Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

شَتَّى ذ : see شَتٌّ, in seven places: ― -b2- and see also the last sentence of the following paragraph.

شَتَّانَ بَيْنُهُمَا ذ , (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) with damm to the ن of بين, (TA,) [ Different, or distinct, are they two: or widely different or distinct are they two: or how very, or widely, different or distinct, are they two! lit., the union of them two is severed: or the interval between them two is far-extending, or wide: or how greatly is the union of them two severed! as will be shown below.] AZ quotes, in his “ Nawádir, ” with بين in the nom. case, the following verse: شَتَّانَ بَيْنُهُمَا فِى كُلِّ مَنْزِلَةٍ هٰذَا يَخَافُ وَهٰذَا يَرْتَجِى أَبَدَا [ Different, or widely different, &c., are they two in every predicament: this fears, and this hopes, ever ]. (TA.) The mansoob form, however, is also employed (K, TA, but omitted in the CK) by some of the Arabs in the above-mentioned phrase, so that one says, شَتَّانَ بَيْنَهُمَا, مَا being understood, as though one said, شَتَّ الَّذِى بَيْنَهُمَا [meaning, as above explained, Different, or widely different, &c., are they two: lit., separated, or disunited, or severed, is that which is between them two: or far-extending, or wide, is the interval between them two: or how greatly separated, or severed, is the union between them two! ]: Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, وَشَتَّانَ بَيْنَكُمَا فِى النَّدَى وَفِى البَأْسِ وَالخُبْرِ وَالمَنْظَرِ [ And different, or widely different, &c., are ye two in munificence and in valour and internal state and external appearance ]. (TA.) In like manner also, [but with ما,] one says, شَتَّانَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا, (A, Msb, K,) accord. to Th. (TA.) This [as also, consequently, the same phrase without ما] is disallowed by As and IKt: IB, however, says that this phrase occurs in the verses of chaste Arabs: for instance, Abu-l-Aswad EdDuälee says, وَشَتَّانَ مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ اـِنَّنِى عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ أَسْتَقِيمُ وَتَظْلَعُ [ And different, or widely different, &c., are I and thou: for I, in every case, go erect, and thou haltest ]: and similar is the saying of El-Ba'eeth, وَشَتَّانَ مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ ا@بْنِ خَالِدٍ أُمَيَّةَ فِى الرِّزْقِ الَّذِى يَتَقَسَّمُ [ And different, or widely different, &c., are I and Ibn-Khálid Umeiyeh, with respect to the supplies for the wants of life that are divided among mankind ]. (TA.) One says also, شَتَّانَ مَا هُمَا; (S, A, K;) and شَتَّانَ مَا عَمْرٌو وَأَخُوهُ; (S, K;) Different, or distinct, or widely different, &c., are they two; and 'Amr and his brother: [lit., separate, or distinct, are they two; &c.: or remote are they two, one from the other; &c.:] or how greatly, or widely, are they two separated; &c.! (S, A, K:) here ما is redundant; and in the former phrase, هما is the agent of شتّان; as is the former of the two nouns, to which the latter noun is conjoined, in the latter phrase. (TA.) ElAashà says, شَتَّانَ مَا يَوْمِى عَلَى كُورِهَا وَيَوْمُ حَيَّانَ أَخِىجَابِرِ [ Different, or widely different, &c., are (or were ) my day upon her (the camel's) saddle, and the day of Heiyán the brother of Jábir: in which, for يَوْمِى and يَوْمُ, some read نَوْمِى and نَوْمُ]. (S, TA.) And in like manner, [but without ما,] one says, شَتَّانَ أَخُوهُ وَأَبُوهُ [ Different, or widely different, &c., are his brother and his father ]. (TA.) [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce دَائِمٌ, in art. دوم.] ― -b2- شَتَّانَ, is a preterite verbal noun, signifying اِفْتَرَقَ, [and so expl. above,] accord. to many authorities, [including most of the grammarians,] and therefore they have made it a condition that its agent must be what denotes more than one: [for اشترطوا فى فعله التردّد, I read اشترطوا فى فاعلهُ التعدّد, which agrees with what is afterwards said in the TA and here; though the former phrase may be so rendered as to convey essentially the same meaning: but this condition is not necessary if we render شتّان by بَعُدَ:] (TA:) or it signifies تَبَاعَدَ and اِفْتَرَقَ; (Ibn-Umm-Kásim;) or بَعُدَ; [and so expl. above;] (S, A, Msb, K;) and is inflected from شَتُتَ; (S, K;) [which is a verb not used; in the CK, incorrectly, شَتَتَ;] the fet-hah of the ن being the fet-hah originally pertaining to the [final] ت [of the verb]; and this fet-hah shows the word to be inflected from the preterite verb, like as سَرْعَانَ is from سَرُعَ, and وَشْكَانَ from وَشُكَ: (S:) or, accord. to Er-Radee, it implies wonder, [like several verbs of the measure فَعُلَ, as shown in remarks on هَيُؤَ &c.,] and means how greatly separated, disunited, or severed, &c.! (TA:) or, accord. to El-Marzookee and Hr and Zj and some others, it is an inf. n.: El-Marzookee says, in his Expos. of the Fs, that it is an inf. n. of a verb not used, [namely شَتُتَ,] and is indecl., with fet-hah for its termination, because it is put in the place of a pret. verb, being equivalent to شَتَّ, [for شَتُتَ,] i. e., تَشَتَّتَ أَوْ تَفَرَّقَ جِدًّا [as expl. above]: and Zj says that it is an inf. n. occupying the place of a verb, of the measure فَعْلَان, and therefore indecl., because differing thus from others of its class: Aboo-'Othmán El-Mázinee says that شَتَّان and سُبْحَان may receive tenween, whether they be substs, or occupying the place of substs.: upon which AAF observes that if شتّان be in its proper place, it is a verbal noun, meaning شَتَّ: if with tenween, it is indeterminate; if without tenween, determinate; and if translated from its office of a verbal noun, and made a subst. answering to التَّشْتِيتُ, and determinate, it is similar to سبحان in the phrase سُبْحَانَ مِنْ عَلْقَمَةَ الفَاخِرِ, which is a subst. answering to التَّنْزِيهُ. (TA.) The ن in شَتَّان (sometimes, TA) receives kesreh; (K;) though this is contr. to what is said by AZ and by IDrst: its being sometimes with kesreh is mentioned by Th, on the authority of Fr: and Er-Radee seems to infer that its being so was an opinion of As; and gives two reasons for his disallowal of the expression شتّان ما بين; first, because شتّان occurs with kesr to the ن; and second, because its agent cannot be otherwise than what denotes more than one: [but see what [...]

