Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

رَفِيضٌ ذ i. q. ↓ مَرْفُوضٌ, applied to a thing; (S, K;) i. e. Left; forsaken; relinquished; abandoned; deserted: (S, TA:) cast away: separated; dispersed; scattered: (TA:) and, applied to a spear, broken in pieces. (K.) -A2- Sweat; (O, K;) because of its flowing. (TA.)

رَفَّاضَةٌ ذ Men who pasture their beasts upon land such as is termed رُفُوض: (S, K:) or, as in the O, who sow such land. (TA.)

رَافِضٌ ذ in the following saying of 'Amr Ibn-Ahmar El-Báhilee means A thrower: he says, اـِذَا مَا الحِجَازِيَّاتُ أَعْلَقْنَ طَنَّبَتْ بِمَيْثَاآءَ لَا يَأْلُوكَ رَافِضُهَا صَخْرَا meaning, When the women of El-Hijáz hang their goods and utensils upon the trees, they stretch their tent-ropes and pitch their tent in a soft tract of land, the thrower wherein will not be able to throw a large piece of stone at thee, because of the not finding it. (O, L, K, * TA.) -A2- See also رَفْضَى.

رَافِضَةٌ ذ A party of رَوَافِض: (K:) whence the rel. n. ↓ رَافِضَىٌّ [signifying of, or belonging to, رَوَافِض]. (TA.) رَوَافِضُ [is pl. of رَافِضَةٌ, and] signifies An army, or a military force, (S, O,) or any army or military force, (K,) which has deserted its leader: (S, O, K:) or armies which have deserted their leader. (L.) ― -b2- Also الرَّافِضَةٌ, A certain sect of the شِيعَة (S, Msb, K) of ElKoofeh; (Msb;) so called because they deserted Zeyd the son of 'Alee, (As, S, Mgh, Msb,) when he forbade them to speak against the Companions of the Prophet; (Mgh, Msb;) for they had promised allegiance to Zeyd the son of 'Alee (As, O, L, K) the son of El-Hoseyn the son of 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib, (As, O, L,) and then desired him to renounce the two elders, [Aboo-Bekr and 'Omar, (TK,)] and on his refusing to do so they deserted him: (As, O, L, K:) الأَرْفَاضُ is also applied to this sect, as though it were pl. of رَافِضٌ, like as أَصْحَابٌ is of صَاحبٌ; (TA;) and الرَّوَافِضُ also; but not الرُّفَّاضُ: (TA:) and the rel. n. [which serves as a n. un.] is ↓ رَافِضَىٌّ [as above]. (K.) Afterwards, this appellation became applied to All persons transgressing in this way, [i. e. all apostates, or schismatics, ] speaking against the Companions of the Prophet. (Msb.) ― -b3- اـِبِلٌ رَافِضةٌ: see رَفْضٌ.

رَافِضَىٌّ ذ : see رَافِضَةٌ, in two places.

مَرْفَضٌ ذ and ↓ مَرْفَضَةٌ sings. of مَرَافِضُ: the former is explained as A place in which water flows, and where it remains: (TA:) or مَرَافِضُ وَادٍ signifies the parts of a valley into which the torrent disperses itself. (S, A, * K. *) ― -b2- مَرَافِضُ الأّرْضِ The tracts of land where the main quantity of sand ends, becoming thin, at the sides of mountains and the like. (So in some copies of the S and in the TA.)

مَرْفَضَةٌ ذ : see مَرْفَضٌ.

مُرْفَضٌّ ذ Anything becoming dispersed, and departing, or going away. (S.)

مَرْفُوضٌ ذ : see رَفِيضٌ.

