Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

جِوَارٌ جارية جوار : see what next precedes. -A2- [Also a pl. of جَارٌ.]

جَائِرٌ ذ : see جَوْرٌ. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Wide and big; applied to a [bucket of the kind called] غَرْب: and so, with ة, applied to a [skin of the kind called] قِرْبَة. (A, TA.)

مُجَوَّرٌ مجور [as meaning Thrown down, or overturned, ] occurs in the following prov.: يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ الحَفَضِ المُجَوَّرِ [ A day for a day of the household-goods (or, accord. to the TA, the hair-cloth tent ) thrown down, or overturned ]: applied in the case of rejoicing at a calamity befalling another: a man had an aged paternal uncle, and used continually to go into the latter's tent, or house, and throw down his household-goods, one upon another; and when he himself grew old, sons of a brother of his did to him as he had done to his paternal uncle; wherefore he said thus, meaning, this is for what I did to my paternal uncle. (K.)

مُجَاوِرٌ مجاور : see 3, last sentence.

1 جَازَ المَوْضِعَ 3 4 , (S, K,) or المَكَانَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. يَجُوزُ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. جَوَازٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَوْزٌ and جُؤُوزٌ and مَجَازٌ, (K,) He went, or passed, in, or along, the place, and left it behind; (Mgh, K;) [whether this be meant for one signification or two, does not appear; but in either case it is evident that one signification is he passed through, or over, or along, and beyond, the place; and this signification is of frequent occurrence;] as also جاز بِهِ; (K;) and ↓ اجازهُ; (Mgh;) and ↓ جاوزهُ, (Mgh, K,) inf. n. جِوَازٌ; (K, TA; in the CK جَوَازٌ;) and ↓ تجاوزهُ; (Mgh;) lit., he traversed, or crossed, its جَوْز, i. e., middle, and passed through it: (Mgh:) or he went, or passed, in, or along, the place; (As, S, A, Msb, TA;) as also جاز بِهِ, and ↓ جاوزهُ, (TA,) and ↓ اجازهُ, (A,) and ↓ اجتازهُ: (S: [so it appears from its being said that اِجْتِيَازٌ is syn. with سُلُوكٌ:]) and in like manner, الطَّرِيَقَ the road: (TA:) الموضعَ ↓ جاوز and جازهُ signify the same: (TA:) or ↓ اجازهُ (As, S, Msb, K) and ↓ جاوزهُ and ↓ تجاوزهُ (A) signify he left it behind him, (As, S, A, K,) and traversed, or crossed, it; (As, S, A, Msb;) and ↓ جاوزهُ and بِهِ ↓ جاوز also signify he left it behind. (TA.) You say, جُزْتُ خِلَالَ الدِّيَارِ, which is like جُسْتُ [ I passed amid, or among, the houses: (see the remarks on the letter ز:) or I went to and fro amid, or among, the houses, in a hostile attack upon them: or went round about them ]. (Ibn-Umm-Kásim, TA.) And جُزْتُ بِكَذَا, i. e., بِهِ ↓ اِجْتَزْتُ [ I passed by, and beyond, such a thing ]. (TA.) And جاز عَلَيْهِ He passed by him, or it; syn. مَرَّ بِهِ, and اِمْتَرَّ بِهِ and عَلَيْهِ. (M and K in art. مر.) And جَازَهُ He passed, or crossed, over it. (L.) جاز and ↓ اجاز are syn. [in this last sense]. (TA.) You say, الصِّرَاطِ ↓ أَعَانَكَ ا@للّٰهُ عَلَى اـِجَازَةِ (A, TA) May God aid thee [ to pass, or cross, over, or] to pass along, and to leave behind thee, the Sirát. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. respecting the Sirát, فَأَكُونُ أَنَا عَلَيْهِ ↓ وَأُمَّتِى أَوَّلَ مَنْ يُجِيزُ [ And I, with my people, shall be the first who will pass over it ]: يجيز being here syn. with يَجُوزُ. (TA.) ― -b2- جُزْتُ الشَّىْءَ اـِلَى غَيْرِهِ: see 3. ― -b3- ↓ جاز الدِّرْهَمُ فَتَجَوَّزَهُ [ The piece of money passed, or was current, and he accepted it as current: in the TA written جاز الدرهم كتجوزه, and without any syll. signs; but that the reading which I have adopted is right appears from what immediately follows:] a poet says, وَزُيَّفُ [ Pieces of money whereof there are current and bad ]: and Lh mentions the saying, لَمْ أَرَ النَّفَقَةَ تَجُوزُ بِمَكَانٍ كَمَا تَجُوزُ بِمَكَّةَ [ I have not seen money for expenses pass away in a place as it passes away in Mekkeh ]: ISd says, He has not explained it, but I think that the meaning is تَنْفُقُ. (TA.) ― -b4- جاز الشَّىْءُ, inf. n. جَوَازٌ, The thing was, or became, allowable; it passed for lawful: as though it kept the middle (جَوْز) of the road. (TA.) You say, جَازَ البَيْعُ, and النِّكَاحُ, (A, Mgh,) and العَقْدُ وَغَيْرُهُ, (Msb,) [ The sale, and the marriage, and the contract, or other thing, was, or became, allowable; or] passed as right, sound, valid, or good [ in law: ] (Msb:) or had effect. (Mgh.) [And جاز لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا It was allowable to him to do so. And يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا It may be so; or such a thing may be. ] -A2- جَازَهُ in the sense of اجازهُ: see 4, second sentence, in two places.

