Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

عِشِّيقٌ ذ Affected with much عِشْق; (ISk, S, O, K;) applied to a man. (ISk, S, O.)

عَشِيقٌ ذ Loving excessively; [or passionately; ] &c.; (Msb, K;) [or an excessive, or a passionate, lover; ] as also ↓ عَاشِقَةٌ: (TA:) the former applied to a man and to a woman, (Msb, K,) and عَاشِقَةٌ also is applied to a woman, (K:) they said اِمْرَأَةٌ عَاشِقٌ لِزَوْجِهَا [ A woman excessively, or passionately, loving to her husband ]; (Fr, S, O;) and sometimes they said عَاشِقَةٌ: (O:) pl. عُشَّاقٌ (TA) [and عُشَّقٌ, mentioned in the O as an epithet applied to eyes (عُيُون), by Ru-beh]: it is asserted that the عَاشِق is thus called from العَشَقَةُ meaning the لَبْلَابَة, because of his becoming dried up: (O, TA:) or from عَشِقَ بِهِ, because of his cleaving to the object of his love. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] عَاشِقُ الأَبْكَارِ an appellation of The insect called حُرْقُوص [q. v.]; because of its entering into the فَرْج of the virgin girl. (IB, TA voce حرقوص.)

مَعْشَقٌ ذ : see عِشْقٌ.

مَعْشُوقٌ ذ : see عَشِيقٌ.

1 عَشَا ذ , (TA, and so accord. to some copies of the K,) first pers. عَشَوْتُ, (S,) aor. يَعْشُو, (TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; (KL;) as also عَشِىَ, like رَضِىَ [i. e. having for its aor. يَعْشَى, but the inf. n. is app. عَشًا, as in the similar sense expl. in the next sentence]; (TA, and so in my MS. copy of the K;) i. q. ↓ تعشّى, (S, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of preceding verbs, and] which signifies He ate the [ eveningmeal, or evening-repast, or supper, i. e. what is called the ] عَشَاآء. (Msb, K, TA.) And عَشِيَتِ الاـِبِلُ, (ISk, S, K, TA,) aor. تَعْشَى, inf. n. عَشًا, (ISk, S, TA,) i. q. ↓ تَعَشَّت [i. e. The camels ate the evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the عَشَاآء]. (ISk, S, K, TA.) ― -b2- And عَشَاهُ, (K,) first pers. عَشَوْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. يَعْشُوهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. عَشْوٌ; (K, TA;) and inf. n. عَشْىٌ also, (TA, and thus in some copies of the K,) thus correctly, as in the M, عشيانًا in [some of] the copies of the K being a mistake for عَشْيًا, the aor. being also يَعْشِيهِ; (TA;) i. q. ↓ عشّاهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [which is more commonly used than either of the preceding verbs,] inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, (S,) i. e. He fed him (namely, a man, Msb, or a horse, or a camel, (S) with the [ evening-meal, or supper, or the evening-pasture or evening-feed, i. e. what is called the ] عَشَاآء; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اعشاهُ: (K:) and عَشَا الاـِبِلَ, (K, TA,) like دَعَا [i. e. having for its aor. يَعْشُو]; (TA;) and ↓ عشّاها; He pastured the camels by night. (K, TA.) -A2- عَشَوْتُهُ also signifies I repaired, or betook myself, to, or towards, him, or it, by night: and hence ↓ عَاشٍ is applied to any one repairing, or betaking himself, to or towards [an object]. (S.) ― -b2- And عَشَوْتُ اـِلَى النَّارِ, aor. أَعْشُو, inf. n. عَشْوٌ, I sought to be directed, or guided, or I directed, or guided, myself, by weak eyesight, to the fire: (S:) or I looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, and repaired, or betook myself, to it, or towards it; and I saw it, or looked towards it trying whether I could see it, and sought to be directed, or guided, to it by its light: (Har p. 535:) El-Hotei-ah says, مَتَى تأْتِهِ تَعْشُو اـِلَى ضَوْءِ نَارِهِ تَجِدْ خَيْرَ نَارٍ عِنْدَهَا خَيْرُ مُوقِدِ [ When thou comest to him, looking with blinking eyes towards the light of his fire and seeking to be guided by it thereto, thou findest the best fire, and at it is the best kindler ]; meaning مَتَى تَأْتِهِ عَاشِيًا; using the marfooa verb between two verbs whereof each is mejzoom because the verb in the future tense when it occurs in the place of a denotative of state is marfooa: (S:) or عَشَا النَّارَ and اـِلَى النَّارِ, inf. n. عَشْوٌ and عُشُوٌّ; as also النَّارَ ↓ اعتشى and بِالنَّارِ; signifies he saw the fire by night from afar, and repaired, or betook himself, to it, or towards it, seeking to light himself thereby, (K, TA,) and hoping to obtain thereby guidance and good. (TA.) ― -b3- And عَشَا عَنِ النَّارِ He turned away and went from the light of the fire. (TA.) ― -b4- And عَشَوْتُ عَنْهُ I went, or turned, from him, or it, to another: whence, it is said, the saying in the Kur [xlii. 35], وَمَنْ يَعْشُ عَنْ ذِكْرِ ا@لرَّحْمٰنِ [ And such as turns from the admonition of the Compassionate ]. (S. See another explanation of this saying in what follows.) [This and other meanings expl. below are app. from what here next follows.] ― -b5- عَشِىَ, aor. يَعْشَى, (S, Msb, K,) dual يَعْشَيَانِ, not يَعْشَوَانِ, (S,) inf. n. عَشًا, (S, Msb, K,) He was, or became, weak-sighted: (Msb:) or he did not see by night, but saw by day: (S:) or he had bad sight by night and by day: or he was, or became, blind: [said of a man, and of a beast of the equine kind, and of a camel, and of a bird: (see عَشًا, below:)] and عَشَا, aor. يَعْشُو, signifies the same: (K:) or the two verbs differ in meaning; so as that وَمَنْ يَعْشَ عَنْ ذِكْرِ ا@لرَّحْمٰنِ, in the Kur xliii. 35, thus read by some, means (assumed tropical:) And such as is blind to the admonition of the Compassionate, i. e., to the Kur-án; but مَنْ يَعْشُ, as others read, (assumed tropical:) such as feigns himself blind: (Ksh and Bd: *) [see also 6: and see another explanation of the latter reading, above: or] عَشَا signifies also he (a man, TA) did as does the أَعْشَى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) One says also, عشى مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, aor. يعشو, [thus in my original, but the pret. is app. عَشِىَ, and the aor. يَعْشَى,] meaning He lacked strength of sight to perceive the thing. (TA.) And عَشِىَ عَنْ حَقِّهِ like عَمِىَ in measure and in meaning [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, blind to his right, or due ]. (TA.) And لَا يَعْشَى اـِلَّا بَعْدَ مَا يَعْشُو is one of their sayings, meaning [app. He will not become weak-sighted except ] after his eating the [ eveningmeal called the ] عَشَاآء: (TA:) [for it is said that] the eating of food in the night occasions weakness of sight more than [do] other things. (Har p. 52. [العشاآء is there written in one instance for العَشَا.]) ― -b6- عَشِىَ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. عَشًا, means He wronged him; treated him wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.)

