Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

شَفِقٌ ذ : see شَفِيقٌ, in two places.

شَفَقَةٌ ذ : see شَفَقٌ, in five places.

شَفُوقٌ ذ : see the next paragraph.

شَفِيقٌ ذ is syn. with ↓ مُشْفِقٌ as part. n. of 4 [signifying Fearing, or fearful, or cautious; and also affectionate, kind, or compassionate, &c.]; (S, O, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ شَفِقٌ (Msb) [and in an intensive sense ↓ شَفُوقٌ; and , from what follows, it appears that شَفِيقٌ also is used as an intensive epithet]: or ↓ شَفِقٌ signifies fearing; and its pl. is شَفِقُونَ: (M, TA:) and شَفِيقٌ, one giving faithful or sincere or honest advice, eager, or striving, to rectify, or amend, the state of him to whom that advice is given. (M.) اـِنَّ الشَّفِيقَ بِسُوْءِ ظَنٍ مُولَعٌ [ Verily the affectionate, &c., or the very affectionate &c., is addicted to evil opinion, ] is a prov., applied in the case of the man who fears, for his friend, the accidents of fortune, by reason of his excessive شَفَقَة [or affection, &c.]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xxi. 50], وَهُمْ مِنَ ↓ ا@لسَّاعَةِ مُشْفِقُونَ [meaning And who are fearful of the time of the resurrection ]; the signification of fear being most apparent when مُشْفِقٌ is thus trans. by means of مِنْ. (TA.) See also an instance of ↓ مُشْفِقٌ [in a similar sense] in the first paragraph of this art.

مُشْفَقٌ ذ : see the last paragraph. -A2- [Accord. to Freytag, it signifies also Fear: but he names no authority for this.]

مُشْفِقٌ ذ : see شَفِيقٌ, in three places.

عَطَاآءٌ مُشَفَّقٌ ذ (tropical:) A gift made scanty, or little in amount or quantity; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مُشْفَقٌ. (TA.)

1 شَفَهَهُ ذ , aor. شَفَهَ , (K,) inf. n. شَفْهٌ, (TK,) He struck his شَفَة [i. e. lip ]. (K.) ― -b2- شُفِهَ, [said of a water, (assumed tropical:) It had many lips of drinkers applied to it; i. e. it had many drinkers: (see its part. n.:) and] said of food, (tropical:) It had many eaters: (K, TA:) or [as a consequence thereof] it became little in quantity. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence], said of property, (assumed tropical:) It had many seekers. (K.) ― -b4- And, said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He had many askers, or beggars, (K, TA,) so that they consumed what he had, or possessed. (TA.) [Or (assumed tropical:) He was importuned by begging, so that what he had, or possessed, was consumed: as pass. of what next follows.] ― -b5- شَفَهَهُ (assumed tropical:) He importuned him by begging, so that he consumed what he had, or possessed. (S, K.) And one says, كَادَ العِيَالُ يَشْفَهُونَ مَالِى (tropical:) The family, or household, almost consumed my property. (K, * TA.) ― -b6- Also, (S, K,) inf. n. شَفْهٌ, (S,) i. q. شَغَلَ. (S, K.) You say, شَفَهَنِى عَنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He, or it, occupied me so as to divert me from such a thing; syn. شَغَلَنِى. (S.) And نَحْنُ نَشْفَهُ عَلَيْكَ المَرْتَعَ, and المَاآءَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) We occupy the place of pasturage so as to keep it from thee, and the water, (نَشْغَلُهُ عَنْكَ,) i. e. it is sufficient for us without being more than sufficient. (S, TA.) And شُفِهَ عَنْكَ مَا عِنْدَنَا (assumed tropical:) What we had was employed so as to be kept from thee; syn. شُغِلَ عَنْكَ. (JK.) -A2- IAar mentions the phrase شَفَهْتُ نَصِيبِى, with fet-h, without explaining it; but Th says that it is سفهت, [i. e. سَفِهْتُ, with س, and with kesr to the ف,] meaning “ I forgot [my share, or portion]. ” (TA.)

3 شافههُ ذ , (K,) inf. n. مُشَافَهَةٌ, (TA,) He put his lip (شَفَتَهُ) near to his [another's] lip. (K, TA.) And كَلَّمَهُ مُشَافَهَةً (Msb, TA) and مُشَافَاةً (Msb) He spoke to him putting his lip near to his lip: (TA:) [or mouth to mouth; for,] accord. to J, (TA,) مُشَافَهَةٌ signifies the talking with another mouth to mouth: (S, TA:) but the usage of the inf. n. of a verb different from that which it is thus made to qualify is, as Sb says, restricted to instances that have been heard: the phrase كَلَّمَهُ مُفَاوَهَةً [has not been heard, and therefore] is not allowable. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] شافه البَلَدَ, and الأَمْرَ, (tropical:) He was, or became, or drew, near to the town, or country, and the affair. (A, K, TA.)