2 جَوَّزَ see 4, in nine places.

3 جاوزهُ ذ and جاوز بِهِ , inf. n. جِوَازٌ: see 1, in six places. ― -b2- جاوز الحَدَّ, and القَدْرَ, inf. n. مُجَاوَزَةٌ; and so ↓ تجاوز, alone; He exceeded, or transgressed, the proper bound, or limit, or measure; acted extravagantly, exorbitantly, or immoderately: he, or it, was, or became, excessive, extravagant, exorbitant, or immoderate. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) ― -b3- جَاوَزْتُ الشَّىْءِ أِلَى غَيْرِهِ (S, Msb *) I passed from the thing [ to another thing ]; (Msb;) as also ↓ تَجَاوَزْتُهُ; (S, Msb;) i. q. ↓ جُزْتُهُ. (S.) ― -b4- جاوز عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ: see 6. ― -b5- [Hence, app.,] كَانَ مِنْ خُلُقِى الجِوَازُ It was of my disposition to be easy, or facile, in selling and demanding. (TA from a trad.) -A2- جاوز بِهِ: see 4, in two places.

4 اجاز ذ and اجازهُ : see 1, in six places. -A2- اجازهُ He made him to go, or pass along; as also ↓ جَازَهُ: (TA:) he made him to pass through, or over, or along and beyond: (S, IF, Msb, K;) as also [بِهِ ↓ جاوز, as will be shown by an ex. below, and ↓ جوّزهُ, and ] ↓ جَازَهُ, for which we find جاوزهُ incorrectly substituted in the K. (TA.) A rájiz says, خَلُّوا الطَّرِيقَ عَنْ أَبِى سَيَّارَهْ حَتَّى يُجِيزَ سَالِمًا حِمَارَهْ [ Leave ye the road to Aboo-Seiyárah until he make his ass to pass through, or over, safely ]. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [vii. 134, and x. 90], بِبَنِى اـِسْرَائِيلَ البَحْرَ ↓ وَجَاوَزْنَا [ And we made the Children of Israel to pass through the sea ]. (TA.) You say also لَهُمْ اـِبِلَهُمْ ↓ جَوَّزَ, inf. n. تَجْوِيزٌ, He led for them their camels one by one until they passed. (K.) ― -b2- [ He made it to pass, or be current; as also ↓ جوّزهُ: as in the following phrases.] أَجَزْتُ عَلَى ا@سْمِهِ i. q. جَعَلْتُهُ جَائِزًا [ I made his name to pass, or be current, by stamping money with it]: (ISk, S, TA:) and ضَرَبْتُ [ I coined, or minted, money in his name ]. (ISd, TA.) And الضَّرَّابُ الدَّرَاهِمَ ↓ جوّز, inf. n. تَجْوِيزٌ, [ The coiner, or minter, ] made the dirhems, or pieces of money, to pass, or be current. (Mgh.) ― -b3- He made it, or held it, to be allowable, or to pass for lawful; he allowed it, or permitted it; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ جوّزهُ: (S, TA:) syn. سَوَّغَ: (S, K:) and syn. of اـِجَازَةٌ, [the inf. n. of the former verb,] اـِذْنٌ. (K, TA: omitted in the CK.) You say, اجاز لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ, (S, K, *) and له ↓ جوّز, (S,) He made, or held, what he did to be allowable, &c. (S, K.) And العَقْلُ ↓ هٰذَا مِمَّا لَا يُجُوِّزُهُ [ This is of the things which reason will not allow ]. (A, TA.) ― -b4- [ He granted him the authority or degree of a licentiate in some one or more of the various departments of learning, for the instruction of others therein; ] he granted him a license with respect to the matters that he had related and heard [ from other learned men, to teach the same ]. (TA.) You say also, اجاز لِفُلَانٍ جَمِيعَ مَسْمُوعَاتِهِ مِنْ مَشَائِخِهِ [ He ters which he had heard from his sheykhs, to teach the same to others ]. (TA.) The licentiate is termed ↓ مُجَازٌ: and the matters which he relates are termed ↓ مُجَازَاتٌ. (TA.) ― -b5- اجاز البَيْعَ, (A, Mgh, K,) and النِّكَاحَ, (A, Mgh,) and العَقْدَ, (Msb,) He (the judge, A, Mgh) made the sale, (A, Mgh, K,) and the marriage, (A, Mgh,) and the contract, (Msb,) to have effect; he executed or performed it; (Mgh, Msb K;) لَهُ for him: (K:) he decreed it. (Mgh.) And [in like manner] اجاز رَأْيَهُ, and ↓ جوّزهُ, He made his judgment, or opinion, to have effect; he executed or performed it. (K.) Hence the saying, in a trad. of Aboo-Dharr, قَبْلَ أَنْ يُجَيزُوا عَلَىَّ, i. e., Before they slay me, and execute your order upon me. (TA.) -A3- أَجَازَنِى (S, K *) (tropical:) He gave me water for, (S,) or he watered [ for me ], (K,) my land, or my beasts. (S, K.) And اـِبِلَهُ ↓ جوّز, (K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيزٌ, (TA,) He watered his camels. (K.) And اجاز الوَفْدَ He gave to the party who came as envoys, or the like, the quantity of water sufficient to pass therewith from one watering-place to another. (TA.) And أَجَازَهُ مَاآءً يَجُوزُ بِهِ الطَّرِيقَ (assumed tropical:) He gave him water wherewith to travel the road. (A.) And أَجِزْنِى مَاآءً Give thou me some water that I may go my way, and pass from thee. (Aboo-Bekr, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) اجازهُ بِجَائِزَةٍ, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) and اجازهُ بِجَائِزَةٍ سَنِيَّةٍ, (S, A,) (assumed tropical:) He (the Sultán) gave him a gift, or present, (Aboo-Bekr, TA,) and he gave him a gift, or present, of high estimation. (S, A. *) Or the origin of the expression was this: Katan the son of 'Owf, of the tribe of Benoo-Hilál-Ibn-'Ámir-Ibn-Saasa'ah, gave the government of Fáris to 'Abd-Allah Ibn- 'Abbás; and El-Ahnaf passing by him with his army on an expedition to Khurásán, he waited for them upon a bridge, and said, أَجِيزُوهُمْ [ Make ye them to pass over ]; and he began to mention the lineage of each man and to give him according to his rank: (S:) or from the fact that a certain commander, having a river between him and an opposing force, said, مَنْ جَازَ هٰذَا النَّهْرَ فَلَهُ كَذَا [ Whoso passeth this river shall have such a thing ]; and whenever one passed over, he received a جَائِزَة. (TA.) You say also, أَجَازَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He gave him. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., أَجِيزُوا الوَفْدَ بِنَحْوِ مَا كُنْتُ أُجِيزُهُمْ بِهِ Give ye to the party who come as envoys, or the like, a similar جَائِزَة to that which I used to give them. (TA.)