1 شَتِرَ ذ , aor. شَتَرَ , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. شَتَرٌ; (T, S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) and شُتِرَ; (S, K;) He (a man) had an inversion in the eyelid; (T, S;) seldom natural: (T:) or an inversion of, (A,) or in, (Msb,) the lower eyelid: (A, Mgh, Msb:) or an inversion of the eyelid above and below, (M, K,) or above or below, (Mgh,) and a contraction thereof: (M:) or a cracking thereof, (K,) so that the edge [for الخِتَار, in the TA, I read الحِتَار,] became separate: (Mgh, TA:) or a flaccidity of its lower part. (K.) ― -b2- And شَتِرَتِ العَيْنُ, and شُتِرَت, (K,) and ↓ انشترت, (S, K,) The eye had an inversion in the lid: (S:) [or in, or of, the lower lid: ] or an inversion of the lid above and below, (K,) and a contraction thereof: (TA:) or a cracking thereof, (K,) so that the edge became separate: (TA:) or a flaccidity of its lower part. (K.) ― -b3- And شَتِرَ, (TK,) inf. n. شَتَرٌ, (K,) He (a man) had his lower lip cracked. (K, * TA.) -A2- شَتَرَهُ, and ↓ اشترهُ, (S,) or the latter but not the former, (Sh, TA,) He caused him to have an inversion in the eyelid. (S.) ― -b2- And شَتَرَ العَيْنَ, (K,) aor. شَتِرَ , inf. n. شَتْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اشترها; and ↓ شتّرها; (K;) He caused the eye to have an inversion of the lid above and below, (K,) and a contraction thereof: (TA:) or a cracking thereof, (K,) so that the edge became separate: (TA:) or a flaccidity of its lower part. (K.) ― -b3- شَتْرٌ also signifies The cutting off of the lower eyelid: for which a quarter of the whole price of blood must be paid. (TA.) -A3- شَتِرَ بِهِ He reviled him; (K;) found fault with him; blamed him; or censured him; in verse or in prose: (TA:) and بِهِ ↓ شتّر, inf. n. تَشْتِيرٌ, he detracted from his reputation; found fault with him; blamed him; or censured him; (S, TA;) made him to hear what was bad, evil, abominable, or foul: (TA:) Sh says that it is شنّر, and he disallows ↓ شتّر: but IAar and AA say شتّر; and AM holds this to be correct. (TA.) [See also شذّر به.]