شَفَةٌ ذ , (T, S, Msb, K, &c.,) also pronounced ↓ شِفَةٌ, (K,) is a word of which the third, i. e. the final, radical letter is elided; (T, Msb;) and accord. to some, (Msb,) this letter is ه, (T, Msb, K, TA,) so accord. to all of the Basrees, (TA,) the word being originally ↓ شفهة, (T, S, Msb, TA,) i. e. شَفَهَةٌ, (so in copies of the S,) or شَفْهَةٌ, like كَلْبَهٌ and سَجْدَةٌ, (Msb,) because it has the former of the dims. mentioned below, and the first of the pls. mentioned below, with ه, (S, Msb, *) and it is sometimes pronounced شفهة; (T, TA;) or, as some assert, the deficient letter is و, (S, Msb,) the word being originally شَفْوَةٌ, like شَهْوَةٌ, (Msb,) because it has the last of the pls. mentioned below, (S, [but omitted in one of my copies,] and Msb, *) and the latter of the two dims. mentioned below; (Msb;) both of which assertions are stated on the authority of Kh; (IF, Msb;) [The lip of a human being;] شَفَتَا الاـِنْسَانِ meaning the two covers of the mouth of the human being: (K:) it is [properly] only of a human being: (Msb:) but it is sometimes, metaphorically, of the horse: and in like manner, of the دَلْو [or leathern bucket] as used by A'Obeyd; but ISd has expressed a doubt whether he had heard this from the Arabs: (TA:) the pl. is شِفَاهٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and شَفَهَاتٌ (Lth, Msb, TA) and شَفَوَاتٌ, (Lth, S, Msb, K,) the second of which is said by Lth to be more agreeable with analogy than the third, though the third is more common, as being likened to سَنَوَاتٌ [pl. of سَنَةٌ]: (Az, (Msb, TA:) and Ks mentions the phrase, اـِنَّهُ لَغَلِيظُ الشِفَاهِ [as meaning Verily he is thick in the lip ], as though the term شَفَةٌ applied to every portion of the شَفَة: (TA:) the dim. is ↓ شُفَيْهَةُ (S, Msb) and شُفَيَّةٌ. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] هُمْ أَهْلُ الشَّفَةِ (assumed tropical:) They are those who have the right of drinking with their lips (بِشِفَاهِهِمْ) and of watering their beasts. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And بِنْتُ شَفَةٍ (tropical:) A word; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ذَاتُ شَفَةٍ. (TA.) One says, مَا كَلَّمْتُهُ بِبِنْتِ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I spoke not to him a word: (S:) or مَا كَلَّمَنِىبِنْتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) He spoke not to me a word: (TA:) and مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ بِنْتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I heard not from him a word: (Msb:) and مَا كَلَّمْتُ فُلَانًا ذَاتَ شَفَةٍ (assumed tropical:) I spoke not to such a one a word. (AZ, T voce ذُو.) ― -b4- And فُلَانٌ خَفِيفُ الشَّفَةِ (tropical:) Such a one is a person who asks, or begs, little of people: (ISk, S, K, * TA:) and also, (tropical:) importunate, (K, TA,) one who asks, or begs, much of people: (TA:) thus having two contr. meanings. (K.) ― -b5- And لَهُ فِى النَّاسِ شَفَةٌ (assumed tropical:) He has praise, or commendation, among the people: (S:) and لَهُ فِينَا شَفَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ (tropical:) He has a good report, or reputation, among us. (A, K, TA.) And اـِنَّ شَفَةَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْكَ لَحَسَنَةٌ (tropical:) Verily the people's speaking of thee is good. (Lh, TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ شَفَةَ النَّاسِ عَلَيْكَ (tropical:) How good is the people's speaking of thee! (K, TA.) ― -b6- See also شَفًا, in art. شفو and شفى.

شِفَةٌ ذ , and see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفَهَةٌ ذ or شَفْهَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفَهِىٌّ ذ and شَفِىٌّ are both allowable as rel. ns. of شَفَةٌ [i. e. as meaning Labial: and so, accord. to some, is شَفَوِىٌّ]. (S.) الحُرُوفُ الشَّفَهِيَّةُ (Kh, T, S, Msb, K) and الشَّفَوِيَّةُ, (Kh, T, Msb,) or the latter is not allowable, (S,) [i. e. The labial letters, ] are ب and ف and م: (T, S, K:) [or, accord. to Lumsden (Ar. Gr. p. 28), ب and م and و: and, it seems, accord. to some, (see De Sacy's Gr. Ar. sec. ed. i. 27,) ج and ش and ض, which is strange:] so called because their place of utterance is from the شَفَة, without any action of the tongue. (T, TA.)

شُفَيْهَةٌ ذ : dim. of شَفَةٌ, q. v.

شُفَاهِىٌّ ذ A man (S, Mgh) large [in some copies of the S thick ] in the شَفَتَانِ [or lips ]; (S, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ أَشْفَهُ. (Mgh. [But see this latter below.])

شَافِهٌ ذ Thirsty, (K, TA,) not finding water enough to moisten his lip: like سَافِهٌ, mentioned in art. سفه. (TA.)

أَشْفَهُ ذ : see شُفَاهِىٌّ. ― -b2- [Accord. to some,] أَشْفَى signifies A man whose lips do not close together: (S, K:) but there is no proof of its correctness: (S:) the fem. in this sense is شَفْيَاآءُ. (TA in art. شفى.)

مَشْفُوهٌ ذ (tropical:) A water at which there are many lips (شِفَاه TA, and Har p. 669,) of those coming to drink, (Har,) so that it has become little in quantity; (TA;) or water at which are many people: (S, K: *) or water that is sought: or, as some say, forbidden to those who come to drink of it because of its being little in quantity. (TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (Har ubi suprà,) (tropical:) Food upon which are [ put ] many hands; (K, TA, Har;) having many eaters: or that has become little in quantity. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) Property sought by many: (TA:) [or little in quantity; for] one says, أَتَانَا وَ أَمْوَالُنَا مَشْفُوهَةٌ (tropical:) He came to us when our possessions were little in quantity. (K, TA.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) A man of whom people have asked, or begged, much, (S,) or importuned by begging, (K,) so that all that he had, or possessed, is consumed: (S, K:) like مَثْمُودٌ, and مَضْفُوفٌ, and مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ: (so in one of my copies of the S:) and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) one whose household and guests have consumed his property. (IB, TA.)