5 تجوّز اللَّيْلُ جاز الموضع The darkness of the night cleared away. (A.) -A2- تجوّز فِى صَلَاتِهِ He relaxed, or remitted, in his prayer; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) and so in other things; (A;) and abridged it; and was quick in it: said to be from الجَوْزُ “the act of traversing, and going, or passing along:” (TA:) or did less than was sufficient in it. (Msb.) ― -b2- Hence, تجوّز فِى أَخْذِ الدَّرَاهِمِ, (A, Mgh,) or تجوّز الدَّرَاهِمَ, (K,) He accepted the dirhems, or pieces of money, as current; did not reject them: (A, Mgh:) see 1: or he accepted them as they were, or notwithstanding what was in them: (Lth, TA:) or he accepted them notwithstanding what was intermixed with them, (K, TA,) [ of bad money, ] concealed therein, and notwithstanding their fewness. (TA.) In the phrase التَّجَوُّزُ بِدُونِ الحَقِّ [ The accepting less than what was due ], the inf. n. is made trans. by means of بِ because it implies the meaning of الرِّضَا [which is made trans. by the same means]. (Mgh.) ↓ تَجَاوَزْ also occurs in the sense of تَجَوَّزْ in a trad. of Ibn-Rawáhah: هٰذَا لَكَ وَتَجَاوَزْ فِى القَسْمِ This is thine, or for thee, and be thou remiss, or not extreme, in, or with respect to, the division: and is allowable, though we have not heard it. (Mgh.) You say also, تَجَوَّزَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَا لَمْ يَتَجَوَّزْ فِى غَيْرِهِ He bore patiently, or with silence and forgiveness, and with feigned neglect, or connivance, in this affair, or case, what he did not so bear in another. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- See also 6, in three places. -A3- تجوّز فِى كَلَامِهِ He made use of a trope, or tropes, in his speech. (S, K.) [See مَجَازٌ, below.]

6 تجاوزهُ جاوز تجاوز تجاوزه تجاوزة : see 1, first sentence: and see also 3. -A2- تجاوز i. q. أَفْرَطَ, [i.e., جاوز الحَدَّ, explained above,] فِيهِ in it, or with respect to it. (K. See 3.) ― -b2- تجاوز عَنْهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ تجوّز; (S, A, Mgh;) and تجاوزعَنْ ذَنْبِهِ, (A, K,) and ↓ تجوّز, and ↓ جاوز; (K;) He (God, S, A, or a man, Msb) passed him by, or over, without punishing him; or forgave him; (S, A, Mgh, Msb;) namely, an evil-doer; (A, Mgh, Msb;) and He passed by, or over, without punishing, or forgave, his sin or offence. (A, K. *) You say, اَللّٰهُمَّ تَجَاوَزْ عَنِّى, and عَنِّى ↓ تَجَوَّزْ, O God, pass me by, or over, without punishing me; or forgive me. (S, A.) تجاوز عَنْهُ, followed by a noun in the accus. case, also signifies He forgave him a thing. (L.) And the same alone, He feigned himself neglectful of it; he connived at it. (K.) ― -b3- [Also, this last phrase alone, He transcended it. ] ― -b4- تَجَاوَزْ فِى القَسْمِ: see 5.

8 اجتازهُ أجتازه اجتازه اجتازة ٱجتاز ٱجتازه : and اجتاز بِهِ: see 1.

