Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

اِسْمٌ أسام أسم أسمى اسم سام سم سما سمى وسم ٱسم : see art. سمو.

أُسَامَةُ ذ , determinate, (S, M, K,) and imperfectly decl., (M, Msb,) as a proper name, (Msb, K,) The lion; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also الأُسَامَةُ. (Sgh, K.)

1 أَسَنَ ذ , aor. اَسُنَ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and اَسِنَ , (S, M, K,) inf. n. أُسُونٌ (S, M, Msb) and أَسْنٌ; (M;) and أَسِنَ, aor. اَسَنَ , (S, M, &c.,) inf. n. أَسَنٌ; (S, M, Msb;) said of water, i. q. أَجَنَ and أَجِنَ; (S, K;) [i. e.] It became altered for the worse (M, Mgh, Msb) in odour, (M,) [or in taste and colour, from some such cause as long standing, (see أَجَنَ,)] but was drinkable; (M;) or so as not to be drunk, (Msb, TA,) thus differing from أَجَنَ and أَجِنَ. (TA.) [See also أَصِلَ.]

أَسِنٌ ذ : see what follows.

اآسِنٌ اآسن (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أَسِنٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) applied to water, (S, Mgh, &c.,) i. q. اآجِنٌ [and أَجِنٌ]; (S, K;) [i. e.] Altered for the worse (Mgh, Msb) in odour, (Mgh,) [or in taste and colour, from some such cause as long standing but drinkable; (see above, and see اآجِنٌ;)] or so as not to be drunk, (Msb, TA,) thus differing from اآجِنٌ and أَجِنٌ: (TA:) pl. [of the former] اآسَانٌ [like as أَطْهَارٌ is pl. of طَاهِرٌ, or perhaps it may have for its sing. أَسْنٌ, like أَجْنٌ]. (M, TA.) مَنْ مَاآءٍ غَيْرِ اآسِنٍ, in the Kur [xlvii. 16], is explained by Fr as meaning Of water not altered for the worse; not اآجِن. (TA.)

1 أَسَا الجُرْحَ ذ , (aor. يَأْسُو S,) inf. n. أَسْوٌ and أَسًا, [but in the S, the latter seems to be mentioned as a simple subst.,] He dressed the wound; treated it curatively, or surgically. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] هٰذَ أَمْرٌ لَا يُؤْسَى كَلْمُهُ (assumed tropical:) [ This is an affair of which the evil (lit. the wound ) will not be remedied ]. (S.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] أَسَا بَيْنَهُمْ, (first pers. أَسَوْتُ, S, Msb, inf. n. أَسْوٌ, S, M,) (tropical:) He made peace, effected a reconciliation, or adjusted a difference, between them; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also بينهم ↓ أسّى. (El-Muärrij, TA.) -A2- أَسِيَ aor. يَأْسَي, inf. n. أَسًا or أَسًي, He grieved, or mourned, (S, M, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ [ for him, or it ], (M, K,) and عَلَى مُصِيبَةٍ [ for an affliction ], and لِفُلَانٍ [ for such a one ]. (S.) [This belongs to the present art. and to art. اسى; but is distinguished in the M and K by being mentioned only in the latter art.; though the inf. n. is mentioned in the K in both arts.] Hence the saying, الاـِسَاآءُ يَدْفَعُ الأَسَا [ Medicine dispels grief, or mourning ] (TA.)

2 أسّى بَيْنَهُمْ ذ : see 1. -A2- أسّاهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَأْسِيَةٌ, (S, K,) i. q. عَزَّاهُ [ He exhorted him, or enjoined him, to be patient; to take patience; or to take example by, or console himself by the example of, him who had suffered the like affliction ]; (S, M, K, TA;) saying to him, Wherefore dost thou grieve, or mourn, when such a one is thine example (اـِسْوَتُكَ) ? i. e. what has befallen thee befell him, and he was patient; therefore take thou example by him and so be consoled (تَأَسِّ بِهِ). (TA.) You say, أسّاهُ بِمُصِيبَةٍ i. e. عَزَّاهُ [ He exhorted him, or enjoined him, to be patient, &c., by mentioning an affliction that had befallen another; unless بمصيتة be a mistranscription for لِمُصِيبَةٍ on account of an affliction ]; as also ↓ اآساهُ, with medd. (TA.)

