we find يُشْفَعْ]. ― -b2- تشفّع لَهُ, and فِيهِ: see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. ― -b3- [It is said in the TA that تَشَفَّعَهُ also is quasi-pass. of اِسْتَشْفَعَ بِهِ: but تَشَفَّعَهُ is evidently, here, a mistranscription, app. for تَشَفَّعَ, meaning He was granted intercession. ] -A2- Also He became a شَافِعِىّ [i. e. a follower of the Imám Esh-Sháfi'ee ] in persuasion: but this is post-classical. (TA.)

10 اِسْتَشْفَعْتُهُ اـِلَى فُلَانٍ ذ I asked him to make intercession for me (أَنْ يَشْفَعَ لِى) to such a one. (S, O, K. *) And اِسْتَشْفَعْتُ بِهِ I sought, or demanded, intercession (الشَّفَاعَةَ) [ by means of him ]. (Msb.) A poet, cited by Aboo-Leylà, says, زَعَمَتْ مَعَاشِرُ أَنَّنِى مُسْتَشْفِعٌ لَمَّا خَرَجْتُ أَزُورُهُ أَقْلَامَهَا i. e. Companies of men asserted me to be seeking intercession (زَعَمُوا أَنِى أَسْتَشْفِعُ) for the object of eulogy, [ when I went forth repairing to visit him, ] by means of their writing-reeds (بِأَقْلَامِهِمْ), meaning by their letters (بِكُتُبِهِمْ). (O, TA.)

شَفْعٌ ذ contr. of وِتْرٌ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) i. q. زَوْجٌ [i. e., like زَوْجٌ, it signifies One of a pair or couple; and sometimes, but rarely, a pair or couple together; and sometimes, (see for instance زَكَا) an even number, a number that may be divided into two equal numbers ]: (O, K:) also one with which another is made to be a pair or couple: (TA:) [and, as will be seen in what follows, one with which an odd number is made to be an even number: ] pl. شِفَاعٌ, (TA,) and app. أَشْفَاعٌ, whence الصَّلَاةُ بَيْنَ الأَشْفَاعِ, meaning التَّرَاوِيح [q. v. voce تَرْوِيحَةٌ]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- الشَّفْعُ also signifies The day of the sacrifice; (O, K;) thus in the words of the Kur [lxxxix. 2] وَا@لشَّفْعِ وَا@لْوِتْرِ; by الوتر being meant the day of 'Arafát: (O:) or in this instance it means the creatures of God, (O, K,) because of the saying in the Kur [li. 49], “ and of everything we have created two of a pair; ” (K;) الوتر meaning God: (O, K:) or Adam's wife; الوتر meaning Adam, who was made a pair with her: (I'Ab, O, TA:) or Adam's children: (TA:) or the two days after the sacrifice; الوتر meaning the third day: (O, TA:) or God; [and الوتر, those who compose an odd number;] because of the saying in the Kur [lviii. 8], “ there can be no secret discourse of three, but He is the maker of them, with Himself, to be four: ” (K:) or the meaning of الشَّفْعُ وَالوِتْرُ is the prayers; of which some are شَفْع [i. e. an even number of rek'ahs], and some are وِتْر [i. e. an odd number of rek'ahs]: (O, TA:) [for] it is said that all the numbers consist of شَفْع [i. e. even ] and وِتْر [i. e. odd ]. (TA.)

شَفْعَةٌ ذ : see the next paragraph, in two places, near the end.