2 شَتَّرَ see 1, in three places.

4 أَشْتَرَ see 1, in two places.

7 اـِنْشَتَرَ see 1, second sentence.

أَشْتَرُ ذ A man having the affection of the eyelid described above, voce شَتِرَ: (S, A, Mgh, Msb:) or having the eyelid slit: (IAar, TA in art. شرم:) fem. شَتْرَاآءُ. (Msb.) ― -b2- A man having his lower lip cracked: and شَفَةٌ شَتْرَاآءُ a cracked lip. (TA.)

1 شَتَمَهُ ذ , (MA, Msb, K,) aor. شَتِمَ (Msb, K) and شَتُمَ , (K,) inf. n. شَتْمٌ (S, MA, Msb, K) and مَشْتَمَةٌ and مَشْتُمَةٌ, (K, TA,) the last of these [written مَشْتِمَة in the CK] with damm to the ت, or this and the next before it, though said to be inf. ns., may be simple substantives, as A'Obeyd inclines to think them, (TA,) He reviled him, vilified him, upbraided him, reproached him, defamed him, or gave a bad name to him; (S, * MA, K, TA;) syn. سَبَّهُ: (K, TA:) or, as some say, شَتْمٌ signifies [the addressing with ] foul speech, without قَذْف [here meaning the casting an accusation, though commonly used and expl. as syn. with شَتْمٌ]: (TA:) and ↓ شاتمهُ signifies the same as شَتَمَهُ, (MA, Msb,) being a rare instance of a verb of the measure فَاعَلَ denoting an act of a single agent when it has an unaugmented verb of the same radical letters [and the same signification], as صَادَمَهُ الحِمَارُ meaning صَدَمَهُ, and زَاحِمَهُ meaning زَحَمَهُ. (Msb.) Hence the saying, فَاـِنْ شُتِمَ فَلْيَعُلْ اـِنِّى صَائِمٌ [ And if he be reviled, let him say, Verily I am fasting ], which may mean that he should say this with his tongue, which is the more proper meaning, or mentally: or ↓ فَاـِنْ شُوتِمَ, which is allowable, though the former is the more proper. (Msb.) ― -b2- شاتمهُ فَشَتَمَهُ: see 3. -A2- شَتُمَ, aor. شَتُمَ , (S, K,) inf. n. شَتَامَةٌ (S, IB) and شَتَمٌ, (IB, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, S) was, or became, displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (S, K.) -A3- [شَتِمَ, trans. by means of ب, expl. by Golius as meaning He rejoiced at evils, or misfortunes, of an enemy, is, I doubt not, a mistake for شَمِتَ; though it might be supposed to be formed by transposition, like جَبَذَ from جَذَبَ.]

2 شتّم ذ , accord. to Reiske, said of a camel when haltered, and of a lion, as mentioned by Freytag, signifies (assumed tropical:) He was harsh, and surly, in countenance, and uttered a grumbling sound: if used, it must be شُتِّمَ, agreeably with the part. n., expl. below.]