10 استجازهُ استجازه استجازة ٱستجاز ٱستجازه He asked, or demanded, of him permission. (K, * TA.) ― -b2- He asked, or demanded, of him [ the authority or degree of a licentiate; i. e.,] a license with respect to the matters that he had related and heard [ from other learned men, to teach the same ]. (TA.) [See 4.] -A2- (tropical:) He asked, or demanded, of him (S, K) water for, (S,) or to water [ for him ], (K,) his land, or his beasts. (S, K.) -A3- He approved it. (Har p. 326.)

جَوْزٌ جوز The middle (S, K) of a thing, (K,) or of anything; (S;) [as, for instance,] of a desert, (A,) and of a camel, (TA,) and of the night: (A, TA:) and the main part of a thing, (K,) or of the night: (TA:) pl. أَجْوَازٌ; (Sb, S, A;) beside which it has no other. (Sb.) -A2- [The walnut; or walnuts; ] a well-known fruit, (K,) which is eaten: (Msb:) a Persian word, (S,) arabicized; (S, Msb, K;) originally Gَوْزْ: (Mgh, Msb, K:) n. un. جَوْزَةٌ: (S, TA:) pl. جَوْزَاتٌ: (S, K, TA: in the CK جَوْزَانٌ:) the tree thereof abounds in the land of the Arabs, in the province of El-Yemen, where it bears fruit and is cultivated; and in the Sarawát (السَّرَوَات) are trees thereof, which are not cultivated: the wood thereof is characterized by hardness and strength. (AHn. TA.) ― -b2- جَوْزُ بَوَّي, (K,) or جَوْزُ بَوَّا, with the short alif, as heard from the physicians, in Persian Gَوْزِ بُويَا, (Mgh, under the letter ب,) [vulgarly called جَوْزُ الطِّيبِ, The nutmeg; ] a certain medicine; (K;) it is of the size of the gall-nut (عَفْص), easily broken, with a thin coat, (Mgh, TA,) having a pleasant odour, (Mgh,) or a pleasant and sharp odour; and the best kind is the red, with a black coat, and heavy: (TA:) it is good for the [ affection of the face termed ] لَقْوَة, strengthens the stomach and heart, and removes cold. (Mgh.) ― -b3- جَوْزُ مَاثِلٍ [ The datura stramonium, or thorn-apple; ] also a certain medicine; (K;) having the property of producing torpor; resembling the جَوْزُ القَىْءِ (see what follows); having upon it small, thick thorns; and its seed is like that of the أُتْرُجّ [or citror. ]. (TA.) ― -b4- جَوْزُ القّىْءِ [ Nux vomica; ] also a certain medicine, (K,) having a power similar to that of the white خَرْبَق [or hellebore ]. (TA.) ― -b5- جَوْزُ الهِنْدِ [ The cocoa-nut; ] what is commonly called the نَارَجِيل. (TA.)

جَوْزَةٌ جوز جوزه جوزة : see جَائِزَةٌ, in four places. -A2- Also n. un. of جَوْزٌ [q. v.].

جِيزَةٌ جيزه جيزة : see جَائِزَةٌ.

الجَوْزَاآءُ الجوزاآء A certain constellation (نَجْمٌ); (S;) a certain sign of the Zodiac; (K;) [namely, Gemini; ] said to cross the جَوْز (i. e. the middle, TA) of the sky; (S, TA;) for which reason it is [asserted to be] thus called. (TA.) ― -b2- Also i. q. الجَبَّارُ [ The constellation Orion ]: (A and K in art. جبر:) it has three very bright stars disposed obliquely in the midst thereof, called by the Arabs النَّظْمُ, and نِطَاقُ الجَوْزَاآءِ, and فَقَارُ الجَوْزَاآءِ. (Har p. 456.)

جَوَازٌ جواز (assumed tropical:) The act of watering, or giving to drink: (S:) or a single watering of, or giving drink to, camels. (TA.) [See also جَائِزَةٌ.] A rájiz says, يَا صَاحِبَ ا@لْمَاآءِ فَدَتْكَ نَفْسِى عَجِّلْ جَوَازِي وَأَقِلَّ حَبْسِى [ O master of the water ( may my soul be thy ransom ) hasten the watering of my camels, and make my detention little ]. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) The water with which beasts are watered, or with which seed-produce is watered: (AA, S, K:) [and] water which is given one that he may travel with it the road. (A, Mgh.) [See also جَائِزَةٌ.] ― -b3- Hence, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) The traveller's pass, (A, Mgh, K,) given him to prevent any one's offering opposition to him: (A, Mgh:) pl. أَجْوِزَةٌ. (A, TA.) -A2- The office, or authority, of a guardian and affiancer. (TA.)