2 عَشَّوَ see 1, former half, in two places. One says, عَشِّ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ, (Meyd, TA,) or عَشِّ اـِبِلَكَ وَلَا تَغْتَرَّ [a prov., meaning Pasture thy camels by night, and be not negligent, or be not made to desire what is vain, or false ]. (S. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 92.]) And عَشَّيْتُ الاـِبِلَ عَنِ الوِرْدِ I pastured the camels with the [ evening-pasture called ] عَشَاآء, so that they might come to the water having satisfied themselves with food: and in like manner one says, ضَحَّيْتُهَا عَنْهُ. (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى.) And عَشِّ رُوَيْدًا Pasture thou the camels in the evening (عَشِيًّا) gently: and in like manner one says, ضَحِّ رُوَيْدًا. (A, TA.) And hence, عشّى عَنِ الأَمْرِ (inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, K) (tropical:) He acted gently, or deliberately, in the affair: (A and TA in art. ضحو and ضحى, and S * and K * in the present art.:) and in like manner, ضَحَّى عَنْهُ. (A and TA in the former art., and S * in the present art.) -A2- See also the next paragraph. [Hence,] عشّى الطَّيْرَ, inf. n. تَعْشِيَةٌ, He kindled a fire for the birds in order that they might become dim-sighted (لِتَعْشَى) and consequently be captured. (M, K.)

4 أَعْشَوَ see 1, former half. ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] اعشى also signifies (assumed tropical:) He gave. (K.) -A2- And اعشاهُ He (God) rendered him أَعْشَى [i. e. weak-sighted, &c.: and in like manner one says ↓ عشّاهُ: see 2, last sentence; and see also Har p. 52].

5 تَعَشَّوَ see 1, first quarter, in two places. One says also, تعشّى بِهِ He fed himself with it [ in the evening, or] in the time called the عِشَاآء: and [in like manner] تَتَعَشَّاهُ is said of camels [as meaning they feed themselves with it, or pasture upon it, in the evening ]. (TA.) And when one says to thee, تَعَشَّ [ Eat thou the evening-meal ], thou sayest, مَا بِى تَعَشٍّ, (S,) or مَا بِى مِنْ تَعَشٍّ, (TA,) [ I have no desire for eating the evening-meal; see 5 in art. غدو;] and not مَا بِى عَشَاآءٌ, (S,) or not ما بي مِنْ عَشَاآءٍ (TA.) -A2- See also 6. -A3- And تعشّاهُ signifies also He gave him an عِشْوَة [or عُشْوَة, i. e. a firebrand ]. (TA.)

6 تعاشى ذ He feigned himself أَعْشَى [i. e. weaksighted, &c.; and so ↓ تعشّى as used by Bd in xliii. 35]. (S, TA.) ― -b2- And [hence] (tropical:) He feigned himself ignorant, (K, TA,) عَنْ كَذَا [ of such a thing ], as though he did not see it; like تَعَامَى. (TA.)

8 اعتشى ذ He journeyed in the time of the عِشَاآء [or nightfall ]: (K, TA:) like اهتجر meaning “ he journeyed in the time of the هَاجِرَة. ” (TA.) -A2- See also 1, latter half.

10 استعشاهُ ذ He found him to be deviating from the right course, or acting wrongfully, injuriously, unjustly, or tyrannically, (وَجَدَهُ جَائِرًا, K, TA, in some copies of the K حَائِرًا,) فِى حَقِّ أَصْحَابِهِ [ in respect of the right, or due, of his companions ]. (TA.) -A2- And استعشى نَارًا He guided himself by means of a fire. (K.)

عِشْوٌ ذ A bowl (قَدَح) of milk which is drunk at the time when the sheep, or goats, return from the pasture in the evening or afternoon, or after that time. (K.)

عِشْىٌ ذ : see عَشَاآءٌ.

عَشًا ذ inf. n. of عَشِىَ: (S, Msb, K:) [used as a simple subst., Weakness of sight: or sightlessness by night with ability to see by day: or] badness of sight by night and by day; as also ↓ عَشَاوَةٌ: (K:) it is in human beings, and beasts of the equine kind (دَوَابّ), and camels, and birds; as is said in the M: (TA:) or it is darkness that happens to the eye: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or blindness; (K, TA;) i. e. absolute destitution of sight. (TA.)

