Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

بِأَسْنَانِهِ أُشُرٌ ذ and ↓ أُشَرٌ and ↓ أُشُورٌ (S, K,) which last is a pl., (K,) In his teeth is a serration, (S, K,) and a sharpness of the extremities [such as is seen in the teeth of young persons]; (S;) which is sometimes natural and sometimes artificial; (K;) and [naturally] only in the teeth of young persons. (TA.) Hence the prov., أَعْيَيْتَنِى بِأُشُرِ فَكَيْفَ بِدُرْدُرٍ. (S.) [See art. در] ― -b2- أُشُرُ المِنْجَلِ (tropical:) The teeth of the reaping-hook, or sickle. (K.)

أُشْرَةٌ ذ and its dual: see اآشِرٌ

أُمْنِيَّةٌ أَشْرَاآءُ ذ A very exulting wish: occurring in the Mo'allakah of El-Hárith Ibn-Hillizeh. (EM p. 272.)

أَشْرَانُ ذ : see أَشِرٌ, in two places.

أُشُورٌ ذ see أُشُرٌ

اآشِرٌ ذ Dividing [or sawing ], or one who divides [or saws ], wood, with the مِئْشَار (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] The prickles [or serrated parts ] of the shanks of the locust; (K;) as also ↓ تَاآشِيرُ (TA.) ― -b3- Also, and ↓ أُشْرَةٌ and ↓ عُقْدَةٌ) at the extremity of the tail of the locust, like two claws; (K;) which two things are also called ↓ أُشْرَتَانِ and ↓ مِئْشَارَانِ (TA.) ― -b4- اآشِرَةٌ A woman who sharpens the extremities of her teeth [and makes them serrated: see 1]. (Msb.) -A2- يَدٌ اآشِرَةٌ An arm, or a hand, sawn off; i. q. ↓ مَأْشُورَةٌ: (ISk, S, Msb, K:*) like عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ in the sense of مَرْضِيَةٌ. (S.)

تَأْشِيرٌ ذ or تَأْشِيرَةٌ, as in different Lexicons, (TA,) [the former in the K,] The thing with which the locust bites: pl. تَاآشِيرُ (K.) ― -b2- See also the pl. voce اآشِرٌ.

مُؤَشَّرٌ ذ Anything (TA) made thin [and serrated]. (K.) [Hence,] ثَغْرٌ مُؤَشَّرٌ A front tooth serrated and sharpened at the extremity. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) مُؤَشَّرُ العَضُدَيْنِ is applied to the beetle [as meaning Having the fore shanks formed thin, and serrated ]. (S, TA.)

مِئْشَارٌ ذ (S, Msb, K, &c.) [ A saw;] an instrument with which wood is divided; (Msb, K) as also مِيشَارٌ, from وَشَرَ; (Msb, TA;) and مِنْشَارٌ: (TA:) pl. مَاآشِيرُ. (ISk, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- See also this word and its dual voce اآشِرٌ.

مَأْشُورٌ ذ Wood divided [or sawn ] with the مِئْشَار (Msb.) See also اآشِرٌ ― -b2- مَأْشُورَةٌ A woman who has the extremities of her teeth sharpened [and serrated artificially: see 1]. (Msb.)

مِئْشِيرٌ ذ , applied alike to the male and the female, (S,) to a she-camel and a courser, (S, K,) and a man and a woman, (TA,) Brisk; lively; sprightly. (S,* K.)

مُؤْتَشِرَةٌ ذ and ↓ مُسْتَأْشِرَةٌ A woman who invites [another] to make her teeth serrated [and to sharpen their extremities: see 1]. (K.)

مُسْتَأْشِرَةٌ ذ : see what next precedes.