3 اآسِيْتُهُ بِمَالِى اآسيته بمالى اآسيته بمالي , (S, Mgh,) inf. n. مُؤَاسَاةٌ, (S, M, K,) I made him my object of imitation (اـِسْوَتِى), [meaning I made myself like him, ] in respect of my property: (S:) or I made him an object of imitation [ with, or in respect of, my property ], I imitating his example, and he imitating my example: (Mgh:) and وَاسَيْتُهُ is a dial. var., but of weak authority: (S, Mgh:) and اآسَانِى [alone] he made me an object of imitation to him by giving me of his property [ and thus reducing himself to my condition in some degree while in the same degree raising me to his ]; (Ham p. 696;) and أُوَاسِيهِ [thus without a second ء] I make him the object of my own imitation and so share with him my property: (Id p. 198:) or اآساهُ بِمَالِهِ signifies he gave him of his property, and made him an object of imitation in respect of it: or only, of food sufficient for his want; not of what is superabundant: (M, K:) whence the saying, رَحِمَ ا@للّٰهُ رَجُلًا أَعْطَى مِنْ فَضْلٍ وَوَاسَى مِنْ كَفَافٍ [ May God have mercy on a man who has given of superabundance, and imparted of food only sufficient for his want so as to make himself equal with him to whom he imparts of such food ]: (TA:) [and اآساهُ signifies he shared with him: and he was, or became, equal with him: for] المُوَاسَاةُ occurs often in trads., signifying the sharing with another, or making another to share with one, in the means of subsistence [ &c. ]; and is originally [المُؤَاسَاةُ,] with ء: also, the being, or becoming, equal with another: (TA:) and you say, اآسَيْتُهُ بِنَفْسِي, meaning I made him equal with myself; in the dial. of El-Yemen وَاسَيْتُهُ. (Msb.) اآسِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِى وَجْهِكَ, in a letter of 'Omar, means Make thou the people to share [ alike ], one with another, in thy consideration and regard: or, as some say, make thou them equal [ in respect thereof ]. (Mgh.) The saying مَا يُؤَاسِي فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا is explained in three different ways: accord. to El-Mufaddal Ibn-Mohammad, it means Such a one does not make such a one to share with him: accord. to El-Muärraj, does not good to such a one; from the saying of the Arabs, اآسِ فُلَانًا بِخَيْرٍ Do thou good to such a one: or, as some say, does not give such a one any compensation for his love, or affection, nor for his relationship; from الأَوْسُ, meaning العَوْضُ; being originally يُؤَاوِسُهُ, then يُؤَاسِوُهُ, and then يُؤَاسِيهِ: or it may be from أَسَوْتُ الجُرْحَ. (IDrd, TA.) [See also an ex. voce أَثَرَةٌ].

4 اآساهُ اآساه اآساة : see 2.

5 تأسّى ذ : see 8. ― -b2- I. q. تَعَزَّى [ He took patience; or constrained himself to be patient; or he took example by, or became consoled by the example of, another who had suffered in like manner and had been patient ]. (S, M, K.) You say, تأسّى بِهِ, i. e. تَعَزَّى بِهِ [ He took patience, or constrained himself to be patient, by reflecting upon him, or it; or he took example by him, or became consoled by his example, meaning the example of a person who had suffered in like manner and had been patient]. (S.) [See 2.]

