Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

دِيمَةٌ ديمه ديمة : see art. دوم.

دَيْمُومٌ ديموم and دَيْمُومَةٌ: see arts. دم and دوم.

دَيَّومٌ ديوم : see دَائِمٌ, in art. دوم.

أَرْضٌ مَدِيمَةٌ ذ and مُدَيَّمَةٌ: see art. دوم.

1 دَانَ دان داني , (IAar, S, K, TA,) aor. يَدِينُ, (IAar, M, K, TA,) [inf. n. دِينٌ, (which see below,) in this and most of the other senses, or the inf. n. is دَيْنٌ, and دِينٌ is a simple subst.,] He was, or became, obedient; he obeyed: (IAar, S, M, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: or, as some say, the primary signification is the following; namely, he was, or became, abased and submissive: (IAar, * K, * TA:) or he was, or became, abased and enslaved and obedient. (S.) You say, دَانَ لَهُ, (S,) and دِنْتُ لَهُ and دِنْتُهُ, (M, TA,) He, and I, was, or became, obedient to him [&c.], or obeyed him [&c.]. (S, M, TA.) And دِنْتُهُ, (M, K,) aor. أَدِينُهُ, (K,) I served him, did service for him, or ministered to him, and acted well to him. (M, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] He became [ a servant of God, or] a Muslim. (TK.) You say, دَانَ بِا@لْاـِسْلَامِ, inf. n. دِينٌ, with kesr, [and دِيَانَةٌ,] He became, or made himself, a servant of God by [ following the religion of ] El-Islám; [i. e. he followed El-Islám as his religion; ] and so ↓ تديّن. (Msb.) And دَانَ بِكَذا, (S,) and دِنْتُ بِهِ, (M, K,) inf. n. دِيَانَةٌ [and دِينٌ]; and به ↓ تديّن, [and تديّنتُ به; He, and I, followed such a thing as his, and my, religion; ] (S, TA;) from دِينٌ as signifying “ obedience. ” (S.) And دان بِدِينِهِمْ He followed them in their religion; agreed with them, or was of one mind or opinion with them, upon, or respecting, their religion; took, or adopted, their religion as his. (TA.) And the trad. of 'Alee, مَحَبَّةُ العُلَمَاآءُ دِينٌ يُدَانُ ا@للّٰهُ بِهِ [ The love of the learned is a kind of religion with which God is served ]. (TA.) In the phrase وَ لَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الحَقِّ [ Nor follow the religion of the truth, or the true religion ], in the Kur ix. 29, El-Islám is meant. (Jel.) -A2- Also He was, or became, disobedient; he disobeyed: and he was, or became, mighty, potent, powerful, or strong; or high, or elevated, in rank, condition, or state; noble, honourable, glorious, or illustrious. (IAar, T, K.) Thus it bears significations contr. to those mentioned in the first part of this paragraph. (MF.) -A3- Also, (S, M, Msb, K,) first pers. دِنْتُ, (T, M8gh,) aor. as above, (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. دَيْنٌ, (S, Msb,) from المُدَايَنَةُ, (Msb, [see 3,]) i. q. أَخَذَ الدَّيْنَ, (IKt, M, Msb, K,) or [rather] أَخَذَ دَيْنًا, (T,) [ He took, or received, a loan, or the like; he borrowed: or he took, or received, or bought, upon credit; which is the meaning generally obtaining: and ↓ اِدَّانَ and ↓ أَدَانَ and ↓ استدان and ↓ تديّن signify [in like manner] أَخَذَ دَيْنًا: (K:) or the first, i. e. دان, signifies he sought, or demanded, a loan, or the like; (ISk, S, Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ ادّان and ↓ استدان: (S, Mgh:) and he became indebted, in debt, or under the obligation of a debt: (S:) and ↓ ادّان and ↓ أَدَانَ and ↓ استدان signify