عَشٍ ذ applied to a he-camel, and عَشِيَةٌ applied to a she-camel, That exceeds the other camels in the [ evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called ] عَشَاآء; each after the manner of the possessive epithet, having no verb. (TA. [And عَشِىٌّ is said to have a similar meaning.]) -A2- See also أَعْشَى.

عَشْوَةٌ ذ Darkness, (K, TA,) in [any part of] the night and in the سَحَر [or period a little before daybreak]; (TA;) as also ↓ عَشْوَاآءُ: (K:) or the first of the darkness of the night: (Az, TA:) or the period between the beginning and [ the end of ] the [ first ] quarter of the night: (AZ, S, K:) thus in the saying, مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ عَشْوَةٌ [ A period between the beginning &c. of the night passed ]: and one says also, أَخَذْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالعَشْوَةِ, meaning [ I laid hold upon them ] in the blackness of night: (AZ, S:) the dim. is ↓ عُشَيَّةٌ. (Az, TA.) In the saying جَاآءَ عَشْوَةَ, meaning عِشَاآءً [i. e. He came at nightfall ], it [is an adv. n. which] may not be used otherwise than thus: you may not say, مَضَتْ عَشْوَةُ. (TA.) ― -b2- العشوة [app. العَشْوَةُ] as meaning العَشَاآءُ, like الغدوة [app. الغَدْوَةُ] as meaning الغَدَاآءُ, is vulgar. (TA.) -A2- Also The venturing upon, or embarking in, an affair that is not clear; as also ↓ عِشْوَةٌ and ↓ عُشْوَةٌ: (S, K:) one says, أَوْطَأْتَنِى عَشْوَةً and عِشْوَةً and عُشْوَةً, meaning [ Thou hast made me to venture upon, or embark in, ] a confused and dubious affair: this is when you tell him of a thing by means of which you have made him to fall into perplexity or trial. (S.) ― -b2- خَبَّاطُ عَشَوَاتٍ, occurring in a trad., see expl. in art. خبط.

عُشْوَةٌ ذ : see عَشْوَةٌ. -A2- Also, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ عِشْوَةٌ, (K, TA,) A fire which one sees by night from afar, and to which, or towards which, he repairs, or betakes himself, seeking to light himself thereby: (K, TA:) or (TA) a firebrand (شُعْلَةٌ مِنْ نَارٍ). (S, TA.)

عِشْوَةٌ ذ : see عَشْوَةٌ: -A2- and see also عُشْوَةٌ.

عَشْوَى ذ A state of perplexity, and of having little guidance: so in the saying, اـِنَّهُمْ لَفِى عَشْوَى أَمْرِهِمْ [or, perhaps, مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ, i. e. Verily they are in a state of perplexity, &c., in respect of their case, or affair ]. (TA.)

عَشَوِىٌّ ذ Of, or relating to, the [ time called ] عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ, q. v.]. (S.)

عُشْوَانٌ ذ A species of dates: (IDrd, K, TA:) or of palm-tress, (K, TA,) of such as are late in bearing. (TA.)

عَشْيَانُ ذ , (S, K, TA,) originally عَشْوَانُ, like غَدْيَانُ [q. v.] which is originally غَدْوَانُ, (TA,) A man (S) eating the [ evening-meal, or eveningrepast, i. e. what is called the ] عَشَاآء; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَاشٍ. (TA.)

عَشَاآءٌ ذ The meal, or repast, (S, Msb, K,) of the عِشَاآء [or nightfall ], (S, * Msb,) or of the عَشِىّ [or late part of the evening, &c.]; (S, * K, TA;) [i. e. supper, in a general sense;] opposed to غَدَاآءٌ; (S;) as also ↓ عِشْىٌ: (K: [in the CK, العِشٰى is erroneously put for العِشْىُ:]) and in like manner both are used in relation to camels [as meaning their evening-pasture, or evening-feed: see an ex. voce عَتَمَةٌ, and another voce أَقْعَسُ]: (S, TA:) pl. of the former أَعْشِيَةٌ; (K, TA;) to which is added, in [some of] the copies of the K, and عُشِىٌّ; but this is correctly عَشِىَ, [or عَشَا, as in some copies,] and commences another sentence. (TA.)

عِشَاآءٌ ذ [The time of nightfall; i. e.] the first, or beginning, of the darkness (Msb, K) of night: (Msb:) [this is the sense in which it is generally used, and always when it is used as applied to one of the five times of the divinely-appointed acts of prayer; صَلَاةُ العِشَاآءِ, and elliptically العِشَاآءُ alone, meaning the prayer of nightfall: ] or it is [the time ] when the sun has disappeared: (Az, TA:) or [the time ] from sunset (K) [i. e.] from the prayer of sunset (Msb, TA) to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall ]; (Msb, K, TA;) [and this is what is meant by its being said that it is] syn. with عَشِىٌّ: (S:) or [the time ] from the زَوَال [meaning the declining of the sun from the meridian ] to the rising of the dawn: (S, K:) so some assert, and they cite, as an ex., غَدَوْنَا غُدْوَةً سَحَرًا بِلَيْلٍ عِشَاآءً بَعْدَ مَا ا@نْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ [ We went early in the morning, a little before daybreak, in a period between the declining of the sun from the meridian and the rising of the dawn, after the daytime had become halved ]: (S, TA:) [sometimes] the Arabs said, أَقْبَلَتِ العِشَاآءُ, meaning العَشِيَّةُ; and هٰذَا العَشِيَّةُ, meaning العِشَاآءُ. (Msb voce صَوْتٌ.) العِشَااآنِ means The time of sunset and the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall ]: (IF, S, Msb, K: [compare הָעַרְבַּיִם in Exodus xii. 6 and xvi. 12:]) this is accord. to the saying that the عِشَاآء is from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة. (TA.)

