Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

مُعَرَّفٌ ذ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. -A2- ] Food rendered fragrant. (TA.) -A3- And Food put part upon part [app. so that the uppermost portion resembles a mane or the like (عُرْف)]. (TA.) [Golius, as on the authority of J, and hence Freytag, assign to it a meaning belonging to مُعَرَّقٌ.] -A4- Also The place of halting [of the pilgrims] at عَرَفَات. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- And in a trad. of I'Ab, the phrase بَعْدَ المُعَرَّفِ occurs as meaning After the halting at عَرَفَة [or rather عَرَفَات]. (TA.)

مَعْرُوفٌ ذ [ Known: and particularly well, or commonly, known ]. أَمْرٌ مَعْرُوفٌ and ↓ عَارِفٌ, (O, Msb, K, TA,) accord. to Lth, but the latter is disapproved by Az, having not been heard by him on any other authority than that of Lth, (O, TA,) [though there are other similar instances well known, (see أَمْرٌ, and دَافِقٌ,)] signify the same [i. e. A known affair or event &c.]; (O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَرِيفٌ. (Msb, TA,) ― -b2- [Hence, in grammar, The active voice; opposed to مَجْهُولٌ.] ― -b3- See also عُرْفٌ, former half, in seven places. -A2- أَرْضٌ مَعْرُوفَهٌ Land having a fragrant عَرْف [or odour ]. (TA.) -A3- رَجُلٌ مَعْرُوفٌ A man having a purulent pustule, termed عَرْفَة, come forth in the whiteness [or palm ] of his hand. (S.)

مُعْتَرِفٌ ذ [part. n. of 8, q. v.]. 'Omar is related to have said, اُطْرُدُوا المُعْتَرِفِينَ, meaning [ Drive ye away ] those who inform against themselves [or confess or acknowledge the commission] of something for which castigation is due to them; as though he disliked their doing so, and desired that people should protect them. (TA.)

مُتَعَارَفٌ ذ [applied to language, or a phrase, or word, means Known by common conventional usage ]. One says, هُوَ مُتَعَارَفٌ بَيْنَهُمْ It is known [ by common conventional usage ] among them. (MA. See also عُرْفٌ.])

عَرْفَجٌ ذ A certain plant, (S,) or a sort of trees [or shrubs ], (K,) growing in plain, or soft, land: n. un. with ة: (S, K:) it is said to be of the trees [or shrubs ] of the صَيْف [meaning either spring or summer ], soft, or pliable, dust-coloured, and having a rough produce like the حَسَك [or prickly heads of thistles and similar plants ]: (TA:) Aboo-Ziyád says, (O, TA,) as related by AHn, (O,) that it is of sweet, or pleasant, odour, dustcoloured, inclining to greenness, having a yellow blossom; (O, TA;) and when it becomes aggregated and abundant in a place, that place is called حَوْمَانٌ: (O:) it has no grains nor thorns: (O, TA:) it and the ثُمَام and the ضَعَة grow in plain, or soft, land, and on the mountain; and none of these has thorns: its firewood is the best of firewood in odour, and the quickest in taking fire and in blazing: (O:) AHn [also] says, certain of the Arabs of the desert informed me that its root is wide, occupying a [ considerable ] piece of ground; and it sends forth many shoots, proportionate to the root, without leaves, [but see خُوصٌ,] being only slender shoots, at the extremities whereof are [ buds, or the like, such as are termed ] زَمَع, at the heads of which appears a yellow substance like hair: and he says that, accord. to the ancient Arabs of the desert, it occupies a space like that of a man sitting, becomes white when it dries up, has a yellow produce, is eaten in the fresh and dry state by the camels and sheep or goats, and its flame is intensely red, whence one says, كَأَنَّ لِحْيَتَهُ ضِرَامُ عَرْفَجَةٍ or عَرْفَجٍ [ As though his beard were the blazing, or flaming, of an 'arfajeh or of 'arfaj ]. (TA.) The fire of the عرفج is called نَارُ الزَّحْفَتَيْنِ [The fire of the two walks]; because he who kindles it walks to it, and when it burns up he walks from it: (T, TA:) or because it quickly blazes and quickly subsides; so when it blazes they walk from it, and when it subsides they walk to it. (O. [See also art. زحف.]) When the greenness of plants appears in it, it is termed عَرْفَجَةٌ خَاضِبَةٌ. (Aboo- 'Obeyd El-Bekree, TA.) When it has been rained upon, and its stalk has become soft, one says ثَقَّبَ عُودُ العَرْفَجِ: when it has become somewhat black, قَمِلَ: when a little more so, اِرْقَاطَّ: when more so, أَدْبَى: and when its خُوص are perfect, أَخْوَصَ. (AA, TA.) ― -b2- كَمَنِّ الغَيْثِ عَلَى العَرْفَجَةِ [ Like the benefit conferred by the rain upon the 'arfajeh ], meaning its falling upon it when dry, and causing it to become green, is a prov., said, accord. to AZ, to him upon whom thou hast conferred a benefit and who says to thee, Dost thou confer a benefit upon me? (TA.) ― -b3- لَىُّ العَرْفَجَةِ signifies A certain mode of coïtus. (O, K.)

عَرَافِجُ ذ Sands in which is no road. (O, K. [In the latter it is expl. as though it were a proper name.])

عُرْفُطٌ ذ [ A species of mimosa; called by Forskål mimosa örfota; (see his Flora Ægypt. Arab., pp. cxxiii. and 177;)] a sort of trees of the [ description termed ] عِضَاه, (S, O, K,) which exudes [ the gum called ] مُغْفُور, and of which the fruit (بَرَمَة) is white and round: (S:) it has a gum of disagreeable odour ; and when bees eat it, somewhat of its odour is found in their honey: (TA:) AHn says that, accord. to Aboo-Ziyád, it is of the عضاه, and spreads upon the ground, not rising towards the sky, and has a broad leaf, and a sharp, curved thorn; it is of those trees of which the bark is stripped off and made into well-ropes; (O, TA;) and there comes forth from its fruit (بَرَم) what is termed عُلَّفَةٌ, [i. e. a pod, ] resembling a bean, (O, * TA,) which is eaten by the camels and the sheep or goats: (O:) it is said by another, or others, that its fruit (بَرَمَة) is called فَتْلَة, and is white, as though fringed with cotton; (O, TA;) like the button of the shirt, or somewhat larger: (O:) Aboo-Ziyád [further] says, (TA,) it is compact in its branches; has no wood that is useful like other wood; and has abundance of gum, which sometimes drops upon the ground until there are, beneath the trees, what resemble great mill-stones: Sh says that it is a short tree, the branches of which are near together, having many thorns; its height is like that of a camel lying down; it has a small, diminutive leaf; grows upon the mountains; and the camels eat it, particularly desiring the upper extremities of its branches: (O, TA:) [the word is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with اـِبِلٌ عُرْفُطِيَّةٌ. (O, K.)

عُرْفُط ذ Camels that eat the [ kind of trees called ] عُرْفُط. (TA.)