شُفْعَةٌ ذ is used in relation to a house and to land; (S, TA;) and ↓ شُفُعَةٌ, with two dammehs, is a dial. var. thereof thus used. (TA.) It signifies A مِلْك [here meaning house, or piece of land, ] that is coupled (مَشْفُوع) [ by purchase ] with one's مِلْك [i. e. house, or piece of land, previously possessed, and adjoining thereto ]; (Mgh, Msb; *) from the phrase كَانَ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُ [expl. above, in the second sentence of this art.]; (Mgh; [and the like is said in the Msb;]) a noun of the same class as لُقْمَةٌ; being of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Mgh, Msb: *) this is the primary signification: then it was applied to denote a particular kind of obtaining possession; (Mgh;) [i. e.] it is also used as meaning the obtaining possession of that مِلْك [or house, or piece of land, by purchasing it, and coupling it with that previously possessed, and adjoining thereto ]; (Msb;) or one's making a demand respecting that which he seeks [ to possess, for the right of the pre-emption thereof ], and adjoining it to that which he [ already ] has: (O, K:) and with the lawyers it signifies the right of obtaining possession of a piece of land, [i. e. the right of pre-emption thereof, or of a house, ] against one's co-sharer whose possession is recent, by compulsion, for a compensation: (K:) or the right of obtaining possession of a piece of land, by compulsion, for [ the payment of ] what it cost the [ former ] purchaser, by reason of partnership or of [ immediate ] neighbourship: (KT:) or the right of [ immediate ] neighbourship with respect to [ pre-emption of ] a house or land. (PS.) [See 1 in art. سقب.] El-Kutabee says, in explaining this word, in the Time of Ignorance, when a man desired to sell a house, his neighbour used to come to him and to make a demand to him (شَفَعَ اـِلَيْهِ i. e. طَلَبَ) respecting that which he sold [for the right of pre-emption], and he pronounced him to have a better right, or title, or claim, [as a purchaser,] to that which was sold, than he whose connexion was more remote: as though he took it from الشَّفَاعَةُ: but the [right] derivation is that first mentioned. (Mgh.) We have not heard, (Mgh,) or there is not known, (Msb,) any verb belonging to it [in the classical language]. (Mgh, Msb.) Esh-Shaabee uses it in the first and in the second of the senses expl. above, [or nearly so,] in his saying, مَنْ بِيعَتْ شُفْعَتُهُ وَهُوَ حَاضِرٌ فَلَمْ يَطْلُبْ ذٰلِكَ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ لَهُ [i. e. He whose claimed possession to be coupled by purchase with one already belonging to him is sold when he is present without his demanding that possession, there shall be no obtaining possession for him by his purchasing it for that purpose ]. (Mgh. [And the like is said in the Msb.]) Esh-Shaabee says [also], الشُّفْعَةُ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ الرِجَالِ [ The possession that is coupled by purchase with another possession is apportioned according to the heads of the men entitled thereto]: i. e., when the house is shared by a company of men whose shares are different, and one of them sells his portion, what is sold to his co-sharers is to be apportioned among them equally, according to their heads, not according to their [former] shares: (O, K, TA:) so in the Nh. (TA.) ― -b2- شُفْعَةُ الضُّحَى The two rek'ahs (رَكْعَتَانِ) of the [ prayer that is performed in the period of the morning called the ] ضُحَى; as also الضحى ↓ شَفْعَةُ: (O, K:) occurring in a trad., thus accord. to two different relations. (O.) -A2- Also Diabolical, or demoniacal, possession; or madness, or insanity; (AA, O, K;) and so ↓ شَفْعَةٌ; the latter expl. in this sense by IAar; and as syn. with سَفْعَةٌ and شُنْعَةٌ and رَدَّةٌ and نَظْرَةٌ, [perceived] in the face: [see these words; the second and third of which generally mean an unseemliness or ugliness; and so, sometimes, does the last:] the pl. of شُفْعَةٌ in the sense here expl. on the authority of AA is شُفَعٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- And IF states that it has been said to signify The [ evil ] eye, by which one is smitten: but he doubts its correctness; and thinks that it may be with the unpointed س. (O.) [See سَفْعَةٌ, not سُفْعَةٌ.]

شُفُعَةٌ ذ : see شُفْعَةٌ, first sentence.

شَفُوعٌ ذ A she-camel that fills two milking-vessels in one milking. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also شَافِعٌ.

شَفِيعٌ ذ i. q. صَاحِبُ شَفَاعَةٍ; (S, K, TA;) i. e. (TA) An intercessor; as also ↓ شَافِعٌ: pl. of the former شُفَعَاآءُ. (Msb, TA.) [See السُّقَفَاآء, in art. سقف.] ― -b2- Also i. q. صَاحِبُ شُفْعَةٍ; (S, K;) [meaning A possessor of the right termed شُفْعَة; or] one who demands, and is granted, as a neighbour [or a partner ], in preference to him whose connexion is more remote, the right of purchasing a house [or piece of land ] that is to be sold. (TA.)

شَفَائِعُ ذ Sorts of pasture, or herbage, that grow two and two: (Ibn-Abbád, O, K:) or twins (تُؤَام [pl. of تَوْءَم]) of plants. (O, K.)

شَافِعٌ ذ [act. part. n. of 1, q. v. ― -b2- Hence], applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Having a young one in her belly and another following her: (Fr, Sh, S, Mgh, K, TA:) or applied in this sense to a ewe or she-goat: (K:) or, thus applied, having her young one with her: (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh:) thus called because her young one has made her to be one of a pair [with it], or because she has made it to be one of a pair [with her]: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) and ↓ شَفُوعٌ, thus applied, signifies the same as شَافِعٌ: and one says also, هٰذِهِ شَاةُ الشَّافِعِ, like as one says صَلَاةُ الأُولَى and مَسْجِدُ الجَامِعِ. (TA.) ― -b3- Also A he-goat, (O, K, TA,) himself: (O:) or a ram: or such as, when he impregnates, impregnates with twins. (O, K.) ― -b4- عَيْنٌ شَافِعَةٌ An eye [ that makes a thing to appear a pair, i. e.,] that sees doubly. (O, K.) ― -b5- فُلَانٌ يُعَادِينِى وَلَهُ شَافِعٌ means (tropical:) Such a one treats me with enmity, and has one who aids him to do so. (A, TA.) ― -b6- See also شَفِيعٌ and مُشَفَّعٌ.