أَخَذَ بِدَيْنٍ [ he took, or received, by incurring a debt; i. e. he took, or received, or bought, upon credit; like أَخَذَ دَيْنًا]; (M;) or the first and last of these three signify أَخَذَ الدَّيْنَ, and اِقْتَرَضَ [which means the same]: but ↓ أَدَانَ signifies he gave, or granted, what is termed دَيْنٌ [meaning a loan, or the like: or he gave, or granted, or sold, a thing upon credit ]: (TA:) accord. to Esh-Sheybánee, this last verb signifies he became entitled to a debt from others [or from another ]: Lth says that it (أَدَانَ) signifies he was, or became, such as is termed مُسْتَدِينٌ; [i. e. it is syn. with استدان, as it is said to be in the M and K;] but [Az says,] this, which has been mentioned on the authority of some one or more by Sh, is in my opinion a mistake; أَدَانَ means he sold upon credit; or became entitled to a debt from others [or from another ]; (T, TA;) or he sold to persons upon a limited credit, or for payment at an appointed period, so that he became entitled to a debt from them: (S:) and accord. to Sh, ↓ ادّان signifies he became much in debt. (T, TA.) El-Ahmar cites the following verse of El-'Ojeyr Es-Saloolee: نَدِينُ وَيَقْضِى ا@للّٰهُ عَنَّا وَقَدْ نَرَى مَصَارِعَ قَوْمٌ لَا يَدِينُونَ ضُيَّعِ [ We incur debt, and God pays for us; and sometimes, or often, we see the places of overthrow of a people, who incur not debt, in a state of perdition ]: in the S [and the T] ضُيَّعَا; but correctly as above; for the whole of the قَصِيدَة is مَخْفُوضَة. (IB, TA.) And it is said in a trad., مُعْرِضًا ↓ اِدَّانَ, (S, K,) or, as some relate it, دَانَ, (K,) He bought upon credit, or borrowed, or sought or demanded a loan, of whomsoever he could, addressing himself to such as came in his way: (S, TA:) or both mean he bought upon credit avoiding payment: or he contracted a debt with every one who presented himself to him: (K, TA: [see also other explanations voce مُعْرِضٌ:]) ↓ ادّان signifies he bought upon credit: (K:) or [thus and also] the contr., i. e. he sold upon credit. (T, K.) ― -b2- It is also trans.; and so is ↓ أَدَانَ. (Msb.) You say, دِنْتُهُ, (M, Mgh, K, [in the CK دِينَةٌ is here put for دِنْتُهُ,]) inf. n. دَيْنٌ; (TA;) and ↓ أَدَنْتُهُ (M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. اـِدَانَةٌ; (TA;) I gave him, or granted him, to a certain period, what is termed دَيْنٌ [meaning the loan, or the like; I lent to him: or I gave him, or granted him, credit; or sold to him, upon credit ]: (M, K, TA:) so that he owed a debt: (TA:) and i. q. أَقْرَضْتُهُ [ I gave him, or granted him, a loan, or the like ]; (M, * Mgh, K;) as also ↓ دَيَّنْتُهُ: (Mgh:) or دِنْتُهُ has this last meaning: (A 'Obeyd, S, M:) and ↓ أَدَنْتُهُ signifies I sought, or demanded, of him a loan, or the like; syn. اِسْتَقْرَضْتُ مِنْهُ; as also ↓ اِسْتَدَنْتُهُ: (M:) or دِنْتُهُ has each of the last two meanings: (A 'Obeyd, T, Msb:) and signifies also I received from him a loan, or the like. (K.) And one says, ↓ أَدِنِّى عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ meaning Lend thou to me ten dirhems. (S, TA.) -A4- دانهُ, (S,) first pers. دِنْتُهُ, (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. دِينٌ (S, M, K) and دَيْنٌ, (M, K,) or the latter is the inf. n. and [...]