6 تَاآسَوْا تاآسوا signifies اآسَى بَعْضُهُمْ بعْضًا [ They imitated one another with their property, one giving of his property to another, so that they thus equalised themselves; they imitated one another and so shared together their property; they shared, one with another, in the means of subsistence, &c.; they were, or became, equal, one with another: see 3]. (S, K.) A poet says, وَاـِنَّ الأُولَى بِالطَّفِّ مِنْ اآل هَاشِمٍ تَاآسَوْا فَسَنُّوا لِلْكِرَامِ التَّاآسِيَا (S,) in which تاآسوا is from المُؤَاسَاةُ; not from التَّأَسِّي, as it is stated to be by Mbr, who says that تاآسوا means تَوَاسَوْاا and تَعَزَّوْا. (IB, TA.) [This verse cited and translated in art. الى, voce أُلَى, q. v.]

8 ائتسى بِهِ ذ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَسَى] He imitated him; followed his example; did as he did, following his example, or taking him as an example, an exemplar, a pattern, or an object of imitation; he took example by him; (S, Mgh, Msb, TA;) as also بِهِ ↓ تأسّى: (Msb, TA:) he made him an object of imitation (اـِسْوَة) [ to himself ]. (M, K.) One says لَا تَأْتَسِ بِمَنْ, لَيْسَ لَكَ بِاـِسْوَةٍ Do not thou imitate him who is not for thee a [ fit ] object of imitation. (S, M. *)

Q. Q. 1 أَسْوَيْتُهُ بِهِ ذ [ I made him to imitate him, to follow his example, or to take example by him; ] I made him an example, an exemplar, a pattern, or an object of imitation, to him: (M, K:) from IAar: and if from الاـِسْوَةُ, as he asserts it be, the measure of this verb is فَعْلَيْتُ, like دَرْبَيْتُ and جَعْبَيْتُ. (M.)

أَسًا ذ or أَسًى Curative, or surgical, treatment. (S.) [See the verb أَسَا.] -A2- Grief, or mourning. (S, K.) [See the verb أَسِىَ.]

أَسٍ ذ : see أَسْوَانُ.

أُسًي ذ Patience. (S.) -A2- Also pl. of أُسْوَةٌ, like as اـِسًي is pl. of اـِسْوَةٌ. (S * K, * TA.)

أَسْوَةٌ ذ : see what next follows.

أُسْوَةٌ ذ : see what next follows.

اـِسْوَةٌ أسا أسى أسوه أسوة اـسوة اسوه اسوة سوى سوي آسى آسوه آسي and ↓ أُسْوَةٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓, أَسْوَةٌ, mentioned by Er-Rághib in one of his works, (MF,) An example; an exemplar; a pattern; an object of imitation; a person by whom one takes example; syn. قُدْوَةٌ or قِدْوَةٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) each a subst. from اِيتَسَى بِهِ; (Mgh;) i. e. مَا يُؤْتَسَى بِهِ: (TA:) explained by Er-Rághib as meaning the condition in which is a man in respect of another's imitating [ him ], whether good or bad, pleasing or hurtful: (TA:) also a thing [or person ] by which one who is in grief, or mourning, takes example, (S, K,) for the being consoled (لِلتَّعَزِّى) thereby: (S:) pl. اـِسًى and أُسًى; (S, K;) the former of the first sing., and the latter of the second. (TA.) The first of these meanings is intended in the saying, لِى فِي فُلَانٍ اـِسْوَةٌ and أُسْوَةٌ [ I have in such a one an example, &c.]. (S.) The saying, مَا سَوِى التُّرَابِ مِنَ الأَرْضِ اـِسْوَةُ التُّرَابِ is tropical, meaning (tropical:) There is nothing but the dust of the earth, or ground, that follows the dust. (Mgh.) ― -b2- Also an inf. n., [or rather a quasi-inf. n.,] syn. with اِيتِسَاآءٌ [inf. n. of 8]. (TA.)

أَسْوَانُ ذ Grieving, mourning, or sorrowful; (M, K;) as also أَسْيَانُ and ↓ أَسٍ, (M in art. اسى,) or ↓ اآسٍ (K in art. اسى [to which alone the first of these three belongs, but the second and third may be regarded as belonging either to that art. or to the present,]) or ↓ أَسِىٌّ (Msb.) [See art. اسى] It is [sometimes] followed by أَتْوَانُ [as an imitative sequent corroborating its meaning]. (M.)