1 رَفَعَهُ ذ , (S, Msb, K,) aor. رَفَعَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He raised it: [this is generally the best rendering, as it serves to indicate several particular significations which will be found explained in what follows:] he elevated it; upraised it; uplifted it: he took it up: contr. of خَفَضَهُ: (Msb:) or of وَضَعَهُ: (S, Mgh, K:) as also ↓ رفّعهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَرْفِيعٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارتفعهُ; (K;) for accord. to the “ Nawádir, ” you say, ارتفعهُ بِيَدِهِ and رَفَعَهُ [ he raised it, lifted it, heaved it, or took it up, with his hand ]; but Az says that ارتفع is intrans., and that he has heard no authority for its being trans., in the sense of رَفَعَ, except that which he had read in the “ Nawádir el-Aaráb:” (TA:) رَفْعٌ is sometimes applied to corporeal things, meaning the raising, or elevating, a thing from the resting-place thereof: sometimes to a building, meaning the rearing it, uprearing it, or making it high or lofty: (Er-Rághib:) or in relation to corporeal things, it is used properly to denote motion, and removal: (Msb:) it signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing after the coming or arriving thereof; like as دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [thereof]: (Kull p. 185:) but in relation to ideal things, it is [tropically used, as it is also in many other cases, and] accorded in meaning to what the case requires. (Msb.) [In its principal senses, proper and tropical, رَفْعٌ agrees with the Latin Tollere. .] It is said in the Kur [ii. 60 and 87], رَفَعْنَا فَوْقَكُمُ ا@لطُّورَ We raised above you from its resting-place the mountain: and in the same [xii. 2], اَللّٰهُ ا@لَّذِى رَفَعَ السَّمٰوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا [ God is He who raised the heavens without pillars that ye see; or, as ye see them ]: and in the same [ii. 121], وَاـِذْ يَرْفَعُ اـِبْرٰهِيمُ القَوَاعِدَ مِنَ البَيْتِ [ And when Abraham ] was rearing or uprearing or making high or lofty [ the foundations of the House of God, at Mekkeh]. (Er-Rághib.) And you say, اِرْفَعْ هٰذَا Take thou this: (Mgh:) or take it and carry it [ away; or take it up and remove it ]. (TA.) And رَفَعَ الزَّرعَ, (Lh, K,) or رَفَعَهُ اـِلَى البَيْدَرِ, (Msb,) aor. رَفَعَ , (Lh,) inf. n. رَفْعٌ (Lh, S) and رِفَاعَةٌ and رِفَاعٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for رَفَاعُ, which see below], (Lh, TA,) He removed, or transported, the seed-produce from the place in which he had reaped it, (Lh,) or carried it after the reaping, (S, K,) to the place in which the grain was to be trodden out. (Lh, S, K.) [This last signification is said in the TA to be tropical; but according to a passage of the Msb quoted in the first sentence of this art., it is proper. In most of the phrases here following, the verb is undoubtedly used tropically.] ― -b2- رَفَعُوا اـِلَىَّ عُيُونَهُمْ (tropical:) [ They raised towards me their eyes ]. (TA.) ― -b3- دَخَلْتُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِى رَأْسًا (Mgh, TA *) (tropical:) I went in to such a one, and he did not look towards me, nor pay any regard, or attention, to me. (Mgh.) [بِى is not here a mistake for لِى, for the phrase is often found thus written.] ― -b4- رُفِعَ لِىَ الشَّىْءُ (assumed tropical:) [ The thing was, as it were, raised into view, i. e. it rose into view, to me; ] I saw the thing from afar. (TA.) ― -b5- رَفَعَ السَّرَابُ الشَّخْصَ, aor. رَفَعَ , inf. n. رَفْعٌ, (tropical:) The mirage raised, or elevated [ to the eye, (see an ex. near the end of the first paragraph of art. زول)] the figure of a man or some other thing seen from a distance; [or it may be allowable to render it, made it to appear tall, and as though quivering, vibrating, or playing up and down; ] syn. زَهَاهُ [of which, when it relates to the mirage, the meaning is best expressed by the latter of the two explanations here given]. (TA.) ― -b6- وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ, in the Kur [xliii. 31], means (assumed tropical:) And we have exalted some of them above others in degrees of rank, or station: and نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَنْ نَشَاآءُ, in the same, [vi. 83, and xii. 76,] (assumed tropical:) We exalt in degrees of rank, or station, whom We please: (Er-Rághib:) and وَا@للّٰهُ يَرْفَعُ مَنْ يَشَاآءُ وَيَخْفِضُ (assumed tropical:) And God exalteth whom He pleaseth, and abaseth: (S and TA:) and [in like manner,] رَفْعُ الذِّكْرِ means the exalting of one's fame; as in the Kur xciv. 4. (Er-Rághib.) But the words, وَاـِلَى السَّمَاآءِ كَيْفَ رُفِعَتْ, in the Kur [lxxxviii. 18], indicate two meanings; And to the heaven, how it is elevated in respect of its place; and (assumed tropical:) how it is exalted in respect of excellence, and exaltation of rank. (Er-Rághib.) [In like manner also,] فِى بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ ا@للّٰهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ, in the Kur [xxiv. 36], means In houses which God hath permitted to be built; (Bd, TA;) accord. to some: (TA:) or, (assumed tropical:) to be honoured; (Zj, Bd;) so says El-Hasan; (Zj;) or, (assumed tropical:) to be exalted in estimation. (Er-Rághib.) It is said in a trad., اـِنَّ ا@للّٰهَ يَرْفَعُ العَدْلَ وَيَخْفِضُهُ (assumed tropical:) Verily God exalteth the just, and maketh him to have the ascendency over the unjust, and at one time abaseth him, so that He maketh the unjust to overcome him, in order to try his creatures, in the present world. (Az, TA.) [See also art. خفض.] And you say, رَفَعَهُ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فِى المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) He advanced him above his companion [ in the sitting-place, or sitting-room, or assembly ]. (TA.) And رَفَعْتُكَ عَنْ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [ I exalted thee, or held thee, above such a thing ]: (M voce رَبَأَ:) and اـِنِّى لَأَرْفَعْكَ عَنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) [ Verily I exalt thee, or hold thee, above this thing ]. (S voce رَبَأَ, q. v.) ― -b7- رَفَعَ ا@للّٰهُ عَمَلَهُ (assumed tropical:) [ God honoured his work by acceptance; or] God accepted his work. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxv. 11], وَا@لْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعُهُ [...]