عَشَاوَةٌ ذ : see عَشًا.

عَشِىٌّ ذ [The late part of the evening: or the evening: or the afternoon: i. e.] the last, or the latter, part of the day; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: (K, TA:) this is the meaning commonly known: (Mgh:) or [the time ] from the prayer of sunset to the عَتَمَة [or darkness after nightfall ]; (S, Msb, TA;) like عِشَاآءٌ; (Msb;) and so ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ: you say, أَتَيْتُهُ عَشِىَّ أَمْسِ and أَمْسِ ↓ عَشِيَّةَ [ I came to him late in the evening, or in the time between sunset and nightfall, &c., of yesterday ]: (S, TA:) or عَشِىٌّ has the meaning expl. in the K [and mentioned above]; but ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ relates to one day: and one says, جِئْتُهُ عَشِيَّةً [ I came to him late in an evening, &c.] and عَشِيَّةَ [ late this evening, &c.], and أَتَيْتُهُ العَشِيَّةَ I came to him in the عشيّة [or late part of the evening, &c.,] of this day; and اآتِيهِ عَشِىَّ غَدٍ [ I will come to him in the late part of the evening, &c., of to-morrow (in my original اتيته, an obvious mistranscription,)] without ة when relating to the future; and أَتَيْتُكَ عَشِيًّا [ I came to thee in the late part of an evening, &c.]; and أَتَيْتُهُ بِالغَدَاةِ وَالعَشِىِّ i. e. [ I came to him early in the morning and late in the evening, &c., meaning,] every عَشِيَّة [or عَشِىّ] and غَدَاة: (TA:) or, as some say, ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is a sing. [or n. un.] and عَشِىٌّ is its pl. [or a coll. gen. n.]: and, as IAmb says, sometimes the Arabs make ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ masc., as meaning عَشِىٌّ: (Msb:) or عَشِىٌّ signifies the time between the declining of the sun [ from the meridian ] and sunset: (Az, Mgh, Msb, TA:) or [the time ] from the declining of the sun [ from the meridian ] to the صَبَاح [app. here, as generally, meaning morning ]: (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA:) and sometimes it means the night: (TA:) the pl. is عَشَايَا and عَشِيَّاتٌ, (K, TA,) the former of which [is pl. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, like the latter, or perhaps of عَشِىٌّ also, and] is originally عَشَايِوُ, then عَشَايِىُ, then عَشَائِىُ, then عَشَاءَى, and then عَشَايَا: (TA:) the dim, of عَشِىٌّ is ↓ عُشَيَّانٌ, irreg., as though formed from عَشْيَانٌ, and its pl. is عُشَيَّانَاتٌ; and another form of its dim. is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: and the dim. of ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ is ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pl. عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: (S, TA:) one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ عُشَيْشَةً [another form of dim., properly meaning I met him in a short period of a late part of an evening, &c.], and [in like manner] ↓ عُشَيْشَانًا, and ↓ عُشَيَّانًا [in some copies of the K عشّانا], and ↓ عُشَيْشِيَةً [accord. to the Mgh meaning عِشَاآءً], and عُشَيْشَاتٍ, and عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٍ. (K.) صَلَاتَا العَشِىِّ [ The two prayers of the afternoon ] means the two prayers of the ظُهْر and the عَصْر; (Az, Mgh, Msb, K;) because they are in the latter part of the day (فِى اآخِرِ النَّهَارِ), after the زَوَال [or declining of the sun from the meridian]. (TA.) In the phrase أَوْضُحَاهَا ↓ عَشِيَّةً [i. e. A late part of an evening, &c., or its early portion of the forenoon, meaning or an early portion of the forenoon of the same civil day ], in the Kur lxxix. last verse, the ضحى is prefixed to [the pronoun referring to] the عشيّة because the ضحى and the عشيّة belong to the same [civil] day, [for this day is reckoned as the period from sunset to sunset,] (Ksh Bd, Jel, *) and also [by a kind of poetic license, for the sake of the rhyme, i. e.] because ضحاها occurs as a فَاصِلَة [q. v.]. (Jel.) ― -b2- عَشِىٌّ also signifies, (K, TA,) and so does ↓ عَشِيَّةٌ, (K,) Clouds (K, TA) coming late in the evening or at eventide (عَشِيًّا). (TA.) ― -b3- And the former, as an epithet applied to a camel, That continues long eating the عَشَاآء [i. e. evening-pasture, or evening-feed ]: fem. with ة. (K. [See also عَشٍ.])

عَشِيَّةٌ ذ : see عَشِىٌّ, in ten places.

عُشَيَّةٌ ذ dim. of عَشْوَةٌ, q. v.

عُشَيَّانٌ ذ , pl. عُشَيَّانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ, in two places.

عُشَيْشَةٌ ذ and عُشَيْشِيَةٌ, pls. عُشَيْشَاتٌ and عُشَيْشِيَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ; the latter in two places.

عُشَيْشَانٌ ذ and عُشَيْشِيَانٌ, pl., of the latter عُشَيْشِيَانَاتٌ: see عَشِىٌّ.