3 مُشَاتَمَةٌ ذ is syn. with مُسَابَّةٌ, (S,) signifying The reviling, vilifying, upbraiding, reproaching, defaming, or giving a bad name to, each other: (KL:) and [in like manner] ↓ تَشَاتُمٌ is syn. with تَسَابٌّ, (S,) signifying as above [but used in relation to two persons and more than two]: (KL:) you say, شَاتَمَا and ↓ تَشَاتَمَا meaning تَسَابَّا [ They reviled, vilified, &c., each other ]: (K:) and ↓ تشاتموا They reviled, &c., one another; like تَسَابُّوا. (MA.) [شاتمهُ may therefore be rendered He reviled him, &c., being reviled, &c., by him: but sometimes it is syn. with شَتَمَهُ:] see 1, in two places. ― -b2- One says also, ↓ شَاتَمَهُ فَشَتَمَهُ, aor. شَتُمَ , meaning [ He vied, or contended, with him in reviling, vilifying, &c.,] and he overcame him [ therein, i. e.] in reviling, &c. (TA.)

5 تشتّم ذ is said by Freytag to signify He exposed himself to contumelies; on the authority of the Ham p. 310: but I there find only the part. n., مُتَشَتِّمٌ, signifying as expl. below: so that the verb, if used, means he became exasperated by reviling, vilifying, &c., and addressed, or applied, himself thereto. ― -b2- He also explains it as signifying (assumed tropical:) He contracted the face very austerely; on the authority of the Deewán of the Hudhalees.]

6 تَشَاْتَمَ see 3, in three places.

شِتَامٌ ذ : see the next paragraph.

شَتِيمٌ ذ : see مَشْتُومٌ. ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) Displeasing, or hateful, in countenance; (S, K;) applied to a man, and to a lion; (S;) and to an ass, as meaning thus, and foul, or ugly: (TA:) or to a lion as meaning (tropical:) grim-faced; or stern, austere, or morose, in countenance; as also ↓ مُشَتَّمٌ; and ↓ شَتَّامَةٌ; (K, TA;) the last like جَبَّانَةٌ [in measure, but in the CK written شَتامَة]. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ شَتِيمُ المُحَيَّا (assumed tropical:) Such a one is displeasing, or hateful, in countenance. (S.) -A2- Also, and ↓ شِتَامٌ, An obstruction (سُدَّة) of the fauces, combined with foulness, or ugliness, of face. (TA.)

شَتِيمَةٌ ذ a subst., (S, Msb, K, and Ksh in lxxiv. 41, [by Bd, in explaining the same passage of the Kur, improperly said to be an inf. n.,]) from شَتَمَهُ, (Msb, K,) in the sense of شَتْمٌ [meaning The act of reviling, vilifying, or upbraiding; reproach, obloquy, or contumely ]; (S, * and Ksh ubi suprà;) as also ↓ مَشْتَمَةٌ, and ↓ مَشْتُمَةٌ, or, as mentioned above, [see 1, first sentence,] these two are inf. ns. (TA.)

شَتَّامٌ ذ [One who reviles, &c., much ]. (Ham p. 310.)

شَتَّامَةٌ ذ One who reviles, &c., [ very ] much. (TA.) ― -b2- See also شَتِيمٌ.

[ شَاتِمٌ ذ act. part. n. of 1, Reviling, &c. ― -b2- It is also said by Golius, on the authority of the Mirkát el-Loghah, to signify Rejoicing at another's evils, or misfortunes: but this I believe to be a mistake for شَامِتٌ: see 1, last sentence.]

الاشتيام ذ , with kesr, [which seems to indicate that it is الاـِشْتِيَامُ,] is expl. by IB as meaning رئيس الركاب [app. رَئِيسُ الرُّكَّابِ The headman, or master, of the riders: but whence this is derived I know not, unless it be arabicized, from the Pers. أُسْتَا يَام (if there be such an appellation), meaning “ the master of the post-horse ”]. (TA.)

مَشْتَمَةٌ ذ and مَشْتُمَةٌ: see شَتِيمَةٌ.

مُشَتَّمٌ ذ : see شَتِيمٌ; and see also مُشَبَّمٌ.

مَشْتُومٌ ذ Reviled, vilified, upbraided, reproached, defamed, or called by a bad name: and so with ة applied to a female, as also ↓ شَتِيمٌ; (K, TA;) this last, without ة, mentioned on the authority of Lh. (TA.)