1 عَرَقَ العَظْمَ ذ , (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. عَرُقَ , (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَرْقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعْرَقٌ; (S, O, K; [see an ex. of the last voce عَارِقٌ;]) and ↓ تعرّقهُ; (S, O, K;) He ate off the flesh from the bone, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) taking it with his fore teeth: (TA:) and one says also اللَّحْمَ ↓ تعرّق [meaning as above]: (Lh, TA in art. نهس:) and العَظْمَ ↓ اعترق is likewise said to signify as above. (TA.) ― -b2- عَرَقْتُ مَا عَلَى العُرَاقِ مِنَ اللَّحْمِ I pared off what was on the bone, of flesh, with a مِعْرَق, i. e. a large, or broad, knife or blade. (TA.) ― -b3- And [hence,] عَرَقَتْهُ السِّنُونَ, aor. as above, i. e. [ The years, or droughts, or years of drought, ] took from him [ his flesh, or rendered him lean ]; namely, a man. (TA.) الخُطُوبُ ↓ تَعَرَّقَتْهُ, also, signifies the like, i. e. [ Afflictions, or calamities, ] took from him [ his flesh, &c.]. (TA.) بِى عَامُ المَعَاصِيمِ ↓ أَيَّامَ أَعْرَقَ cited by Th, he expl. as meaning In the days when the year of the مَعَاصِم took away my flesh: i. e., when the dirt, consequent upon drought, reached my مَعَاصِم [or wrists]; المَعَاصِيمِ being here used by poetic license for المَعَاصِمِ: but ISd says, “ I know not what this explanation is. ” (L.) And عُرِقَ, inf. n. عَرْقٌ, signifies He (a man) was, or became, emaciated, or lean. (K.) ↓ التَّعَرُّقُ is also used in relation to other than material objects; as the strength and patience of camels, which are meant by خِلَالَهُنَّ [“ their properties ” or “ qualities, ” خِلَال in this case being pl. of خَلَّةٌ,] in the phrase يَتَعَرَّقُونَ خِلَالَهُنّ [ They exhaust, or wear out, their properties, or qualities, of strength and patience], in a verse cited by IAar, describing camels and a company of riders. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence, app.,] طَرِيقٌ يَعْرُقُهُ النَّاسُ (K, TA) A road which men travel [as though they pared it]. (TA.) -A2- عَرَقَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (S, O, K,) aor. عَرِقَ , (S, O, TA,) not عَرُقَ , as seems to be required by the method of the K, (TA,) inf. n. عُرُوقٌ (S, O, TA) and عَرْقٌ, (TA,) He (a man, S, O, TA) went away into the country, or in the land; syn. ذَهَبَ [which, followed by فى الارض, often means he went into the open country, or out of doors, to satisfy a want of nature ]. (S, O, K, TA.) -A3- عَرَقَ المَزَادَةَ, (K, TA,) and السُّفْرَةَ, aor. عَرُقَ , inf. n. عَرْقٌ, (TA,) He made to the مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag ], (K, TA,) and to the سُفْرَة [or round piece of skin in which food is put and upon which one eats ], (TA,) what is termed an عِرَاق [q. v.]. (K, TA.) -A4- عَرِقَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. عَرَقَ , inf. n. عَرَقٌ, (Msb,) He sweated. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- And [hence, app.,] عَرِقَ, inf. n. عَرَقٌ, said of a wall, It became moist: [or it exuded moisture: ] and in like manner one says of earth, or land, when the dew, or rain, has percolated in it (نَتَحَ فِيهَا) so that it has met the moisture thereof. (TA.) ― -b3- [It is also said in the TA, in the supplement to this art., that عرقت اليه بِخَبَرٍ means ندبت: but I think that the phrase is correctly عَرِقْتُ اـِلَيْهِ بِخَيْرٍ; and the explanation, نَدِيتُ: meaning I did to him good: see art. ندو and ندى.] ― -b4- And عَرِقَ, (O, K,) inf. n. عَرَقٌ, (TA,) signifies also He was, or became, heavy, sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (O, K.) -A5- عَرُقَ, inf. n. عَرَاقَةٌ, It had root: and he was of generous origin. (MA.) [See also 4, latter half.]

2 عَرَّقَ see 4, third sentence. ― -b2- عرّق الشَّرَابَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيقٌ, (S, O,) He mixed the wine, [ with water, ] not doing so immoderately: (S, O:) or he put a little water into it; as also ↓ اعرقهُ; (K;) or the latter signifies he put into it some water, not much: (S:) [but] accord. to Lh, الكَأْسَ ↓ أَعْرَقْتُ signifies I filled the cup of wine: or, accord. to IAar, عَرَّقْتُ الكَأْسَ signifies I put little water to the cup of wine; and so ↓ أَعْرَقْتُهَا: but the former of these two phrases is also expl. as meaning I mixed the cup of wine; whether with little or much water not being specified: (TA:) and الخَمْرَةَ ↓ تَعَرَّقْتُ signifies I mixed [ with water the wine, or portion of wine ]. (Ham p. 561.) ― -b3- عرّق فِى الدَّلْوِ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. as above; (O, K;) and فِيهَا ↓ اعرق; (O, K, TA;) He put into the bucket less water than what would fill it, (S, O, K,) on the occasion of drawing: (S, O:) or he put little water into the bucket; and so فِى السِّقَاآءِ [ into the skin ]: (TA:) and عَرِّقْ فِى الاـِنَاآءِ Put thou less than what would fill it into the vessel. (S.) ― -b4- بَرَّقْتَ وَعَرَّقْتَ Thou madest a sign with a thing, that had nothing to verify it, [or madest a false display, or a vain promise, ] and didst little. (IAar, TA in this art and in art. برق.) -A2- عرّق الفَرَسَ, (O, TA,) inf. n. as above; and ↓ اعرقهُ; (TA;) He made the horse [ to sweat, or] to run in order that he might sweat, and become lean, and lose his flabbiness of flesh. (O, * TA.) -A3- See also 4, again, in three places.

4 أَعْرَقَ see 1, former half. -A2- اعرقهُ عَرْقًا He gave him a bone with flesh upon it, or of which the flesh had been eaten. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence, app.,] مَاأَعْرَقْتُهُ شَيْئًا and ↓ مَا عَرَّقْتُهُ I gave him not anything. (O, TA.) ― -b3- And عرقهُ He gave him to drink pure, or unmixed, wine; or wine with a little mixture [ of water ]. (Ham p. 561.) ― -b4- See also 2, in four places. -A3- اعرق الفَرَسَ: see 2, last sentence but one. -A4- اعرق الشَّجَرُ, (S, O, K,) and النَّبَاتُ, (S,) The trees, (S, O, K,) and the plants, (S,) extended their roots into the earth; (S, O, K, * TA;) in the K, اِشْتَدَّتْ is erroneously put for اِمْتَدَّتْ, and so [in one place] in the O; (TA;) as also ↓ تعرّق, said of trees, (M, O, TA,) and ↓ عرّق, (M, TA,) and in like manner, ↓ اعترق, and ↓ استعرق, said of trees, i. e., struck their roots into the earth, as in the A: (TA:) [but accord. to Mtr,] in the phrase فِى ↓ رَجُلٌ لَهُ شَجَرَةٌ تَعَرَّقَتْ مِلْكِ غَيْرِهِ, meaning [ A man of whom a tree ] whereof the root crept along beneath the ground [ into the property of another ], in [one of the books of which each is entitled] “ the Wáki'át, ” تعرّقت should correctly be ↓ عَرَّقَتْ. (Mgh.) ― -b2- [Hence,] one says, أَعْرَقَ فِيهِ أَعْمَامُهُ وَأَخْوَالُهُ [ His paternal uncles and his maternal uncles implanted, or engendered, in him, by natural transmission, a quality, or qualities, possessed by them, or what is termed a strain ]; (S, O, TA; [in which the meaning is indicated by the context;]) and so ↓ عرّق. (L, TA.) [See also the saying ضَرَبَتْ فِيهِ فُلَانَةُ بِعِرْقٍ ذِى أَشَبٍ in the second quarter of the first paragraph of art. ضرب.] And أُعْرِقَ, (S, O, [agreeably with the context in both, in like manner as it is with explanations of phrases here preceding,]) or أَعْرَقَ, (K, [but I know nothing that is in favour of this latter except a questionable explanation of مُعْرِقٌ which will be mentioned below, voce عَرِيقٌ,]) said of a man, and likewise of a horse, (S, O,) He was, or became, rooted (عَرِيقًا), (S, O, K,) i. e. one having a radical, or hereditary, share (لَهُ عِرْقٌ), in generousness or nobleness [of origin, which, accord. to the S and O, and common usage, seems to be implied by the verb when used absolutely], (S, O, K,) and also in meanness or ignobleness [thereof; meaning he had a strain of, i. e. an inborn disposition to, generousness or nobleness, and also meanness or ignobleness]. (S, * O, * K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce طَابٌ, in art. طيب. And see also the last form of 1 (عَرُقَ) in the present art.] -A5- أَعْرَقَ also signifies He (a man, S, O) went, or came, (صَارَ, S, or أَتَى, K,) or journeyed, (سَارَ, O,) to El-'Irák: (S, O, K:) and ↓ اعترقوا They entered upon, or took their way in or into, the country of El-'Irák. (Th, TA.)

