Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

قُرْدُودٌ ذ : see قَرْدَدٌ, in two places.

قُرْدُودَةٌ ذ : see قَرْدَدٌ. ― -b2- قُرْدُودَةُ الظَّهْرِ The upper, or highest, part of the back (L, K) of any beast of carriage: (L:) or the withers; syn. سِيسَاآءٌ: (As, L:) or the elevated portion of the part called the ثَبَج; (S, L;) also called قُرْدُودَةُ الثَّبَجِ. (L.) ― -b3- قُرْدُودَةُ الشِّتَاآءِ The severity and sharpness of winter: (K:) or its sterility and severity. (Aboo-Málik, L.)

قُرَادٌ ذ [a coll. gen. n., The tick; or ticks; ] a certain insect, (L, K,) well known, (L,) that clings to camels and the like, (Msb,) [ and to dogs &c.,] and bites them; (L;) it is, to them, like the louse to man: (Msb:) [see also حَلَمَةٌ and حَمْنَانٌ:] n. un. with ة: (Msb:) pl. (of pauc., TA,) أَقْرِدَةٌ, (L,) and (of mult., L,) قِرْدَانٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and قُرُدٌ: (L:) قُرْدٌ also signifies the same as قُرَادٌ, (K,) or is a contraction of the pl. قُرُدٌ. (L.) أَذَلُّ مِنْ قُرَادٍ and أَسْفَلُ من قراد [ Viler than a tick ] are proverbial sayings. (TA.) -A2- القُرَادُ, (K,) or قُرَادُ الثَّدْىِ, (L,) or قُرَادُ الصَّدْرِ, (S, A,) (tropical:) The nipple (حَلَمَة) of the breast: (S, A, L, K:) called قُرَادٌ and حَلَمَةٌ as being likened. to a large tick: (Mgh in art. حلم:) the nipple of the dug of a mare. (K.) -A3- أَمُّ القِرْدَانِ The place between the fetlock and hoof of a horse: (S, L:) also, the part between the phalanges (سُلَامَيَات) of the foot of a camel. (L.) ― -b2- See also 2.

قَرُودٌ ذ A camel that does not impatiently avoid having his ticks (قِرْدَان,) plucked off. (L, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) a still, or quiet, man. (A.)

قَرَّادٌ ذ A trainer of the قِرْد [or ape, monkey, or baboon ]. (K.)

مُتَقَرِّدٌ ذ : see قَرَدٌ and قَردٌ.

مُتَقَرِّدَةٌ ذ : see قَرَدٌ.

قُرْزُحٌ ذ , (AA, S, K,) and قُرْزُوحٌ, (TA, and so in one copy of the S.) A certain species of tree: (S, K:) n. un. قُرْزُحَةٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- Also قُرْزُحَةٌ A certain herb, or leguminous plant. (Kr, K.) ― -b3- And A certain small tree, (AHn, K,) curling and contracting, (جَعْدَةٌ,) and having black جَبّ [i. e. grains, or berries, or the like ]. (AHn.)

1 قَرَسَ ذ , aor. قَرِسَ , (S, A, K,) inf, n. قَرْسٌ, (S,) It (cold) was, or became, intense, or vehement; (S, A, K;) as also قَرِسَ, aor. قَرَسَ , (S, K,) inf. n. قَرَسٌ. (S.) ― -b2- It (water) became congealed, or frozen. (S, K.) ― -b3- قرس, inf. n. قرس, [so in the TA, without any syll. signs,] He (a man) was, or became, cold. (TA.) [The verb and its inf. n. in this sense are probably the same as in the sense here next following.] ― -b4- قُرِسَ, inf. n. قَرْسٌ; (TA;) or قَرِسَ, [inf. n. قَرَسٌ;] (JK;) He (a man smitten by cold) became unable to work (JK, TA) with his hands, (JK,) or with his hand, by reason of the intenseness of the cold, or, as in the L, by reason of cold in his extremities. (TA.) -A2- قَرَسَ المَاآءَ: see 4. -A3- قَرَسَ قَرِيسًا, (TA,) or ↓ قرّسهُ, (accord. to a copy of the A,) He made, or prepared, what is termed قريس, (A, * TA,) i. e., broth with flesh-meat. (A.)

2 قَرَّسَ see 4, in two places: -A2- and see 1, last signification.

4 اقرس العُوُد ذ The branch, or twig, had its sap congealed in it. In the M, instead of جَمَسَ مَاؤُهُ فِيهِ, we find حَبَسَ فِيهِ مَاؤُهُ [which is probably a mistake of a copyist]. (TA.) -A2- اقرسهُ البَرْدُ [ The cold ] made him cold; as also ↓ قرّسهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيسٌ: (S, K:) [or,] accord. to some, by البرد is here meant sleep: (TA:) or the cold made him unable to work with his hand: (JK:) and اقرس البَرْدُ أَصَابِعَهُ the cold made his fingers rigid, by chilness of the extremities, so that he was unable to work. (A, L.) ― -b2- اقرس المَاآءَ فِى الشَّنِّ He cooled the water in the old worn-out skin; (A'Obeyd, TA.) as also قيه ↓ قرّسهُ; (A'Obeyd, S, A;) and ↓ قَرَسَهُ فبه, inf. n. قَرْسٌ. (A'Obeyd, TA.)