اـِشْفَى ذ , of the measure فِعْلَى, [and therefore fem., and imperfectly decl.,] (S, Msb,) accord. to some; but accord. to others, of the measure اـِفْعَلٌ like اـِصْبَعٌ as Kh is related to have said, (Msb,) which latter is said by IB to be the correct measure, the [incipient] ا being augmentative, and the word [masc.,] with tenween, [i. e. اـِشْفًى,] perfectly decl.: (TA:) The instrument belonging to the اـِسكَاف [or sewer of skins or leather ]; (S,* Msb, TA;) i. e., with which he sews; and the instrument with which he bores, or perforates: (TA:) the instrument for boring, or perforating, (K in art. شفى) belonging to the أَسَاكِفَة; said by ISk to be that which is used for water-skins, or milk-skins, and leather water-bags, and the like; that used for sandals, or shoes, being called مِخْصَفٌ: (S and TA in art. شفى:) and the [ instrument called ] سِرَاد with which skin, or leather, is sewed: (K in art. شفى:) i. q. مِخْرَزٌ: (Mgh in art. شفى:) pl. أَشَافٍ (S, Mgh, Msb, K: [in the CK, erroneously, اَشافِىُّ]) In the K, in the present art., الاـِسْكَافُ is put, by a mistake of the copyists, for لِلْاـِسْكَافِ (TA.) See also art.

شفى ذ

1 أَشُكَ ذَا خُرُوجًا ذ i. q. وَشُكَ, q. v. (TA.)

5 تأشّن ذ He washed his hands with أُشْنَان [q. v. infrà]. (Msb, K.)

أُشْنَةٌ ذ [applied in the present day to Moss: and particularly, tree-moss: in Persian أُشْنَهْ: but] Lth says, (TA,) it is a thing that winds itself upon the trees called بَلُّوط and صَنَوْبَر [ oak and pine] as though it were pared off from a root (كَأَنَّهُ مَقْشُورٌ مِنْ عِرْقِ); and it is sweet in odour, and white: (K, TA:) Az says, I do not think it to be [genuine] Arabic. (TA.)

أُشْنَانٌ ذ and اـِشْنَانٌ, (Msb, K,) but the former is of higher authority than the latter, (TA,) i. q. حُرْضٌ [ Kali, or glasswort ]: (Msb in the present art.; and S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, in art. حرض:) [and also potash, which is thence prepared;] a thing, or substance, well known, (K, TA,) with which clothes and the hands are washed; (TA; [see قِلْىٌ;]) good, or profitable, [as a remedy] for the mange, or scab, and the itch; clearing to the complexion, cleansing, emmenagogue, and abortive. (K.)

أُشْنَانَةٌ ذ A vessel for حُرْض [or for أُشْنَان as meaning potash ]; syn. مِحْرَضَةٌ. (A in art. حرض)

أُشْنَانِىٌّ ذ A seller of أُشْنَان. (TA.)

2 أصّدهُ ذ , inf. n. تَأْصِيدٌ, is from أُصْدَةٌ: (S, K:) [app. meaning He made it an أُصْدَة: or he wore it as an أُصْدَة: and hence مُؤَصَّدٌ or مُؤَصَّدَةٌ as explained below: or] he clad him with an أُصْدَة. (TK.)

4 اآصد اآصد [in some copies of the K أَصَدَ, which is a mistake, (see the pass. part. n. مُؤْصَدٌ, below,)] He closed (أَغْلَقَ, S, A, K, and so in the M in art. وصد, or أَطْبَقَ, as in the M in the present art.) a door, or an entrance; as also اوصد; (S, M, A, K;) of which it is a dial. var. (S.) And He covered, or covered over, a cooking-pot. (M.)

أُصْدَةٌ ذ (S, M, K, and Ham p. 223) and ↓ أَصِيدَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ مُؤَصَّدٌ (S* M,) or ↓ مُؤَصَّدَةٌ, (K,) A garment of the kind called صِدَار worn by a young girl: when a girl attains to the age of puberty, she is clad with a دِرْع: (M:) or a small shirt for a little girl: or worn beneath the ثَوْب; (K:) or the أُصْدَة is a garment without sleeves, worn by a bride and by a little girl: (M:) or a small shirt or shift, worn beneath the ثوب; and also worn by little girls: (S:) or a garment of which the sewing is not complete: or i. q. بَقِيرَةٌ: or i. q. صُدْرَةٌ. (Ham ubi suprà.) Kutheiyir says, ↓ وَقَدْ دَرَّعُوهَا وَهْىَ ذَاتُ مُؤَصَّدٍ مَجُوبٍ وَ لَمَّا يَلْبَسِ الدِّرْعَ رِيدُهَا [ They clad her with a دِرْع when she wore a مُؤَصَّد with an opening cut out at the neck and bosom, when her equal in age had not yet worn the درع ]. (S, M.)