2 ديّنهُ دين دينه دينة , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَدْيِينٌ, (S, K,) He left him to his religion; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) left him and his religion, not opposing him in that which he held allowable in his belief. (Msb.) ― -b2- He believed him: so in the saying, ديّنهُ فِى القَضَاآءِ [ He believed him in respect of the judgment, or judicial decision ], (T, M, Mgh, *) and فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ا@للّٰهَ [ in respect of what was between him and God ]: (T, M:) but this is a conventional signification used by the professors. (Mgh.) ― -b3- دَيَّنْتُ الحَالِفَ (T, TA) I confirmed the swearer (قَوَّيْتُهُ [so in the TA, but in the T بَرَّيْتُهُ, app. for بَرَّأْتُهُ, I held him, or pronounced him, to be clear, or quit, if not a mistranscription for قَوَّيْتُهُ,]) in that which he swore. (T, TA.) -A2- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A3- دَيَّنْتُهُ القَوْمَ I made him ruler, governor, or manager of the affairs, of the people, or company of men. (M.) And ديّنهُ الشَّىْءَ, (T, * TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made him to possess the thing: to own it; or to exercise, or have, authority over it. (T, * TA.) El-Hotei-ah says, (T, S, M,) addressing his mother, (T,) لَقَدْ دُيِّنْتِ أَمْرَ بَنِيكِ حَتَّى تَرَكْتِهِمُ أَدَقَّ مِنَ الطَّحِينِ (T, S, M,) meaning مُلِّكْتِ [i. e. Verily thou hast been made to have the ordering of the affairs of thy sons until thou hast rendered them finer than flour ]. (T, S.) And hence the saying, يُدَيَّنُ الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَهُ i. e. يُمَلَّكُ [ The man shall be made to have the ordering of his affair, or affairs, or case ]. (Sh, T.)

3 دَايَنْتُهُ داينته داينتة , (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. مُدَايَنَةٌ and دِيَانٌ, (TA,) I dealt, or bought and sold, with him upon credit; (A, TA;) I dealt, or sold and bought, with him, giving upon credit and taking upon credit: (S, TA:) or I lent to him; or I gave him, or granted him, a loan, or the like; and he did so to me: (M, K:) or I dealt with him upon credit, giving or taking. (Ksh * and Bd in ii. 282.) -A2- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph. -A3- Each of the inf. ns. mentioned above is also syn. with مُحَاكَمَةٌ [The summoning another to the judge, and litigating with him: &c.]. (TA.)

4 ادان أدان أدنى ادان دانى , inf. n. اـِدَانَةٌ; as an intrans. v.: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in three places. ― -b2- As a trans. v.: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in four places. ― -b3- [The following significations, namely, “ Subegit, ” and “ Pensavit, ” assigned to this verb by Golius as on the authority of the KL, and “ Voluit sibi esse servum, ” and “ Servum cepit, ” followed by an accus., assigned to it by him as on the authority of the S, I do not find in either of those works.]

5 تديّن أدان دان تدين تدينن ودى : see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in three places.

6 تَدَايَنُوا داين تداين تداينوا They sold and bought, one with another, upon credit; and in like manner تَدَايَنَا is said of two persons: (S:) or they took, or received, or bought, upon credit [app. one of another ]: and so اِدَّايَنُوا [which is a variation of the former]. (M.) اـِذَا تَدَيَنْتُمْ بِدَيْنٍ, in the Kur ii. 282, means When ye deal, one with another, (Ksh, Bd, Jel, Msb,) upon credit, giving or taking, (Ksh, * Bd,) or by prepayment, (Jel, Msb,) or lending or the like, (Jel,) &c. (Msb.)

8 اِدَّانَ أدان أدنى ادان دانى , originally اِدْتَانَ: see 1, in six places.