1 شَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ ذ , aor. 1َ2ُ3َ , [inf. n. app. شَفًا, but said in the TK to be شَفْوٌ,] The sun was, or became, near to setting: (K in art. شفو:) and شَفَت, (K in art. شفى,) [aor. 1َ2ِ3َ ,] inf. n. شَفًا, (TA,) it (the sun) set; as also شَفِيَت: (K:) or, accord. to IKtt, set save a little; and the like is said in the T. (TA.) قُبَيْلَ الشَّفَا means A little before the setting of the sun. (TA.) [See also شَفًا below.] ― -b2- And شَفَا said of the هِلَال [or moon a little after or before the change], It rose. (K.) And said of a شَخْص [or bodily form or figure seen from a distance, or a person], It, or he, appeared, or became apparent. (K.) -A2- شَفَاهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. 1َ2ِ3َ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. شِفَاآءٌ, (S, Msb,) He (God, S, Msb) recovered him, or restored him to convalescence, syn. أَبْرَأَهُ, so in the M, but in the K بَرَاهُ, (TA,) namely a sick person, (Msb,) مِنْ مَرَضِهِ [ from his disease, or sickness ]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, شَفَيْتُهُ, in art. بضع in the S, said by a person respecting one who asked him concerning a question, as meaning (assumed tropical:) I relieved him from doubt: and شَفَاهُ عَنِ المَسْأَلَةِ in the same art. in the K, as meaning (assumed tropical:) He relieved him from doubt respecting the question. See 8 as quasi-pass. of the verb thus used.] ― -b3- And يَشْفِيكَ اـِنْ قَالَ (assumed tropical:) [ He will please thee if he speak; i. e.] his speech will please thee. (Har p. 433.) ― -b4- شَفَاهُ also signifies He sought, or demanded, or desired, for him, recovery, or restoration to convalescence; and so ↓ أَشْفَاهُ: (K, TA:) thus in the M. (TA.)

2 شفّاهُ بِكُلِ شَىْءٍ ذ , inf. n. تَشْفِيَةٌ, He treated him medically, or curatively, with everything whereby he might attain recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (TA.) ― -b2- مَا شَفَّى فُلَانٌ أَفْضَلُ مِمَّا شَفَّيْتَ i. e. مَا ا@زْدَادَ and رَبِحَ [meaning The gain of such a one (ما being here what is termed مَصْدَرِيَّة, as اِزْدَادَ and رَبِحَ are intrans.,) is more excellent than thy gain ] is said to be an instance of substitution, [originally شَفَّفَ and شَفَّفْتَ,] like [قَصَّى and تَقَصَّى and] تَقَضَّى [for قَصَّصَ and تَقَصَّصَ and تَقَضَّضَ]. (TA.)

3 مُشَافَاةٌ ذ [an inf. n. of which the verb, if used, is شَافَى]: see 3 in art. شفه.

4 اشفى عَلَيْهِ ذ He was, or became, on the brink of it; (S, Msb, K, TA;) namely, a thing; and death: (S, Msb:) mostly used in relation to evil, but also in relation to good: so says IKtt. (TA.) [See شَفًا.] ― -b2- And اشفى [alone] (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, at the point of [ giving or receiving ] a charge or an injunction, or a trust or deposit. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night; which is termed شَفَا اللَّيْلِ. (TA.) -A2- أَشْفَى نَفْسَهُ عَلَى هُلْكٍ (K and TA in art. خطر) and اشفى بِهَا (TA in the same) i. e. عَلَى شَفَا هُلْكٍ [meaning (assumed tropical:) He caused himself to be on the brink of destruction ]. (TA ibid.) -A3- اشفاهُ He gave him a remedial medicine. (Az, TA.) And He prescribed for him a remedy in which should be his recovery, or restoration to convalescence. (TA.) And أَشْفَيْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ (S, K *) I gave thee the thing in order that thou shouldst attain, or seek, recovery, or restoration to convalescence, thereby. (S: in two copies thereof, بِهِ ↓ تَشْتَفِى: in two other copies thereof, and in like manner in the K, بِهِ ↓ تَسْتَشْفِى.) And اشفاهُ ا@للّٰهُ عَسَلًا God made honey to be his remedy. (AO, S: and the like is said by IKtt as cited in the TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, last sentence. ― -b3- اشفى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave [a person] something. (TA.)

5 تشفّى ذ : see 8 [with which it is syn.]. ― -b2- [Hence,] تشفّى مِنْ غَيْظِهِ (S, MA, K) (assumed tropical:) He recovered from his anger, wrath, or rage. (MA.) And تشفّى مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ, (T, TA,) or بِالعَدُوِّ, and به ↓ اشتفى, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) He inflicted injury upon his enemy [or the enemy ] in a manner that rejoiced him [or relieved him from his anger ]: (T, TA:) [or he attained what he desired from his enemy or the enemy, and so appeased his anger: ] because latent anger is like a disease; and when it departs by reason of that which one seeks to obtain from his enemy, he is as though he became free, or recovered, from his disease. (Msb.)

6 تَشَافَيْتُ المَاآءَ ذ a phrase mentioned by IAar as meaning I exhausted the water: said by ISd to be originally تَشَافَفْتُ. (TA in art. شف.)

8 اشتفى بِكَذَا ذ (S, K, TA) He attained recovery, or restoration to convalescence, by means of such a thing: (TA;) and so ↓ تشفّى: (TK:) and مِنْ عِلَّتِهِ ↓ استشفى [if not a mistranscription for اشتفى] he became free from his disease, sickness, or malady; recovered from it; or became convalescent. (TA.) See 4, latter part. ― -b2- And see also 5. ― -b3- [Also (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, content with such a thing; or relieved from doubt thereby: and] (assumed tropical:) he profited by such a thing. (MA.) One says, اِشْتَفَيْتُ بِمَا أَخْبَرَنِى فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) I was, or became, content with that which such a one told me, [or relieved from doubt thereby, ] because it was true. (IB in art. حك, from Az.) And أَخْبَرَهُ فُلَانٌ فَا@شْتَفَى بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [ Such a one gave him information ] and he profited by his veracity. (TA.)

10 استشفى ذ He sought, or demanded, a remedy, or cure. (TA.) See 4, latter part. ― -b2- And see also 8.