أًصِيدٌ ذ A court; or an open or a wide space in front of a house, or extending from its sides; (S, M, K;) a dial. var. of وَصِيدٌ, (S,) which is the more common form: (M:) or the extreme and exterior part of a house: (Mirkát el-Loghah, and Meyd, as rendered by Golius:) or an intermediate place between the threshold or door and the house; a place which looks neither upon the public nor upon the interior parts, whether it be an area or a vestibule. (Ibn-Maaroof, as rendered by Golius.)

أَصِيدَةٌ ذ : see أُصْدَةُ -A2- A [hind of enclosure for the protection of camels, sheep, or goats, such as is called ] حَظِيرَةٌ: (M, K:) or like a حظيرة, (S, and Ham p.223,) [but made] of rocks, or great masses of stone: (Ham:) a dial. var. of وَصِيدَةٌ [q. v.]: (S:) pl. اـِصَادٌ (Ham.)

مُؤْصَدٌ ذ Closed; closed over, or covered: occurring in the Kur [xc. 20 and] civ. 8; (L;) in which AA reads مُؤْصَدَةٌ [with hemz; others reading this word without hemz]. (S, L.) You say بَابٌ مُؤْصَدٌ [ A closed door ]. (A.) And قِدْرٌ مُؤْصَدَةٌ A covered cooking-pot. (A.) And بَابُ العَفْوِ عَنْهُ مُؤْصَدٌ (assumed tropical:) [ The door of forgiveness is closed from him; i. e., against him ]. (A.)

مُؤَصَّدٌ ذ , or مُؤَصَّدَةٌ: see أُصْدَةٌ, in three places.

1 أَصَرَهُ ذ , aor. اَصِرَ , inf. n. أَصْرٌ, He, or it, (a thing, Ks,) confined, restricted, limited, kept close, kept within certain bounds or limits, shut up, imprisoned, held in custody, detained, retained, restrained, withheld, debarred, hindered, impeded, or prevented, him or it: (Ks, S, M, A, * K:) it straitened him. (TA.) You say, أَصَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى ذٰلِكَ I confined, or restricted, the man to that thing, or affair. (Ks.) And أَصَرْتُهُ عَنْ حَاجَتَهُ, and عَمَّا أَرَادَهُ, I withheld, restrained, or debarred, him from the thing that he wanted, and from the thing that he desired. (IAar.) ― -b2- أَصَرَ البَيْتَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He made, or put, to the tent an اـِصَار. (K,* TK.) -A2- Also, aor. and inf. n. as above, He broke it. (ElUmawee, S, M, K.*) ― -b2- He inclined, or bent, it. (M, K* TA.) ― -b3- It inclined him, (As, S, K,) عَلَى فُلَانٍ to such a one. (As, S.) See an ex. voce اآصِرَةٌ.

3 اآصرهُ اآصره اآصرة , inf. n. مُؤَاصِرَةٌ, He was his neighbour, having the اـصار of his tent by the side of the اـِصَار of the tent of the other. See the act. part. n. below.]

6 تَاآصَرُوا تاآصروا They were neighbours; they dwelt, or abode, near together. See the act. part. n. below.]

أَصْرٌ ذ see اـِصْرٌ; each in three places.

أُصْرٌ ذ see اـِصْرٌ; each in three places.