5 تَعَرَّقَ see 1, former half, in four places: -A2- and 2, former half: -A3- and 4, former half, in two places. -A4- تَعَرَّقْ فِى ظِلِّ نَاقَتِى Walk thou in the shade of my she-camel, and profit by it, little and little. (TA.) -A5- صَارَعَهُ فَتَعَرَّقَهُ He wrestled with him, and took his head beneath his armpit and threw him down. (K.)

8 اـِعْتَرَقَ see 1, first sentence: -A2- and 4, former half: -A3- and the same, last sentence. -A4- اعترق النَّاقَةَ He took the she-camel and tied the cord called زِمَام to her خِطَام [or halter, or the like ]. (TA.)

10 استعرق ذ He exposed himself to the heat in order that he might sweat: (IF, O, K:) he stood in a place on which the sun shone, and covered himself with his clothes [ for that purpose ]. (Z, TA.) -A2- See also 4, former half. -A3- استعرقت الاـِبِلُ The camels pastured near to the sea or a great river, i. e., in a place of pasture such as is termed عِرَاق: so says AZ: or, as AHn says, the camels came to a piece, or tract, of land, such as is termed عِرْق, i. e., one exuding water and producing salt and giving growth to trees. (TA.)

Q. Q. 1 عَرْقَيْتُ الدَّلْوَ ذ , inf. n. عَرْقَاةٌ, I bound, or tied, upon the leathern bucket the two cross-pieces of wood called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ. (S.)

عَرْقٌ ذ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرَاقٌ (K) [the latter also a pl.] A bone of which the flesh has been taken: (S, O:) or a bone of which the flesh has been eaten: (Msb, K:) or a bone of which most of the flesh has been taken, some thin and savoury portions of flesh remaining upon it: (TA:) or the former signifies a bone upon which is flesh: and one upon which is no flesh: or, as some say, whereof most of that which was upon it has been taken, some little remaining upon it: (Mgh:) or, as some say, a piece of flesh-meat; as also ↓ عَرْقَةٌ: (TA:) or عَرْقٌ signifies a bone with its flesh: and ↓ عُرَاقٌ, a bone of which the flesh has been eaten: (K:) thus they are correctly expl. accord. to Ez-Zejjájee; and the like is said by AZ respecting ↓ عُرَاقٌ: (TA:) but accord. to A'Obeyd, this signifies a piece of flesh-meat; and IAmb says that this is the right explanation, because the Arabs say أَكَلْتُ العُرَاقَ, and they do not say أَكَلْتُ العَظْمَ: (Har p.26:) [or, app., the flesh-meat of a bone: and likewise the portions, of trees, that are cropped by camels: (see عُرَامٌ:)] the pl. (of عَرْقٌ, S, Mgh, O) is ↓ عُرَاقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) which is extr, (IAth, K,) a pl. of a measure of which, as that of a pl., there are few instances, (ISk, S, O,) [see an ex. voce جَنَاحٌ,] and عِرَاقٌ, also, (IAar, K,) which is more agreeable with analogy. (IAar, TA.) ― -b2- Also A road which men travel [as though they pared it] so that it becomes plainly apparent: (K, * TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed]. (TA.) ― -b3- See also عَرَقٌ, near the end.

عِرْقٌ ذ A certain appertenance of a tree; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) the root thereof; or the part thereof that is beneath the ground; (MA;) or its branching roots [ collectively ]: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] عُرُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِرَاقٌ and [of pauc.] أَعْرَاقٌ. (K.) ― -b2- It is said in a trad., لَيْسَ لِعِرْقٍ ظَالِمٍ حَقٌّ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) i. e. لِذِى عِرْقٍ ظَالِمٍ, (Mgh, O, Msb,) meaning (tropical:) [ There is no right pertaining ] to him who plants, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or sows, (S,) in land, (Mgh, Msb,) or in land which another has brought into cultivation (S, O, Msb) after it has been waste, (S, O, Msb, *) wrongfully, in order that he may have a claim to that land: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) the epithet being tropically applied to the عِرْق, (Mgh, Msb,) as it properly applies to the owner thereof: (Mgh:) but some, in relating this trad., say لِعِرْقِ ظَالِمٍ, making the former noun to be a prefix to the latter, governing it in the gen. case. (O.) ― -b3- The roots of the أَرْطَى (عُرُوقُ الأَرْطَى) are long, red, penetrating into the moist earth, succulent, compact, and dripping with water: and to them, in a trad., certain camels are likened in respect of their redness and plumpness and the compactness of their flesh and fat. (TA.) ― -b4- العُرُوقُ also signifies A certain plant with which one dyes: (S, O:) or العُرُوقُ الصُّفْرُ, a certain plant used by the dyers, called in Pers. زَرْدَJُوبَة [or زَرْدٌ Jُوبْ], (K, TA,) i. e. yellow wood: (TA:) or i. q. الهُرْدُ: or المَامِيرَانُ, (K,) or المَامِيرَانُ الصِّينِىُّ: (TA:) or الكُرْكُمُ الصَّغِيرُ: (K:) all which are nearly alike. (TA. [See also بَقْلَةُ الخَطَاطِيفِ, voce بقل.]) ― -b5- And العُرُوقُ الحُمْرُ Madder, (الفُوَّةُ, K, TA,) with which one dyes. (TA.) ― -b6- And العُرُوقُ البِيضُ A certain plant that fattens women; also called المُسْتَعْجِلَةُ. (K.) ― -b7- [عُرُوقٌ seems sometimes to signify Straggling plants or stalks, spreading like roots: see جَنْبَةٌ. ― -b8- And it signifies also Sprouts from the roots of trees: see عُسْلُوجٌ.] ― -b9- And عِرْقٌ signifies also The root, origin, or source, of anything: (K, TA:) and the basis thereof. (TA.) [And particularly The origin of a man, considered as the root from which he springs: hence عِرْقُ الثَّرَى is said to be applied by Imra-el-Keys to Adam, as the root, or source, of mankind; or to Ishmael, as, accord. to some, the root, or source, of all the Arabs: (see “ Le Diwan d'Amro'lkais, ” p. 33 of the Ar. text, and p. 103 of the Notes:) and the pl.] أَعْرَاقٌ signifies the ancestors of a man. (Har p. 634.) [And A quality, or disposition, possessed by a parent or by an ancestor or by a collateral of such person, considered as the source of that quality of a disposition in a descendant or in a collateral of a descendant: and such a quality, or disposition, when transmitted; a strain; i. e. a radical, a hereditary, an inborn, or a natural, disposition: and a radical, or hereditary, share in some quality or the like: pl. أَعْرَاقٌ.] One says, تَدَارَكَهُ أَعْرَاقُ خَيْرٍ [ Good qualities or dispositions possessed by a parent or by an ancestor or by a collateral of such a person, or strains of a good kind, extended to him ]; and أَعْرَاقُ شَرٍّ or سَوْءٍ [ evil qualities or dispositions &c., or strains of an evil kind ]. (TA.) And العِرْقُ دَسَّاسٌ [ The natural disposition is wont to enter; i. e., to be transmitted to succeeding generations]. (TA in art. دس, q. v.) And عرقت فِيهِمْ عِرْقَ سَوْءٍ [i. e. عَرَّقَتْ, or, accord. to more common usage, أَعْرَقَتْ, meaning She implanted, or engendered, in them, or among them, an evil strain, or radical or hereditary disposition ]. (TA in art. ضرب.) And لَهُ عِرْقٌ فِى الكَرَمِ [ He has a radical, or hereditary, share in generousness or nobleness of origin ]: (S, O:) and in like manner one says of a person between whom and Adam is no living ancestor, لَهُ عِرْقٌ فِى المَوْتِ [ He has a radical, or heriditary, share in death ]; meaning that he will inevitably die. (O. [See also عَرِيقٌ.]) ― -b10- [Hence, app., A little, or modicum, or small quantity or admixture, of something]. One says, فِيهِ عِرْقٌ مِنْ حُمُوضَةٍ, and مُلُوحَةٍ, i. e. In it is a little, or a modicum, of acidity, and of saltness. (TA.) And فِى الشَّرَابِ عِرْقٌ مِنَ المَاآءِ In the wine is a small quantity [or admixture ] of water. (S, O, K.) ― -b11- Also A certain appertenance of the body; (O, Msb, K, TA;) i. e. the hollow [ canal ] in which is the blood; (TA;) [ a blood-vessel; a vein, and an artery: also any duct, or canal, in an animal body: and sometimes, though improperly, a nerve: or any one of the appertenances of the body that resemble roots: ] pl. [of mult.] عُرُوقٌ (O, Msb, K) and عِرَاقٌ (K) and [of pauc.] أَعْرَاقٌ. (Msb, K.) [Hence it may be applied to A spermatic duct: and hence, app.,] it is said in a trad., عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّوْمِ فَاـِنَّهُ مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلْعِرْقِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [ Keep ye to fasting, for it is ] a cause, or means, of stopping venereal intercourse: or an impediment to venery, and a cause of diminishing the seminal fluid, and of stopping venereal intercourse or passion. (T * and TA in art. حسم.) ― -b12- عُرُوقُ الأَرْضِ means The pores through which exudes the moisture of the earth. (TA.) ― -b13- And (i. e. عروق الارض) i. q. شَحْمَةُ الأَرْضِ [the significations of which see in art. شحم]. (TA.) -A2- عِرْقٌ also signifies The body. (K, TA.) Thus in the saying, اـِنَّهُ لَخَبِيثُ العِرْقِ [ Verily he is corrupt, or impure, in respect of the body ]. (TA.) ― -b2- And Milk. (K.) One says, نَاقَتُكَ دَائِمَةُ العِرْقِ, meaning Thy she-camel has a constant flow, or abundance, of milk: or has constant milk. (TA.) [See also عَرَقٌ, first quarter.] ― -b3- And Numerous offspring: (IAar, K:) or milk and offspring; as in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عِرْقَ اـِبِلِكَ وَغَنَمِكَ [ How abundant are the milk and offspring of thy camels and thy sheep or goats! ]. (TA.) [See, again, عَرَقٌ, first quarter.] -A3- Also Salt land that gives growth to nothing. (K.) ― [...]