جَائِزٌ ذ [act. part. n. of جَازَ, in all its senses]. ― -b2- Passing, or current, money. (Mgh.) See an ex. above, voce جَازَ. [And hence,] جَوَائِزُ الأَشْعَارِ, and الأَمْثَالِ, (K, TA,) for the former of which we find, in some copies of the K, الشِّعْرِ, which is incorrect, (TA,) Verses, or poems, and proverbs, current from country to country, or from town to town. (K, TA.) ― -b3- Applied to a contract, [and a sale and a marriage, Allowable; passing for lawful; ] passing as right, sound, valid, or good [ in law ]; having effect. (Msb.) -A2- [The beam of a house, or chamber, upon which rest the عَوَارِض, or rafters; ] that upon which are placed the extremities of the pieces of wood in the roof of a house or chamber; (AO, TA;) the palm-trunk, (S,) or piece of wood, which passes across between two walls, (K,) called in Persian تِيْر, (S, K,) which is the سَهْم of the house or chamber: (S:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْوِزَةٌ, (S, CK, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the K, incorrectly, أجْوُزٌ, (TA,) [and both these are given in the CK,] and [of mult.] جُوزَانٌ (S, K) and جِيزَانٌ (CK, but omitted in my MS. copy of the K and in the TA,) and جَوَائِزُ. (Seer, K.)

جَائِزَةٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A draught of water; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَوْزَةٌ: (K:) or ↓ the latter signifies a single watering, or giving of water to drink; (S, K; [see an ex. in art. اذن, conj. 2;]) or such as a man passes with from one person to another: and ↓ both signify the quantity of water with which the traveller passes from one watering-place to another; as also ↓ جِيزَةٌ. (TA.) It is said in a prov., ثُمَّ يُؤُذَّنُ ↓ لِكُلِّ جَابِهٍ جَوْزَةٌ, i. e., (assumed tropical:) For every one that comes to us for water is a single water-ing, or giving of water to drink; then he is repelled from the water: or, as in the M, then his ear is struck, to indicate to him that he has nothing more than that to receive from us. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (A, Mgh,) accord. to Aboo-Bekr, (TA,) [but see 4,] (assumed tropical:) A gift, or present: (Aboo-Bekr, S, Mgh, K:) pl. جَوَائِزُ. (S, A, Mgh.) ― -b3- Hence also, (Mgh,) (tropical:) Kindness and courtesy: (K:) or kindnesses and courtesy shown to those who come to one as envoys or the like: (Mgh:) or provisions for a day and a night given to a guest at his departure after entertainment for three days. (Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad., الضِّيَافَةُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَجَائِزَتُهُ يَوْمٌ وَلَيْلَةٌ وَمَا زَادَ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ, meaning, [The period of] the entertainment of a guest is three days, during the first of which the host shall take trouble to show him large kindness and courtesy, and on the second and third of which he shall offer him what he has at hand, not exceeding his usual custom; then he shall give him that wherewith to journey for the space of a day and a night; and what is after that shall be as an alms and an act of favour, which he may do if he please of neglect if he please. (TA.)

مَجَازٌ مجاز مجازي A way, road, or path, (S, K, TA,) which one travels from one side [or end ] to the other; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مَجَازَةٌ. (TA.) You say, جَعَلَ فُلَانٌ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ مَجَازًا اـِلَى حَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one made that thing a way to the attainment of his want. (S, TA.) نَهْرٍ ↓ مَجَازَةُ signifies A bridge. (A.) And ↓ مَجَازَةٌ alone [also] signifies A road (طَرِيقَةٌ) in a سَبْخَة [or salt tract ]. (K.) ― -b2- A privy, or place where one performs ablution; syn. مُتَبَرَّزٌ. (TA.) -A2- A trope; a word, or phrase, used in a sense different from that which it was originally applied to denote, by reason of some analogy, or connexion, between the two senses; as, for instance, أَسَدٌ, properly signifying “ a lion, ” applied to “ a courageous man; ” (KT, &c.;) what passes beyond the meaning to which it is originally applied; (TA;) [being of the measure مَفْعَلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ;] contr. of حَقِيقَةٌ. (K.) [This is also called مَجَازٌ لُغَوِىٌّ, and مَجَازٌ لُغَةً; to distinguish it from what is termed مَجَازٌ عُرْفِىٌّ, and مَجَازٌ عُرْفًا, which is A word, or phrase, so little used in a particular proper sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as tropical; as, for instance, دَابَّةٌ in the sense of “ a man, ” or “ a human being; ” it being commonly applied to “ a beast, ” and especially to “ a horse ” or “ a mule ” or “ an ass. ”] A حَقِيقَة, when little used, becomes what is termed مَجَازٌ عُرْفًا. (Mz, 24th نوع.) The مَجَاز is either what is termed اِسْتِعَارَةٌ [i. e. a metaphor ] (as أَسَدٌ used as meaning “ a courageous man ”), or مَجَازٌ مُرْسَلٌ [ a loose trope ] (as يَدٌ used as meaning “ a benefit, ” “ benefaction, ” “ favour, ” or “ boon ”). (KT, &c.) [مَجَازٌ also signifies A tropical meaning. ]

مُجَازٌ مجاز مجازي : and مُجَازَاتٌ: see 4, in the middle of the paragraph.

مُجِيزٌ مجيز A commissioned agent of another; an executor appointed by a will; syn. وَكِيلٌ, and وَصِىّ; because he executes what he is ordered to do: so in the conventional language of the people of El-Koofeh: (Mgh:) or a slave who has received permission to traffic. (Mgh, K.) ― -b2- The guardian and affiancer [of a woman]; syn. وَلِىٌّ. (K.) You say, هٰذِهِ ا@مْرَأَةٌ لَيْسَ لَهَا مُجِيزٌ [ This is a woman who has no guardian and affiancer ]: and Shureyh is related to have said, اـِذَا أَنْكَحَ ا@لْمُجِيزَانِ فَالنِّكَاحُ لِلْأَوَّلِ [ When the two guardians and affiancers give a woman in marriage, the marriage is the former's ]. (TA.) ― -b3- The manager of the affairs of an orphan. (K.)