اـِصْرٌ اصر أصر اـصر صار صر A covenant, compact, or contract; (S, K;) as also ↓ أُصْرٌ and ↓ أَصْرٌ: (K:) [see also وصْرٌ:] any bond arising from relationship, or from a covenant or compact or contract, (Aboo-Is-hák,) and from an oath: (ISh:) a covenant, compact, or contract, which one does not fulfil, and for the neglecting and breaking of which one is punished: so in the Kur ii. 286: (I' Ab:) [see also what follows, in two places:] or a heavy, or burdensome, covenant, compact, or contract: so in the Kur iii. 75: (ISh, M:) so, too, in the same vii. 156: (T, M:) pl. اآصَارٌ, a pl. of pauc.: (M:) or a heavy, or burdensome, command; such as was given to the Children of Israel to slay one another: so in the Kur ii. 286, accord. to Zj. (TA.) ― -b2- A weight, or burden; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ أُصْرٌ and ↓ أَصْرٌ: (K:) so called because it restrains one from motion: (TA:) pl. as above. (M.) ― -b3- A sin; a crime; an offence; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ أُصْرٌ and ↓ أَصْرٌ: (K:) so called because of its weight, or burdensomeness: (TA:) or the sin of breaking a compact, or covenant: (Fr, Sh:) or a grievous punishment of a sin: so accord. to AM in the Kur ii. 286. (TA.) ― -b4- A thing that inclines one to a thing. (M, K.) [See also اآصِرَةٌ. It is said in the Ham (p. 321) that أَوَاصِرُ is pl. of the former word: but it is evidently pl. of the latter.] ― -b5- A swearing by an oath which obliges one to divorce or emancipate or to pay a vow. (K, TA.) So in a trad., in which it is said, مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ اـِصْرٌ فَلَا كَفَّارَةَ لَهَا [ Whoso sweareth an oath in which is an obligation to divorce or emancipate or to pay a vow, for it there is no expiation ]: for such is the heaviest of oaths, and that from which the way of escape, or evasion, is most strait: the original meaning of اصر being a burden, and a binding. (TA.) -A2- The ear-hole: pl. اآصَارٌ (IAar, K) and اـِصْرَانٌ. (K.)

اـِصَارٌ اصار أصار اـصر صار آصار and ↓ أَيْصَرٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ اـِصَارَةٌ and ↓ اآصِرَةٌ (M, K) A short rope, (S,) or small rope, (K,) by which the lower part of the [ kind of tent called ] خِبَاآء is tied, or bound, (S, K,) to the peg: (S:) or a short peg, for the [ ropes called ] أَطْنَاب, with which the lower part of the [ kind of tent called ] خباآ is fastened: (M:) [or] اـِصَارٌ signifies also the peg, (K,) or short peg, (TA,) of the [ kind of tent-rope called ] طُنُب: (K:) or a peg of the خباآء: (Ibn-Es-Seed, TA:) pl. of the first أُصُرٌ (S, M) and اآصِرَةٌ; (M;) and of the second أَيَاصِرُ. (S.) ISd thinks that ↓ اآصِرَات is the pl. of ↓ اآصِرَةٌ used in the first of the senses explained above in in the following verse: لَعَمْرُكَ لَا أَذْنُو لِوَصْلِ دَنِيَّةٍ وَ لَا أَتَصَبَى اآصِرَاتِ خَلِيلِى the poet meaning [ By thy life, I will not approach to hold loving communion, or intercourse, with an ignoble, or a low, female; ] nor will I direct my regard to the short ropes which bind [ to the pegs ] the lower part of the tent of my friend, coveting his wife, and the like: or he may mean nor will I direct my regard to the female relations of my friend, such as his paternal aunt, and his maternal aunt, and the like. (TA.) [See اآصِرَةٌ, below.] ― -b2- Also, the first, A thing by which things are tied firmly, or made firm or fast. (TA.) ― -b3- A thong of untanned hide which binds together the عَضُدَانِ of a camel's saddle: and اـِسَارٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (M.) ― -b4- Also, (M, K,) and ↓ أَيْصَرٌ, (AZ, As, K,) A [ garment of the kind called ] كِسَاآء in which dry herbage, or fodder, is collected: (M, K:) or a كساآء filled with herbage, and tied: (AZ:) or a كساآء in which is dry herbage, or fodder: otherwise it is not thus called: (As:) pl. [of the former] أُصُرٌ and اآصِرَةٌ; (K;) and of the latter أَيَاصِرُ. (AZ.) ― -b5- And both words, (the former accord. to the S and M and K, and the latter accord. to As and the S and M and K,) Dry herbage, or fodder: (S, K:) or dry herbage, or fodder, collected together: (TA:) or dry herbage, or fodder, in a [ garment of the kind called ] كساآء: otherwise it is not thus called: (As:) or dry herbage, or fodder, contained in a مِحَشّ. (M.) [The following saying is cited as an ex. of the first of these significations:] لِفُلَانٍ مَحَشٌّ لَا يُجَزُّ ↓ أَيْصَرَهُ [ To such a one belongs a place, or land, abounding with dry herbage, ] the dry herbage whereof will not be cut; (S;) meaning, because of its abundance. (TA.) ― -b6- Also, the former, A basket (زَبِيل or زنْبِيل, as in different copies of the K) in which goods, or commodities, (مَتَاع,) are carried: so called as being likened to the thing in which dry herbage is put. (TA.)