أَشْفَعُ ذ Tall, or high. (L, TA.)

مُشْفِعٌ ذ A ewe, or she-goat, that suckles any animal. (IAar, TA.)

مُشَفَّعٌ ذ One whose intercession is accepted: hence the Kur-án is termed by Ibn-Mes'ood مُشَفَّعٌ ↓ شَافِعٌ, i. e. An intercessor of which the intercession will be accepted, for him who follows it and does according to what is in it, that his unpremeditated transgressions may be forgiven. (O, TA.)

مُشَفِعٌ ذ One who accepts intercession. (L, TA.)

مَشْفُوعٌ ذ A possession (مِلْكٌ [here meaning house, or piece of land,]) coupled [ by purchase ] with a man's possession [previously belonging to him, upon certain conditions expl. voce شُفْعَةٌ]. (Mgh, Msb.) -A2- Also Affected with diabolical, or demoniacal, possession; or with madness, or insanity; (O, K;) and مَسْفُوعٌ, with the unpointed س, is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) ― -b2- And مَشْفُوعَةٌ is said to signify A woman smitten by the [ evil ] eye: (IF, O, L: [but see شُفْعَةٌ, last sentence:]) the masc. is not used in this sense. (L, TA.)

1 شَفِقَ ذ and شَفَقَ : see 4, in five places. ― -b2- شَفِقَ عَلَيْهِ signifies He was niggardly of it: (TA:) [thus] the saying [of a poet] كَمَا شَفِقَتْ عَلَى الزَّادِ العِيَالُ means [ Like as the household ] are niggardly of the provision: (IDrd, M, O:) because he who is niggardly of a thing is عَلَيْهِ ↓ مُشْفِقٌ [i. e. fearful, or cautious, on account of it ]. (M.)

2 تَشْفِيقٌ ذ signifies (tropical:) The making [a gift or the like (see مُشَفَّقٌ)] scanty, or little in amount or quantity; as also ↓ اـِشْفَاقٌ. (O, K, TA.) ― -b2- And (tropical:) The weaving badly. (K, TA.) You say, شفّق المِلْحَفَةَ (tropical:) He wove badly, (M,) or so as to make it scanty in the yarn, or unsubstantial, (TA,) the [ kind of wrapper called ] ملحفة. (M, TA.) -A2- See also 4, last sentence.

4 اشفق ذ signifies He feared, or was cautious; as also ↓ شَفِقَ [in the CK شَفَقَ]; or only the former: (K, TA:) [accord. to ISd,] ↓ شَفِقَ, inf. n. شَفَقٌ, signifies he feared: (M:) IDrd says, ↓ شَفِقْتُ [in one of my copies of the S شفَقتُ] and أَشْفَقْتُ are syn., (S, O, TA,) as some assert, (O, TA,) but the lexicologists disallow this, (S, O,) saying that one should only say أَشْفَقْتُ: (O:) accord. to Er-Rághib, الاـِشْفَاقُ signifies [ the being affected with ] care, or solicitude, mixed with fear; and when it is trans. by means of مِنْ, the meaning of fear is most apparent in it; but when trans. by means of عَلَى, the meaning of care, or solicitude, is most apparent in it: (TA: [and the like is said by Bd in xxi. 29:]) or it signifies [ the being affected with ] fright [or fear ]; sometimes mixed with faithful or sincere or honest advice; and sometimes divested thereof: (Ham p. 179:) one says, أَشْفَقْتُ مِنْهُ, (S,) or مِنْ كَذَا, (Msb,) I feared, or was cautious of, (S, Msb,) him, or it, (S,) or such a thing: (Msb:) or اشفق مِنْهُ he feared him, or it: (MA:) and أَشْفَقْتُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, [in which it is implied that this differs from أَشْفَقْتُ مِنْهُ,]) or عَلَى الصَّغِيرِ, I was affectionate, kind, or compassionate, and favourably inclined, [ towards him, or] towards the little one: (Msb: [and a similar explanation is given in the MA:]) and ↓ شَفَقْتُ, aor. شَفِقَ , is a dial. var. thereof [i. e. of أَشْفَقْتُ when trans. by means of عَلَى, and perhaps also when it is trans. by means of مِنْ]: (Msb:) or اشفق عَلَيْهِ signifies [ he was solicitously affectionate, &c., towards him; agreeably with the explanation of Er-Rághib above, and with that here following;] he was affected with pity, or compassion, and tenderness, and fear, for him, at the same time giving him faithful or sincere or honest advice, أَنْ يَنَالَهُ مَكْرُوهٌ [ lest some disliked or evil event should betide him ]: (TA:) or he feared, or was cautious, for him: and اشفق مِنْهُ he was impatient of him, or it: and ↓ شَفَقَ is a dial. var. [of اشفق when trans. by means of مِنْ, and app. also when trans. by means of عَلَى]. (M.) -A2- See also 2. -A3- Also He entered upon [ the time of ] the شَفَق [q. v.]. (M.) And He came in a [ time of ] شَفَق: and so ↓ شفّق. (M.)