2 رفّعهُ ذ , inf. n. تَرْفِيعٌ: see 1, in the first sentence. ― -b2- He took it, namely, a thing, and raised it, (رَفَعَهُ,) the first [ part thereof ] and then the first [or next in succession ]: En-Nábighah EdhDhubyánee says, خَلَّتْ سَبِيلَ أَتِىٍّ كَانَ يحْبِسُهُ وَرَفَّعَتْهُ اـِلَى السِّجْفَيْنِ فَالنَّضَدِ [ She had cleared the way of a torrent coming from another quarter, which it (meaning the barrier raised around the tent to keep away the torrent, which barrier is mentioned two verses before,) confined, and raised it by degrees, the first part and then the next, to the two curtains meeting together at the entrance of the tent, and then to the goods piled up therein: or the meaning here intended is, brought it forward, or advanced it; syn. قَدَّمَتْهُ; agreeably with the next explanation of رَفَّعَ here following: see some observations on the above-cited verse in De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd. ed., vol. ii. pp. 430 and 431]. (Lth, TA.) ― -b3- رَفَّعَهُمْ He put them, brought them, or sent them, forward; or advanced them; لِلْحَرْبِ to the war, or fight: or, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád and the K, he put them, sent them, or removed them, far away; [app. meaning, far in advance; ] فِى الحَرْبِ in the war, or fight. (TA.) You say also, رَفَّعْتُ هٰذَا الأَمْرَ اـِلَى الأَمِيرِ (assumed tropical:) I brought forward this affair, or matter, to the commander, governor, or prince. (From an Arabic note on the above-cited verse of En-Nábighah, cited by De Sacy, ubi suprà.) [See also 1, in two places in which reference is made to this paragraph.] ― -b4- رفّع البَعِيرَ, and النَّاقَةَ, and رفّع مِنْهُ, and مِنْهَا: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A2- رفّع الحِمَارُ, (Lth, K,) inf. n. as above, (Lth,) (assumed tropical:) The ass ran with a running of which one part was quicker (أَرْفَع) than another. (Lth, K.)

3 رافعهُ اـِلَى الحَاكِمِ ذ , inf. n. مُرَافَعَةٌ: and رافع خَصْمَهُ اـِلَى السُّلْطَانِ: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph. ― -b2- رَافَعَنِى فُلَانٌ وَخَافَضَنِى فَلَمْ أَفْعَلْ (tropical:) Such a one endeavoured in every way to induce me to turn or incline, or endeavoured in every way to turn me by deceit or guile, but I did not [that which he desired]. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- رافع بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He spared them; or pardoned them, and forbore to slay them. (K.) And رَافَعْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) I left him; or left him unmolested; or left him, being left by him; or made peace, or reconciled myself, with him; syn. تَارَكْتُهُ. (TA.)

5 ترفّع ذ (tropical:) He exalted himself; he was, or became, haughty, proud, or disdainful; syn. تَجَالَّ; (S in art. جل;) [and so فِى نَفْسِهِ ↓ ارتفع, occurring in the S in art. دكل, on the authority of AZ.] You say, فُلَانٌ يَتَرَفَّعُ عَنْ ذٰلِكَ (S ubi suprà, TA *) (tropical:) Such a one exalts himself above that; holds himself above it; disdains it; or is disdainful of it; syn. يَتَجَالُّ. (S ubi suprà.) And تَرَفَّعَتْ بِى هِمَّتِى عَنْ كَذَا (tropical:) [ My ambition raised me above such a thing; made me to hold myself above it, or to disdain it ]. (TA.) ― -b2- See also 8.

6 تَرَافَعْنَا اـِلَى الحَاكِمِ ذ (tropical:) [ Each of us preferred a complaint against the other to the governor, or judge: or each of us presented the other to, or brought him before, or brought him forward to, the governor, or judge, to arraign him and contest with him, and preferred a complaint against him: agreeably with explanations of the phrase رَافَعَهُ اـِلَى الحَاكِمِ]: (S:) or each of us communicated, or made known, his case [ against the other ] to the governor, or judge. (TA.)