شَفًا ذ The point or extremity, verge, brink, or edge, of anything; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) like ↓ شَفَةٌ; for شَفَا الحُفْرَةِ (Ksh in iii. 99) or شَفَا البِئْرِ (Bd ibid.) and شَفَتُهَا both signify the same, (Ksh, Bd,) i. e. حَرْفُهَا (Ksh) or طَرَفُهَا; (Bd;) but the final و in the former is changed into ا, and in the latter [accord. to those who hold شَفَةٌ to be originally شَفْوَةٌ] it is elided; (Ksh, Bd;) شَفًا being originally شَفَوٌ: (Bd:) [but شَفًا generally signifies as expl. above; and شَفَةٌ almost always signifies the “ lip ” of a human being:] the dual is شَفَوَانِ; this being known, as Akh says, by the fact that اـِمَالَة in the word شَفًا is not allowable: (S:) and the pl. is أَشْفَاآءٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [iii. 99], وَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى شَفَا حُفْرَةٌ مِنَ ا@لنَّارِ فَأَنْقَذَكُمْ مِنْهَا [ And ye were on the verge, or brink, of a pit of the fire of Hell, and He saved, or rescued, you from it ]. (S.) And one says, هُوَ عَلَى شَفَا الهَلَاكِ (tropical:) [ He is on the brink of destruction ]. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A little; (S, A, K, TA;) a small part, or portion; somewhat; (A, TA;) somewhat remaining of the moon when near the change, (K, TA, [الهَلاك in the CK is erroneously put for الهِلَال,]) and of the sight (البَصَر), and of the day, and the like, as in the T. (TA.) One says of a man on the occasion of his dying, and of the moon at [the last period of the month called] its مُحَاق, and of the sun at its setting, (S,) مَا بَقِىَ مِنْهُ اـِلَّا شَفًا [and مِنْهَا when said of the sun] (assumed tropical:) There has not remained of him, or it, save a little: (S, K: *) and [in like manner] مِنَ العُمُرِ [ of life ]. (S.) And one says, أَتَيْتُهُ بِشَفًا مِنْ ضَوْءِ الشَّمْسِ (assumed tropical:) [ I came to him in a time when there was little remaining of the light of the sun ]. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, أَشْرَفْتُهُ بِلَا شَفًا أَوْ بِشَفَا وَمِرْبَأٍ عَالٍ لِمَنٌ تَشَرَّفَا meaning [ Many an elevated place of observation, high to him who ascends it, I have ascended ] when the sun had set or when there was somewhat of it remaining. (S.) One says also, صَارَ فِى شَفَا القَمَرِ meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, in the last part of the night. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., (in relation to [the temporary marriage termed] المُتْعَة,) فَلَوْ لَا نَهْيُهُ عَنْهَا مَا ا@حْتَاجَ اـِلَى الزِّنَا اـِلَّا شَفًا, accord. to the T meaning [ Were it not for his (i. e. God's) forbidding it, none would need having recourse to fornication, ] save a small number of men: (T, TA:) or, accord. to 'Atà, it means, but would be on the brink thereof, without falling into it; شَفًا being thus used in the place of the inf. n. اـِشْفَاآء: so says IAth, as from Az. (TA.)

شَفَةٌ ذ , in which the deficient letter is و, (K, TA,) for it has for pl. شَفَوَاتٌ, (TA,) or ه, (K, TA,) for it has [also] for pl. شِفَاهٌ, (TA,) has been mentioned before, (K, TA,) in art. شفه [q. v.]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also شَفًا above, first sentence.

شِفَاآءٌ ذ , (K, TA,) like كِسَاآءٌ, (TA,) [in the CK erroneously written شَفاء,] primarily signifies The becoming free from disease, sickness, or malady; recovering therefrom; or becoming convalescent: ― -b2- and then, Medical, or curative, treatment: (TA:) the giving of health; (KL:) inf. n. of شَفَاهُ [q. v.]: (S, Msb, TA:) ― -b3- and [then], (TA,) A medicine, or remedy: pl. أَشْفِيَةٌ, and pl. pl. أَشَافٍ. (K, TA.) [Hence, دَارُ الشِفَاآءِ The hospital. ] ― -b4- [And hence,] one says, شِفَاآءُ العِىِّ السُّؤَالُ (tropical:) [ The remedy of inability is the asking information ]. (TA.)

شَفِىٌّ ذ : see art. شفه.

شُفَيَّةٌ ذ : see art. شفه.

شَفَوِىٌّ ذ : see art. شفه.

شَافٍ ذ [ Recovering, or restoring to convalescence; remedial; ] health-giving. (KL.) ― -b2- [Hence, جَوَابٌ شَافٍ (assumed tropical:) An answer that relieves from doubt. ]

أَشْفَى ذ More [and most remedial or] healthgiving. (KL.) -A2- Also A man whose lips do not close together: fem. شَفْيَاآءُ. (TA.) See أَشْفَهُ, in art. شفه.

اـِشْفًى ذ An instrument for perforating; (K;) a thing pertaining to the makers or sewers of boots or shoes or sandals &c.; (S;) [i. e.] the awl used by them: (MA, KL:) and the instrument with which leather, or skin, is sewed: (Mgh, K:) or, accord. to ISk, it is [ an instrument used ] for water-skins and water-bags and the like; and the مِخْصَف is for sandals: (S:) [see also art. اشف:] masc. and fem.: (K, * TA:) pl. أَشَافٍ. (Mgh, TA.) ― -b2- Th mentions the saying, اـِنْ لَاطَمْتَهُ لَاطَمْتَ الاـِشْفَى [ if thou contend with him in slapping, thou wilt do so with the اشفى]; meaning that when one does so, it will be against himself. (TA.) ― -b3- And اـِشْفَى المِرْفَقِ, a phrase used by a poet, means (assumed tropical:) Sharp in the elbow. (TA.)