مَجَازَةٌ مجاز مجازه مجازة : see مَجَازٌ, in three places. -A2- أَرْضٌ مَجَازَةٌ (S, A) A land containing trees of the جَوْز [or walnut ]: (S:) or a land (in the K, مَكَان [ a place ], which is wrong, TA) abounding with جَوْز. (A, K.)

[ مَجَازِىٌّ مجاز مجازى مجازي مجازيي Tropical. ]

مُجَتَازٌ مجتاز Going, or passing along. (K.) ― -b2- One who travels, or penetrates, along a road. (K.) ― -b3- One who loves to hasten, or outstrip. (K, TA.)

1 جَاسَ جاس , aor. يَجُوسُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. جَوْسٌ, (A, K,) He sought for, or after, (Zj, S, A, K,) a thing, (Zj, A, K,) or news, or tidings, (S,) with the utmost of his endeavour. (Zj, A, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] جَاسُوا خِلَالَ الدِّيَارِ, (S, A,) in the Kur [xvii. 5], (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, A, K,) They went through the midst of the houses (تَخَلَّلُوهَا), and sought for what was in them, as a man seeks for news, or tidings; as also ↓ اجتاسوا: (S:) or they went to and fro among the houses, in a sudden attack: (A, K:) or the meaning in the Kur is, they slew you amid your houses; and حَاسُوا signifies the same; going and coming: (Fr, TA:) and, inf. n. as above, (K,) and جَوَسَانٌ, (S, K,) they went round about (Zj, S, A, K) by night, (S,) among the houses, (Zj, A, K,) looking if any remained whom they had not slain, (Zj, TA,) or doing mischief: (A:) and ↓ اِجْتِيَاسٌ signifies the same as جَوَسَانٌ, (K, TA,) the going round about by night. (TA.) ― -b3- جِيسَ also signifies It (anything) was trodden: جَوْسٌ is said to be like دَوْسٌ: (TA:) and you say, جَاآءَ فُلَانٌ يَجُوسُ النَّاسَ Such a one came stepping over the people; syn. يَتَخَطَّاهُمْ. (A, TA. *) And accord. to A' Obeyd, جُسْتُهُ and حُسْتُهُ both signify I came into it, and trod it; (خَالَطْتُهُ وَوَطِئْتُهُ;) meaning, any place. (TA.) You say also, جَاسَهُمُ الأَسَدُ The lion trod upon them: or came into the midst of them, and did mischief among them. (TA; [in which the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is said to be جَوْسٌ and جَوْسَاآءُ: but the latter is probably a mistranscription for جَوَسَانٌُ.])

8 اـِجْتَوَسَ see 1, in two places.

جَوَّاسٌ جواس One who treads upon everything: or who comes into the midst of a people, and does mischief among them. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) The lion. (K, TA.) And in like manner it is applied to a man. (TA.)

جَوْسَقٌ جوسق i. q. قَصْرٌ [ A palace: or a pavilion, or kind of building wholly or for the most. part isolated, sometimes on the top of a larger building, i. e., a belvedere, and sometimes projecting from a larger building, and generally consisting of one room if forming a part of a larger building ]: (S, K, and Ham p. 823:) or a fortress; syn. حِصْنٌ: (M, IB, TA:) or [ a building ] resembling a حِصْن: (M:) an arabicized word, (Lth, JK, S, M,) from the Persian كُوشْك: (TA:) its primary meaning is a حِصْن in a state of demolition; and a ruined قَصْر: pl. جَوَاسِقُ and جَوَاسِيقُ; the latter formed by giving fulness of sound to the kesreh, or by poetic license. (Ham ubi suprà.) There were, in the Karáfeh, [the great burial-ground of the Egyptian metropolis,] numerous قُصُور, i. e., what are called جواسق, having belvederes (مَنَاظِر) and gardens: but most of the جواسق were without gardens and without a well; being lofty belvederes: all of them were called قُصُور. (El-Makreezee's “ Khitat, ” ii. 453.)

جَوْشٌ ذ The breast; (S, A, K;) as also جُؤْشُوشٌ (S) and جَوْشٌ: (S, A:) and [particularly] that of a man; as also ↓ جُوشٌ: (K:) and the middle of a man. (K.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The fore part (صَدْر) of the night; like جَرْشٌ; (S;) and so ↓ جُوشٌ: (TA:) or the middle thereof; (K;) as also جَوْزٌ: (AA:) and a great portion thereof: or of the latter part thereof: (K:) or a portion of the latter part thereof: (TA:) or from the time of a quarter to a third thereof. (T, TA.) You say, مَضَى جَوْشٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) [ A portion of the fore part, &c., of the night passed ]. (S.)

جُوشٌ ذ : see above, in two places.