عَاشٍ ذ : see عَشْيَانُ. The fem., عَاشِيَةٌ, applied to camels, means Eating the [ evening-pasture, or evening-feed, called the ] عَشَاآء. (ISk, S, K.) It is said in a prov., العَاشِيَةُ تَهِيجُ الاآبِيَةَ [ Such as are eating the عشاآء excite such as desire not, or refuse; or she that is eating &c.]: i. e., when the camels that desire not, or refuse, the عشاآء see those that are eating it, they follow them, and eat it with them. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 83.]) And [the pl.] العَوَاشِى, (S, K, TA,) [when indeterminate, عَوَاشٍ,] as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, (TA.) signifies Those (S, K, TA) camels, and sheep or goats, (K, TA,) that are pasturing by night. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- See also 1, former half. ― -b3- [Hence,] عَاشِيَةٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any man or animal ] looking and repairing, by night, towards the fire of a person who entertains guests. (TA.)

أَعْشَى ذ Weak-sighted: (Msb:) or sightless by night, but seeing by day: (S:) or having bad sight by night and by day: and so ↓ عَش: (K:) fem. عَشْوَاآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a woman; (S, Msb;) [the masc. being applied to a man, and either masc. or fem. to a beast of the equine kind, and a camel, and a bird, (see عَشًا,)] and dual masc. أَعْشَيَانِ (TA) and fem. عَشْوَاوَانِ: (S, TA:) [and pl. عُشْىٌ.] ― -b2- The fem. عَشْوَاآءُ also particularly signifies. A she-camel that sees not before her, (S, K, TA,) [or that has weak sight, ] and therefore strikes everything with her fore feet, (S, TA,) not paying attention to the places of her feet [ on the ground ]. (TA.) [Hence] one says, رَكِبَ فُلَانٌ العَشْوَاآءَ, meaning (tropical:) Such a one prosecuted his affair without mental perception, or without certainty. (S, TA.) And خَبَطَهُ خَبْطَ عَشْوَاآءَ (K, TA) (tropical:) He did it [ at random, or] without aim; thus accord. to the M: (TA:) or be ventured upon it without mental perception, and without certainty: (K, * TA:) or, as some say, he took it upon himself without his endeavouring to ascertain the right course; the doing of which is sometimes, or often, attended with error: it is a prov., applied to him who goes at random and does not care for the result of his conduct. (TA. [See also 1 in art. خبط.]) ― -b3- And عُقَابٌ عَشْوَاآءُ An eagle that cares not how it beats the ground, and where it strikes with its talons. (TA.) ― -b4- See also the fem. voce عَشْوَةٌ.

[ مُتَعَشًّى ذ A place in which one eats the eveningmeal, or supper. ]

عِشْىٌ ذ : and عَشِىٌّ, &c.: see in art. عشو.

عُصَصٌ ذ and عُصُصٌ: see عُصْعُصٌ.

عُصُوصٌ ذ : see what next follows.

عُصْعُصٌ ذ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and عُصْعَصٌ (O, Msb) and عَصْعَصٌ (IAar, Mgh, O, K) and عُصَعِصٌ (IAar, K, TA) and ↓ عُصَصٌ and ↓ عُصُصٌ and ↓ عُصْعُوصٌ (IAar, O, K) and ↓ عُصُوصٌ (L, TA) The [ caudal bone called the ] عَجْب [q. v.] of the tail; (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán, ” S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) which is felt by him who feels for it; (Zj ubi suprà;) i. e., the [ os coccygis, or] tail-bone; (S;) the small bone between the two buttocks: (Mgh:) or that of which the upper part is the عَجْب, and its lower part the ذَنَب: or the internal extremity of the spine; and the عَجْب is its external extremity: (Az, in L, voce قُحْقُحٌ:) it is said to be the first part that is created, and the last that wastes away: (S, O:) or i. q. قُحْقُحٌ [q. v.]: (IAar, O voce عُكْدَةٌ:) pl. عَصَاعِصُ. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- Also عُصْعُصٌ (Mgh, IAth) and عَصْعَصٌ (Mgh) What is in the middle of the أَلْيَة [or tail, or fat of the tail, ] of the sheep; (Mgh;) [i. e.,] flesh-meat in the interior of that part: (IAth, TA:) this is what the doctors of practical law mean by this word in speaking of sales: (Mgh:) pl. as above. (IAth, TA.) ― -b3- Also عُصْعُصٌ (assumed tropical:) A man (IF, O) compact and strong in make. (IF, O, K.) ― -b4- Also, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) or ضَيِّقُ العُصْعُصِ, (O, L, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A man (Ibn-'Abbád, L,) unpropitious, or mean, or hard, (L, K, TA,) having little, or no, good, or goodness. (Ibn- 'Abbád, O, L, K, TA.)

عَصْعَصَةٌ ذ Pain of the عُصْعُص. (O, K.)

عُصْعُوصٌ ذ : see عُصْعُصٌ.