1 شَقَّهُ ذ , (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. شَقُ3َ , (M, Msb,) inf. n. شَقٌّ, (S, M, Msb,) He cut it [or divided it ] lengthwise; (TA in art. قد;) [i. e.] he clave it, split it, rived or rifted it, or slit it; so as to separate it; [i. e. he clave, split, rived or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, tore, broke, or burst, it asunder; ] or without separating it; [i. e. he cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched, it; or clave, split, &c., or cut, it open; ] syn. صَدَعَهُ; (K;) or [more explicitly] الشَّقُّ signifies الصَّدْعُ البَائِنُ [ the cleaving &c. that separates ]; or غَيْرُ البَائِنِ [ that which does not separate ]; or الصَّدْعُ [ the cleaving, &c.,] in a general sense: (M:) and in like manner, [but with an intensive signification, or implying frequency or repetition of the action, or its application to several objects, generally meaning he clave it, &c., much, or in pieces, or in several places, ] ↓ شقّقهُ: (M, K:) you say, شقّق الحَطَبَ (S, K) وَغَيْرَهُ (S) i. e. شَقَّهُ [but properly meaning He clave in pieces the firewood &c. ]. (K. [In the CK, شَقَّ الحَطَبَ is erroneously put for شقّق الحطب.]) ― -b2- [شَقَّ رَأْسَهُ generally means He clave his head, or his pericranium: and sometimes, as in an instance in the K voce شَقَأَ, he divided the hair of his head. ] ― -b3- شَقَّ العَصَا [lit. He split the staff ] means (tropical:) he separated himself from the community; (S, K, TA;) and particularly, that of the Muslims: because the staff is not thus called but when it is whole, not when it is split: accord. to Lth, يَشُقُّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ and ↓ يُشَاقُّهُمْ signify alike: but they differ in meaning, as will be shown hereafter. (TA.) شَقَّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ, K, TA,) said of a خَارِجِىّ [i. e. heretic or schismatic], also means (assumed tropical:) He effected disunion and dissension in the body of the Muslims. (TA.) And one says also, شَقَّ عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed tropical:) [ He broke the compact of allegiance, or obedience; became a rebel ]. (M.) ― -b4- لَا وَالَّذِى شَقَّ الرِّجَالَ لِلْخَيْلِ وَالجِبَالَ لِلسَّيْلِ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) No, by Him who clave men for the riding upon horses, and the mountains for the flowing of the torrent, ] is a saying mentioned by IAar, but not expl. by him. (M. [It is there added, وَعِنْدِى أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ وَالجِبَالَ جُمْلَةً وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ خَرَقَهُمَا فَجَعَلَ الرِّجَالَ لِهٰذِهِ وَالجِبَالَ لِهٰذَا: an expression of opinion which is, to me, by no means clear, though reconcilable with my rendering.]) ― -b5- المَالُ بَيْنَنَا شَقَّ الأَبْلَمَةِ and الأُبْلُمَةِ [ The property is divided between us as in the dividing of the ابلمة; or the cattle are divided &c.;] means we are equal in respect of the property, or cattle: for the ابلمة means the [kind of leaf called] خُوصَة, which, when it is split lengthwise, splits in halves: (M:) or, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, the ابلمة is a herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) to which there come forth pods, like [those of] the bean; and when you split them lengthwise, they split in halves, equally, from the first part to the last thereof: شَقَّ is in the accus. case as an inf. n., مَشْقُوقٌ being understood. (Har p. 639.) [See also شِقٌّ.] ― -b6- شَقَّ, (S, M, K,) aor. شَقُ3َ , inf. n. شُقُوقٌ, (M,) said of the canine tooth of a camel, (tropical:) It [ clave the gum and ] came forth: (S, M, K, TA:) [said to be] a dial. var. of شَقَأَ: (S:) and said of the canine tooth of a child, (M, TA,) in like manner, (TA,) meaning it made its first appearance: (M:) and said also of a plant, [as meaning it came forth ] on the ground's first cleaving open from it. (M, TA.) ― -b7- Also, aor. شَقُ3َ , inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of the dawn, (tropical:) It rose; as though it clave the place of its rising and came forth therefrom. (TA.) ― -b8- Also, aor. شَقُ3َ , (TA,) inf. n. شَقٌّ, said of lightning, (tropical:) It [ clave the clouds, and ] extended high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (K, TA:) so says A'Obeyd: (TA: [see شَقِيقٌ:]) and ↓ انشقّ and ↓ تشقّق, said of lightning, signify اِنْعَقَّ [probably meaning the same; (see عَقِيقَةٌ;) or, as expl. in the S and also in the O, in art. عق, it was, or became, in a state of commotion, (تَضَرَّبَ,) in the clouds ]: (M, TA:) or ↓ تشقّق said of lightning means it spread wide and long. (JK.) ― -b9- شَقَّ السَّبِيلَ (K in art. عبر) (assumed tropical:) He passed along the way; as though he cut it, or furrowed it. (TK in that art.) And شَقَّ النَّهْرَ (assumed tropical:) He crossed the river by swimming. (TA in art. قطع.) ― -b10- شَقَّ المَاآءَ (assumed tropical:) He opened a way, passage, vent, or channel, for the water to flow forth; syn. بَجَسَهُ. (A and K in art. بجس.) ― -b11- شَقَّ أَمْرَهُ, aor. شَقُ3َ , inf. n. شَقٌّ, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, discomposed, deranged, or disordered, so that it became incongruous, or inconsistent, his affair, or state of affairs. (M, TA.) [A phrase similar to شَقَّ العَصَا, mentioned above. And so, app., what next follows.] ― -b12- شَقَّ الكَلَامَ, i. q. قَدَّهُ [also expl. as syn. with قَطَعَهُ, which generally means (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking; but sometimes, and perhaps in this case, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare a signification of 2.]. (M and L in art. قد.) ― -b13- See also 8. ― -b14- شَقَّ بَصَرُ المَيِّتِ i. q. شَخَصَ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The eye, or eyes, of the dying man became fixedly open; or his eyelids became raised upwards, and he looked intently, and became disquieted, or disturbed ]: (M, TA:) and (TA) the dying man looked at a thing, his sight not recoiling to him: (S, K, TA:) said of him to whom death is present: (S, TA:) or [simply] the eyes of the dying man became open: (TA:) one should not say شَقَّ المَيِّتُ بَصَرَهُ: (S, M, K:) and شُقَّ, with damm to the ش, is not approved. (IAth, TA.) ― -b15- شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ, (M, K, in the S عَلَىَّ, and in the Msb عَلَيْنَا,) aor. [...]