مُتَشَتِّمٌ ذ Exasperated by reviling, &c., and addressing, or applying, himself thereto. (Ham p. 310: there expl. by the words متحكك بالشتم ومعترض له [i. e. مُتَحَكِّكٌ بِالشَّتْمِ وَمُعْتَرِضٌ لَهُ: see 5].)

1 شَتَا الشِّتَاآءُ ذ , aor. يَشْتُو, inf. n. شتو [app. شُتُوٌّ, The winter commenced: like as one says, رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, inf. n. رُبُوعٌ]. (TA.) ― -b2- And شَتَا اليَوْمُ, aor. as above, The day was, or became, intensely cold. (Msb.) ― -b3- And شَتَا بِهِ, (K,) and شَتَوْتُ بِهِ, (S,) and شَتَوْنَا بِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. شَتْوٌ, (Msb,) He, and I, and we, remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, Msb, K,) during the شِتَاآء [or winter, &c.], (S,) or during a شِتَاآء, (Msb, K,) in it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (S, Msb,) or a country or town; (K;) as also ↓ شتّى, (K,) inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تشتّى, (S, K,) said by AZ to be from الشِّتَاآءُ, like تَصَيَّفَ from الصَّيْفُ: (TA:) [and all are also app. trans. in this sense without a prep.:] or, as some say, شَتَا الصَّيَّانَ means he re- mained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the صَمَّان [q. v., meaning a particular place and also a particular sort of place,] in the شِتَاآء; and ↓ تَشَتَّاهَا, he pastured [ his cattle ] therein in the شِتَاآء. (TA.) ― -b4- And شَتَا القَوْمُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) The people, or party, experienced drought, or barrenness, or dearth, in the شِتَاآء; as also ↓ أَشْتَوْا. (K.) ― -b5- See also 4. -A2- شَتِىَ, like رَضِىَ [in measure], He was smitten by the شِتَاآء. (IKtt, TA.)

2 شتّى ذ , inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ: see 1. ― -b2- One says also, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يُشَتِّينِى This thing will suffice me for my شِتَاآء [or winter, &c.]. (S.)

3 عَامَلَهُ مُشَاتَاةً ذ (S, K) and شِتَاآءً (K) [ He bargained with him for work by, or for, the season called شِتَاآء]; and in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ [ He hired him, or took him as a hireling ]: (TA:) from الشِّتَاآءُ [i. e. the subst.]; (S;) like مُرَابَعَةً from الرَّبِيعُ, &c.: (TA in art. ربع:) شِتَاآءً being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., not as an adv. n. [of time]. (TA.)

4 أَشْتَوْا ذ , (S, K,) and أَشْتَيْنَا, (Msb,) They, and we, entered the [ season called ] شِتَاآء; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ شَتَوْنَا signifies the same as اشتينا in this sense. (Ham p. 117.) ― -b2- See also 1, near the end.

5 تَشَتَّوَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

شَتًا ذ A rough, or rugged, place. (K.) ― -b2- And The صَدْر [i. e. higher, or upper, part, or front, or fore part, ] of a valley. (Az, K.)

شَتْوَةٌ ذ : see شِتَاآءٌ, in three places.

شَتْوِىٌّ ذ and شَتَوِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) like خَرْفِىٌّ and خَرَفِىٌّ, (S,) [signifying Of, or relating to, the season called شِتَاآء,] are rel. ns. of شِتَاآءٌ (S, Msb, K) regarded as pl. of شَتْوَةٌ: (Msb:) or it may be that they formed the rel. n. from شَتْوَةٌ, and discarded that of شِتَاآءٌ; as is said in the M: (TA:) or those who regard شِتَاآءٌ as a sing. make its rel. n. to be ↓ شِتَائِىٌّ and ↓ شِتَاوِىٌّ. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- الشَّتَوِىُّ, (S, K,) thus with fet-h to the ش and ت, (K,) signifies also The rain of the [ season called ] شِتَاآء; and so ↓ الشَّتِىُّ; (S, K;) the latter occurring in a verse (S, TA) of En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab. (TA.) [See the latter of the tables inserted voce زَمَنٌ; and see also نَوْءٌ.] ― -b3- Also The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep and goats in the [ season called ] رَبِيع [by which is here meant the season called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ, commencing in January and ending in March: see the former of the two tables mentioned above]: (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ [q. v.]:) [and in like manner, of camels; for] شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ and ↓ شَتِىٌّ are applied to the young camel brought forth by her that is termed ↓ مُشْتٍ, meaning مُرْبِعٌ [i. e. that brings forth in the ( season called ) رَبِيع]. (TA.)