8 ارتفع ذ It became raised; or it rose: it rose high, or became high or elevated or lofty: [ it became raised, upraised, uplifted, or elevated, or it rose, from its resting-place: and, said of a building, it became reared, upreared, or made high or lofty: ] it became taken up: [ it became taken away, put away, or removed; or it went away; after its coming or arriving: thus when said of corporeal things: but when said of ideal things, it is tropically used, as it is also in many other cases, and accorded in meaning to what the case requires:] quasi-pass. of رَفَعَهُ as signifying the contr. of وَضَعَهُ. (S, K.) [See 1; first sentence.] ― -b2- It (the water of a well) rose, by its becoming copious: and also it went away: (A in art. قلص:) [in which latter sense, likewise, it is said of milk in the udder; or as meaning it became drawn up, or withdrawn, or withheld: see 1. See also a usage of this verb voce رَقَأَ.] ― -b3- (tropical:) Said of a man: see 1, voce رَفُعَ, near the end of the paragraph. ― -b4- ارتفع قَدْرُهُ (tropical:) [ His rank became high, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent ]. (S, TA.) ― -b5- اِرْتَفِعْ, said to a man entering a sittingplace, sitting-room, or assembly, means (tropical:) Advance thou: it is not from اِرْتِفَاعٌ denoting height. (TA.) ― -b6- See also 5. ― -b7- ارتفعت الضُّحَى (tropical:) [ The morning became advanced; meaning] the sun became high: الضُّحَى being originally a pl., namely, of الضَّحْوَةُ; [wherefore the verb is fem.;] but afterwards used as a sing. [as in the next ex. here following]. (Msb.) You say also, الضُّحَى ↓ تَرَفَّعَ (tropical:) [meaning the same]. (TA.) And ارتفع النَّهَارُ (assumed tropical:) [ The day became advanced, the sun being somewhat high: a phrase said by the doctors of the law in the present day to be employed when the sun has risen the measure of a رُمْح or more]. (S and K in art. متع; &c.) ― -b8- ارتفع السِّعْرُ وَا@نْحَطَّ (tropical:) [ The price rose, or advanced, and became low, or abated ]. (TA.) ― -b9- [ارتفعوا (assumed tropical:) They removed from, or to, a place. ― -b10- ارتفع عَنْهُ, said of a disease, pain, an affliction, and the like, (assumed tropical:) It quitted him; became withdrawn from him. ] ― -b11- النَّقِيضَانِ لَا يَجْتَمِعَانِ وَلَا يَرْتَفِعَانِ (assumed tropical:) [ What are termed نقيضان cannot be coexistent in the same thing, nor simul taneously nonexistent in the same thing ]; as existence itself and nonexistence, and motion and rest. (Kull pp. 231 and 232.) -A2- ارتفعهُ: see 1; first sentence.

10 استرفعهُ ذ He desired, required, demanded, or asked, that it should be raised, elevated, taken up, or removed. (K.) You say, استرفع الوَاعِظُ الأَيْدِىَ لِلدُّعَاآءِ The preacher asked that the hands of the people should be raised for supplication. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, as though meaning استرفع نَفْسَهُ i. e. It required that itself should be re moved, ] استرفع الخُوَانُ (assumed tropical:) What was on the table became consumed, and it was time for it to be taken up, or removed. (K.)

رَفْعٌ ذ [see رَفَعَ, (of which it is the inf. n.,) throughout].

رِفْعَةٌ ذ [see رَفُعَ, near the end of the first para graph: used as a simple subst., which it seems properly to be accord. to some of the lexicologists,] (tropical:) High, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent, rank or condition or state; nobility, honourableness, gloriousness, or illustriousness; (TA;) as also ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, a subst. from رَفُعَ. (Msb.)

هٰذِهِ أَيَّامُ رَفَاعٍ ذ , and ↓ رِفَاعٍ; (AA, ISk, Az, S, Mgh, * Msb, * K;) but As disallows the latter; (TA;) and Ks says, I have heard الجِرَام and الجَرَام, and their coordinates, [such as الصِّرَام and الصَّرَام, &c.,] but الرفاع with kesr I have not heard; (S, TA;) These are days of removal, or transport, of seed-produce from the place in which it has been reaped, (TA,) or of carriage thereof after reaping, (S, Mgh, K,) to the place in which the grain is trodden out. (S, Mgh, K, TA.) [See 1, near the beginning.] ― -b2- رَفَاعٌ, or ↓ رِفَاعٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or each, (TA,) also signifies The storing-up of seed produce. (K.)

رِفَاعٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

رَفِيعٌ ذ (tropical:) High, elevated, exalted, lofty, or eminent, in rank, condition, or state; noble, honourable, or glorious; (S, Msb, K, TA;) applied to a man: (S, Msb, TA:) fem. with ة. (TA.) You say, هُوَ رَفِيعُ الحَسَبِ وَالقَدْرِ (tropical:) [ He is high, &c., in respect of grounds of pretension to honour, and of rank ]. (TA.) And hence the phrase used by letter-writers, الجَنَابُ الرَّفِيعُ (tropical:) [ The exalted object of recourse ]. (TA.) Hence also the phrase in the Kur [xl. 15], رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ (assumed tropical:) The Exalted in respect of degrees of dignity: (Er-Rághib:) or this means (assumed tropical:) Great in respect of attributes: or the Exalter of the degrees of dignity of the believers in Paradise. (Jel.) ― -b2- Applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (assumed tropical:) Fine, fine in texture, delicate, or thin. (Msb.) ― -b3- رَفِيعُ الصَّوْتِ (tropical:) [ High, or loud, in voice ]; (K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) ― -b4- سَيْرٌ رَفِيعٌ (tropical:) [ A pace in which a beast is made to exert itself to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond measure; or in which the utmost pos sible celerity is elicited: see رَفَعَ البَعِيرَ, in the latter half of the first paragraph: and see also مَرْفُوعٌ]. (K in art. نص.)