10 استدان استدان ٱستدان , as an intrans. v.: see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in three places. ― -b2- استدانهُ He sought, or demanded, of him what is termed دَيْنٌ [meaning a debt ]: and also i. q. اِسْتَقْرَضَ مِنْهُ. (M.) See 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

دَيْنٌ دان دين [is an inf. n. of 1: ― -b2- and is also a simple subst., and] properly signifies [ A debt; such as] the price of a thing sold [ which the purchaser is under an obligation to pay ]; and a dowry [ which one engages to pay ]: and a loan, or the like; syn. قَرْض: (Msb:) or it is [ a debt ] such as has an appointed time of falling due: what has not such an appointed time is [properly, but not always,] termed قَرْضٌ: (K:) and ↓ دِينَةٌ signifies the same as دَيْنٌ (T, M, K) in the sense above explained: (K:) a valid دَينْ (دَينٌ صَحِيحٌ) is such as does not become annulled save by payment, or by one's being declared clear, or quit: compensation in the case of a contract which a slave makes with his owner to pay him a certain sum as the price of himself and on the payment thereof to be free is not a valid دَيْن, because it may become annulled without payment, and without his being declared clear, or quit; that is, by the slave's being unable to pay it: (KT:) in the language of the law, but not in the proper language, دَيْنٌ is also applied to (assumed tropical:) [ a debt incurred by ] a thing taken unjustly, injuriously, or by violence; as being likened to a دَيْن properly so called: (Msb:) and it signifies also anything that is not present: [app. meaning anything to be paid, or done, at a future time: ] (M, K:) the pl. [of pauc.] is أَدْيُنٌ (Lh, M, K) and [of mult.] دُيُونٌ (S, M, K) [and in the CK is added and دِينَةٌ, with kesr; but this is a mistranscription for دِنْتُهُ, as syn. with أَدَنْتُهُ, which follows it, connected therewith by وَ]: the pl. of ↓ دِينَةٌ is دِيَنٌ. (TA.) You say, مَا أَكْثرَ دَيْنَهُ and ↓ دِينَتَهُ [ How great in amount. is his debt! ]; both meaning the same. (AZ, T.) And ↓ جِئْتُ لِطَلَبِ الدِّينَةِ i. e. الدَّيْنِ [ I came for the demanding of the debt ]. (AZ, T.) And عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ [ On him lies a debt; i. e. he owes a debt ]: and لَهُ دَيْنٌ [ To him is due a debt; i. e. he has a debt owed to him ]. (S, TA.) And اِشْتَرَى بِالدَّيْنِ [ He bought upon credit ]: (K:) and أَخَذَ الدَّيْنَ (IKt, M, Msb, K) or [rather] أَخَذَ دَيْنًا [signifies the same; or he took, or received, upon credit: or he took, or received, a loan, or the like; he borrowed ]: (T, K:) and أَخَذَ بِدَيْنٍ [likewise signifies the same; or he took, or received, by incurring a debt ]. (M.) And بَاعَ بِالدَّيْنِ [ He sold upon credit ]: (K:) and بِعْثُهُ بِدَيْنٍ (TA) or ↓ بِدِينَةٍ (S) [ I sold to him upon credit ]: and أَعْطَيْتُهُ الدَّيْنَ [signifies the same; or I gave him, or granted him, credit: or I gave him, or granted him, the loan, or the like ]. (M, K, TA.) ― -b3- [Hence,] (tropical:) Death; (K, TA;) because it is a دَيْن [or debt] which every one must pay when [the angel who is] the demander of its payment comes. (TA.) And hence the prov., رَمَاهُ ا@للّٰهُ بِدَيْنِهِ (tropical:) [ May God smite him with his death ]. (TA.) ― -b4- Thaalebeh Ibn-'Obeyd says, describing palm-trees, تَضَمَّنُ الحَاجَاتِ العِيَالِ وَ ضَيْفِهِمْ وَمَهْمَا تَضَمَّنْ مِنْ دُيُونِهِمْ تَقْضِ [ They comprise the wants of the household and of their guest; and whatever they comprise of their debts, they pay ]; by the دُيُون meaning what is obtained of their fruit that is gathered. (M, TA.)