شِتَاآءٌ ذ a word of well-known meaning [in the sense in which it is most commonly used, i. e. Winter ]; (S;) one of the quarters [ of the circle ] of the seasons; (K;) and ↓ شَاتَاةٌ signifies the same; (Sgh, K;) [and so does ↓ شَتِيَّةٌ; (see an ex. voce رِبْعِىٌّ;)] and so does ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (Msb, TA:) [also the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox: ] ISk says, السَّنَةُ is with the Arabs a name for twelve months: then they divided it into two halves, and commenced the سَنَة [or year] at the commencement of the شِتَاآء because this word is masc. and the word صَيْف [meaning in this case the “ half-year commencing at the vernal equinox ”] is fem.: then they divided the شِتَاآء into two halves; the شتوى being the former; and the ربيع, the latter; [but this is a manifest mistake, probably attributable to a copyist; for, as is well known, the former half is called the رَبِيع; and the latter, the شِتَاآء or ↓ شَتْوَة;] each consisting of three months; and in like manner the صَيْف and the قَيْظ consist, each, of three months: (TA:) also one of the six seasons into which the year is divided, each whereof consists of two months; namely, the season [ commencing in November and ending in January, ] next after that called الخَرِيفُ: (S and K voce رَبِيعٌ: [see this word; and see, again, the former of the two tables mentioned above:]) accord. to Mbr, (S,) شِتَاآءٌ is pl. of ↓ شَتْوَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) it is said to be so by IF on the authority of Kh, and by some on the authority of Fr or some other: or شِتَاآءٌ and ↓ شَتْوَةٌ signify the same, (K,) as is said in the M; (TA;) [i. e.] some say that الشِّتَاآءُ is a proper name for the quarter [&c.]: (Msb:) the pl. is أَشْتِيَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. pl. of شِتَاآءٌ, (S, Msb,) because أَفْعِلَةٌ, as pl. of فِعَالٌ, is peculiar to a masc. [noun]; (Msb;) and شُتِىٌّ also, (K, TA,) originally أُشْتُوىٌ [a mistake for شُتُوىٌ], written in the Tekmileh شِتِىٌّ, as on the authority of Fr.: (TA:) the pl. of its syn. ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ is مَشَاتٍ. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also, i. e. شِتَاآءٌ, Hail, syn. بَرَدٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK بَرْدٌ,]) that falls from the sky. (TA.) ― -b3- And Drought, or dearth: (K, and Ham pp. 117 and 150:) this meaning being assigned to the شتاآء exclusively of the صَيْف because in it the people keep to the tents, not going forth to seek after herbage. (TA.)

شَتِىٌّ ذ : see شَتْوِىٌّ, in two places.

شَتِيَّةٌ ذ : see شِتَاآءٌ [with which it is syn.].

شِتَائِىٌّ ذ and شِتَاوِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ.

شَاتٍ ذ Entering the شِتَاآء, which, with them, [i. e. the Arabs, and app. in this case,] means [a season of ] drought, or dearth. (Ham pp. 149-50.) ― -b2- يَوْمٌ شَاتٍ A day intensely cold: (Msb:) or a day in which is بَرَد [i. e. hail (accord. to the CK بَرْد)]; and in like manner غَدَاةٌ شَاتِيَةٌ [ a morning in which is hail ]. (K, TA.)

شَاتَاةٌ ذ : see its syn. شِتَاآءٌ.

مَشْتًى ذ The place [ in which one resides, stays, dwells, or abides, during the season ] of the شِتَاآء [or winter, &c.]; as also ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (K:) pl. مَشَاتٍ. (TA.)