قَرْسٌ ذ Intense, or vehement, cold; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ قَارِسٌ and ↓ قَرِيسٌ. (K.) You say, لَيْلَةٌ ذَاتُ فَرْسٍ A night of [ intense ] cold. (S.) ― -b2- The densest and coldest hoar-frost or rime: (Lth, JK, K:) or the coldest and most copious hoarfrost or rime; as also ↓ قَرَسٌ. (M, TA.) ― -b3- See also قَارِسٌ.

قَرَسٌ ذ : see قَرْسٌ: ― -b2- and قَارِسٌ.

قَرِيسٌ ذ : see قَارِسٌ, in three places: ― -b2- and قَرْسٌ. -A2- Broth with flesh-meat. (A.) -A3- سَمَكٌ قَرِيسٌ Fish that is cooked, and for which a sauce (صِبَاغ) is then made, in which it is left until it becomes concreted: (S:) or cooked fish in which a sauce is made, wherein it is left until it becomes concreted, (K, * TA,) but neither congealed nor fluid; [ being converted into a gelatinous substance; ] as also قَرِيصٌ: the former is of the dial. of Keys. (TA.)

قَارِسٌ ذ Intense, or vehement, cold; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ: you should not say قَارِصٌ. (S.) ― -b2- See also قَرْسٌ. ― -b3- In a state of congelation, or freezing; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ; (S;) and ↓ قَرَسٌ: (IAar, ISk, S, K:) the first and second applied to water: (S:) the last, to anything; (IAar;) but this last was unknown to Abu-l-Gheyth. (S.) ― -b4- Cold; chill; as also ↓ قَرِيسٌ, (TA,) and ↓ قَرْسٌ. (K.) You say يَوْمٌ قَارِسٌ [ A cold day ]. (A, TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ قَارِسَةٌ [ A cold night ]. (TA.)

قِرْشَبٌّ ذ Advanced in years: (As, S, K:) applied to a man. (S.) ― -b2- One who is in a bad state, or condition. (IAar, K.) ― -b3- A man of bad disposition. (Kr, K.) ― -b4- Having a capacious belly. (K.) ― -b5- A great eater; voracious. (K.) ― -b6- A man (TA) corpulent, or bulky, and tall. (K.) ― -b7- القِرْشَبٌّ The lion. (K.) ― -b8- Pl. (in each of the above senses, TA) قَرَاشِبُ. (K.) [See also كِرْشَبٌّ.]

1 قَرَصَهُ ذ , (S, M, A, Msb,) aor. قَرُصَ , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. قَرْصٌ, (S, M, Msb, Mgh, K,) [ He pinched him, or it, ] with the two fingers: (S:) or it (a person's skin) with his fingers, so as to pain him: (A:) or he took, or took hold of, it (a man's flesh) with his two fingers, so as to pain him: (K:) or he twisted round two fingers upon it, namely, a thing; or the extremities of the fingers, only: (Msb:) or he scratched him, or it, with his nails: and he pressed, or squeezed, or pinched, him, or it, with the fingers, so as to pain: (M:) or he took it with the ends of his fingers: (Mgh, CK: [one of the explanations of القَرْصُ in the latter being القَبْصُ:]) or he seized it (so accord. to a MS. copy of the K, [the inf. n. being there rendered by القَبْضُ; in the place of which I find in the TA, القرض; but this I think a mistranscription;]) with the two fingers, (so in some copies of the K, and in the TA,) so as to pain. (TA.) You say also, قَرَصَهُ بِظُفْرَيْهِ He took [or pinched ] his skin with his two nails. (Z, Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) It (a flea) bit him: (S, K:) also said of a gnat; (A, TA;) and of a serpent. (TA.) ― -b3- Also, (tropical:) [as meaning It pinched him, or pained him, ] said of the cold. (A, TA.) ― -b4- And قَرَصَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, [and قُرُوصَةٌ seems to be another inf. n. of the same,] (tropical:) It (beverage) bit the tongue. (M.) You say also of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, فِيهِ قُرُوصَةٌ (tropical:) In it is a biting quality, affecting the tongue. (A, TA.) ― -b5- Also, قَرَصَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ, (M, Msb,) inf n. قَرْصٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) He hurt him with his tongue, by saying something which gave pain. (M, * Msb.) And لَا تَزَالُ تَقْرُصُنِى مِنْكَ قَارِصَةٌ (tropical:) [ A hurtful saying proceeding from thee does not cease to hurt me ]. (A.) ― -b6- قَرَصَهُ also signifies He took it, (M, TA,) or cut it in pieces, namely, anything, (TA,) between two things; (M, TA;) as also ↓ قرّصهُ: (Msb:) or the former signifies [simply] he cut it: (K:) and the latter, he cut it in pieces. (A.) Hence, (TA,) أُقْرُصِيهِ بِالمَاءِ, (S, Mgh, * Msb, * TA,) or بالماء ↓ قَرِّصِيهِ, (S, M, TA,) said in a trad., (S, M, Msb,) respecting the menstrual blood, (S, M,) accord. to different relations: (S, TA:) the latter means, Separate thou its particles [so I here render قَطِّعِيهِ] with water; (A'Obeyd, S, TA;) and the former has a similar [but less intensive] meaning: (TA:) or the former means, wash it with the ends of thy fingers; (S, Msb;) and remove it with the nail or the like: (Msb:) or take it [ off ] with the ends of the fingers: (Mgh:) or rub it hard with the ends of the fingers and the nails, and pour upon it water, so as to remove it and the mark of it. (Az, in Msb, art. حت; and IAth, * in TA, in the present art.) ― -b7- You say also, قَرَصَ العَجِينَ, (A,) inf. n. قَرْصٌ; (K;) or ↓ قرّصهُ; (M;) He cut the dough to spread it out: (M, A:) or the former, [simply,] he spread out the dough: (K:) or قَرَصَتِ العَجِينَ, aor. قَرُصَ , inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) she cut the dough, (S,) or spread it out and cut it, (TA,) into pieces, each such as is termed قُرْصَة: (S, TA:) and ↓ قُرّصتهُ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. تَقْرِيصٌ, (S, K,) she cut it into many pieces, (S, Msb, K,) each such as is termed قُرْصَة, (S,) or قُرْص. (Msb.) -A2- قَرِصَ, aor. قَرَصَ , (K,) inf. n. قَرَصٌ, (TK,) signifies دَامَ عَلَى المُنَافَرَةِ وَالغِيبَةِ (tropical:) [ He continued in a course of mutual aversion and defamation ]. (K, TA.)