دِينٌ دان دين [is an inf. n. of 1: and is also used as a simple subst., signifying] Obedience; (T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ دِينَةٌ: (K: [in the M it is said, without any restriction, that دِينَةٌ is like دِينٌ:]) this is its primary meaning: and its pl. is أَدْيَانٌ: or, as some say, its primary meaning is that next following: (TA:) a state of abasement, (M, K, TA,) and submissiveness. (TA.) الدِّينُ لِلّٰهِ means Obedience to, and the service of, God. (T, K. *) And the saying, in the Kur [iv. 124], وَ مَنْ أَحْسَنُ دِينًا مِمَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلّٰهِ means [ And who is better ] in obedience [ than he who resigns himself to God? ] (Er-Rághib, TA.) In like manner, also, in the same [ii. 257], لَا اـِكْرَاهَ فِى الدِّينِ means [ There shall be no compulsion ] in obedience. (Er-Rághib, TA.) ― -b2- A religion: (K, and in one of my copies of the S:) pl. as above: (S:) so termed as implying obedience, and submission to the law: [for ex.,] it is said in the Kur [iii. 17], اـِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ ا@للّٰهِ ا@لْاـِسْلَامُ [ Verily the only true religion in the sight of God is El-Islám ]. (TA.) الدِّينُ is a name for That whereby one serves God. (S, * K.) [It is applied to Religion, in the widest sense of this term, practical and doctrinal: thus comprehending الاـِيمَانُ, which means “ religious belief. ”] And it [particularly] signifies [ The religion of ] El-Islám. (M, K.) And The religious law of God; consisting of such ordinances as those of fasting and prayer and pilgrimage and the giving of the poor-rate, and the other acts of piety, or of obedience to God, or of duty to Him and to men; syn. الشَّرِيعَةُ. (TA.) And The belief in the unity of God. (K.) And Piety, or pious fear, and abstinence from unlawful things; syn. الوَرَعُ. (S, K.) ― -b3- Also A particular law; a statute; or an ordinance; syn. حُكْمٌ (K, and Jel in xii. 76) and قَضَاآءٌ [which signifies the same as حُكْمٌ]. (Katádeh, T, K.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 76], مَا كَانَ لِيَأْخُذَ أَخَاهُ فِى دِينِ ا@لْمَلِكِ, meaning He (Joseph) was not to take his brother as a slave for the theft according to the law of the king of Egypt; i. e., فِى حُكْمِ مَلِكِ مِصْرَ, (Jel,) or فىقَضَائِهِ; (Katádeh, T;) for his punishment according to him was beating, and a fine of twice the value of the thing stolen; not enslavement: (Jel:) or, accord. to ElUmawee, the meaning is, in the dominion of the King. (T.) ― -b4- [ A system of usages, or rites and ceremonies &c., inherited from a series of ancestors. ] It is said in a trad., of the Prophet, كَانَ عَلَى دِينِ قَوْمِهِ, meaning He used to conform with the old usages obtaining among his people, inherited from Abraham and Ishmael, in respect of their pilgrimage and their marriagecustoms (IAth, K, TA) and their inheritances (IAth, TA) and their modes of buying and selling and their ways of acting, (IAth, K, TA,) and other ordinances of the faith [&c.]; (IAth, TA;) but as to the belief in the unity of God, they had altered it; and the Prophet held no other belief than it: (IAth, K, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning here is, their dispositions, in respect of generosity and courage; from دِينٌ in the sense next following. (TA.) ― -b5- Custom, or habit; (AZ, T, S, M, K;) as also ↓ دِينَةٌ: (M, * TA:) and business: (S, TA:) pl., as above, أَدْيَانٌ. (M, TA.) This, also, has been said to be the primary signification. (TA.) One says, مَا زَالَ ذٰلِكَ دِينِى That has not ceased to be my custom, or habit. (T, TA.) ― -b6- A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting, or conduct, or the like. (K.) ― -b7- I. q. تَدْبِيرٌ [app. as meaning Management, conduct, or regulation, of affairs ]. (K.) ― -b8- State, condition, or case. (S, M, K.) ISh says, I asked an Arab of the desert respecting a thing, and he said to me, لَوْ لَقِيتَنِى عَلَى دِنٍ غَيْرِ هٰذِهِ لَأَخْبَرْتُكَ [ Hadst thou found me in a state other than this, I had informed thee ]. (S, M.) ― -b9- A property, such as is an unknown cause of a known effect; syn. خَاصِّيَّةٌ. (KL. [The significations of “ Via ” and “ Signum ” and “ Opera, ” mentioned by Golius as from the KL, I do not find in my copy of that work.]) -A2- Disobedience. (S, K.) [Thus it bears a signification the contr. of that first mentioned in this paragraph.] -A3- Repayment, requital, compensation, or recompense: (S, M, K:) or, as some say, such as is proportioned to the deed of him who is its object. (TA.) Hence, مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ, i. e. [ The King ] of the day of requital, in the Kur [i. 3]: (M, T, TA:) or the meaning in this instance is the next but one of those here following. (T, TA.) ― -b2- Retaliation, by slaying for slaying, or wounding for wounding, or mutilating for mutilating. (TA.) ― -b3- A reckoning. (T, S, M, K.) [See the sentence next but one above.] Hence, in the Kur [ix. 36], ذٰلِكَ الدِّينُ القَيِّمُ [is said to mean] That is the right, correct, or true, reckoning. (T, TA.) -A4- Compulsion against the will: (K:) subdual, subjection, or subjugation; ascendency: sovereign, or ruling, power; or power of dominion: (S, K:) mastership, or ownership; or the exercise, or possession, of authority. (K, TA.) -A5- A disease: (Lh, IAar, T, S, M, K:) or, accord. to El-Mufaddal, an old disease. (IAar, T.) -A6- [It is said to signify also] A constant, or a gentle, rain; as also ↓ دِينَةٌ: (K:) accord. to the book of Lth, [by which is meant the 'Eyn,] (T,) rain that has been constantly, (T,) or usually, (K,) recurring in a place: (T, K:) but this is a mistake of Lth, or of some one who has added it in his book: a verse of Et- Tirimmáh, there cited as an ex., ends with وَدِينِ, which is in that instance syn. with مَوْدُون, meaning “ moistened; ” its و being the primal radical, not the conjunction وَ; and دِينٌ as meaning any kind of rain being unknown. (T, TA.) -A7- See also دَائِنٌ.