1 عَصَبَ ذ , aor. عَصِبَ , (K,) inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) He twisted [a thing], or wound [it] round: (A, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and he folded [it]; (A, K;) or he folded [it] tightly: (S, O, TA:) and he bound [it], or tied [it]: (A, Mgh, K, TA:) عَصْبٌ denotes the binding, or tying, a thing with another thing, lengthwise, or [more commonly] around. (O.) See also 2, first sentence. [And see مَعْصُوبٌ.] ― -b2- He twisted, or spun, thread. (K, * TA.) And He put together thread, and bound it, previously to dyeing it. (TA.) ― -b3- عَصَبَ الكَبْشَ, (S, O, Msb, K, *] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) He bound, or tied, ( tightly, TA) the testicles of the ram, in order that they might fall, without his extracting them: (S, O, Msb, K:) and in like manner one says of a goat, (K,) and of other beasts. (TA.) ― -b4- عَصَبَ النَّاقَةَ, (O, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K, TA,) and عِصَابٌ also; (TA;) and ↓ اعتصبها; (O, K;) He bound the thighs of the she-camel, (Msb, K, TA,) or the lower parts of her nostrils, (TA,) with a cord, (Msb, TA,) in order that she might yield her milk copiously: (Msb, K, TA:) and (O) عَصَبَ فَخِذَ النَّاقَةِ [ He bound the thigh of the she-camel ] for that purpose. (S, O.) [See عَصُوبٌ.] Hence one says, أَعْطَى عَلَى العَصْبِ (tropical:) He gave by means of force. (TA.) And مِثْلِى لَا يَدِرُّ بِالعِصَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one as I am will not give by means of force. (A, TA.) ― -b5- عَصَبَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman) bound her vulva with a bandage. (Msb.) ― -b6- عَصَبَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. عَصِبَ , inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (K,) He drew together the branches of the tree (S, O, K, TA) that were straggling, (K, TA,) by means of a rope, (TA,) and then beat it, (S, O, K, TA,) in order that its leaves might fall. (S, O, TA.) [Golius assigns this signification also to عَصَّبَ, as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it.] El-Hajjáj said, (S, TA,) when preaching to the people at El-Koofeh, (TA,) لَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمِ (S) or السَّلَمَةِ (TA) [ I will assuredly draw you together and beat you as one does the selem or the selemeh ]. The سَلَمَة is a tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having thorns, and its leaves are the قَرَظ with which hides are tanned: [but see قَرَظٌ:] the removal of the leaves with the hand being difficult on account of the many thorns, its branches are drawn together and bound tightly with a rope; then the beater pulls them towards him, and beats them with his staff; whereupon the leaves become scattered for the cattle and for him who desires to gather them. (TA.) Or this is done, (S, O, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) only (TA) when they desire to cut down the selemeh, that they may get at the stock. (S, O, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا تُعْصَبُ سَلَمَاتُهُ [ Such a one will not have his selemehs bound round with a rope, and beaten ]: a prov., applied to a strong, mighty man, not to be subdued nor abased. (A, * TA.) And one says also of winds, تَعْصِبُ الشَّجَرَ عِنْدَ دُرُوجِهَا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [ They compress the branches of the trees, as though they bound them round, in their passage among them ]: and such winds are termed ↓ عَصَائِبُ. (O.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمَ, aor. عَصِبَ , inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, or event,) drew the people together, and became severe to them. (Az, TA.) ― -b7- عَصَبَ صَدْعَ الزُجَاجَةِ بِضَبَّةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ He (a smith) repaired the crack of the glass vessel by putting round it a band of silver. (O, TA.) ― -b8- عَصَبَ بِرَأْسِ قَوْمِهِ العَارَ (assumed tropical:) He made disgrace to befall his people [ as though he bound it upon the head of their chief or upon the head of each of them ]. (O.) It is related in a trad. respecting the battle of Bedr, that 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah said, اِرْجِعُوا وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا وَا@عْصِبُوهَا بِرَأْسِى (assumed tropical:) [ Return ye, and fight not; and bind it upon my head ]; meaning attach and attribute to me the disgrace that will befall you for relinquishing the battle and inclining to peace. (IAth, TA.) And it is said in another trad., قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَكُمْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Fulfil ye the obligations with which He (meaning God) has bound you; or which He has imposed upon you and attached to you; by his commands and prohibitions. (TA.) ― -b9- عَصَبَ الشَّىْءَ and عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, aor. عَصِبَ , inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عِصَابٌ, He grasped the thing with his hand. (K, * TA.) A poet, cited by IAar, says, وَكُنَّا يَا قُرَيْشُ اـِذَا عَصَبْنَا يَجِىْءُ عِصَابُنَا بِدَمٍ عَبِيطِ [ And we were, O Kureysh, when we grasped our opponents, such that our grasping brought fresh blood ]; عِصَابُنَا meaning our grasping those whom we opposed with the swords. (TA.) ― -b10- And عَصَبَ, aor. عَصِبَ , inf. n. عَصْبٌ, He clung, or kept, to a thing. (K.) One says, عَصَبَ المَاآءَ He kept to, or by, the water. (IAar, TA.) And عَصَبَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ The man remained, or stayed, in his house, or tent, not quitting it. (O, TA.) ― -b11- And He went round, encompassed, or surrounded, a thing. (K.) It is said in a trad., of the angel Gabriel, on the day of Bedr, قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ الغُبَارُ The dust had overspread, [or surrounded, ] and clung to, his head: or, as some relate it, قَدْ عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ الغُبَارُ; and if this be not a mistake, the latter verb is syn. with the former: ب and م being often interchangeable: (L, TA:) the latter phrase means, as also with عَصَبَ, the dust had stuck to his two central incisors. (TA in art. عصم.) And Ibn Ahmar says, اـِذْ عَصَبَ النَّاسَ شَمَالٌ وَقُرٌ [وَقُرْ being for وَقُرٌّ] i. e. When north wind and cold environ me. (L, TA.) And one says also, عَصَبَ الغُبَارُ بِالجَبَلِ The dust encompassed, or surrounded, the mountain. (L, TA.) And عَصَبُوا بِهِ They encompassed, or surrounded, him: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA:) and they encompassed, or surrounded, him, looking at him: (S, O:) and, (Msb, K,) as also عَصِبُوا, (K,) aor. of the [...]