2 قَرَّصَ see 1, latter half, in four places. ― -b2- قرّص المَاآءَ (tropical:) He cooled the water; or made it cold; as also with س: (TA:) or he made the water cold so that its coldness pinched, or pained. (A.) ― -b3- قرّص اللَّبَنَ (tropical:) He rendered the milk biting to the tongue; or acid. ] (TA.) See قَارِصٌ.

3 قَاْرَصَ [قارصهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَصَةٌ, originally, He pinched him, being pinched by him. ― -b2- And hence, (tropical:) He regarded him with mutual aversion, and mutually defamed him; or exchanged bad words with him; for] المُقَارَصَةُ signifies المُنَافَرَةُ وَالغِيبَةُ: (TA:) or the speaking bad words, one to another. (KL.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا مُقَارَصَاتٌ (tropical:) [ Between them two are mutual aversions and defamations ]. (A, TA.) See also 6.

6 رَأَيْتُهُمَا يَتَقَارَظَانِ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُمَا يَتَقَارَصَانِ ذ (tropical:) [ I saw them two eulogizing each other: then I saw them two regarding each other with aversion, and defaming each other, or speaking bad words, each to the other ]. (A, TA.) See 3.

قُرْصٌ ذ and ↓ قُرْصَةٌ A round cake (K, * TA,) of bread; (S, K, TA;) syn. خُبْزَةٌ (K, TA) and رَغِيفٌ: (TA:) or such as is very small: (TA:) [or, accord. to present usage, small, but thick: ] the former word is the more common: (TA:) or a [ round ] piece of dough: (M, A: *) [and any similar thing, small, and of a round, flattened form: ] pl., (of the former, S, Msb,) أَقْرَاصٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and قِرَصَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and قِرَاصٌ, (M, TA,) [both pls. of mult.;] and (of قُرْصَةٌ, S, TA,) قُرَصٌ; (S, K;) and أَقْرِصَةٌ [is a pl. of pauc. of either]. (K, art. بت.) ― -b2- Hence, as being likened to the thing above mentioned, (M,) القُرْصُ, (M, TA,) or قُرْصُ الشَّمْسِ, (S, A, TA,) or ↓ القُرْصَةُ, (K,) The disk (عَيْن) of the sun: (S, M, K, TA:) and sometimes the sun, as a common, or general, term: (M:) or the disk (عين) of the sun when it is setting: (TA:) you say, غَابَ قُرْصُ الشَّمْسِ [ the disk of the sun set, or disappeared ]: (A, TA:) or the عين of the sun is called ↓ قُرْصَة, with ة, at the setting. (Lth, TA.) ― -b3- See also مُقَرَّصٌ. ― -b4- [قُرْصُ شَهْدٍ or عَسَلٍ A honey-comb: or the same, and شَهْدٍ ↓ قُرْصَةُ or عَسَلٍ, a portion of a honey-comb: pl. قِرَصَة.]

[ قَرْصَةٌ ذ inf. n. of un. of قَرَصَهُ; A pinch, or a pinching: &c.: pl. قَرَصَاتٌ.] You say, قَرَصَهُمُ البَعُوضُ قَرَصَاتٍ رَقَصُوا مِنْهَا رَقَصَاتٍ (tropical:) [ The gnats bit them with several bitings, in consequence of which they danced with several dancings. ] (A, TA.)