رَفَاعَةٌ ذ [an inf. n., (see 1, last sentence,)] and ↓ رُفَاعَةٌ, (ISk, S, K,) and ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, (Sgh, K,) (tropical:) [ Highness, or loudness, or] vehemence, (K, TA,) in the voice, (ISk, S,) or of the voice. (K.)

رُفَاعَةٌ ذ A string (خَيْط) whereby he who is shackled (مُقَيَّد) raises his shackles (قَيْد), (Yoo, S, K,) to which that string is fastened; (TA;) as also ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ. (K.) ― -b2- Also, (S, K,) and ↓ رِفَاعَةٌ, (Az, K,) A thing by means of which a woman having little flesh in the posteriors makes herself to appear large [ in that part ]; (S;) i. q. عُظَّامَةٌ: (K:) pl. رَفَائِعُ. (TA.) -A2- See also رَفَاعَةٌ.

رِفَاعَةٌ ذ : see رِفْعَةٌ: ― -b2- and رَفَاعَةٌ: -A2- and see also رُفَاعَةٌ, in two places.

رَفِيعَةٌ ذ (tropical:) A case which one communicates, or makes known, to the administrator of the law: (S, TA:) pl. رَفَائِعُ. (TA.) You say, لِى عَلَيْهِ رَفِيعَةٌ (tropical:) [ I have, against him, a case to communicate, or make known, &c., or which I have communicated, or made known, &c.]. (TA.)

رَفَّاعٌ ذ (tropical:) One who traces up traditions to the Prophet, or to his Companions; or who communicates them, or makes them known. (TA.) [See رَفَعَ الحَدِيثَ &c.]

رَافِعٌ ذ act. part. n. of رَفَعَهُ; Raising; &c. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- الرَّافِعُ, one of the names of God, meaning (tropical:) The Exalter of the believer by prospering [him], and of his saints by teaching [them]. (TA.) خَافِضَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ, in the Kur lvi. 3, is explained in art. خفض. ― -b3- رَافِعَةٌ, for جَمَاعَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ, (S, TA,) or نَفْسٌ رَافِعَةٌ: (TA:) see a trad. (commencing with the words كُلُّ رَافِعَةِ) in the first paragraph of this art. ― -b4- نَاقَةٌ رَافِعٌ (tropical:) A she-camel [ drawing up, or withdrawing, or withholding, her milk; i. e.,] not yielding her milk: (A, TA:) or when she draws up, &c., or refuses to yield, (اـِذَا رَفَعَتْ,) the biestings in her udder. (As, S, K.) [See also دَافِعٌ, to which it is opposed.] -A2- (tropical:) A man going up, or upwards, through the countries, or lands: pl. with ون. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Lightning rising. (Lth, K, TA.) ― -b3- رَوَافِعُ [pl. of رَافِعةٌ for جَمَاعَةٌ رَافِعَةٌ] (assumed tropical:) People going the pace termed مَرْفوع [ on their camels or beasts ]. (ISk.) ― -b4- أَرْضٌ رَافِعَةُ السُّقْيَا (assumed tropical:) Land difficult of irrigation; contr. of خَافِضَةٌ السقيا. (TA in art. خفض.)

رَافِعَةٌ ذ [as a subst., or an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] A hard and elevated tract of land. (ISh, TA voce خَافِضَةٌ [which signifies the contr.]) [See also رَافِعٌ.]

أَرْفَعُ ذ [ Higher, or more elevated &c.: and highest, or most elevated &c.]. ― -b2- أَرْفَعُ لِلْحَدِيثِ (tropical:) More skilled in tracing up, or ascribing, or attributing, a tradition to its author; i. q. أَنَصُّ, q. v. (TA in art. نص.) ― -b3- عَدَا عَدْوًا بَعْضُهُ أَرْفَعُ مِنْ بَعَضٍ (assumed tropical:) [ He ran with a running of which one part was quicker than another ]; said of an ass. (Lth, K.)

مَرْفَعٌ ذ [ A place of elevation: and hence, ― -b2- ] A chair, or throne; syn. كُرْسِىٌّ: of the dial. of El Yemen. (TA.)

مِرْفَعٌ ذ A thing with which one raises, elevates, or takes up. (TA.)