اـِصَارَةٌ اصاره اصارة اـصر آصاره : see اـِصَارٌ.

كَلَأٌ اآصِرٌ ذ Pasturage that detains those that are on it [ by reason of its abundance ]: (M, TA:) or, to which one goes because of its abundance. (TA.)

اآصِرَةٌ اآصره اآصرة , and its pl. اآصِرَاتٌ: see اـصَارٌ, in three places: of which last word, the first is also a pl. ― -b2- The thing termed اآخِيَّة and اآرِىّ [ to which a beast is tied ]. (TA.) ― -b3- A tie of kindred, or relationship, (S, M, K,) or affinity, (S,) or a favour, or benefit, (S, K,) that inclines one to a man; (S;) or because it inclines one: (M:) pl. أَوَاصِرُ. (K.) One says, عَلَى فُلَانٍ اآصِرَةٌ ↓ مَا تَأْصِرُنِى No tie of relationship, nor any favour, or benefit, inclines me to such a one. (S.) And عَطَفَ عَلَىَّ بِغَيْرِ اآصِرَهْ وَنَظَرَ فِى أَمْرِى بِغَيْرِ بَاصِرَهْ [ He inclined to me without any tie of relationship, &c., and examined my case without eye ]. (A.) [See also اـِصْرٌ.]

أَيْصَرٌ ذ : see اـِصَارٌ, in three places.

مَأْصِرٌ ذ and مَأْصَرٌ A place in which a person or thing is confined, shut up, or imprisoned: pl. مَاآصِرٌ; for which the vulgar say, مَعَاصِرُ. (S, K.) ― -b2- Also, the former, (M, A,) or مَاصِرٌ; (TA;) either of the measure مَفْعِلٌ from الأَصْرُ, or of the measure فَاعِلٌ from المِصْرُ; A thing intervening between two other things and preventing the passage from one to the other; a barrier: (A:) a rope across a road or river, preventing the passage of travellers and ships or boats, (M, L,) for the taking of the tithes from them. (L.)

مُؤَاصِرٌ ذ A neighbour: (K:) [or a close, or near, neighbour: as in the saying,] هُوَ جَارِى مُؤَاصِرِى He is my neighbour, having the اـِصَار of his tent by the side of the اـِصَار of my tent. (El-Ahmar, S.)