جَوْشَنٌ ذ The breast: (IDrd, S, Mgh, K:) or the broad part of the middle of the breast: and the fore part of the body of a locust. (TA.) ― -b2- A coat of mail: (S, Mgh, K:) or mail with which the breast and the حَيْزُوم [or parts adjoining the breast ] are clad. (M, TA.) ― -b3- The middle of the night: (S, K:) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) the fore part thereof: (S, K:) pl. جَوَاشِنُ. (S.) You say, مَضَى جَوْشَنٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ An early portion of the night passed: (S:) or [simply] a portion of the night. (M, TA.) It is a dial. var. of جَوْشٌ, [in the first of the meanings explained above, and also as relating to the night,] although augmented. (TA.)

جَوْشَنِىٌّ ذ A manufacturer of coats of mail. (K.)

1 جَاعَ جاع , (S, Msb, K,) aor. يَجُوعُ, (S,) inf. n. جَوْعٌ, (Msb, K,) or جُوعٌ, (S, so in two copies,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) and مَجَاعَةٌ, (S, K,) He was, or became, hungry; or empty in the belly; (TA;) contr. of شَبِعَ. (S, K, TA.) [See also جُوعٌ below.] ― -b2- [Hence,] جَاعَ اـِلَيْهِ, (K,) or جَاعَ اـِلَى لِقَائِهِ, (M, TA,) (tropical:) He desired, (M, K, *) and longed, (K,) [ as though hungering, ] to meet with him; like عَطِشَ. (M, K. *) And جَاعَ اـِلَى مَالِهِ (tropical:) He longed for his property. (AZ.)

2 جَوَّعَ see 4, in two places.

4 اجاعهُ أجاع أجاعه اـجاعة اجاعه اجاعة , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. اـِجَاعَةٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ جوّعهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيعٌ; (Msb;) He constrained him to be hungry, or empty in the belly: (S, * K, TA:) or he debarred him from food and drink. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., أَجِعْ كَلْبَكَ يَتْبَعْكَ [ Make thy dog to be hungry and he will follow thee ]; (S, K;) meaning (assumed tropical:) constrain thou the ignoble to have recourse to thee, by want, in order that he may continue by thee; (K, * TA;) for if he be in no need of thee, he will leave thee: and for أَجِعْ, some say ↓ جَوِّعْ. (TA.)

5 تجوّع جاع جوع تجوع He made himself hungry, or empty in the belly, intentionally, or purposely. (S, K.) You say, تَوَحَّشْ لِلدَّوَاآءِ and تَجَوَّعْ لِلدَّوَاآءِ, [ Make thyself hungry, or make thy stomach empty of food and beverage, (see art. وحش,) or] abstain thou from eating the full quantity of food, for the purpose of taking medicine. (TA.)

10 استجاع استجاع He showed hunger. (KL, PS.) ― -b2- [Hence,] اِسْتِجَاعَةُ العِلْمِ (assumed tropical:) The being insatiable of knowledge. (TA.)

جُوعٌ جوع , a subst., (Msb, TA,) signifying Hunger; or emptiness of the belly; (TA;) contr. of شِبَعٌ; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ مَجَاعَةٌ, [properly an inf. n.,] and ↓ مَجْوَعَةٌ, (K, TA,) and ↓ مَجُوعَةٌ. (TA.) You say, جُوعًا لَهُ وَنُوعًا [May God decree hunger to him ]: accord. to Sb, an instance of inf. ns. in the accus. case by reason of a verb understood: it is a form of imprecation: and the latter noun may not be put before the former, because it is a corroborative to it: (TA:) or, accord. to some, نُوعٌ means “ thirst. ” (S, &c., in art. نوع.) And ↓ عَامُ مَجَاعَةٍ and ↓ مَجْوَعَةٍ (S, K) and ↓ مَجُوعَةٍ (TA) A year in which is hunger, or emptiness of the belly: (K, TA:) and ↓ عَامُ المَجَاعَةِ and ↓ المَجُوعَةِ [ the year of hunger, &c.]: (Msb:) pl. مَجَائِعُ (K) and مَجَاوِهُ: as in the phrases أَصَابَتْهُمُ المَجَاوِعُ [ Cases of hunger, &c., befell them ] and وَقَعُوافِى المَجَاوِعِ [ They fell into cases of hunger, &c.]. (TA.) And ↓ الرَّضَاعَةُ مِنَ المَجَاعَةِ, meaning The sucking which occasions interdiction [of marriage with the woman whose milk is sucked and certain of her relations] is that consequent upon hunger which is stopped by the milk in the time of infancy of the child; not when the child's hunger is only to be stopped by solid food. (Mgh.) [See also 1 in art. رضع.] And it is said in a prov., سَمَنُ كَلْبٍ بِجُوعِ أَهْلِهِ, i. e. [ The dog's becoming fat is ] by reason of [ the hunger of his owners occasioned by] murrain befalling the camels; (K, * TA;) his owners falling into hunger and distress and leanness: (TA:) or كلب was the name of a certain man, who was an object of fear, wherefore he was asked for a pledge, and he pledged his family: then obtaining possession of the camels, or cattle, of the people to whom he had pledged his family, he drove them away, and left his family: (K, TA:) some relate this prov. differently, saying [سَمِنَ كَلْبٌ “ a dog, ” or “ Kelb, ” “ became fat, ” and] بِبُؤْسِ أَهْلِهِ [“ by reason of the distress of his owners, ” or “ his family ”]. (TA.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 615.]