عَرَقٌ ذ Sweat; i. e. the moisture, or fluid, that exudes (S, * O, * K, TA) from the skin of an animal; (K, TA;) or the water of the skin, that runs from the roots of the hair: a gen. n.; having no pl.; (TA;) or no pl. of it has been heard: (Msb:) Lth says, I have not heard a pl. of العَرَقُ; but if it be pluralized, it should be, accord. to analogy, أَعْرَاقٌ. (O, TA.) ― -b2- It is metaphorically used [in a similar sense] in relation to other things than animals. (K.) [Thus] it signifies The [ exuded ] moisture of a well: (K:) and in like manner of earth, or land, when the dew, or rain, has percolated in it (نَتَحَ فِيهَا) so that it has met the moisture thereof. (TA.) ― -b3- And The دِبْس [or honey ] of dates; (K;) because it flows, or exudes, from them. (TA.) ― -b4- And Milk; because it flows in the ducts (عُرُوق) [thereof] until it comes at the last to the udder: (K:) or milk at the time of bringing forth; as in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عَرَقَ غَنَمِكِ How abundant is the milk of thy sheep, or goats, at the time of their bringing forth! (AZ, O.) [See also عِرْقٌ, latter half.] ― -b5- And (K) The offspring of camels: (S, O, K:) so in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عَرَقَ اـِبِلِهِ [ How numerous are the offspring of his camels! ]. (S, O.) [See, again, عِرْقٌ, latter half.] ― -b6- And Advantage, profit, utility, or benefit: (O, K, TA; in [several of] the copies of the second of which, النَّقْعُ is erroneously put for النَّفْعُ: TA:) and a recompense, or reward: (K, TA; in some copies of the former of which, التُّرَابُ is erroneously put for الثَّوَابُ: TA:) or a little thereof; (K, TA;) likened to عَرَق [as meaning “ sweat ”]. (TA.) عَرَقُ الخِلَالِ means A thing that one gives, or yields, for friendship: (S, O, TA:) or a reward for friendship. (TA.) A poet says, namely El-Hárith Ibn-Zuheyr, describing a sword named النُّون, (O, TA,) belonging to Málik Ibn-Zuheyr, which Hamal Ibn-Bedr took from him on the day when he slew him, and which El-Hárith took from Hamal when he slew him, (TA,) وَيُخْبِرُهُمْ مَكَانَ النُّونِ مِنِّى وَمَا أُعْطِيتُهُ عَرَقَ الخِلَالِ [ And he shall tell them the place of En-Noon, from me, and that I was not given it as a reward for friendship ]; meaning, that I took this sword by force. (O, TA. [In the S, the former hemistich of this verse is given differently, and, as is said in the TA, erroneously.]) ― -b7- لَقِيتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ (which is a prov., TA) means [ I experienced from such a one ] hardship, as expl. by As, who says that he knew not the origin thereof, (S, O,) or difficulty, or distress, as expl. by IDrd: (O:) and it is said that the عَرَق [or sweat] is of the man, not of the قِرْبَة [or water-skin]; and the origin of the saying is, that water-skins (قِرَب) are [generally] carried only by female slaves that bear burdens, and by him who has no assistant; but sometimes a man of generous origin becomes poor, and in need of carrying them himself, and he sweats by reason of the trouble that comes upon him, and of shame; (S, O;) wherefore one says, تَجَشَّمْتُ لَكَ عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ [expl. in art. جشم], (S,) or جَشِمْتُ اـِلَيْكَ عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ [likewise expl. in art. جشم]: accord. to Ks, the meaning is, I have suffered fatigue, and imposed upon myself difficulty, for thee, [or in coming to thee, ] so that I have sweated like the sweating of the water-skin: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, I have imposed upon myself, in coming to thee, what no one has attained, and what will not be; because the قربة does not sweat: (O:) عَرَقُ القِرْبَةِ is a metonymical expression for hardship, and difficulty, or distress; because, when the قربة sweats, its odour becomes foul: or because it has no sweat; therefore it is as though one imposed upon himself an impossible thing: or it means the benefit of the قربة; (which is the flowing of its water, TA;) as though one imposed upon himself such a task that he became in need of the water of the قربة, i. e. of journeying to it; or it means a سَفِيفَة [or plaited suspensory ] which the carrier of the قربة puts over his chest [ when carrying the قربة on his back ]: (K:) accord. to IAar, it signifies the suspensory (مِعْلَاق) by means of which the قربة is carried; as also عَلَقُهَا; (O, TA;) the ر being substituted for ل: (TA: see art. ر:]) but he says also that عَرَقُ القِرْبَةِ means one's sweating with the قربة by reason of the difficulty, or trouble, of carrying it; and عَلَقُهَا, that by which it is tied, or bound, and then suspended: (L, TA:) the former is also said to signify the ↓ عِرَاق [q. v.] of the قربة, that is sewed around it: (TA:) or it means that one has imposed upon himself difficulty, or trouble, or fatigue, like that of the carrier of the قربة, who sweats beneath it by reason of its heaviness. (K.) ― -b8- عَرَقٌ also signifies A heat; i. e. a single run, or a run at once, to a goal, or limit. (S, O, K.) One says, جَرَى الفَرَسُ عَرَقًا or عَرَقَيْنِ The horse ran a heat or two heats. (S, O.) -A2- Also A row of horses, and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and the like; (S, Msb;) and any things disposed in a row; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَرَقَةٌ; (TA;) or this latter is the n. un. [app. signifying one of such as compose a row ]: (S:) pl. أَعْرَاقٌ and عَرَقَاتٌ. (Msb.) [See an ex. in a verse of Tufeyl cited in art. صدر, conj. 5; also cited in the present art. in the S and O.] ― -b2- And Any row of bricks, crude and baked, in a wall: one says, بَنَى البَانِى عَرَقًا وَعَرَقَيْنِ and وَعَرَقَتَيْنِ ↓ عَرَقَةً [ The builder built a row of bricks and two rows thereof ]: (K, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاقٌ. (TA.) ― -b3- And Roads in mountains; as also ↓ عَرْقَةٌ, (K, TA,) with fet-h and then sukoon. (TA.) ― -b4- And Foot-marks of camels following one another: (K, TA:) n. un. ↓ عَرَقَةٌ. (TA.) [See an ex. of the latter voce طَرَقٌ.] A poet says, وَقَدْ نَسَجْنَ بِالفَلَاةِ عَرَقَا [ And they had woven in the desert, or waterless desert, foot-marks in their following one another ]. (TA.) ― -b5- And A plait of palm-leaves (S, O, Msb, [...]