قُرْصَةٌ ذ : see قُرْصٌ, in four places.

قَرُوصٌ ذ : see قَرَّاصٌ, in two places.

قَرِيصٌ ذ A kind of condiment, or seasoning; (Lth, M, K;) called in the dial. of Keys قَرِيسٌ, q. v. (TA.)

قَرَّاصٌ ذ [an intensive epithet from قَرَصَهُ; That pinches much: &c.: as also ↓ قَرُوصٌ. ― -b2- And hence,] لِجَامٌ قَرَّاصٌ and ↓ قَرُوصٌ (tropical:) A bit that hurts the beast of carriage. (A, TA.)

قَارِصٌ ذ [act. part. n. of قَرَصَهُ; Pinching: &c. (See an ex. voce مَوْقُوصٌ.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Biting; applied to a flea, &c. ― -b3- And hence,] (tropical:) A certain insect, like the بَقّ [q. v.,] (K,) that bites. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence also, (tropical:) Pinching, or paining; ] applied to cold. (A, TA.) ― -b5- And, applied to milk, (As, S, A, K,) and beverage, (M,) or such as is termed نَبِيذ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) That bites the tongue: (As, S, M, A, K:) or, when applied to milk, it is to camels' milk in particular, and signifies sour: (M, TA:) in the K is added, or sour milk upon which much fresh is milked so that the acidity goes away: but this is a mistake; for it is an explanation, given by Sgh, of the epithet مُمَحَّلٌ, occurring in a verse of Abu-n-Nejm, where it is coupled with قَارِصٌ. (TA.) It is said in a proverb, عَدَا القَارِصُ فَحَزَرَ (tropical:) What was biting to the tongue attained to an excessive degree, so that it became acid: meaning, the affair, or case, became distressing. (S.) ― -b6- [Hence also,] قَارِصَةٌ [for كَلِمَةٌ قَارِصَةٌ] (tropical:) A saying that hurts; (S, M, A;) or that pains; (Msb;) or that troubles and pains one (K, * TA) like the pinching of the body: (TA:) pl. قَوَارِصُ. (S, A, K.)

مِقْرَصَةٌ ذ A receptacle for milk, in which it is rendered biting to the tongue, or acid: (يُقَرَّصُ فِيهِ:) pl. مَقَارِصُ. (TA.)

مُقَرَّصٌ ذ Cut in pieces, [ by being ] taken between two things. (M, TA.) ― -b2- A woman's ornament round like a قُرْص: (IF, K:) or set, or adorned, with jewels: (IDrd, M:) such is also called ↓ قُرْص. (TA.) [This latter name is now applied to A round convex ornament, generally composed of diamonds set in gold; but sometimes of thin embossed gold, usually with a false emerald set in the centre; worn upon the crown of the headdress by women. For further descriptions, and a figured specimen of each kind, see my work on the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians, Appendix A.]