اـِسَاآءٌ اساآء and ↓ أَسُوٌّ A medicine, or remedy; (S, M, K;) the latter, (S,) or each, (TA,) particularly a vulnerary: (S, TA:) pl. [of each, as is indicated in the TA,] اآسِيَةٌ. (M, K.) ― -b2- The former is also a pl. of اآسٍ. (S, M, K.)

أَسُوٌّ ذ : see what next precedes.

أَسِىٌّ ذ i. q. ↓ مَأْسُوٌّ; (S, M, K;) i. e., Dressed; or treated curatively, or surgically; applied to a wound. (S, M. *) -A2- See also أَسْوَانُ

أُسَاوَةٌ ذ Medical, curative, therapeutical, [or surgical,] treatment. (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Sgh, K.) By rule it should be [اـِسَاوَةٌ,] with kesr. (Sgh, TA.)

اآسٍ اآس A physician; one skilled in medical, curative, therapeutical, [or surgical,] treatment [particularly of wounds ]: pl. أُسَاةٌ and اـِسَاآءٌ; (S, M, K;) said by IJ to be the only instance of فُعْلَةٌ and فِعَالٌ interchangeable except رُعَاةٌ and رِعَاآءٌ pls. of رَاعٍ: (M:) and اآسُونَ occurs [as its pl.] in a verse of Hoteiäh. (S, TA.) ― -b2- With the people of the desert, (S,) [its fem.] اآسِيَةٌ signifies (tropical:) A female circumciser [of girls ]. (S, K: [mentioned in the latter in art. اسى.]) -A2- See also أَسُوَانُ.

مَأْسُوٌّ ذ : see أَسِىٌّ.

1 أَسِىَ ذ , aor. يَأْسَى, inf. n. أَسًى or أَسًا, He grieved, or mourned, (S, M, Msb, K,) عَلَيْهِ [ for him or it ]. (M, K.) See art. اسو.

أَسٍ ذ , [agreeably with analogy, as part. n. of أَسِىَ,] (M,) or ↓ اآسٍ (K,) or ↓ أَسِىٌّ (Msb,) and ↓ أَسْيَانُ, (M, K,) a dial. var. of أَسْوَانُ, (TA, [see art. اسو]) Grieving, mourning, or sorrowful: (M, Msb, K:) fem. [of the first, or second,] أَسِيَةٌ (M,) or اآسِيَةٌ, (K,) and [of اسيان] أَسْيَانَةٌ (M, K) and أَسَيْى: (TA:) pl. [of اسيان] أَسْيَانُونَ (M, K) and أَسَايُونَ [which is extr. and somewhat doubtful] (K) and [of اسيانة] أَسْيَانَاتٌ and [of اسيى or of أَسِيَةٌ] أَسَايَا (M, K) and [of اسيى] أَسْيَيَاتٌ. (K.)

أَسْيَانُ ذ see above.

أَسِىٌّ ذ see above.

اآسٍ اآس see above.

اآسِيَةٌ اآسيه اآسية mentioned in this art. in the K: see اآسٍ in art. اسو.