لَبَنٌ عَرِقٌ ذ Milk of which the flavour is corrupted by the sweat of the camel upon which it is borne; (S, O, K;) the skin containing it being bound upon him without any preservative between it and his side. (S, O.)

عُرَقٌ ذ : see عُرَقَةٌ.

عُرُقٌ ذ a pl. of عِرَاقٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, AZ, S, &c.) -A2- It is also expl. by IAar as meaning People of soundness in religion. (TA.)

عَرْقَةٌ ذ : see عَرْقٌ: -A2- and see also عَرَقٌ, last quarter.

عِرْقَةٌ ذ : see عِرْقَاةٌ, in four places.

عَرَقَةٌ ذ : see عَرَقٌ, last quarter, in three places. ― -b2- Also The piece of wood, or timber, that intervenes between the [or any ] two rows of bricks of a wall. (S, O, K, TA. [ساقَى, in this explanation in the CK, is a mistake for سَافَى, with ف.]) ― -b3- And The border (طُرَّة) that is woven in the sides of the [ tent called ] فُسْطَاط. (S, O.) See also عِرْقَاةٌ, last sentence. ― -b4- And The دِرَّة [or whip ], with which one beats, or flogs. (K.) ― -b5- And The plaited thong with which a captive is bound: pl. عَرَقَاتٌ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَرَقٌ: (K:) or عَرَقَاتٌ signifies [simply] plaited thongs (نُسُوع). (S, O.)

عُرَقَةٌ ذ , (S, O, K,) which is agreeable with general analogy, and ↓ عُرَقٌ, (K, TA,) which is not so, but which is used by some in the same sense as the former, (TA,) A man who sweats much, (S, O, K, TA.)

عَرْقٍ ذ , originally عَرْقُوٌ: see عَرْقُوَةٌ, of which it is a coll. gen. n.

[ عرقى ذ , said by Reiske to signify The inner and thin skin in the egg of an ostrich, is evidently a mistake for غِرْقِئٌ.]

عَرْقَاةٌ ذ : see عَرْقُوَةٌ: -A2- and the paragraph here following, in two places: -A3- and see also عُرَاقٌ.

عِرْقَاةٌ ذ (O, K) and ↓ عَرْقَاةٌ and ↓ عِرْقَةٌ (K) A root, race, stock, or source; syn. أَصْلٌ: (O, K:) or a source of wealth or property: or the main portion of the root of a tree. from which the عُرُوق [or minor roots ] branch off: (K:) or, as some say, عِرْقَاةٌ has this last meaning; or, as others say, ↓ عِرْقَةٌ. (Ltl., O.) They said, اِسْتَأْصَلَ ا@للّٰهُ ↓ عَرْقَاتَهُمْ and عِرْقَاتِهِمْ; if they pronounced the first letter with fet-h, they so pronounced the last letter [before the pronoun]; and if they pronounced the former with kesr, they thus pronounced the latter, regarding the word as pl. of ↓ عِرْقَةٌ: (K:) or, accord. to Lth, the Arabs are related to have said, اِسْتَأْصَلَ ا@للّٰهُ عِرْقَاتَهُمْ, meaning شَأْفَتَهُمْ [i. e. May God utterly destroy their race, stock, or family ], pronouncing the ت with nasb because regarding the word as [a sing.] like سِعْلَاةٌ; or holding it to be pl. of ↓ عِرْقَةٌ, but pronouncing the تَ thus like as they do in saying رَأَيْتُ بَنَاتَكَ: it is said, however, that this is a mistake; that only he should pronounce it thus who makes the word to be a sing. like سِعْلَاةٌ. (O.) [The saying is a prov., mentioned by Meyd, who adds another reading, namely, عَرَقَاتهم, holding this to be from ↓ العَرَقَةُ meaning “ the طُرَّة that is woven around the فُسْطَاط: ” and Freytag, in his Lexicon, adds also عَرِقاتَه, with nasb, as on the authority of Meyd; in whose “ Proverbs ” I do not find it.]

عَرْقَان ذ [accord. to general analogy without tenween and having for its fem. عَرْقَى, or accord. to the dial. of the Benoo-Asad with tenween and having for its fem. عَرْقَانَةٌ,] Sweating. (Msb.)

عَرْقُوَةُ الدَّلْوِ ذ is thus, (S, O, K,) with fet-h to the ع, (S, O,) like تَرْقُوَة, (K,) and should not be pronounced with damm to the first letter; (S, O, K;) and ↓ عَرْقَاتُهَا signifies the same; (K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, عَرَقَاتُها; but expressly stated in the TA to be with fet-h and then sukoon;]) i. e. The piece of wood that is put across the دلو [or leathern bucket, from one part of the brim to the opposite part ]: (TA:) the عَرْقُوَتَانِ being the two pieces of wood that are put athwart the دلو [ to keep it from collapsing and for the purpose of attaching thereto the well-rope ], like a cross: (As, S, O, K:) pl. عَرَاقٍ; (S, O, K;) and if you pluralize it by suppressing the ة [of the sing., or rather if you form from it a coll. gen. n.], you say ↓ عَرْقٍ, originally عَرْقُوٌ, (S, O, L,) then عَرْقِىٌ, and then عَرْقٍ. (L.) ― -b2- العَرْقُوَتَانِ also signifies The two pieces of wood that connect the وَاسِط [or fore part ] of the [ camel's saddle called ] رَحْل and the مُؤَخَّرَة [or kinder part thereof ]: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Lth, two pieces of wood which are upon the عَضُدَانِ [q. v.], on the two sides of the [ camel's saddle called ] قَتَب. (O.) ― -b3- ذَاتُ العَرَاقِى means (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K, TA:) for it is [properly] the دَلْو [or leathern bucket ]; and الدَّلْوُ is one of the names for calamity: one says, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ ذَاتَ العَرَاقِى [ I experienced from it, or him, calamity ]: (TA:) or, as some say, it is from what here follows. (S, O, TA.) ― -b4- عَرَاقِى الاـِكَامِ signifies Such [ eminences of the kind called اـِكَام (pl. of أَكَمَةٌ or of أَكَمٌ)] as are very rugged, not to be ascended unless with difficulty, or trouble: (S, O, TA:) or عَرْقُوَةٌ signifies any أَكَمَه extending upon the earth, [ in form ] as though it were the heap over a grave, (Lth, O, K,) elongated: (Lth, O:) an أَكَمَة that extends, not high, but overtopping what is around it, near to the ground or not near, and varying in different parts so that one place thereof is soft and another place thereof rugged; being only a level portion of the earth overtopping what is around it: (ISh, TA:) and العَرَاقِى is also said to signify continuous, or connected, اـِكَام, that have become as though they were one long جُرْف [or abrupt, water-worn bank or ridge ] upon the face of the earth. (TA.) ― -b5- العَرَاقِى signifies also The collar-bones (التَّرَاقِى), in the dial. of El-Yemen. (L, TA.)