مُشْتٍ ذ : see شَتْوِىٌّ, last sentence. ― -b2- It is said in a trad., as some relate it, وَالنَّاسُ مُرْمِلُونَ مُشْتُونَ, meaning The people being in a state of straitness, or dearth, and hunger, and paucity of milk: but IAth says that the reading commonly known is مُسْنِتُونَ. (TA.)

مَشْتَاةٌ ذ : see شِتَاآءٌ, in two places: ― -b2- and مَشْتًى.

شَثٌّ ذ A species of tree, (As, IDrd, ISd, Msb,) of those that grow upon the mountains, (As,) or a certain plant, (S, K,) of sweet odour, (S, Msb, K,) but bitter to the taste, (S, Msb,) with which one tans, (S, K,) growing in the mountains of El-Ghowr (ADk, Msb) and Tihámeh and Nejd; (ADk;) a kind of tree like the dwarf-apple-tree, (AHn, Mgh,) in size, (AHn,) the leaves of which are like those of the خِلَاف [q. v.], (AHn, Mgh,) and are used for tanning therewith, (Mgh,) without thorns, and having a small rose-coloured [ fruit of the kind called ] بَرَمَة, in which are three or four black grains, resembling the شِينِيز [q. v.], which, when scattered, are eaten by the pigeons: n. un. with ة. (AHn:) the word occurs in a trad. as the name of a tan: Az says that it is a mistake for شَبّ, though he knew not whether the شَثّ were used for tanning, or not: (TA:) [Mtr, however, says that] شِبّ is a mistake in this case, for it is a species of زَاج, and is a dye, not a tan: (Mgh:) accord. to some, (TA,) the شَثّ is the wild nut (جَوْزُ البَرِّ). (K [in which this last is mentioned as a distinct signification] and TA.) [See also شَبٌّ.] -A2- The honey-bee. (AA, K.) -A3- A broken portion of the head of a mountain, remaining in a form like the [ kind of acroterial ornament of a wall called ] شُرْفَة: pl. شِثَاثٌ. (K.) -A4- Also Many, or much, of anything. (TA.)

1 شَجَّهُ ذ , aor. شَجُ3َ and شَجِ3َ , (S, Msb, K,) the former reg., (Msb,) [the latter irreg.,] inf. n. شَجٌّ, (S, Msb,) He broke it, [ so as to cleave its skin or its flesh, ] namely, another's head: (S, * K, TA:) or he clave his skin of the face or of the head; or he clave its skin, i. e. the skin of the face or of the head: (Msb:) originally he struck it, namely, the head, so as to wound it and cleave it [ in the skin or flesh thereof ]; and then used in relation to other members: (TA:) or شَجَّهُ فِى رَأْسِهِ and فِى وَجْهِهِ [ he wounded him so as to cleave the skin or the flesh in his head and in his face ]. (A.) Accord. to some, [contr. to the authority of the A,] it is from شَجَّتِ السَّفِينَةُ البّحْرَ [expl. below]. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] it is said in a prov., فُلَانٌ يَشُجُّ بِيَدٍ وَيَأْسُو بِأُخْرَى [ Such a one breaks a head with one hand and cures with another ]; meaning (assumed tropical:) such a one corrupts, or mars, one time, and rectifies, or repairs, another time. (TA.) And زَيْدٌ يَشُجُّ مَرَّةً وَيَأْسُو مَرَّةً (tropical:) Zeyd does, or says, wrong one time, and right one time. (A, TA.) ― -b3- And شَجَّتِ السَّفِينَةُ البَحْرَ (tropical:) The ship clave the sea: (S, A, L, Msb:) and [in like manner] شَجَّ البَحْرَ (tropical:) he clave the sea; (K, TA;) said of a swimmer. (TA.) And شَجَّ المَفَازَةَ (tropical:) He traversed the desert. (S, A, K.) And شَجَّ الأَرْضَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He traversed the land, with his camel that he rode, at a vehement rate. (TA.) ― -b4- And شَجَّ الشَّرَابَ, (K, TA,) or شَجَّ الخَمْرَ بِالمَاآء, aor. شَجُ3َ and شَجِ3َ , inf. n. شَجٌّ, [as above,] (TA,) (tropical:) He mixed the beverage, or the wine, (K, TA,) with water. (TA.) Hence, فَكَانَ يَشُِجُّ عَلَىَّ مِسْكًا, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) And it was as though it mixed with her odour of musk the breath of wind that reached my organ of smell. (TA.)