حَىٌّ مُتَاآصِرُونَ حي متاآصرون A tribe dwelling, or abiding, near together. (S, K. *)

اـِصْطَبْلٌ اصطبل اـصطبل A stable (K) for دَوَابّ [i. e. horses or mules or asses ]: (S [in some copies of which it is omitted] and K:) the ا is radical, because an augmentative does not occur at the beginning of a word of four or five letters unless derived from a verb: (S:) [probably from the barbarous Greek σταβλίον :] AA says that it is not of the [genuine] language of the Arabs: (S:) IB says that it is a foreign word, used by the Arabs: (TA:) accord. to some, (TA,) it is of the dial. of Syria: (K, TA:) the pl. is أَصَاطِبُ: and the dim. أُصَيْطِبٌ. (TA.)

أَصْطُرْلَابٌ ذ or أُصْطُرْلَابٌ: see اسطرلاب.

1 أَصُلَ ذ , (K,) inf. n. أَصَالَةٌ; (TA;) or أَصِلَ; (M;) It (a thing, M) had, or came to have, root, or a foundation; (M, K;) as also ↓ تأصّل: (M:) or it was, or became, firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded; as also ↓ تأصّل: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ استأصل it (a thing) was, or became, firm in its root or foundation, and strong. (Msb.) You say, الشَجَرَةُ ↓ اِسْتَأْصَلَتِ The tree [ took root; or] grew, and became firm in its root. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] أَصُلَ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He (a man, S, * M) was, or became, firm, (S, M, K;) or sound, (S,) of judgment; (S, M, K;) intelligent. (M: [and so, probably, in correct copies of the K; but in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK; and TA, instead of عَاقِل, the reading in the M, I find عَاقِب.]) ― -b3- Also, (S, * K,) inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) It (judgment, or opinion,) was, or became, firm, or sound, (S, * TA,) or good. (K.) ― -b4- And, inf. n. as above, It (a thing) was, or became, eminent, noble, or honourable. (Msb.) -A2- أَصَلَهُ, [aor. and inf. n. as in what follows next after this sentence,] He hit, or struck, its root, or foundation; that by being which it was what it was, or in being which it consisted; or its ultimate constituent. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And hence, (A, TA,) أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا, (A, K, TA,) aor. اَصُلَ , inf. n. أَصْلٌ: (TA;) or ↓ اآصَلَهُ [with medd, (which I think to be a mistake, unless this be a dial. var.,) and without علما]; (so in a copy of the M;) (assumed tropical:) He knew it completely, or thoroughly, or superlatively well, syn. قَتَلَهُ, (K,) [i. e.] قَتَلَهُ عِلْمًا, so that he was acquainted with its أَصْل [or root, or foundation, or its ultimate constituent, as is indicated in the A and TA]: (M:) or this is from أَصَلَةٌ, as meaning “a certain very deadly serpent;” (A, TA;) [whence the phrase,] ― -b3- أَصَلَتْهُ الأَصَلَةُ, (K,) inf. n. أَصْلٌ, (TA,) The [ serpent called ] اصلة sprang upon him (K, TA) and slew him. (TA.) -A3- أَصِلَ, aor. اَصَلَ , (M, K,) inf. n. أَصَلٌ, (M,) said of water, i. q. أَسِنَ; (M, K;) i. e. It became altered for the worse (M, TA) in its taste and odour, (TA,) from fetid black mud (K, TA) therein: so says Ibn-'Abbád: (TA:) and said of flesh-meat, it became altered (K, TA) in like manner. (TA.) -A4- أَصِلَ فُلَانٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا Such a one set about, or commenced, doing thus and thus, or such and such things. (TA.)

2 أصلّهُ ذ , inf. n. تَأْصِيلٌ, He made it to have a firm, or fixed, root, or foundation, whereon to build, (Msb, TA,) i. e., whereon another thing might be built. (El-Munáwee, TA.) [Hence,] أصّل مَالَهُ i. q. أَثَّلَهُ [ He made his wealth, or property, to have root, or a foundation; or to become firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded: see, below, أَصْلُ مَالٍ, and مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ]. (M and K in art. اثل.) ― -b2- أصّل الأُصُولَ [ He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the fundamentals, fundamental articles, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science, &c.,] is a phrase similar to بَوَّبَ الأَبْوَابَ and رَتَّبَ الرُّتَبَ. (TA.)