عَرَقِيَّةٌ ذ , meaning A thing [i. e. a close-fitting cap, generally of cotton, to imbibe the sweat, ] which is worn beneath the turban and the [ cap called ] قَلَنْسُوَة, is a post-classical word. (TA.)

عُرَاقٌ ذ : see عَرْقٌ, in four places. ― -b2- Also, and ↓ عُرَاقَةٌ, i. q. نُطْفَةٌ (O, K) مِنَ المَاآءِ [app. meaning Clear water, whether much or little; or a little water remaining in a bucket or skin ]: (K:) or, accord. to the L, the former word is pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of the latter in this sense: (TA:) and ↓ عَرْقَاةٌ signifies the same. (K.) ― -b3- And A copious rain: (K:) or so ↓ عُرَاقَةٌ [only]. (TA.) ― -b4- And عُرَاقُ الغَيْثِ The herbage that has come forth after the rain. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K.)

عِرَاقٌ ذ The double suture that is in the lower part of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة and رَاوِيَة; (Lth, O, K;) and this is of the firmest kinds of suture therein: (Lth, O:) or the suture that is in the middle of the قِرْبَة [or water-skin]: (TA:) or the piece [or strip ] of skin that is put upon the place where the two extremities, or edges, of the [ main ] skin meet when it is sewed in, or upon, the lower part of the مزادة: (K:) or the appertenance of the قربة, and of the مزادة, &c., which is [ a strip of skin ] doubled and then sewed [ thereon thus ] doubled: (Msb:) or, accord. to AZ, the [ piece of ] skin that is doubled, and then sewed upon the lower part of the [water-skin or milk-skin called] سِقَاآء: (S:) and, (K,) accord. to As, (S, O,) i. q. طِبَابَةٌ; (S, O, K;) i. e. the piece of skin with which the punctures of the seams are covered: (S, O: see also عَرَقٌ, latter half: [and see طِبَابَةٌ:]) pl. عُرُقٌ (Lth, AZ, S, O, K, TA) and عُرْقٌ (TA) and أَعْرِقَةٌ; (Lth, O, TA;) the last a pl. of pauc. (Lth, O.) And عِرَاقُ السُّفْرَةِ signifies The suture surrounding the [ round piece of skin called ] سُفْرَة [q. v.]. (K.) ― -b2- Also Nearness, together, of the stitch-holes in a skin or hide: [so I render تَقَارُبُ الخرزِ; reading الخُرَزِ: and it seems to mean also uniformity thereof: for it is added,] hence the prov., لِأَمْرِهِ عِرَاقٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) His affair is uniform, right, or rightly disposed. (TA.) ― -b3- Also The side, or shore, (Lth, O, K,) of water, (K,) or of a sea, or great river, along the whole length thereof. (Lth, O, K. * [It is said in the K that عُرُقٌ is pl. of عِرَاقٌ in this sense: but afterwards, that the pl. of the latter in all its senses is أَعْرِقَةٌ also; to which the TA adds عُرْقٌ.]) And accord. to AZ, Any pasturage adjacent to a great river or a sea. (TA.) And عِرَاقُ النَّهْرِ, (K,) or الرَّكِيبِ, (TA,) The border of the rivulet [ for irrigation ] (K, TA) by which the water enters a حَائِط [i. e. garden, or garden of palm-trees surrounded by a wall ], (TA,) from its nearest to its furthest extremity. (K, TA.) ― -b4- Also The قُطْر [app. meaning side (but see this word)] of a mountain, by itself; [or so, perhaps, عِرَاقُ جَبَلٍ;] and so ↓ عِرْقٌ [or عِرْقُ جَبَلٍ]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) ― -b5- And, as also ↓ عِرْقٌ, Remains of the [ plants, or trees, called ] حَمْض. (K.) ― -b6- عِرَاقُ الدَّارِ The court, or yard, in front, or extending from the sides, of the house. (IB, K.) ― -b7- عِرَاقُ الأُذُنِ The circuit, or surrounding edge, of the ear. (K.) ― -b8- عِرَاقُ الظُّفُرِ The flesh surrounding the nail. (K, * TA.) ― -b9- عِرَاقُ الحَشَا The intestines that are above the navel, lying breadthwise, or across, in the belly. (K.) ― -b10- And عِرَاقٌ signifies also The inside of feathers. (AA, K.) ― -b11- The عِرَاقَانِ of the horse's saddle are The two edges of the دَفَّتَانِ, at the fore part of the saddle and its hinder part. (IDrd, TA voce قَرَبُوسٌ, q. v.) -A2- [Also A pace, or rate of going. ] One says in relation to a horse, on the occasion of drawing forth the sweat, and of careful tending, and fattening, اِحْمِلْهُ عَلَى العِرَاقِ الأَعْلَى وَالعِرَاقِ الأَسْفَلِ, meaning [ Urge, or make, thou him to go ] the vehement pace and the inferior pace. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) -A3- العِرَاقُ is the name of A certain country, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (Msb, K,) extending from 'Abbádán to El-Mow- sil in length and from El-Kádiseeyeh to Hulwán in breadth; (K;) masc. and fem.: (S, O, Msb, K:) said to be so named because upon the عِرَاق, i. e. “ side, ” or “ shore, ” of the Tigris and Euphrates: (O, * K: [in which, and in other works, several other supposed derivations are mentioned, but such as I think too fanciful to deserve notice:]) accord. to some, it is arabicized, (S, O, Msb, K,) from a Pers. appellation, (S, O,) i. e. from اـِيرَان شَهْر, (As, O, * K, TA,) of which the meaning is [said to be] “ having many palmtrees and [other] trees; ” (K;) but [SM justly says,] in my opinion the meaning requires consideration. (TA.) ― -b2- العِرَاقَانِ is an appellation of El-Basrah and El-Koofeh. (S, O, K.)

عَرِيقٌ ذ , (S, O, K,) applied to a man and to a horse, means [ Rooted, i. e.] having a radical, or hereditary, share, (لَهُ عِرْق, S, O,) in generousness or nobleness [of origin, which, accord. to the S and O, and common usage, seems to be implied by the epithet when used absolutely], (S, O, K,) and also in meanness or ignobleness [thereof; or having a strain of, i. e. an inborn disposition to, generousness or nobleness, and also meanness or ignobleness]. (S, * O, * K.) And you say also فِى الكَرَمِ ↓ فُلَانٌ مُعْرَقٌ and فِى اللُّؤْمِ [ Such a one is rooted, &c., in generousness or nobleness and in meanness or ignobleness ]; and لَهُ فِى ↓ اـِنَّهُ لَمُعْرَقٌ الكَرَمِ; (S, O;) and لَهُ فِى الكَرَمِ ↓ اـِنَّهُ لَمَعْرُوقٌ, [the part. n. being formed] on the supposition of the suppression of the augmentative letter [in its verb, which is أُعْرِقَ]: (TA:) and in like manner, (S, O, TA,) in a trad., (O, TA,) a man of whom there is no living ancestor between him and Adam is said to be لَهُ فِى المَوْتِ ↓ مُعْرَقٌ (S, O, TA) i. e. Made to have a radical, or hereditary, share (عِرْقٌ) in death; (O, TA;) meaning that he will inevitably die. (S, O, TA.) [In the Ham p. 438, ↓ مُعْرِقٌ is expl. as syn. with عَرِيقٌ: but in the verse to which this explanation relates it is evidently employed in the sense of the act. part. n. of أَعْرَقَ as used in the phrase أَعْرَقَ فِيهِ أَعْمَامُهُ وَأَخْوَالُهُ, q. v.] ― -b2- غُلَامٌ عَرِيقٌ means [ A boy, or young man, ] slender, or spare, and light of spirit. (TA.)