1 قَرَضَهُ ذ , aor. قَرِضَ , (S, M, A, &c.,) inf. n. قَرْضٌ, (S, M, Msb,) He cut it; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely a thing, (S, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (A, Mgh,) with the مِقْرَاض, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and with the مِقْرَاضَانِ; (Msb;) and in like manner, [or as signifying he cut it much, or frequently, or repeatedly, ] you say, ↓ قرّضهُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تَقْرِيضٌ: (TA:) this is the primary signification. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, (TA,) said of a rat, or mouse, (A'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, * Msb, TA,) He [ cut it with his teeth; gnawed it; or] ate it; (Msb;) namely a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and bread, &c. (TA.) You say also قَرَضَهُ بِنَابِهِ He cut it with his canine tooth, or fang. (A.) And قَرَضَ البَعِيرُ جَرَّتَهُ, (M, TA,) aor. as above, (A, TA,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) The camel chewed his cud: (M, A, TA:) or returned it [ to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach ]. (TA.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ, (S, M, A, K,) [lit.] He cut, or severed, his bond, i. e. the bond of his heart; and consequently, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) he died; (IAar, M, K, TA;) as also قَرَضَ alone, (S, [in which the former is not explained] O, Msb, K,) and قَرِضَ: (IAar, O, K:) or (assumed tropical:) he was at the point of death. (K.) And you say, جَاآءَ وَقَدْ قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ (AZ, Az, S, &c.) (assumed tropical:) He came harassed, or distressed, or fatigued, and at the point of death: (AZ, Az:) or (tropical:) harassed, or distressed, by thirst, or by fatigue: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) in a state of intense thirst and hunger: (M:) said of a man: (S:) mentioned in the S in such a manner as [appears] to indicate that the verb has here the first of the significations mentioned in this art.; but this is not the case [as is shown in the S itself in art. ربط]. (TA.) See also 7. -A2- [Hence also,] قَرَضْتُ الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) I passed through, or across, the valley. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur, [xviii. 16,] وَاـِذَا غَرَبَتْ تَقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ (assumed tropical:) And when it [the sun] set, to leave them behind on the left; to pass by and beyond them, leaving them on its left: (S, K:) so explained by AO, or by A'Obeyd: (so accord. to different copies of the S,) to leave them and pass by them on the left; not falling upon them at all: (Jel:) or to turn aside, or away, from them, on the left: (Msb:) or to be over against them, on the left: from قَرَضْتُهُ, meaning حَذَوْتُهُ, i. e. I was over against him, or it; as also ↓ أَقْرَضْتُهُ. (JK.) And a man says to his companion, Hast thou passed by such and such a place? and the man asked says قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ لَيْلًا (assumed tropical:) [ I passed by it, leaving it behind, on the right, by night ]. (S.) The Arabs say, قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ, and ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ, and قُبُلًا, and دُبُرًا, (assumed tropical:) I was over against him, or it, on the right, and on the left, and before, and behind. (Fr.) You say also, قَرَضَ المَكَانَ, (M, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) (assumed tropical:) He turned aside, or away, from the place. (M, Msb, K.) And قَرَضَ فِى الأَرْضِ (assumed tropical:) He traversed the land. (Z.) And قَرَضَ فِى سَيْرِهِ, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) (assumed tropical:) He turned to the right and left in his going or journeying. (M, K.) And قَرِضَ, like سَمِعَ, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, passed away from a thing to another thing. (IAar, Sgh, L, K.) -A3- Hence also, (TA,) قَرَضَ الشِّعْرَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (S,) (tropical:) He said, spoke, uttered, or recited, poetry; or he poetized, or versified; syn. قَالَ الشِّعْرَ: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or he composed poetry according to rule: (Msb:) because poetry consists of cut feet: or because it is called قَرِيض as being likened to the cud: (A:) or because it is language cut out: (Msb:) or as being likened to a garment; as though the poet cut it and divided it into portions; although MF denies that this phrase is from قَرَضَ as signifying “ he cut: ” he has also assigned to قَرْضُ الشِّعْرِ a signification which belongs to تَقْرِيضٌ, q. v. (TA.) -A4- Hence also, قَرَضَهُ as syn. with قَارَضَهُ, q. v. (TA.)

2 قَرَّضَ see 1, first signification. -A2- تَقْرِيضٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The art of poetry: (M, TA:) or the criticism thereof; the picking out the faults thereof; and the discriminating, by consideration, of what is good thereof from what is bad, both expressed and speculative. (TA.) -A3- Also, like تَقْرِيظٌ; (assumed tropical:) The act of praising: or dispraising: (S, TA:) or it has both these contr. significations; (K, TA;) relating to good and to evil; whereas تقريظ relates only to praise and good. (TA.) You say, فُلَان يُقَرِّضُ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one praises his companion: or dispraises him. (S.)

3 قارضهُ ذ , inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ and قِرَاضٌ, (M,) [ He lent to him, and received from him, a loan: or it signifies, or signifies also,] i. q. أَقْرَضَهُ, q. v. (L, TA.) ― -b2- قِرَاضٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and مُقَارَضَةٌ, (S, A, K,) with the people of El-Hijáz, (TA,) also signify i. q. مُضَارَبَةٌ; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as though it were a contract for traversing the land [for traffic], (K,) from القَرْضُ فِى السَّيْرِ, or, as Z says, from القَرْضُ فِى الأَرْضِ, meaning “ the traversing the land, ” like as مضاربة is from الضَّرْبُ فِى الأَرْضِ; (TA;) and the form of the contract is what is shown by the following explanation. (K.) You say, قَارَضْتُهُ, (S, A, Mgh,) or قَارَضْتُهُ مِنَ المَالِ, (Msb,) I gave to him property (S, A, Mgh, K *) مُضَارَبَةً, (A, Mgh,) [i. e.] that he might traffic with it, on the condition that the gain should be between us, and the loss should fall upon the property. (S, K. [See also ضَارَبَهُ.]) ― -b3- قارضهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ, (TA,) also signifies (tropical:) He requited him; he compensated him; (S, K;) and so ↓ قَرَضَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. قَرْضٌ. (TA.) Hence the saying of Abu-l-Wardà, (TA,) اـِنْ قَارَضْتَ النَّاسَ قَارَضُوكَ وَاـِنْ تَرَكْتَهُمْ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوكَ وَاـِنْ هَرَبْتَ مِنْهُمْ أَدْرَكُوكَ (tropical:) (A, * TA) [ If thou requite men their evil deeds, they will requite thee; and if thou leave them, they will not leave thee; and if thou flee from them, they will overtake thee ]: meaning if thou do evil to them, they will do the like thereof to thee; and if thou leave them, thou wilt not be safe from them, for they will not let thee alone; and if thou revile them and injure them, they will revile thee and injure thee: he said this intending thereby to censure them: and it is from the signification of “ cutting. ” (TA.) [See also قَرْضٌ, below.] You say also, فُلَانٌ يُقَارِضُ النَّاسَ, inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ, (tropical:) Such a one accords, or agrees, with men. (A.) And قَارَضْتُهُ الزِّيَارَةَ (tropical:) [ I interchanged visiting with him ]. (A.)