مَرْفُوعٌ ذ pass. part. n. of رَفَعَهُ. ― -b2- وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ, (S, K, *) in the Kur [lvi. 32], (S,) means [ And beds raised ] one upon another: (Fr, S, Bd, K:) or (assumed tropical:) of high estimation: (Bd:) or (tropical:) brought near to them: (S, K:) or wives elevated upon couches: (Bd:) or (assumed tropical:) honoured wives. (S, K.) ― -b3- حَدِيثٌ مَرْفُوعٌ (tropical:) A tradition related by a Companion of the Prophet, and ascribed, or attributed, to the Prophet himself, by the mention of him as its author, or of the person, or persons, up to the Prophet, by whom it has been handed down. (Kull p. 152.) -A2- It is also an inf. n.: [see رَفَعَ البَعِيرُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph:] and signifies (tropical:) A certain pace of a beast, (S, TA,) of a horse and of a camel; (L;) contr. of مَوْضُوعٌ; (S, TA;) and of مَخْفُوضٌ; (A in art. خفض;) it is a run below that termed حُضْر: (S, TA:) or above that which is termed مَوْضُوع, and below that which is termed عَدْو: (TA: [but probably عدو is here a mistake for حُضْر:]) or a pace of a camel rising above the [ easy and quick rate of going termed ] هَمْلَجَة. (ISk.) You say, لَيْسَ لَهُ مَرْفُوعٌ (tropical:) He (a beast) has not the pace termed مرفوع. (S.)

جَبَلٌ مُرْتَفِعٌ ذ A high mountain. (TA.)

1 رَفْغَ عَيْشُهُ ذ , [aor. رَفُغَ ,] inf. n. رَفَاغَةٌ, His means of subsistence became ample, or abundant. (S.) [See also رَفْغٌ, below.] -A2- [رَفَغَ, aor. رَفَغَ , He made the means of subsistence ample, or abundant. You say,] أَرْفَغُ لَكُمُ المَعَاشَ I will make ample, or abundant, to you the means of subsistence. (TA.) -A3- رَفَغَ المَرْأَةَ i. q. ترفّغها, q. v. (TA.)

5 ترفّغ ذ He (a man) became, or made himself, ample, or abundant, in his means of subsistence; syn. تَوَسَّعَ: (S:) or he exhibited ampleness, or abundance, in his means of subsistence. (PS.) -A2- ترفّغ فَوْقَ البَعِيرِ He (a man), feared that the camel [ upon which he was riding ] would throw him, and therefore wound his legs next the sheath of his [the camel's] penis: [i. e., pressed his heels against the camel's أَرْفَاغ (or groins ):] in the K, as also in the O and Tekmileh, خَلْفَ رِجْلَيْهِ is erroneously put for فَلَفَّ رِجْلَيْهِ, the reading in the L. (TA.) ― -b2- ترفّغها, He sat between her thighs, for the purpose of compressing her; (K;) from the Nawádir el-Aaráb; as also ↓ رَفَغَهَا, i.e. رَفَغَ المَرْأَةَ. (TA.)