4 اآصل اآصل , (inf. n. اـِيصَالٌ, TA,) He entered upon the time called أَصِيل, q. v. (S, M, K.) -A2- See also أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا.

5 تأصّل ذ : see 1, first sentence, in two places.

10 استأصل ذ : see 1, in two places, first and second sentences. -A2- استأصلهُ He uprooted it; unrooted it; eradicated it; extirpated it; pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part, (S, TA,) or with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts;; (TA;) he cut it off (M, Msb) from its root, or lowest part, (M,) or with its roots, or lowest parts. (Msb.) You say, اِسْتَأْصَلَ ا@للّٰهُ شَأْفَتَهُمْ, a precative phrase, meaning May God [extirpate or] remove (from them) their شأفة; which is an ulcer, or a purulent pustule, that comes forth in the foot, and is cauterized, and in consequence goes away: (M:) or استأصل شأفتهم [in general usage] means he extirpated them, or may he extirpate them; or he cut off, or may he cut off, the last remaining of them. (TA. [See also art. شأف.]) And استأصل القَوْمَ, i. e. قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [ He cut off the root, race, or stock, of the people; i. e. he extirpated them ]. (M.) And استأصل ا@للّٰهُ الكُفَّارَ God destroyed altogether or entirely, or may God destroy altogether or entirely, the unbelievers. (Msb.) And استأصل الخِتَانَ He performed the circumcision so as to remove the prepuce utterly. (TA in art. سحت.)