4 اقرضهُ ذ He cut off for him a portion, to be requited, or compensated, for it. (Sgh, K.) [And hence,] He gave him, or granted him, a قَرْض [or loan, or the like ]; (S, M, A, * Mgh, * K;) and ↓ قَارَضَهُ signifies the same as اقرضهُ. (L, TA.) You say also, اقرضهُ المَالَ, (M, Msb,) وَغَيْرَهُ, (M,) [ He lent him the property, &c.; ] he gave him the property, &c., as a قَرْض; (M;) he gave him the property, [ &c., ] to demand its return. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur, [lxxiii. 20,] وَأَقْرِضُوا ا@للّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا [lit. And lend ye to God a good loan; meaning (assumed tropical:) give ye to God good service for which to be requited ]: (S, TA:) it is not here said اـِقْرَاضًا because the simple subst. [as distinguished from the inf. n.] is what is meant. (TA.) And again, in the same, [ii. 246, and lvii. 11,] مَنْ ذَا ا@لَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ا@للّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا, meaning, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, (assumed tropical:) [ Who is he who will offer unto God ] a good action or gift, or anything for which a requital may be sought? or, as Akh says, (assumed tropical:) Who will do a good action by following and obeying the command of God? (TA.) The Arabs say, قَدْ أَقْرَضْتَنِى قَرْضًا حَسَنًا (assumed tropical:) Thou hast done to me a good deed [ which I am bound to requite ]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., أَقْرِضٌ عِرْضَكَ لِيَوْمِ فَقْرِكَ (assumed tropical:) [ Lend thou thine honour for the day of thy poverty ]; meaning, when a man defames thee, do not thou requite him, but reserve his recompense undiminished for thee, as a loan for the payment of which he is responsible, that thou mayest receive it from him in the day of thy need thereof: (TA:) [but see عِرْضٌ.] ― -b2- [And hence,] أَقْرَضَنِى الشَّىْءَ He gave, or paid, to me the thing. (M.) -A2- مَا عَلَيْهِ مَا يُقْرِضُ عَنْهُ العُيُونَ فَيَسْتُرُهُ (assumed tropical:) [ There is not upon him what will turn aside, or away, from him the eyes, and cover him ]. (Ibn- 'Abbád, Sgh.) -A3- See alse 1, latter half.

6 تَقَاْرَضَ [تَقَارَضَا They lent and received loans, each to and from the other. ] -A2- [And hence,] هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ الخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ (assumed tropical:) [ They two interchanged good and evil, each with the other ]; (IKh, S, K;) as also يتقارظان: (IKh:) [but see the latter in its proper place.] And هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ المَدْحَ, (AZ,) or الثَّنَاآءَ, (A, Msb,) or الثَّنَاآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (TA,) [or بَيْنَهُمَا, (in the M, هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الثَّنَاآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ,)] (tropical:) They praise each other; (AZ, Msb;) as also يتقارظان: (AZ:) or they requite, or compensate, each other with praise. (TA.) And القِرْنَانِ يَتَقَارَضَانِ النَّظَرَ (assumed tropical:) The two opponents, or adversaries, look askance, with anger, each at the other: (S, K:) and يَتَقَارَضُونَ نَظَرًا (assumed tropical:) They look with enmity and vehement hatred, one at another. (TA.) And هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الزِّيَارَةَ (tropical:) [ They interchange visiting ]. (A.) El-Kumeyt, says, يَتَقَارَضُ الحَسَنَ الجَمِيلَ مِنَ التَّأَلُّفِ وَالتَّزَاوُرْ meaning, Interchanging what is good and comely, of sociable conduct and mutual visiting. (O.) ― -b2- El-Hasan El-Basree, being asked whether the companions of the Apostle of God used to jest, or joke, answered, (TA,) نَعَمْ وَيَتَقَارَضُونَ, (K, * TA,) i. e. Yes, and they used to recite poetry [ one to another ]: (TA:) from قَرِيضٌ as signifying “ poetry. ” (K.)

7 انقرضوا ذ (assumed tropical:) They passed away, or perished, [as though cut off,] (S, K,) all of them, (K,) not one of them remaining; (S;) as also ↓ قُرِضُوا [perhaps a mistake for قَرِضُوا: see 1]. (TA.)

8 اقترض ذ He received what is termed قَرْض [ a loan, or the like ], (S, Msb, K,) i. q. اِسْتَلَفَ; (A;) مِنْهُ from him. (S, A, K.) -A2- اقترض عِرْضَهُ (assumed tropical:) He defamed him, or spoke evil of him, behind his back or in his absence, or otherwise; syn. اِغْتَابَهُ: (K:) as though he cut off [somewhat] from his honour. (TA.)

10 استقرض مِنْ فُلَانٍ ذ , (S, Msb, *) or استقرضهُ, (A, Mgh,) He sought, or demanded, of such a one what is termed قَرْض [ a loan, or the like ]. (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb.) ― -b2- [And hence,] اِسْتَقْرَضْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I sought, or demanded, of him the gift, or payment [ in advance ], of the thing. (M.)