1 أَشَبَهُ ذ , aor. اَشِبَ (M, K,) inf. n. أَشْبٌ, (M, TA,) He mixed it. (M, K.) And أَشَبْتُ القَوْمَ; (S;) or ↓ أَشَّبْتُهُمْ, inf. n. تَأْشِيبٌ; (TA;) I mixed the peogle together. (S, TA.) ― -b2- Also, aor. as above, (S, K,) and اَشُبَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He charged him with a vice, fault, or the like; blamed, censured, or reprehended, him: (S, K:) or he aspersed, reviled, or reproached, him, and mixed up falsehood in his aspersion of him. (TA.) You say also, أَشَبَهُ بِشرٍّ [i. e. بِشَرٍّ or بِشُرٍّ] (assumed tropical:) He cast upon him a stigma, or mark of dishonour, by which he became known: (Lh, TA:) or he cast a censure, or reproach, upon him, and involved him in it. (TA.) -A2- أَشِبَ الشَّجَرُ, aor. اَشَبَ , (A, K,) inf. n. أَشَبٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تأشّب; (K;) or أَشِبَتِ الغَيْضَةُ; (S;) The collection of trees, or the thicket, was, or became, dense, tangled, confused, intertwined, or complicated: (S, K:) or very dense, or much tangled or confused, so as to be impassable. (AHn, A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] أَشِبَ الكَلَامُ بَيْنَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) Their speech, one with another, became confused, or intricate. (TA.) ― -b3- And أَشِبَ الشَّرُّ لِلَّئِيمِ Evil clave to the ignoble. (A.)

2 أشّبهُ ذ , inf. n. تَأْشِيبٌ, He rendered it (a collection of trees) dense, tangled, confused, intertwined, or complicated. (K.) ― -b2- أَشَبْتُ القَومَ: see 1. ― -b3- أشّب الكَلَامَ بَيْنَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He made their speech, one with another, confused, or intricate. (TA.) ― -b4- أشّب الشَّرَّ بَيْنَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He occasioned confusion, discord, or mischief, between them. (Lth.) And hence, (TA,) تَأْشِيبٌ signifies also The exciting discord, dissension, disorder, strife, quarrelling, or animosity, (S, K, TA,) بَيْنَ قَومٍ between, or among, a people. (S, TA.)

5 تأشّب ذ : see 1. ― -b2- تأشّبوا (assumed tropical:) They were, or became, mixed, or confounded together; as also ↓ ائتشبوا [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَشَبُوا]. (S, K.) ― -b3- (tropical:) They assembled, or congregated, themselves (A, K) from different parts; (TA;) as also ↓ ائتشبوا (K.) And تأشّبوا اـِلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) They drew themselves together to him, (K, TA,) and crowded densely upon him; or collected themselves together to him, and surrounded him. (TA.)

8 اـِاْتَشَبَ see 5, in two places.

أَشَبٌ ذ inf. n. of أَشِبَ. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] Confusedness; dubiousness: so in the saying, ضَرَبَتْ فِيهِ فُلَانَةُ بِعِرْقٍ ذِى أَشَبٍ i. e. ذِى ا@لْتِبَاسٍ. (S.) See art. ضرب ― -b3- Also An abundance of trees. (TA.) In a trad. of Ibn-Umm-Mektoom, اـِنِّى رَجُلٌ ضَرِيرٌ بَيْنِى وَ بَيْنَكَ أَشَبٌ فَرَخِّصْ لِى فِي العِشَاآءِ وَالفَجْرِ means Verily I am a blind man, [and] between me and thee are palm-trees confusedly disposed; therefore grant thou me indulgence with respect to [coming to thee to perform the prayers of] the nightfall and the daybreak. (K, * MF, TA.)

أَشِبٌ ذ Dense, tangled, confused, intertwined, or complicated; applied to a collection of trees: (S, TA:) or so dense, or so much tangled or confused, as to be impassable; applied to a thicket: (A:) and a place abounding with trees: (TA:) applied also to (tropical:) a collection of clouds, meaning commingled: (A:) and to (assumed tropical:) a number, meaning intricate, or confused. (S, TA.) It is said in a prov., عِيصُكَ مَنْكَ وَ اـِنْ كَانَ أَشِبًا (A,) meaning (tropical:) [ Thy stock is an appertenance of thine] although it be thorny and intricate or confused. (TA. [See art. عيص])

أُشَابَةٌ ذ (tropical:) A medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or assemblage, of men, or people; (S, A, L, K) congregated from every quarter: (L:) pl. أَشَائِبُ. (S, K. *) You say, هٰؤُلَاآءِ أُشَابَةٌ (tropical:) These are a collection [of people] from different places. (TA.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) Mixtures of unlawful and lawful kinds of property: (A:) or what is mixed with that which has been unlawfully acquired; (K, TA;) that in which is no good; (TA;) of gains: pl. as above. (K, TA.)