عُرَافَةٌ ذ : see عُرَاقٌ, in two places.

عِرَاقِىٌّ ذ Of, or belonging to, the country called العِرَاق. (Msb.) ― -b2- اـِبِلٌ عِرَاقِيَّةٌ means Camels that pasture upon what are termed عِرَاق, i. e. remains of the [ plants, or trees, called ] حَمْض: (K, * TA:) or, app., accord. to Az, camels of, or belonging to, العِرَاق as meaning the waters of Benoo-Saad-Ibn-Málik and Benoo-Mázin: or, as some say, of, or belonging to, the عِرَاق as meaning the side, or shore, of water: and it is also said that the epithet in this phrase is a rel. n. from العرق [thus in my original, without any syll. sign and without explanation]. (TA.)

عَرَّاقَةٌ ذ , with teshdeed [to the ر], A thing [app. a cloth for imbibing the sweat ] that is put beneath the تكلة [app. meaning pad ] of the سَرْج [or horse's saddle ] and the بَرْذَعَة [q. v.]. (TA. [The word تكلة, which I have not found anywhere except in this instance, I can only suppose to be an arabicized word from the Pers. or Turkish تَGَلْتُو, which is commonly pronounced by the Turks تَكَلْتِى, with ك and ى, and which means a pad, or a piece of felt, put beneath the saddle to prevent its galling the beast's back. ])

عَارِقٌ ذ [act. part. n. of عَرَقَ]. A poet says, أَكُفُّ لِسَانِى عَنْ صَدِيقِى فَاـِنْ أُجَأْ اـِلَيْهِ فَاـِنِّى عَارِقٌ كُلَّ مَعْرَقِ [ I restrain my tongue from my friend; but if I be compelled to have recourse to him in a case of need, I am one who gnaws to the utmost: مَعْرَق being here an inf. n.]. (S, O: mentioned in both immediately after the explanation of عَرَقْتُ العَظْمَ.) ― -b2- And [the pl.] العَوَارِقُ signifies The أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth, or lateral teeth, &c.]: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) ― -b3- And The سِنُون [i. e. years, or droughts, or years of drought ]; so called لأَنَّهَا تَعْرُقُ الاـِنْسَانَ, (K, TA, in some copies of the K الأَسْنَانَ,) i. e. because they take from the man [his flesh, or render him lean]. (TA.)

أَعْرَقُ لَيْلَةٍ فِى السَّنَةِ ذ , The night, in the year, most abundant in milk. (O.) -A2- [أَعْرَقُ is also a comparative and superlative epithet signifying More, and most, rooted in a quality or faculty: regularly formed from عَرُقَ, or irregularly from أُعْرِقَ: but perhaps post-classical. (See De Sacy's “ Anthol. Gram. Arabe, ” p. 183, lines 1 and 3, of the Ar. text; and p. 441 of the Notes, in which he has expressed his opinion that it signifies “ qui a jeté de plus profondes racines. ”)]

مَعْرَقٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1 in the sense first expl. in this art. (S, O, K.) -A2- [And a noun of place, signifying A place of sweat or of sweating of an animal; such as the armpit and the groin: pl. مَعَارِقُ. ― -b2- Hence,] مَعَارِقُ الرَّمْلِ i. q. اآبَاطُهُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The places where the main body of the sand ends, and where it is thin, not deep ]: likened to the مَعَارِق of the animal. (TA.) ― -b3- And معرق [thus in my original; perhaps مَعْرَقٌ, as denoting “ a place of sweat, ” like مَمْطَرٌ from المَطَرُ; or ↓ مِعْرَقٌ, as being likened to a utensil, like مِمْطَرٌ, and as being in form agreeable with many words denoting articles of dress;] signifies An innermost garment for imbibing the sweat, lest it should reach to the garments of pride [i. e. the outer garments ]. (TA.)

مُعْرَقٌ ذ Wine (شَرَاب) having a little water put into it; (S, K;) and so ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ, (S, O, K,) applied to طِلَاآء [which likewise signifies wine, or thick wine, &c.]; (S, O;) and ↓ مَعْرُوقٌ, (K,) of which last no verb has been mentioned: (TA:) or مُعْرَقَةٌ signifies wine (خَمْر) pure, or unmixed: or having a little mixture [ of water ]. (Ham p. 561.) -A2- See also عَرِيقٌ, in three places.

مُعْرِقٌ ذ : see عَرِيقٌ. -A2- [Accord. to Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, it signifies Rain that appears to the people of El-Yemen from the region of El-'Irák. ] -A3- تَرَكْتَ الحَقَّ مُعْرِقًا means Thou hast left the truth apparent, or manifest, between us. (TA.)

مِعْرَقٌ ذ An iron implement, or a knife, or broad knife, or broad blade, with which one pares a bone with some flesh upon it, removing the flesh. (TA.) -A2- See also مَعْرَقٌ.

مُعَرَّقٌ ذ : see مَعْرُوقٌ, in four places: -A2- and see مُعْرَقٌ.

مَعْرُوقٌ ذ A bone of which the flesh has been [ eaten or] thrown from it. (TA.) ― -b2- And A man having little flesh; (K;) and so مَعْرُوقُ العِظَامِ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ مُعْتَرَقٌ, (S, O, TA, [and probably in correct copies of the K, but in my MS. copy of it and in the CK ↓ مُعْتَرِقٌ, which does not accord. with any of the explanations of its verb,]) and العِظَامِ ↓ مُعْتَرَقُ; (TA;) and ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ, and مُعَرَّقُ العِظَامِ. (K.) And A horse having no flesh upon his قَصَب [meaning bones of the legs ]; as also ↓ مُعْتَرَقٌ. (TA.) And مَعْرُوقُ الخَدَّيْنِ, applied to a horse, in which the quality denoted thereby is approved, Having no flesh in the cheeks: (TA:) and الخَدَّيْنِ ↓ مُعَرَّقُ a man having little flesh in the cheeks: (S, O:) and القَدَمَيْنِ ↓ مُعَرَّقُ, (K and TA in art. نهس,) and الكَعْبَيْنِ, a man having little flesh upon the feet, and upon the ankle-bones: (TA in that art.:) and ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ applied to a horse signifies مُضَمَّرٌ [i. e. rendered lean, or light of flesh, probably by being made to sweat, agreeably with an explanation of the latter epithet, and thus radically differing from مَعْرُوقٌ and مُعْتَرَقٌ]. (TA.) -A2- See also مُعْرَقٌ. -A3- And see عَرِيقٌ.

مُعْتَرَقٌ ذ and مُعْتَرِقٌ: see مَعْرُوقٌ; the former in two places.

Q. 1 عَرْقَبَ الدَّابَّةَ ذ He hocked, houghed, hamstrung, or cut the hock-tendon of, the beast. (S, A, O, K, *) ― -b2- And عَرْقَبَهُ He raised his hocks, (namely, a camel's, O,) in order that he might stand up: (O, K:) he assisted him (i. e. a camel) to stand up, by raising [ his hocks ]. (TA.) Thus the verb has two contr. meanings. (K.) ― -b3- And عَرْقَبَ (assumed tropical:) He practised artifice, craft, or cunning. (O, K.) One says, اـِذَا أَعْيَاكَ غَرِيمُكَ فَعَرْقِبْ (assumed tropical:) [ When thy debtor wearies thee, ] practise artifice, &c. (AA, O, TA.)