قَرْضٌ ذ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ قِرْضٌ; (Ks, S, M, K;) or, accord. to Th, the former is an inf. n., and the latter a simple subst., but this [says ISd] does not please me; (M;) or the former is an inf. n. used as a subst.; (Mgh;) or a subst. from أَقْرَضْتُهُ المَالَ; (Msb;) [ A loan: and the like: ] a piece of property which a man cuts off from his [ other ] articles of property, and which, itself, he receives back; [in rendering the explanation in the Mgh, for the words فَيُعْطِيه عينًا in my copy of that work; I read فَيُقْضَاهُ عَيْنًا, which makes this agreeable with explanations given in other works;] but what is due to the one from the other as a debt is not so called; (Mgh, [see دَيْنٌ;]) what one gives, (S, Msb, K,) to another, (Msb,) of property, (S, Msb,) to receive it back, (S, K,) or to demand it back: (Msb:) or a thing that one gives to be requited for it, or to receive it back: (TA in art. فرض:) or a thing of which men demand the payment [or restitution ], one of another: (M, L:) or a thing which a man gives, or (assumed tropical:) does, to be requited for it: (Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, and TA:) pl. قُرُوضٌ. (M, Msb.) You say, عَلَيْهِ قَرْضٌ [ He owes a loan ], and قُرُوضٌ [ loans ]. (A.) ― -b2- Hence, (S, TA,) (tropical:) What one does, in order to be requited it, of good, and of evil. (S, K, TA.) See three exs. above, under 4. The Arabs also say, قَدْ أَحْسَنْتَ قَرْضِى, meaning (assumed tropical:) Thou hast done to me a good deed [ which I am bound to requite ]. (TA.) And لَكَ عِنْدِى قَرْضٌ حَسَنٌ, and قَرْضٌ سَيِّئٌ (assumed tropical:) I owe thee a good deed, and an evil deed. (Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, and TA.)

قِرْضٌ ذ : see قَرْضٌ.

قَرِيضٌ ذ The cud: (Lth, A:) or what the camel returns [ to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach, ] of his cud; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَقْرُوضٌ: (S:) or it is applied to the cud (جِرَّة) of the camel, and signifies chewed: or, accord. to Kr, this is فَرِيضٌ, with ف. (M.) And hence, accord. to some, the saying حَالَ الجَرِيضُ دُونَ القَرِيضِ [explained in art. جرض]: but accord. to others, the last word in this saying has the signification next but one following. (S.) -A2- The sound, or voice, of a man in dying. (Er-Riyáshee, in TA, art. جرض.) -A3- (tropical:) Poetry: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) so called for one or another of the reasons mentioned under 1, last sentence but one; (A, Msb, TA;) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Msb:) El-Aghlab El-'Ijlee distinguishes between it and رَجَز. (IB.)

قُرَاضَةٌ ذ [ Cuttings; clippings; and the like; ] what falls by the action termed القَرْض; (S, A, * Mgh, * K;) as, for instance, of gold, (S, TA,) and of silver; and of a garment, or piece of cloth, which a tailor cuts with his shears; (TA;) and of this last, and of bread, (JK, TA,) &c., (TA,) by the gnawing (قَرْض) of a rat, or mouse: (JK, A, Mgh, TA:) pl. قُرَاضَاتٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] أَخَذَ الأَمْرَ بِقُرَاضَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He took the thing, or affair, in its fresh state. (M, L.) ― -b3- [Hence also,] قُرَاضَةُ المَالِ (assumed tropical:) [ The refuse, or] what is bad, vile, paltry, or of no account, of property. (TA.) ― -b4- قُرَاضَةٌ also relates to an evil action, and an evil saying, which one man directs against another. (TA.) [What is meant by this is not clear to me.]

قَرَّاضَةٌ ذ A certain creeping insect (دُوَيْبَّة) that eats wool. (TA.) ― -b2- [And hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) A man who defames others, or speaks evil of them, behind their backs, or otherwise; syn. مُغْتَابٌ لِلنَّاسِ. (TA.)

اِبْنُ مِقْرَضٍ ذ , (S, M, A, Msb,) [in one copy of the S, ابن مُقْرِضٍ, and in another, ابن مُقَرَّضٍ,] like مِقْوَد, (Msb,) [ A species of weasel; ] a certain small beast (دُوَيْبَّة), (S, M, Msb,) called in Persian دَلَهٌ, (S, Msb,) or دَلَّهٌ, (as in one copy of the S,) whence the arabicized word دَلَقٌ, (Msb,) which kills pigeons, (S, M, A,) seizing upon their throats, and it is a species of rat; (A;) the longbacked quadruped that kills pigeons: (Lth, O, Msb:) this last explanation is given by the author of the Bári', after saying that it is a small beast (دويبّة), like the cat, which is in houses, and, when angry, gnaws clothes: (Msb:) accord. to some, i. q. النِّمْسُ [q. v.]: (Msb:) pl. بَنَاتُ مِقْرَضٍ. (A, (Msb.)