2 شَقَّ3َ see 1, first sentence. ― -b2- شقّق الكَلَامَ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. تَشْقِيقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He uttered, or pronounced, speech, or the speech, in the best manner: (S, K, TA:) and he sought with repeated efforts, in speaking, to utter, or pronounce, the speech in the best manner. (TA.)

3 شاقّهُ ذ , (M, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. مُشَاقَّةٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and شِقَاقٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the latter inf. n. occurring in the Kur ii. 131 and iv. 39 [&c.], (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He acted with him contrariously, or adversely, (S, * M, Mgh, Msb, K,) and inimically; (K;) properly, each of them doing to the other that which was distressing, grievous, or troublesome, so that each of them was in a شِقّ [or side ] other than that of his fellow; (Msb;) or as though he became in a شِقّ, i. e. side, in respect of him: (Mgh:) accord. to Er-Rághib, the inf. n. signifies the being in a شِقّ [or side ] other than that of one's fellow: or it is from شَقُّ العَصَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ صَاحِبِكَ [meaning “ the effecting disunion and dissension between thee and thy fellow ”], so that it is tropical: (TA:) or the primary meaning of الشِّقَاقُ is the being [ mutually ] remote. (Ham p. 326.) See also 1, in the first quarter of the paragraph.

4 اشقّ النَّخْلُ ذ The palm-trees put forth their شَوَاقّ, pl. of شَاقَّةٌ [q. v.]: mentioned by Th, on the authority of some one or more of the BenooSuwáäh. (M.)

5 تشقّق ذ quasi-pass. of 2: (S, M, K:) said of firewood (S, K) &c. (S) [as meaning It became cloven in pieces ]. See 7, in two places. ― -b2- Said of lightning: see 1, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. ― -b3- Said of a horse, (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or light of flesh; slender and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (A'Obeyd, TA.)

6 تَشَاقَّا ذ , said of two adversaries, or litigants, as also ↓ اِشْتَقَّا, They wrangled, quarrelled, or contended, each with the other, (M, TA,) and took to the right and left in contention; (TA;) فِى الشَّىْءِ [ in respect of the thing ]. (M.)

7 انشقّ ذ quasi-pass. of شَقَّهُ as expl. in the first sentence of this art.: [i. e. it signifies It became divided lengthwise, cloven, split, riven or rifted, slit, rent, ripped, torn, broken, or burst, asunder; or it became cracked, chapped, incided or incised, gashed, slashed, furrowed, or trenched; or cloven, or split, &c., or cut, open: or it clave, split, &c.:] (S, M:) and in like manner, ↓ تشقّق is quasi-pass. of شَقَّقَهُ: [i. e. it signifies it became cloven or split &c., or it clave or split &c., much, or in pieces, or in several or many places: ] (M:) or the former signifies [sometimes] it opened so as to have in it an interstice. (Msb.) وَا@نْشَقَّ القَمَرُ, in the Kur liv. I, means And the moon hath been cloven (Bd, Jel) in twain, (Jel,) as a sign to the Prophet: (Bd, Jel:) or shall be cloven on the day of resurrection: but the former is confirmed by another reading, وَقَدِ أْنْشَقَّ القَمَرُ: (Bd:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the meaning is, (assumed tropical:) the case hath become manifest. (TA.) One says, انشقّ الشَّىْءُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [ The thing became cloven, &c., in halves ]. (S.) [And انشقّ مِنْهُ It became cloven, &c., from it: and it branched off from it; as a river from another river, and the like. And انشقّ عَنْهُ It clave asunder from over it, so as to disclose it: see also 8.] ― -b2- [Hence,] انشقّ فلَانٌ مِنَ الغَضَبِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one was as though his interior were filled with anger so that he split. (TA.) ― -b3- And اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (assumed tropical:) The affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disordered: (S, K, TA:) and انشقّت العَصَا بِالبَيْنِ, and ↓ تشقّقت, (Lth, M, TA,) (assumed tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, by separation: (Lth, TA:) and انشقّ الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) the affair, or state of affairs, became discomposed, deranged, or disorganized, being incongruous, or inconsistent. (M, TA.) And انشقّت عَصَا الطَّاعَةِ (assumed tropical:) [ The compact of allegiance, or obedience, became broken ]. (M.) ― -b4- انشقّ said of lightning: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

8 اِشْتِقَاقٌ ذ signifies The taking the شِقّ of a thing, (S, K,) i. e. the half thereof. (S.) One says, اشتقّ الشَّىْءَ He took the شِقّ [or half ] of the thing. (TK.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) The taking [or deriving ] a word from a word, (S, K,) with the condition of reciprocal relation in meaning and [ radical ] composition, and of reciprocal difference in form: [and it is of three kinds:] الاِشْتِقَاقُ الصَّغِيرُ is that derivation in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the letters and in the order [ thereof ]; as in ضَرَبَ from الضَّرْبُ: الاشتقاق الكَبِيرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words as to the letter and the meaning, exclusively of the order; as in جَبَذَ from الجَذْبُ: الاشتقاق الأَكْبَرُ is that in which there is a reciprocal relation between the two words in the place [or places ] of utterance; as in نَعَقَ from النَّهْقُ. (KT.) [You say, اشتقّ حَرْفًا or كَلِمَةً or لَفْظًا, and ا@سْمًا, He derived a word, and a name, مِنْ اآخَرَ from another; and ↓ شَقَّهُ sometimes signifies the same, as is shown by a citation voce رَحِمٌ.] ― -b3- [And, as syn. with اِخْتِرَاعٌ, (see 8 in art. خرع,)] The constructing, or founding, (بُنْيَان,) of a thing of, or from, what is originated without premeditation. (M.) ― -b4- And (tropical:) The taking to the right and left, (S, K, TA,) not pursuing the right, or direct, course, (S, TA,) in speech, and in contention, or disputation, or litigation: (S, K, TA:) or اِشْتِقَاقُ الكَلَامِ signifies the taking to the right and left in speech: (so in a copy of the M: [but I think that the right reading is الاِشْتِقَاقُ فِى الكَلَامِ, agreeably with what here follows:]) you say, اشتقّ فِى الكَلَامِ, and فِى الخُصُومَةِ. (TK.) See also 6. And [in like manner] one says of a horse, اشتقّ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) He went to the right and left in his running. (M. [See also أَشَقُّ.]) ― -b5- اشتقّ الطَّرِيقُ فِى الفَلَاةِ (tropical:) The road went [or branched off ] into the desert. (TA. [See also 7.])