رَفْغٌ ذ Softness, tenderness, or smoothness: (O, L, K: *) this is the primary signification, accord. to the O and L: accord. to MF, softness, tenderness, or smoothness, and uncleanness, or dirtiness; but this addition is wrong; and he has wrongly ascribed this explanation to Er-Rághib, who mentions in his book only the words of the Kur-án. (TA.) ― -b2- Ampleness, or abundance, of the means of subsistence; and abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life: (S, K, * TA:) and so ↓ رَفَاغَةٌ, (JK, * S, * TA,) an inf. n., (S,) and ↓ رَفَاغِيَةٌ, [also, app., an inf. n., like رَفَاهِيَةٌ;] (JK, * S, * TA;) and ↓ رُفَغْنِيَةٌ, like بُلَهْنِيَةٌ (K, TA) and رُفَهْنِيَةٌ, (TA,) [in which the last three letters, following the غ, are all augmentative,] signifies [the same, or] ampleness, or abundance, of the means of subsistence. (K, TA.) -A2- Also, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ رُفْغٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) the former of the dial. of Temeem, and the latter of the dial. of the people of El- 'Áliyeh and of El-Hijáz, (Aboo-Kheyreh, Msb, TA,) [The groin; ] the root of the thigh; (ISk, Jm, Msb, K; and Mgh in art. وهم;) and any of the other مَغَابِن [or places of flexure or creasing ]; (ISk, Msb;) and any place of the body in which dirt collects, (ISk, Jm, L, Msb, K,) such as the armpit and the crease of the belly and the like: (L:) or the inner side of the thigh, at the root: (JK:) or the inner side of the root of each thigh, next the upper parts of the sides of the pubes, where the upper parts of the inner sides of the thighs and the upper part of the belly [app. a mistake for the lower part of the belly ] meet: (TA:) [or each of the two inguinal creases; for] the رُفْغَانِ are between the pubes and the thigh, [ one on each side, ] and are also called the مَغَابِن: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) the latter (رُفْغٌ) also particularly signifies the armpit: (Fr, Mgh, K:) or, as some say, the root [or innermost part ] of the armpit: (TA:) and the same, (ISh, K,) or each, (Msb,) the parts around the فَرْج [or vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, ] (ISh, Msb, K) of a woman: (ISh, K:) and sometimes the فَرْج itself: (Msb:) the pl. is أَرْفَاغٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and رُفُوغٌ (Msb, K) and رِفَاغٌ and [of pauc.] أَرْفُغٌ, the first of which four is pl. of رُفْغٌ, [and is properly a pl. of pauc.,] the rest being pls. of رَفْغٌ: (Msb:) [accord. to J,] أَرْفَاغٌ signifies the مَغَابِن [or places of flexure, or creasing, ] of the armpits, and of the roots of the thighs: (S:) accord. to As, the armpits, and the [ other ] مَغَابِن of the body: (Mgh in art. وهم:) IAar says that ↓ مَرَافِغُ signifies the roots of the arms and of the thighs, and has no proper sing.: and الارفاغ is the sing. of الرُّفَغُ (واحد الرُّفَغِ [but this is app. a mistranscription for وُاحِدُهُ الرُّفْغُ meaning that أَرْفَاغٌ has for its sing: رُفْغٌ]): and ↓ رُفَغٌ signifies the مَغَابِن and مَحَالِب [by which latter are app. meant the places that sweat ] of the body: accord. to As, what is thus termed is in camels and in human beings. (TA. [But the sing. verb in this last clause suggests that there is another mistranscription here, and a looseness of explanation; and that we should read thus: “ and رُفْغٌ (not رُفَغٌ) signifies any of the مَغَابِن and of the مَحَالِب of the body. ”]) ― -b2- Also, both words, The dirt of the nail: (K:) or the dirt that is between the end of the finger and the nail, when the nail is not pared, after scratching the أَرْفَاغ [or groins and armpits and the like ]: (TA:) or the former [or each] signifies the dirt of the مَغَابِن [or places of flexure, or creasing, of the body ]; (K;) or the dirt and sweat that collect in the مغابن of the armpits, and of the roots of the thighs, and other places of folding of the limbs. (TA.) ― -b3- Also the former word, (رَفْغٌ,) (assumed tropical:) A soft, or plain, tract, or piece, of land: (JK, K: *) pl. رِفَاغٌ. (K.) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) Land having much soil or dust. (L, K.) [Hence,] one says, جَاآءَ فُلَانٌ بِمَالٍ كَرَفْغِ التُّرَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one came with, or brought, wealth, or cattle, abundant as the soil, or dust, thus termed. (L.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) A place affected with drought, or barrenness, (L, K,) thin, or shallow, [ in its soil, ] of middling quality. (L.) ― -b6- (tropical:) The vilest place in a valley, and the worst in re spect of soil: (Aboo-Málik, K, * TA:) the lowest part of a valley and of a desert: (TA:) or أَرْفَاغُ الوَادِى signifies the sides of the valley. (AHn, JK, TA.) ― -b7- (tropical:) A side, or lateral part or region: (Akh, IAar, K:) pl. أَرْفُغٌ. (K.) You say, هُوَ فِى رَفْغٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ, and مِنَ القَرْيَةِ, (tropical:) He is in a side, or lateral part, not in the middle, of his people, or party, and of the town, or village. (IAar, TA.) ― -b8- Also sing. of أَرْفَاغٌ meaning (tropical:) The lower, or lowest, baser or basest, meaner or mean est, sort, or the rabble, or refuse, of mankind; (JK, K, TA;) likened to the أَرْفَاغ of a valley: or the sing. of ارفاغ in this sense is ↓ رُفْغٌ. (TA.) ― -b9- (assumed tropical:) A skin for water, or for milk, that is thin, or rendered thin, (accord. to different copies of the K,) and of little worth. (K, TA.) ― -b10- (assumed tropical:) The straw of [ the species of millet called ] ذُرَة: so accord. to the author of the L; but accord. to others, it is دَفْغٌ, with دال, if this be not a mis transcription. (TA.) -A3- As an epithet, رَفْغٌ sig nifies Soft; applied to dust, or earth, and to food, or wheat, (طَعَام,) and to كِلْس [or quicklime, &c.]. (K, * TA.)

رُفْغٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

رُفَغٌ ذ : see رَفْغٌ in the middle of the paragraph.

رَفِغَةٌ ذ A she-camel having purulent pustules, ulcers, or sores, in the رُفْغَانِ [meaning groins or armpits ]. (A, TA.)

رَفْغَاآءُ ذ [fem. of أَرْفَغُ], applied to a woman, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, L, K,) Small in the مَتَاع [or vulva ]: (L:) or thin in the thighs, small in the هَن [or vulva ], deep in the رُفْغَانِ [or groins ]: (JK, Ibn 'Abbád, K:) or a woman narrow in the أَرْفَاغ [or groins, or inguinal creases, or the like ]: (TA in art. ربل, from the 'Eyn:) or, applied to a woman, (A,) or to a she-camel, (JK, L,) wide in the رُفْغ [app. meaning the vulva or the parts around the vulva ]. (JK, A, L.)

عَيْشٌ رَفِيغٌ ذ (JK, S, TA) and ↓ رَافِغٌ (S, TA) and ↓ أَرْفَغُ (TA) Ample, or abundant, (JK, S, TA,) and pleasant, or good, (S, TA,) means of subsist ence. (JK, S, TA.)

رَفَاغَةٌ ذ : see رَفْغٌ, second sentence.

رَفَاغِيَةٌ ذ : see رَفْغٌ, second sentence.