2 عصّب ذ , (S, A, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَعْصِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) [ He bound, or wound round, a thing with several circumvolutions: ] he bound [or wound round ] a man's head with a turban, fillet, bandage, or the like; (S, * O, * Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ عَصَبَ, inf. n. عَصْبٌ: (MA:) and he bound a broken limb, or a wound, with a piece of rag or a bandage. (L, TA.) He turbaned a man; attired him with a turban. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (A, O,) تَعْصِيبٌ signifies (tropical:) [The crowning a man: (see the pass. part. n.:)] the making a man a chief: (A, O, K, TA:) for turbans are the crowns of the Arabs: (O:) when a man's people made him a chief, they bound his head with a turban: (A, TA:) as kings wore crowns, so the chiefs of the Arabs wore red turbans: (L, TA:) there were brought to the desert, from Haráh (هَرَاة), red turbans, which the nobles among the Arabs wore. (Az, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] عصّبهُ بِالسَّيْفِ i. q. عَمَّمَهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [ He cut, or wounded, him in the place of the turban, with the sword ]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- And عصّبهُ, inf. n. as above, He, or it, [ caused him to bind his waist by reason of hunger: (see the pass. part. n.:) and hence,] made him to hunger: (K:) and عَصَّبَتْهُمُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, made them to hunger: (TA:) or عصّبتهُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, ate up his property, or cattle. (A 'Obeyd, S, O.) And It [i. e. drought or the like] destroyed him: (K:) and عصّب الدَّهْرُ مَالَهُ Adverse fortune destroyed his cattle, or camels &c. (TA.) ― -b5- And He called him مُعَصَّب [meaning poor ]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., يُدْعَى المُعَصَّبَ مَنْ قَلَّتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَهَلْ يُعَصَّبُ مَاضِى الهَمِّ مِقْدَامُ [ He is called the poor, whose milch-cattle have become few: but should one whose purpose is effectual, one of great boldness, be called poor? ]. (TA.) ― -b6- الذَّكَرُ يُعَصِّبُ الأُنْثَى means The male makes the female to be such as is termed عَصَبَةٌ [by his being consociated with her as such]. (Mgh.)

4 أَعْصَبَ see 12. ― -b2- [Golius explains this v. as meaning “ Firmiter religavit: ” or, as a trans. v. governing an accus., “ constringi jussit: ” as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it in any sense.]

5 تعصّب ذ i. q. شَدَّ العِصَابَةَ [i. e. He bound the turban, or fillet, round his (own) head; a meaning well known, whence that explained in the next sentence: (see also 8:) and he bound a bandage of some kind round his (own) body, by reason of hunger: see مُعَصَّبٌ]. (S, O, Msb, * K.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) He was made a chief; quasi-pass. of 2 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) ― -b3- And it has also another signification, from العَصَبِيَّة; (S, O;) [i. e.] it signifies also أَتَى بِالعَصَبِيَّةِ; (K, TA;) which means [ He aided his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or he was angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defended them: (see عَصَبِىٌّ and عَصَبِيَّةٌ:) or] he invited, or summoned, others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who acted towards them with hostility, whether they were wrongdoers or wronged. (TA.) And you say, تَعَصَّبُوا عَلَيْهِمْ They leagued, or collected themselves, together against them: and تَعَصَّبْنَا لَهُ, and مَعَهُ, We [ leagued together for him, and with him, and ] defended him. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 445-6; where it is shown that التَّعَصُّبُ in religion means The being zealous, or a zealot: and see Har pp. 423 and 573.] ― -b4- And تعصّب بِالشَّىْءِ He was, or became, content with the thing; as also ↓ اعتصب. بِهِ. (K.)

7 انعصب ذ i. q. اِشْتَدَّ [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context (both before and after) in the S, It was, or became, hard, firm, or strong ]. (S, O, K.)

8 اعتصب بِالعِمَامَةِ ذ [ He attired himself, or surrounded his head, with the turban ], and بِالتَّاجِ [ with the crown ]. (S, O.) And اعتصب التَّاجَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ He encircled his [own] head with the crown. (Az, TA.) ― -b2- اعتصب النَّاقَةَ: see 1, in the middle of the first quarter. ― -b3- اعتصبوا They became formed, or collected, into companies such as those whereof one is called عُصْبَة: (K:) or, into one of such companies. (M, L, TA.) [See also 12.] ― -b4- اعتصب بِهِ: see 5, last sentence.

12 اِعْصَوْصَبَ القَوْمُ ذ The people, or party, collected themselves together: (TA:) or did so, and became companies such as are called عَصَائِب, (S, O, TA,) and became one of such companies: [see also 8; and see عُصْبَةٌ:] and in like manner, [ did so, and ] strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) And اعصوصبت الاـِبِلُ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace; as also ↓ اعصبت: and collected themselves together; (K;) [and] so ↓ عَصَبَت and ↓ عَصِبَت: (Fr, S, O:) or collected themselves together so as to become one عِصَابَة, and strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) ― -b2- اعصوصب is also said of a day, [app. in relation to heat,] meaning It was, or became, vehement, or severe: (S, O:) and of evil, meaning it was, or became, vehement, or severe, (K, TA,) and concentrated. (TA.)