10 استشقّ بِالجُوَالِقِ ذ He turned the sack upon one of his two sides (عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ), in order to pass through a door. (TA.) ― -b2- [استشقّ, as stated by Freytag, is expl. by Jac. Schultens, but on what authority is not said, as signifying “ Prodiit, manifestus evasit. ”]

R. Q. 1 شَقْشَقَ ذ , (JK, S, K,) inf. n. شَقْشَقَةٌ, (S,) said of a stallion [camel], He brayed [ in his شِقْشِقَة, or faucial bag ]. (JK, S, K.) [It is said that] the primary meaning of شَقْشَقَةٌ is Loudness of voice; or the being loud in voice. (JK.) ― -b2- And said of a sparrow, It uttered a cry: (K, TA:) or one says of a sparrow, يُشَقْشِقُ فِى صَوْتِهِ [app. meaning It makes a loud twittering in its cry ]. (S.)

شَقٌّ ذ sing. of شُقُوقٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) originally an inf. n.; (S, Msb;) An opening forming an interstice in a thing: (Msb:) or a fissure, cleft, chink, split, slit, rent, crack, or the like, syn. صَدْعٌ, in wood or a stick, or in a wall, or in a glass vessel [&c.]: (T, TA:) [or] a place that is مَشْقُوق [i. e. cloven or cleft, split, &c.: (see 1, first sentence: and see also مَشَقٌّ:) and often signifying an incision, a gash, or a furrow, or trench ]: (M, K:) as though an inf. n. used as a subst. in this sense: pl. as above, شُقُوقٌ: (M:) it differs from شُقَاقٌ, (S, Mgh,) by having a general signification: (Mgh:) accord. to Yaakoob, one says, بِيَدِ فُلَانٍ شُقُوقٌ (S, Mgh) and بِرِجْلِهِ (S) [i. e. In the hand, or arm, of such a one are cracks, or the like, and in his foot, or leg ]: but [it is asserted that in this case] one should not say شُقَاقٌ: (S, Mgh: [see, however, this word:]) and hence, شَقُّ القَبْرِ The trench, or oblong excavation, in the middle of the grave: and accord. to As, شُقُوقٌ signifies صُدُوع [i. e. fissures, &c.,] in mountains, and in the earth, or ground. (Mgh.) ― -b2- The rima vulvæ of a woman; i. e. the gap [or chink ] between the two edges, or borders, of the labia majora of her vulva: as also ↓ مَشَقٌّ. (M, K.) ― -b3- And (tropical:) The daybreak. (S, K, TA.) -A2- See also the next paragraph, first and fifth sentences. -A3- And see the last two sentences of the same paragraph.