جَوْعَةٌ جوع جوعه جوعة A single temporary affection of hunger. (S, TA.) A state of destitution and hunger of a tribe. (TA.)

جَوْعَانُ جوعان : see the next paragraph.

جَائِعٌ ذ and ↓ جَوْعَانُ, (Msb, K, TA,) but not جَيْعَانُ, [as the vulgar say,] for this a mistake, (TA,) Hungry; or empty in the belly: (K, * TA:) or debarred from food and drink: (Msb:) the fem. [of the former] is جَائِعَةٌ and [of the latter] جَوْعَى: (Msb, K:) and the pl. [of the former] is جُوَّعٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُيَّعٌ, with the و changed into ى, (L,) and [of the latter, or perhaps of both,] جِيَاعٌ (S, K) and جَاعَةٌ (K * in art. سوع) and جَيَاعَى [with the و changed into ى contr. to rule, if this be not a mistake for جِيَاعٌ, in which the و is changed into ى by rule]. (Msb.) You say جَائِعٌ نَائِعٌ; the latter word being an imitative sequent; (TA;) or, accord. to some, signifying “ thirsty. ” (S, &c., in art. نوع.) ― -b2- رَجُلٌ جَائِعُ القِدْرِ (tropical:) A man whose cookingpot is not full. (TA.) ― -b3- اِمْرَأَةٌ جَائِعَةُ الوِشَاحِ (tropical:) A woman slender in the [ waist, or] belly. (K, * TA.) [See art. وشح.]

مَجَاعٌ مجاع [The space in which one becomes hungry ]. You say, هُوَ مِنِّى عَلَى قَدْرِ مَجَاعِ الشَّبْعَانِ, i. e., عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَجُوعُ الشَّبْعَانُ [ He, or it, is distant from me as far as the space in which he who is satiated with food becomes hungry ]: (O, K: *) and in like manner, عَلَى قَدْرِ مَعْطَشِ الرَّيَّانِ [as far as the space in which he who is satisfied with drink becomes thirsty]. (Z, TA.)

مَجَاعَةٌ مجاعه مجاعة : see جُوعٌ, in four places.

مَجْوَعَةٌ مجوعه مجوعة and مَجُوعَةٌ: see جُوعٌ, in five places.

مُسْتَجِيعٌ مستجيع A man (S) who always shows himself, or is seen, to be hungry: (S, A, O, K:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, who is always eating one thing after another. (Sgh, L.)

1 جَوَفٌ أجوف جوف The being [ hollow, or] wide and hollow within: (PS:) or the being empty, vacant, or void: an inf. n. of which the verb is of the class of تَعِبَ [i. e. جَافَ, originally جَوِفَ, like خَافَ, sec. pers. جِفْتَ, aor. يَجَافُ]: (Msb:) the being wide, spacious, or ample: (K:) the inf. n., or source, whence شَىْءٌ أَجْوَفُ. (S.) [See also 10.] -A2- جَافَهُ, [aor. يَجُوفُ,] inf. n. جَوْفٌ, It reached his جَوْف [or inside, or interior, &c.]. (TA.) It (medicine) entered his جَوْف. (TA. [See also 8.]) And جَافَتْهُ الجِرَاحَةُ The wound reached his جَوْف. (Msb.) ― -b2- طَعَنَهُ فَجَافَهُ, and ↓ اجافهُ, He pierced him and pierced his جَوْف: (Mgh, Msb:) and ↓ جوّفهُ, inf. n. تَجْوِيفٌ, he pierced him in his جَوْف. (TA.) جُفْتُهُ بِالطَّعْنَةِ, and الطَّعْنَةَ ↓ أَجَفْتُهُ, I made the spear-wound, or the like, to reach his جَوْف. (Ks, A 'Obeyd, S, K.) جَافَ الصَّيْدَ He made the arrow to enter the جَوْف of the object of the chase. (TA.)

2 تَجْوِيفٌ تجويف The making [a thing] hollow, or empty in the middle. (KL, PS.) You say, جوّفهُ, inf. n. تَجْوِيفٌ, [ He made it hollow; hollowed it out; ] he made it to have a جَوْف. (Msb.) And of a thing that is مُجَوَّف, (S, K,) i. e. أجْوَف, (S,) you say, فِيهِ تَجْوِيفٌ [ In it is a hollowing out; meaning a hollow, in which sense تجويف has a pl., namely, تَجَاوِيفُ]. (S, K.) ― -b2- See also 1.

4 أَجْوَفَ see 1, in two places. ― -b2- اجاف البَابَ (tropical:) He shut, or closed, the door. (S, K, TA.) Hence, in a trad., وَأَجِيفُوا الأَبْوَاَ وَأَطْفِئُوا المَصَابِيحَ [ And shut ye the doors, and extinguish the lamps ]. (TA.)

5 تجوّف جوف تجوف It was, or became, hollow, or empty within. (KL.) -A2- تجوّفهُ: see 8. ― -b2- تَجَوَّفَتِ الخُوصَةُ العَرْفَجَ The leaf was in the جَوْف [or inside ] of the [ plant called ] عرفج, not having yet come forth. (S.)