رُفَغْنِيَةٌ ذ : see رَفْغٌ, second sentence.

رَافِغٌ ذ : see رَفِيغٌ.

رَافِغَةٌ ذ , i. q. نِعْمَةٌ [app. as meaning A benefit, benefaction, favour, boon, or blessing ]: pl. رَوَافِغُ. (TA.)

أَرْفَغُ ذ : see رَفِيغٌ. ― -b2- Its fem., رَفْغَاآءُ, is mentioned above, by itself.

مَرْفُوغَةٌ ذ [ syn. with مَرْصُوفَةٌ] A woman small in the هَن [or vulva ], (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) or whose place of circumcision has cohered [ after the operation ] when she was young, and, conse quently, (L,) impervia viro. (JK, Ibn-' Abbád, L, K.)

مَرَافِغُ ذ : see رَفْغٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

1 رَفَقَ ذ , (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. رَفُقَ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. رِفْقٌ (S, * O, Mgh, * Msb, * K) and مَرْفِقٌ and مِرْفَقٌ (AZ, O, K,) and مَرْفَقٌ; (O, K;) and رَفِقَ, (JK, O, K,) [aor. رَفَقَ ,] inf. n. رَفَقٌ; (JK;) and رَفُقَ; (JK, O, K;) He was, or became, gentle, soft, tender, gracious, courteous, or civil; or he be haved, or acted, gently, softly, &c. (JK, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, رَفَقَ بِهِ, (AZ, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) and عَلَيْهِ, (AZ, O, K,) inf. ns. as above; (O, K;) and رَفِقَ, and رَفُقَ; (K;) He was, or became, gentle, &c., or he behaved, or acted, gently, &c., with him, (AZ, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) and to him; (AZ, O, K;) and in like manner, بِهِ ↓ ترفّق, (S, O, Mgh, K,) and ↓ ارفقهُ. (AZ, O, K.) Hence the saying of the Prophet, مَنْ رَفَقَ بِأُمَّتِى رَفَقَ ا@للّٰهُ بِهِ [ He who is gentle, &c., with my people, God will be gentle, &c., with him ]. (O.) [Hence, also,] one says, ↓ ترفّق فِى أَمْرِهِ [and رَفَقَ فِيهِ as is indicated in the O] He used gentleness, or acted gently, in his affair; syn. تَأَتَّى. (Msb in art. اتى.) And لِحَاجَتِهِ ↓ ترفّق He applied himself with gentleness to his needful affair or business; syn. تَأَتَّى. (T in art. اتى.) And لِلْأَمْرِ ↓ ترفّق He applied himself with gentle ness to the affair; syn. تَلَطَّفَ. (S in art. لطف.) ― -b2- Hence, رَفُقَ, in form like فَرُبَ, He was, or became, gentle, delicate, nice, neat, or skilful, in work or operation; the contr. of such as is termed أَخْرَق. (Msb.) ― -b3- And رَفَقْتُ العَمَلَ, with fet-h to the ف, aor. رَفُقَ , I did, or made, the deed, or work, soundly, thoroughly, skilfully, judiciously, or well. (Msb.) ― -b4- And رَفَقْتُ فِى السَّيْرِ I pro ceeded in a right, or a moderate, manner in journeying, or in pace. (Msb.) -A2- See also 4. -A3- رَفَاقَةٌ is an inf. n. signifying The being a رَفَيق. (O, K.) Fr says, I heard a man at 'Arafát saying [to the pilgrims there assembled], جَعَلَكُمُ ا@للّٰهٌ فِى رَفَاقَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى ا@للّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ [ May God make you to be in the companionship of Mohammad: may God bless and save him ]. (O.) [And accord. to the TK, one says, رَفُقَ بِهِ, inf. n. رَفَاقَةٌ, meaning He became a رَفِيق with him: but what is commonly said in this sense is رَافقَهُ, q. v.] -A4- رَفَقَ فُلَانًا, He struck the مِرْفَق [or elbow ] of such a one. (K.) ― -b2- And رَفَقَ النَّاقَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. رَفُقَ , inf. n. رَفْقٌ, (S, O,) He bound the she-camel's arm [app. together with the shank (for such is the common practice)], (S, O, K,) to prevent her going quickly, (S, O,) when fearing her yearning towards, or longing for, her home, or accustomed place: (S, O, K:) [or] رَفَقَ البَعِيرَ, aor. رَفِقَ , inf. n. رَفْقٌ, he bound the camel's neck (عُنُق [probably, I think, a mistranscription for عَضُد i. e. arm, ]) to his pastern, because of a slight lameness therein. (JK.) -A5- رَفِقَ said of a camel, aor. رَفَقَ , inf. n. رَفَقٌ, He had his elbow dis torted from his side. (TA and TK. [See رَفَقٌ below, and أَرْفَقُ: and see also دَفِقَ.]) ― -b2- [And رَفِقَتْ, inf. n.رَفَقٌ, is probably said of a she-camel, as meaning She had, in her teat, or teats, what is termed رَفَقٌ: see, again, this word below.]