Q. 2 تَعَرْقَبَ ذ He mounted a beast from behind. (O, TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) He took his course along the narrow roads, or ways, of the mountain, which are called عَرَاقِيب. (S, O, K.) ― -b3- And تعرقب لِخَصْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He pursued a way hidden from his adversary: said when one adopts another and easier course of speech. (TA.) ― -b4- And تعرقب عَنِ الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) He turned away, or declined, from the affair. (K.) ― -b5- اـِذَا مَطَلَ تَعَقْرَبَ وَاـِذَا وَعَدَ تَعَرْقَبَ (assumed tropical:) [ When he puts off the fulfilment of his promise, he acts like 'Akrab (a man notorious for putting off the fulfilment of his promises); and when he promises, he acts like 'Orkoob ] (A, TA) is a prov. (TA. [See the following paragraph, last sentence but one.])

عُرْقُوبٌ ذ [The tendo Achillis, or heel-tendon; ] a certain tense, (T, A, Mgh, Msb,) or thick, (K,) or thick and tense, (S, O,) tendon, (T, S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) behind the two ankle-bones, (T, A, Mgh, Msb,) above the heel; (S, O, K;) the thing that conjoins the shank and the foot; (As, TA;) in a human being: (S, O, K:) pl. عَرَاقِيبُ. (TA, &c.) The saying of the Prophet, وَيْلٌ لِلْعَرَاقِيبِ مِنَ النَّارِ [ Woe to the heel-tendons from the fire of Hell] means, to him who neglects the washing of them (Mgh, Msb) in the [ablution termed] وُضُوْء. (Msb.) ― -b2- [In a beast, it is in some instances applied to The hock, or hough; i. e.] the عُرْقُوب of a beast is that which, in its hind leg, corresponds to the رَكْبَة [or knee ] in its fore leg: (S, O, K:) [in other instances, it is applied to the tendon of the hock, or hough; i. e., to the hamstring; for, as] As says, in every quadruped, the عُرْقُوبَانِ are in the hind legs, and the رُكْبَتَانِ in the fore legs; (S, O, TA;) and the عُرْقُوب of the horse is the tendon that conjoins the part wherein meet the وَظِيف [here meaning the metatarsus ] and the سَاق [here meaning the tibia ]: (TA: [he says “ of the horse, ” instead of using a more comprehensive term, app. because he is describing that animal:]) it is, in a quadruped, the tendon that [ corresponds to that which in a human being ] is behind the two ankle-bones, between the joint of the foot and the shank: in a human being it is a little above the heel. (TA, from an explanation of a trad. [This last explanation evidently employs terms according to their applications in the comparative anatomy of quadrupeds and human beings, and therefore requires the words which I have supplied. That عُرْقُوبٌ, in relation to a beast, signifies the hocktendon is well known: and that it also signifies the hock itself is shown by a usage of the verb عَرْقَبَ (for it is by raising the hocks that a man assists a camel to stand up), and by an explanation voce رُكْبَةٌ.]) شَرٌّ مَا أَجَاآءَكَ اـِلَى مُخَّةِ عُرْقُوبٍ [ It is an evil thing that has compelled thee to have recourse to the marrow of a hock ] (K, TA) is a prov. (TA) applied to him who seeks to obtain a thing from a mean, or sordid, person; (K, TA;) for the عرقوب has no marrow. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ يَضْرِبُ العَرَاقِيبَ ويَقْرَعُ الظَّنَابِيبَ [ Such a one smites the hock-tendons of camels to slaughter them, and strikes the shins of camels to make them lie down that he may mount them in haste]; meaning that he entertains guests and gives aid, or succour. (A.) ― -b3- عُرْقُوبُ الأَسَدِ is a name of The Thirteenth Mansion of the Moon. (Kzw: see العَوَّاآءُ, in art. عو.) ― -b4- طَيْرُ عُرْقُوبٍ is an appellation given to Any bird from which one augurs evil to camels, because it wounds them in the hocks or hock-tendons (يُعَرْقِبُهَا). (Meyd, TA.) The Arabs say that when the bird called أَخْيَل [q. v.] lights upon a camel, its hocks, or hock-tendons, will assuredly be laid bare: and accord. to the [O and] K, طَيْرُ العَرَاقِيبِ is an appellation of The [ bird called ] شِقِرَّاق [which is said in the S &c. to be the same as the أَخْيَل]; and [Sgh and SM add that] they regard it as of evil omen. (TA.) ― -b5- عُرْقُوبُ القَطَا means The سَاق [or shank ] of the قطا [or sand-grouse ]. (S, O, K.) To this a thing is hyperbolically likened to denote its shortness: one says يَوْمٌ أَقْصَرُ مِنْ عُرْقُوبِ القَطَا [ A day shorter than the shank of the katà ]: (L, TA:) and a poet says, (S, &c.,) namely, El-Find Ez-Zimmánee, (O, L, TA,) or, accord. to Seer, Imra-el- Keys Ibn-'Ábis, (IB, L, TA,) وَنَبْلِى وَفُقَاهَا كَعَرَاقِيبِ قَطًا طُحْلِ [ And my arrows, with their notches, like the shanks of ash-coloured sand-grouse ]. (S, O, L, TA.) ― -b6- عُرْقُوبٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A turning, or bending, part of a valley: (K:) or a part of a valley in which is a great turning or bending. (S, O.) And A road in a mountain: (K:) or a narrow road in a mountain: or a road in a deep valley, in which only one can walk. (TA.) And [the pl.] عَرَاقِيبُ, (tropical:) The prominences, or projecting parts, of mountains: (O, K, TA:) and the most distant, or far-extending, roads, or ways, thereof: (Aboo-Kheyreh, O, TA:) for [in travelling mountains,] you follow the most easy way, wherever it be: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) or the narrow roads or ways, in the hard and elevated parts, of moun- tains. (S, O, K.) And [hence, app.,] عَرَاقِيبُ الأُمُورِ (assumed tropical:) Great and difficult affairs: (S, O, K:) as also عَرَاقِيلُهَا. (S, O.) ― -b7- And A mountain always crowned with clouds, not rained upon. (TA.) ― -b8- Also (assumed tropical:) Artifice, craft, or cunning; or a stratagem, or trick. (O, K. [See Q. 1, last signification.]) ― -b9- And (assumed tropical:) Knowledge (عِرْفَان) of an argument, a plea, an allegation, or a proof. (O, K.) -A2- Also the name of a certain man of the Amalekites, (S, O, K, TA,) or, (so says Ibn-El-Kelbee, O,) of the Benoo-Abd-Shems-Ibn-Saad, (Jm, O, TA,) but this is said to be of no authority, (O,) or of El-Ows, (Jm, TA,) the greatest liar of his time, (K,) proverbial for breach of promises: (S, O:) El-Ashja'ee (whose name was Jubeyhà, O, K) says, وَعَدْتَ وَكَانَ الخُلْفُ مِنْكَ سَجِيَّةً مَوَاعِيدَ عُرْقُوبٍ أَخَاهُ بِيَتْرَبِ (S, O, K, TA) i. e. (tropical:) Thou promisedst, but breach of promise was an inherent quality of thee, like the promises of 'Orkoob to his brother in Yetreb; which is in El-Yemámeh; or, as some relate it, بِيَثْرِب, i. e. El-Medeeneh, or, as some say, the land of the Benoo-Saad; but the former is the more correct. (TA. [See also Har p. 160.]) And one says, هُوَ أَكْذَبُ مِنْ عُرْقُوبِ يَتْرَبَ (tropical:) [ He is more mendacious than 'Orkoob of Yetreb ]. (A, TA.)