مُقَرِّضَاتُ الأَسَاقِى ذ A [ kind of ] small creeping thing (دُوَيْبَّة), which makes holes in, and cuts, skins used for water or milk. (M.)

مِقْرَاضٌ ذ is the sing. of مَقَارِيضُ; (S, Msb, K;) and a pair thereof is called مِقْرَاضَانِ: (Msb, K:) the مِقْرَاض is [ A single blade of a pair of shears or scissors; ] a thing with which one [ shears, or clips, or] cuts; and when you speak of the two together, you do not say مِقْرَاضٌ, as the vulgar say, but مِقْرَاضَانِ; (Msb;) which last is syn. with جَلَمَانِ [ a pair of shears ]; a word, accord. to the lexicologists having no sing.; but Sb mentions مِقْرَاضٌ, thus using the sing. form: (M:) or مِقْرَاضٌ and مِقْرَاضَانِ signify the same; [ a pair of shears; ] like جلَمٌ and جَلَمَانِ, and قَلَمٌ and قَلَمَانِ: (Msb in art. جلم:) or مِقْرَاضٌ signifies جَلَمٌ صَغِيرٌ [ a small pair of shears; i. e. a pair of scissors ]: (JK:) 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd uses the expression شَفْرَتَا مِقْرَاضٍ [ the two blades of a pair of shears or scissors ] in a poem; (IB;) and other poets use the sing., مقراض: (TA:) and مِفْرَاصٌ, with ف and ص, signifies the same. (IB.) Hence the saying, لِسَانُ فُلَانِ مِقْرَاضُ الأَعْرَاضِ (tropical:) [ The tongue of such a one is the detractor of reputations ]. (TA.)

مَقْرُوضٌ ذ pass. part. n. of قَرَضَهُ. ― -b2- See قَرِيضٌ.

قِرْضِئٌ ذ One of the strange species of trees of the desert; (AA, O, K, TA;) a certain plant that attaches itself to trees, and wraps itself about them; (TA;) a species of plant (AHn, O, TA) the flower of which is yellower than the وَرْس, (AHn, O, K, TA,) and which grows at the base, or on the stem, of the سَلَم and سَمُر and عُرْفُط (O, TA) and the like: (O:) n. un. with ة. (O, K, TA.)

Q. 1 قَرْضَبَهُ ذ He cut it; (S, K;) and so قَرْصَبَهُ; (K in art. قرصب;) but the former is the more approved: (TA in that art.:) and [the inf. n.] قَرْضَبَةٌ signifies the cutting vehemently. (TA in the present art.) [See also قِرْضَابٌ, below; first sentence.] ― -b2- And He separated it; or separated it into several, or many parts; or dispersed it; i. e., a thing. (K.) ― -b3- And He collected it together; namely, flesh-meat in a cooking-pot: thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) ― -b4- And He ate it entirely; namely, flesh-meat: (K:) and in like manner, قَرْضَبَ الشَّاةَ, said of the wolf, he ate entirely the sheep, or goat. (TA.) And [the inf. n.] قَرْضَبَةٌ is said to signify The [ eating indiscriminately, ] not clearing, or freeing, the moist, or tender, from the dry, or tough, by reason of vehement voracity. (TA.) ― -b5- And قرضب said of a man, He ate a dry, or tough, thing. (S, O, K.) ― -b6- And He (a man) ran in the manner termed عَدْوٌ: (K:) or قَرْضَبَةٌ signifies [ a running ] such as falls short of what is termed عَدْوٌ. (O.)

قِرْضِبٌ ذ The refuse remaining in the sieve, that is thrown away. (O, K, TA.)

قِرْضَابٌ ذ A sharp sword; as also ↓ قُرْضُوبٌ: (O:) or both signify a very sharp sword; (K;) as also ↓ قُرَاضِبٌ: (TA in art. قرطب:) or the first signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (O,) a sharp sword, that cuts bones. (S, O.) Both the first and second of these words are compounded from قَرَضَ and قَضَبَ, which signify “ he cut. ” (O.) ― -b2- And One who eats much: (TA:) or, as also ↓ قُرْضُوبٌ and ↓ قِرْضَابَةٌ and ↓ قُرَاضِبٌ and ↓ مُقَرْضِبٌ, one who leaves nothing uneaten by him. (K, TA.) ― -b3- And A man who eats what is dry, or tough. (Th, S, O, K.) ― -b4- And القِرْضَابُ signifies The lion. (O, K.) ― -b5- And قِرْضَابٌ and ↓ قُرْضُوبٌ signify A thief, or robber: pl. قَرَاضِبَةٌ. (S, O, K.) And both words, (the latter, S, O, K, and the former also, K, TA,) sometimes, (S,) A poor man; (S, O, K, TA;) a pauper: (TA:) pl. as above. (K, TA.) ― -b6- مَا رَزَأْتُهُ قِرْضَابًا means I did not get, or obtain, or take, from him, or it, anything. (O, K.)