أَصْلٌ ذ The lower, or lowest, part of a thing; [i. e. its root, bottom, or foot; ] (M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ يَأْصُولٌ: (M, K:) so of a mountain: and of a wall; (TA;) i. e. its foundation, or base: (Msb:) and of a tree [or plant]; (TA;) i. e. [its stem, or trunk, or stock, or] the part from which the branches are broken off: (TA in art. كسر:) [and also its root, or foot; for] the سَاق of a tree is said to be the part between its أَصْل and the place where its branches shoot out: (TA in art. سوق:) [and a stump of a tree: and hence, a block of wood: (see exs. voce نَقِيرٌ:)] pl. أُصُولٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and [pl. of pauc.] اآصُلٌ: (AHn, K:) [ISd says that] the former is its only pl.: (M:) [but] the latter pl. occurs in a verse of Lebeed, (which see below,) as cited by AHn. (TA.) You say, قَعَدَ فِى أَصْلِ جَبَلِ He sat upon, or at, the lowest part [&c.] of the mountain; and فِى أَصْلِ الحَائِطِ at the lowest part [&c.] of the wall. (TA.) And قَلَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ [ He pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part ]; and بأُصُولِهِ [ with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts; both meaning, utterly, entirely, or altogether ]. (TA in explanation of استأصلهُ, q. v.) And قَلَعَ أَصْلَ الشَّجَرَةِ He pulled up, or out, the lowest part, [or stem or stock or root or foot or stump, ] of the tree. (TA.) Lebeed says, [of a wild cow,] تَجْتَافُ اآصُلَ قَالِصٍ مُتَنَبِّذٍ بِعُجُوبِ أَنْقَاآءٍ يَمِيلُ هَيَامُهَا [ She enters into the midst of the stems of trees with high branches, apart from others, i. e. from other trees, in the hinder parts of sand-hills, the fine loose sand thereof inclining upon her]: (AHn, TA:) but as some relate it, أَصْلًا قَالِصًا. (TA. [See EM, p. 161.]) ― -b2- A thing upon which another thing is built or founded [either properly or tropically]: (KT, Kull p. 50, TA:) the foundation, or basis, of a thing, [either properly or tropically,] which being imagined to be taken away, or abstracted, by its being taken away, or abstracted, the rest thereof becomes also taken away, or abstracted: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that upon which the existence of anything rests [or depends ]; so the father is اصل to the offspring, and the river is اصل to the streamlet that branches off from it: (Msb:) or a thing upon which another thing depends as a branch; as the father in relation to the son: (Kull:) [i. e. the origin, source, beginning, or commencement, of a thing: the origin, original, root, race, or stock, from which a man springs. Hence شَىْءٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ A thing having root, or a foundation; and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, im- mobility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed, immoveable, stable, or permanent. Whence,] مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (Mgh voce عَقَارٌ,) and مِلْكٌ ثَابِتٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (Msb in explanation of that word,) and مَا لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (KT in explanation of the same,) [ Real, or immoveable, property;] property such as consists in a house or land yielding a revenue; (Mgh;) or such as a house and palm-trees; (Msb;) or such as land and a house. (KT.) [Hence, also, أَصْلٌ مَالٍ signifying A source of wealth or profit; a stock, fund, capital, or principal. You say,] اِتَّخَذْتُهُ لِنَفْسِى أَصْلَ مَالٍلِلنَّسْلِ لَا لِلِتِّجَارَةِ [ I took it for myself as a source of wealth or profit, for breeding, not for traffic ]. (Mgh in art. قنو.) You say also, بَاعَ أَصْلَ أَرْضِهِ [meaning He sold the fundamental property, i. e. the property itself, of his land ]. (S voce عِكْرٌ.) [See also an ex. in conjugation 4 in art. بقَى: and another in the first paragraph of art. حبس.] And أَخَذَهُ بِأَصْلِهِ [ He took it as it were with its root, or the like; meaning, entirely ]. (K. [See أَصِيلَةٌ.]) And قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [ He cut off their root, race, or stock; i. e. he extirpated them ]. (M.) And فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ صِدْقِ, (S and L in art. ضنأ,) and فِى أَصْلِ سُوْءٍ, (L ibid.,) Such a one is of an excel-lent origin, or race, or stock, (S, L,) and of a bad origin, or race, or stock; (L;) اصل being here syn. with ضِنْء (S, L) and مَعْدِن. (S.) And فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ الكَرَمِ Such a one is of [a race] the source of generosity, or nobleness; اصل being here syn. with بُؤْبُؤ. (S in art. بأ.) And لَا أَصْلَ لَهُ وَ لَا فَصْلَ He has no حَسَب [i. e. grounds of pretension to respect or honour; or rank, or nobility, or the like]; nor tongue [i. e. eloquence]: (Ks, S, O, Msb:) or he has no intellect, (IAar, Msb, El-Munáwee,) nor eloquence: (El-Munáwee, TA:) or he has no lineage, nor tongue: (L:) or he has no father, nor child: (Kull p. 53:) [or he has no known stock nor branch; for] فَصْلٌ is the contr. of أَصْلٌ, and in relationship signifies a branch. (Msb in art. فصل.) You say also, مَا فَعَلْتُهُ أَصْلًا, meaning I have not done it ever; and I will not do it ever; the last word being in the accus. case as an adverbial noun; i. e. I have not done it at any time; and I will not do it at any time. (Msb, El-Munáwee, TA.) ― -b3- [It also signifies The original, or elemental, matter, material, substance, or part, of a thing; syn. with عُنْصُرٌ;] that from which a thing is taken [or made ]. (KT voce دَاخِلٌ.) ― -b4- [The fundamental, or essential, part of a thing. Hence, sing. of أُصُولٌ as signifying The fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science &c. Whence,] عِلْمُ الأُصُولِ, (TA,) [meaning] عِلْمُ أُصُولِ الدِّينِ [ The science of the fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, or principles, of religion; the science of theology, or divinity; according to the system of the Muslims, as distinguished from that of the philosophers; ] the science of the articles, or tenets, of belief; also called الفِقْهُ الأَكْبَرُ; (Kull. voce فِقْه;) and [more commonly] عِلْمُ الكَلَامِ. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) [See also 2.] ― -b5- A radical (as opposed to an augmentative) letter; as being an essential element of a word. (The Lexicons passim.) ― -b6- The original form of a word. (The same passim.) ― -b7- The original, or primary, signification [...]