شِقٌّ ذ The half (S, Mgh, Msb, K) of a thing (S, Msb, K) of any kind; as also ↓ شَقٌّ: (K:) or the half of a thing when it is cloven, or split, or divided lengthwise; (M;) as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (AHn, S, * M, K.) One says, أَخَذْتُ شِقَّ الشَّاةِ and ↓ شِقَّةَ الشَّاةِ I took the half of the sheep or goat: (S, TA:) the vulgar pronounce the ش with fet-h. (TA.) And خُذْ هٰذَا الشِّقَّ Take thou this ↓ شِقَّة [i. e. half ] of the sheep or goat. (TA.) Hence the trad., تَصَدَّقُوا وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ i. e. [ Give ye alms though it be but] the half of a date; meaning deem not anything little that is given as alms. (TA.) And المَالُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ شِقَّ الشَّعَرَةِ and الشَّعَرَةِ ↓ شَقَّ, (O, K, * [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K شقُّ, but the former reading appears to be the right, شَقَّ being an inf. n. as in a similar saying in the former half of the first paragraph of this art., and شِقَّ being a subst. used as an inf. n. or for كَشِقِّ,]) meaning [ The property is between us ] two halves, equal [ in division ]. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] A certain kind of the jinn, or genii; (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, K;) a species of diabolical beings having the form of the half of a human being. (Kzw in his Descr. of the Jinn.) ― -b3- The lateral half, or half and side; as when one says that a person paralyzed has a شِقّ inclining; and as when one speaks of the شِقّ of a مَحْمِل [meaning either of the two dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and which, with a small tent over them, compose a مَحْمِل: see this last word, and مَحَارَةٌ]. (Mgh.) ― -b4- The side of the body; as when one says of a person that his left شِقّ was grazed, or abraded. (Mgh.) [Hence,] one says of a horse, يَمِيلُ عَلَى أَحَدِ شِقَّيْهِ [ He inclines, or leans, upon one of his two sides ]. (O.) [And مَشَى عَلَى شِقٍّ and فِى شِقٍّ He went, or walked, inclining upon one side. ] ― -b5- The side, or lateral part, (Lth, Msb, K, TA,) of a thing; the two sides of a thing being called شِقَّاهُ: (Lth, TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) the side of a mountain. (S, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ شِقِّ العَشِيرَةِ لَا مِنْ صَمِيمِهَا (assumed tropical:) [ Such a one is of the collateral class of the kinsfolk, or tribe, not of the main stock thereof ]. (Mgh in art. عرض.) ― -b6- I. q. ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [which primarily signifies The cloven-off half of a thing; i. e.,] when a thing is cloven in halves, each of the halves is called the شَقِيق of the other. (S, K.) ― -b7- [And hence, (assumed tropical:) The counterpart of a person or thing: and this appears to be meant by J, and accord. to SM in the K, where it is said that شِقٌّ is syn. with ↓ شَقِيقٌ; for they add immediately after:] one says هُوَ أَخِى وَشِقُّ نَفْسِى (tropical:) [ He is my brother, and the counterpart of myself ]; (S, TA;) as though he were cloven from me, because of the resemblance of each of us to the other. (TA.) One says also, هذَا ↓ شَقِيقُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) This is the like of him, or it. (TA.) And [hence] it is said in a trad., النِّسَاآءُ شَقَائِقُ الرِّجَالِ, [in which شَقَائِقُ is the pl. of ↓ شَقِيقٌ as fem., or of شَقِيقَةٌ in the same sense,] meaning (assumed tropical:) Women are the likes of men in natural dispositions; as though they were cloven from them; or because Eve was created from Adam. (TA.) ― -b8- And (tropical:) A man's brother; (M;) and so ↓ شَقِيقٌ; (S, M, O, K, TA;) meaning a brother by the father and mother; (TA;) from شَقِيقٌ as meaning “ either half of a thing that is cloven in halves; ” (S, TA;) or as though the relationship of one were cloven from that of the other: (IDrd, O, K:) pl. of the latter أَشِقَّاآءُ. (M, Msb.) ― -b9- And a name for A thing at which one looks: (Lth, O, K:) [but this is app. taken from the following saying of Lth, in which I think الشِّقُّ is a mistranscription for الشَّقُّ, meaning “ the crack, ” &c.:] الشَّقُّ is the inf. n. of شَقَقْتُ, and الشِّقُّ is a name for that at which one looks [i. e. for the visible effect of the act signified by the verb], and the pl. is الشُّقُوقُ [which is well known as the pl. of الشَّقُّ]. (JK.) -A2- Also i. q. ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) i. e. Difficulty, hardship, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness; (M, TA;) and languor, or lack of power, that overtakes the mind and the body; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and so ↓ شَقٌّ; (IJ, S, M, O, K;) thus it is sometimes pronounced with fet-h; mentioned by A'Obeyd; (S;) and by AZ; (M;) or this is an inf. n., and شِقٌّ is the subst.; (O, K;) and ↓ شُقَّةٌ and ↓ شِقَّةٌ also signify the same as مَشَقَّةٌ, (K,) or such as overtakes a man in consequence of travel; (TA;) and the pls. of these two are شُقَقٌ, (K, TA,) mentioned by Fr, (TA,) and شِقَقٌ, (K, TA,) mentioned on the authority of some one or more of [the tribe of] Keys: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ مَشَقَّةٌ is مَشَاقُّ and مَشَقَّاتٌ. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xvi. 7], لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَالِغِيهِ اـِلَّا بِشِقِ ا@لْأَنْفُسِ [ Which ye would not reach save with difficulty, or distress, &c., of the souls ]; where some read ↓ بِشَقِّ. (S, * TA.)

شُقَّةٌ ذ primarily signifies The half of a garment [ consisting of two oblong pieces sewed together, side by side ]: then it was applied to [ such ] a garment as it is [ when complete: in both of these senses it is used in the present day]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or a piece (قِطْعَةٌ) of a garment: (Mgh:) or the شُقَّة of ثِيَاب [thus, and thus only, in the S, meaning of garments and of cloths, for it is of both,] is an oblong piece; syn. سَبِيبَةٌ مُسْتَطِيلَةٌ: (M, K:) [it is often applied to an oblong piece of cloth of those pieces of which a tent is composed: ] pl. شُقَقٌ and شِقَاقٌ. (M, Mgh, TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ يَبِيعُ شِقَاقَ الكَتَّانِ [ Such a one sells pieces, or oblong pieces, &c., of linen ]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also A piece of a مَزَادَة [q. v.]. (B, TA in art. بصر.) ― -b3- And A piece, or portion, [or tract, ] of Hell; likewise pronounced ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (Ham p. 816.) ― -b4- And A far journey; as also ↓ شِقَّةٌ, (S, M, K,) sometimes thus pronounced with kesr: (S:) a far, long journey: a far-extending space: (TA:) or a road difficult to him who travels it: (Mgh:) or [simply] a journey: and i. q. ثنيا [so in my copy of the Msb, app. a mistranscription for ثَنِيَّة, i. e. a mountain-road, &c.]: pl. شُقَقٌ. (Msb.) ― -b5- And A part, region, quarter, or tract, (Ibn-'Arafeh, Er-Rághib, K, TA,) towards which one draws near, (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA,) or towards which the traveller directs himself, (K, TA,) [like شُكَّةٌ,] or in the reaching of which one is overtaken by difficulty, or distress; (Er-Rághib, TA;) And ↓ شِقَّةٌ signifies the same. (K.) ― -b6- And Distance; and so ↓ شِقَّةٌ. (K.) ― -b7- See also شِقٌّ, last sentence but one.

شِقَّةٌ ذ A splinter (S, K) that splits off, (S,) or a piece (M, Mgh, TA) split off, (M, TA,) of a plank, (S, M, K, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) or of a piece of wood, (S, Mgh,) or other thing: (M, TA:) a piece split, or divided, lengthwise, of a staff, or stick, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, &c.: (IDrd, O, K:) and a piece split (K, TA) from anything; such as the half: (TA:) pl. شِقَقٌ. (O, TA.) One says of him who is angry, اِحْتَدَّ فَطَارَتْ مِنْهُ شِقَّةٌ فِى الأَرْضِ وَشِقَّةٌ فِى السَّمَاآءِ (assumed tropical:) [ He became excited by sharpness of temper, or angriness, and he was as though a bit flew from him upon the ground, and a bit into the sky ]. (S, * M, TA: in the S, فى الارض &c. is omitted.) See also شِقٌّ, first three sentences. ― -b2- See also شُقَّةٌ, in four places. ― -b3- And see شِقٌّ, again, last sentence but one.

شَقَقٌ ذ The quality, in a horse, (M, K,) and in a man, (M,) denoted by the epithet أَشَقُّ [q. v.]. (M, K.)