عَصْبٌ ذ : see عِصَابَةٌ, in two places. ― -b2- And see also عُصْبٌ. ― -b3- Also A particular sort of the garments called بُرُود, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S, Mgh, O;) a بُرْد of which the yarn is dyed, and then woven; (Msb;) or of which the yarn is put together and bound, then dyed, and then woven; (A, Mgh, TA; *) not of the sort called بُرُودُ الرَّقْمِ: (TA:) it has no pl., (Nh, Msb, TA,) nor dual: (Msb:) you say بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, TA) and بُرُودُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, Msb, TA) and يُرْدَا عَصْبٍ, (Msb,) and also يُرْدٌ عَصْبٌ and بُرُودٌ عَصْبٌ, (Nh, TA,) and ثَوْبٌ, عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and أَرْدِيَةُ العَصْبِ; (A, TA;) and sometimes they say عَصْبٌ alone, the بُرْد being known by this name: (TA:) or garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen, the yarn of which is put together and bound, and then dyed, and woven, so that they become partycoloured, because what has been bound thereof remains white, the dye not having taken it; and such garments a woman in the period termed عِدَّة [q. v.] is allowed to wear, but not garments that are [wholly] dyed: or striped garments of the kind called بُرُود: and what is forbidden in that case is a garment that has been dyed after it has been woven; or what are forbidden are the عَصْب of El-Yemen, which are said to have been dyed with urine; so in the L &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to Sub, garments of the kind called بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen; so called because they are dyed with عَصْب, which grows only in El-Yemen; [he says that العَصْبُ is a certain dyed that does not grow but in El-Yemen; (Msb;)] but in this he opposes the generality of authorities; for they agree in stating that the garments in question are thus called from العَصْبُ, “ the act of binding, ” because the yarn is bound in order that the dye may not pervade the whole of the بُرْد. (MF, TA.) ― -b4- Hence, (assumed tropical:) Clouds like such as are termed لَطْخ [q. v.]: (S, O:) or red clouds or mist (K, TA) seen in the western horizon (TA) in a time of drought, or sterility; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ, (K, TA,) pl. عَصَائِبُ. (TA.) -A2- In a trad., mention occurs of a necklace made of عَصْب: ElKhattábee says, if it do not mean the garments of El-Yemen, I know not what it is; yet I see not how a necklace can be made of these: Aboo-Moosà thinks it may be عَصَب, meaning the tendons of joints, as they may have taken the tendons of certain clean animals, and cut them in pieces, and made them like beads, and, when dry, made neck laces of them; but he adds his having been told by some of the people of El-Yemen that عَصْبٌ is the name of A certain beast of the sea, or of the great river, called also فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ [i. e. Pharaoh's horse, perhaps meaning the hippopotamus ], of which [meaning of the teeth or bones of which ] beads and other things, as the handles of knives &c., are made, and which is white. (L, TA.) -A3- And Saliva that sticks and dries in the mouth: whence the saying, لَفَظَ فُلَانٌ عَصْبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one died. (T and TA in art. لفظ.) -A4- And A light, or an active, and sharp-headed, boy, or young man; (IAar, TA;) [and] so عَضْبٌ. (IAar, TA in art. عضب.)

عُصْبٌ ذ and ↓ عَصْبٌ and ↓ عَصَبٌ (K, TA) Certain trees that twine round other trees, having weak leaves; (TA;) the kind of tree called لَبْلَاب [ dolichos lablab of Linn.]; (K;) said by Sh to be a kind of plant that twines round trees, i. q. لَبْلَابٌ: [coll. gen. ns.:] the ns. un. are عُصْبَةٌ and عَصْبَةٌ and عَصَبَةٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-lJarráh, (O, TA,) عَصْبَةٌ signifies a certain thing [app. meaning plant ] that twines about a قَنَادَة [or tragacanth ], (O, K, TA,) thus, correctly, in many copies of the K, but in some فَتَاة, and in some قَنَاة, both of which are wrong, though some assert the latter to be correct, (TA,) not to be pulled off from it but with an effort: (O, K, TA:) [see عِطْفَةٌ:] one says of a man strong in struggling for the mastery, قَتَادَةٌ لُوِيَتْ بِعُصْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [ A tragacanth twined about by a lebláb; the strong man being app. likened to a tragacanth, and his antagonist to a lebláb]: (TA:) and in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-El-'Owwám, he is related to have said, عَلِقْتُهُمْ اـِنِّى خُلِقْتُ عُصْبَهْ قَتَادَةً تَعَلَّقَتْ بِنُشْبَهْ (O, TA:) he puts عصبه for علقه, [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عَلِقًا, (see نُشْبَةٌ, in its proper art., for a confirmation,)] the meaning being خلقت علقة لخصومى [in which for علقة I read عَلِقًا]; then he likens himself to a tragacanth in respect of his excessive tenaciousness; for بنشبه means “ by the help of a thing of great tenaciousness: ” [or نشبه may be here an inf. n., i. e. of نَشِبَ: the meaning of the verse may therefore be, I clung to them: verily I have been created a grasper, and a tragacanth that has clung by means of a strong holdfast, or that has clung with great tenaciousness: ] (TA:) Sh explains عُصْبَة (O, TA) with damm on the authority of Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn], and عَصْبَة with fet-h on the authority of AA, (O,) as meaning a certain plant that twines about a tree, and is called لَبْلَاب; and نُشْبَة as meaning a man who, when he sports with a thing (عَبِثَ بِشَىْءٍ [but probably the right reading is شَبِثَ بشىء or تَشَبَّثَ i. e. clings to a thing]), hardly, or never, quits it. (O, TA.)

عَصَبٌ ذ [The sinews, or tendons; though the following explanation seems rather to denote the ligaments; ] the أَطْنَاب of the joints, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which connect and bind together the structure thereof, in man and in others, such as the ox-kind, and sheep or goats, and gazelles, and ostriches; so says AHn; (TA;) i. q. عَقَبٌ: (S and K &c. in art. عقب:) or such as are yellow of the اطناب (Mgh, Msb) of the joints; the عَقَب being the white: (Mgh:) [it is also used as meaning ligaments: (see an ex. of its n. un. in an explanation of الصَّدَفَتَانِ, voce صَدَفٌ:) and sometimes it means nerves: (see a usage of its pl. voce صَرْعٌ:) it is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, TA:) and the pl. is أَعْصَابٌ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) The best (in a pl. sense) of a people or party. (K.) ― -b3- See also عُصْبٌ.