مَأْشُوبٌ الحَسَبِ ذ (assumed tropical:) Not pure in his grounds of pretension to respect. (ISd, TA.) [See also what follows.]

جَمْعٌ مُؤْتَشَبٌ ذ and مُؤْتَشِبٌ (tropical:) [ A mixed collection of people ]. (A.) ― -b2- فُلَانٌ مُؤْتَشَبٌ, (S, K, *) with fet-h [to the ش], (K,) in one copy of the K, مُؤَشَّبٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) Such a one is of mixed, not of pure, race, or lineage. (S, K.)

1 أَشَرَ ذ , (S, Msb, K,) aor. اَشِرَ (ISk, MS,) or اَشَرَ (Msb,) inf. n. أَشْرٌ, (Msb,) He divided [or sawed ] a piece of wood (ISk, Msb, K) with the مِئْشَار; (S, Msb, K;) as also وَشَرَ and نَشَرَ. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- أَشَرَتْ أَسْنَانَهَا, aor. اَشِرَ [or, accord. to the Msb, it seems to be اَشُرَ ,] inf. n. أَشْرٌ; (K;) and ↓ أَشَّرَتْهَا (K,) inf. n. تَأْشِيرٌ; (S;) She (a woman, TA) made her teeth serrated, (S, K,) and sharpened their extremities, (S,) to render them like those of a young person: but a curse is denounced in a trad. against her who does this. (TA.) [See also art. وشر] -A2- , أَشِرَ aor. اَشَرَ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. أَشَرٌ (S, A, Msb,) He exulted, or exulted greatly, or excessively; and behaved insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: (S,* A,* Msb, K,* TA:) or he exulted by reason of wealth, and behaved with pride, and self-conceitedness, and boastfulness, and want of thankfulness: or he behaved with the utmost exultation, &c.: or he rejoiced, and rested his mind upon things agreeable with natural desire. (TA.) [See بَطِرَ]

2 اَشَّرَ see 1.

8 ا@ئْتَشَرَتْ ذ , written with the disjunctive alif ايتَشَرَتْ She invited another to make her teeth serrated and to sharpen their extremities; as also ↓ استأشرت See the act. part. ns. below: and see also استوشرت]

10 اـِسْتَاْشَرَ see 8.

أَشْرٌ ذ see أَشِرٌ

أَشَرٌ ذ see أَشِرٌ

أَشُرٌ ذ see أَشِرٌ

أَشِرٌ ذ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ أَشُرٌ and ↓ أَشْرٌ and ↓ أَشَرٌ (K) and ↓ أَشْرَانُ (S, K) Exulting, or exulting greatly, or excessively; and behaving insolently and unthankfully, or ungratefully: (S,* A, * Msb, K,* TA:) or exulting by reason of wealth, and behaving with pride, and self-conceitedness, and boastfulness, and want of thankfulness: or behaving with the utmost exultation, &c.: or rejoicing, and resting the mind upon things agreeable with natural desire: (TA:) pl. [of the first] أَشِرُونَ and [of the second] أَشُرُونَ (L, K) and [of the first four] أُشُرٌ (K [accord. to the TA, but not in the copies of the K in my hands,]) and (of أَشْرَانُ TA) أَشْرَى (K) and أُشَارَى (S, K) and أَشَارَى (K.) One says, أَشِرٌ أَفِرٌ and ↓ أَشْرَانُ أَفْرَانُ, using the latter word in each instance as an imitative sequent. (TA.) ― -b2- بَرْقٌ أَشِرٌ (tropical:) Lightning flashing repeatedly to and fro. (A.) ― -b3- نَبْتٌ أَشِرٌ (tropical:) A plant, or herbage, extending beyond its proper bounds. (A.)

أُشَرٌ ذ : see what next follows.