شَفَقٌ ذ Fear: (K:) [see also شَفِقَ, (of which it is the inf. n.) in the next preceding paragraph:] or fear [ arising ] from strictness (شِدَّة) of faithful or sincere or honest advice; (M, TA;) as also ↓ شَفَقَةٌ: (M:) or ↓ the latter signifies the fear of him who gives faithful or sincere or honest advice, in consequence of his doing so, for him to whom such advice is given: (O:) or the former, (K, TA,) and ↓ the latter also, (TA,) the eagerness, or striving, of him who gives such advice, to rectify, or amend, the state of him to whom that advice is given: (K, TA: [said in the latter to be a tropical application of the words; but why, I see not:]) ↓ شَفَقَةٌ is subst. from الاـِشْفَاقُ, (S, Msb, TA,) and شَفَقٌ is syn. therewith (S, O, K, TA) as being also a subst. from الاـِشْفَاقُ: (S, TA:) [it is said that] the primary signification of ↓ شَفَقَةٌ is weakness: (Ham p. 179:) and it is conjoined with خَوْفٌ [fear]; therefore it is not applied as an attribute to God: (Idem p. 722:) [generally] it signifies affection, kindness, benignity, compassion, or favourable inclination: (MA:) [or solicitous affection &c.:] or pity, or compassion, and tenderness, and fear of the betiding of some disliked or evil event, together with faithful or sincere or honest advice. (TA.) -A2- شَفَقٌ also signifies The redness (Kh, S, Msb, K) in the horizon (K) from sunset until the time of the last عِشَاآء [i. e. nightfall ], (Kh, S, Msb, K,) when it disappears, (Kh, S, Msb,) and the white شَفَق remains until the middle [or rather until a late period varying at different seasons] of the night: (Msb:) or until near that time: or until near the عَتَمَة [q. v., generally meaning the same, or nearly so]: (K:) or the redness that is seen in the sky at sunset: (IDrd, O:) or the remains of the light and redness of the sun in the first part of the night, until near the عَتَمَة: (S:) or the light and redness of the sun, seen at sunset, until the time of the prayer of nightfall: (M:) or the mixture of the light of day with the blackness of night at sunset: (Er-Rághib, TA:) accord. to Zj, the redness that is in the region of sunset after the setting of the sun: this is the meaning given as of common repute in the books of lexicology; and Mtr says [in the Mgh] that it means the redness accord. to a number of the Companions of the Prophet and of the people of the generation next succeeding them: but accord. to Aboo-Hureyreh, it means the whiteness [ after sunset, which, to distinguish it from the شَفَق commonly so called, is often termed the white شَفَق, as in an instance above]: (Msb:) IAth says that this word has two contr. meanings; being applied to the redness that is seen after sunset; and to the whiteness remaining in the western horizon after the said redness. (TA.) Fr says, I heard one of the Arabs say, عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ كَأَنَّهُ الشَّفَقُ [ Upon him is, or was, a garment as though it were the شَفَق]: and it was red. (S.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed red. (AA, TA.) ― -b3- And Day. (Zj, M, K.) -A3- Also i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [ A side, &c.; or a remote side ]: pl. أَشْفَاقٌ. (O, K.) One says, أَنَا فِى أَشْفَاقٍ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ i. e. نَوَاحٍ [meaning (assumed tropical:) I am apart, or aloof, from this affair; as though in, or on, remote sides thereof ]: (O, TA:) and in like manner فِى عُرُوضٍ مِنْهُ [app. a mistranscription for عَرُوضٍ i. e. نَاحِيَةٍ] and فى أَعْرَاضٍ منه i. e. نَوَاحٍ. (TA.) -A4- And (tropical:) A bad thing; syn. رَدِىْءٌ: (Lth, S, M, O, K, TA: [in the TA said to be written by J with kesr to the ف; but not so in either of my copies of the S:]) applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, TA, and Ham p. 179,) [in this sense, or] as meaning bad and thin: (Mgh in art. خرث:) [said to be] from شَفَقَةٌ signifying “ weakness: ” (Ham ubi suprà:) seldom pluralized: (O:) and used alike as masc. and fem., being applied as an epithet to a مِلْحَفَة, (M, O,) meaning رَدِيئَةٌ. (M.)