2 تَشْجِيجٌ ذ [The breaking of another's head much, so as to cleave the skin or the flesh: or the breaking of heads so as to cleave the skin or the flesh. ― -b2- And hence, perhaps,] (assumed tropical:) The acting with penetrative energy, vigour, or effectiveness; syn. تَصْمِيمٌ. (O, K.)

3 بَيْنَهُمْ شِجَاجٌ ذ (A, O, K) and ↓ تَشَاجٌّ (A, TA) Between them is a mutual breaking of heads. (A, O, K, TA. [In the CK, شَجَاجٌ is erroneously put for شِجَاجٌ.])

6 تَشَاْجَ3َ see what next precedes.

شَجَّةٌ ذ A single act of breaking of one's head [ so as to cleave its skin or its flesh ]. (TA.) ― -b2- And A wound by which the head is broken (S, * A, * L, Msb) so as to cleave its skin or its flesh: (L:) and [ such ] a wound in the face: (A, * Msb:) pl. شِجَاجٌ (S, A, L, Msb) and شَجَّاتٌ. (Msb.) What are termed شِجَاج are of ten different kinds, (A, L,) distinguished by the following epithets: [1] حَارِصَةٌ, which peels off the [external] skin, but does not bring blood: [2] دَامِيَةٌ, which brings blood: [3] بَاضِعَةٌ, [which cleaves the flesh slightly, and brings blood, but does not make it to flow: (but in art. دمغ, voce دَامِغَةٌ, q. v., what are here mentioned as the second and third are transposed:) 4, مُتَلَاحِمَةٌ,] which cleaves the flesh much: [5] سِمْحَاقٌ, which leaves between it and the bone only a thin skin: these are five شجاج for which there is no retaliation nor any determinate mulct, but respecting which a judge must give his sentence: [6] مُوضِحَةٌ, which reaches to the bone, and for which the mulct is five camels: [7] هَاشِمَةٌ, which breaks the bone, and for which the mulct is ten camels: [8] مُنَقِّلَةٌ, from which bone is removed, from one place to another, and for which the mulct is fifteen camels: [9] مَأْمُومَةٌ, also called اآمَّةٌ, which leaves between it and the brain only a thin skin, and for which the mulct is one third of the whole price of blood: [10] دَامِغَةٌ, which reaches the brain, and for which the mulct is also one third of the whole price of blood. (L.) The شَجَّة of 'Abd-El-Hameed, [who was the goodliest man of his age,] the son of 'Abd-Allah the son of 'Omar the son of El-Khattáb, was the subject of a prov. on account of its beauty [and is said to have increased his goodliness]. (MF.)

شَجَجٌ ذ The mark, or scar, of a wound by which the forehead has been broken. (S, * A, K, * TA.)

شَجَجَى ذ The عَقْعَق [or magpie ]; (K, TA; omitted in the CK;) [and] so ↓ شَجَوْجًى. (K and TA in art. شجو.)

شَجِيجٌ ذ and ↓ مَشْجُوجٌ A head broken [ so that its skin or its flesh is cloven ]: or a man having his head [ so ] broken: (S, TA:) pl. [of the former] شَجَّى: you say قَوْمٌ شَجَّى. (AZ, TA.) ― -b2- Each is also applied as an epithet to a wooden peg or stake [as meaning (assumed tropical:) Having its head broken, or mangled, by blows ]: and so is ↓ مُشَجَّجٌ, but in an intensive sense. (S, L.) ― -b3- And both the first and ↓ last signify (tropical:) A wooden peg or stake; (A, TA;) each as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: because its head is separated, or uncompacted, in its component parts [or fibres by its being battered]. (TA.) One says, مَا بِالدَّارِ شَجِيجٌ and ↓ مُشَجَّجٌ (tropical:) There is not in the house [even] a wooden peg or stake. (A, TA.)

شَجَوْجًى ذ : see شَجَجَى.