دَيْنَةٌ دين دينه دينة , (so in the TT, as from the T,) or ↓ دِينَةٌ, with kesr, (so in the TA,) A cause of death. (T, TA.)

دِينَةٌ دين دينه دينة : see دَيْنٌ, in five places: -A2- and دِينٌ, in three places: -A3- and دَيْنَةٌ.

دَيِّنٌ دان دين Religious; or one who makes himself a servant of God; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ مُتَدَيِّنٌ. (S.)

دَيَّانٌ ديان A requiter, (S, M, K,) who neglects not any deed, but requites it, with good and with evil; (K, TA;) in this sense, with the article ال, applied as an epithet to God: (S, M, TA:) a subduer; (T, K;) applied to a man in this sense; (T;) and also, in the same sense, with the article ال, to God: (TA:) a judge; a ruler, or governor; (T, K;) in these senses, likewise, applied to a man; and, with the article ال, to God: (T:) a manager, a conducter, or an orderer, (S, M, K,) of affairs of another. (S.)

دَائِنٌ ذ A debtor; (S, M, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ مَدِينٌ and ↓ مَدْيُونٌ, (S, * M, Msb, * K,) this last of the dial. of Temeem, (M,) and ↓ مُدَانٌ (M, K) and ↓ مُدَّانٌ: (K:) or all of these, (M, K,) or ↓ مَدْيُونٌ, (S, TA,) one much in debt: (S, M, K, TA:) and ↓ مُدَّانٌ, constantly in debt: (Sh, T:) and دَائِنٌ signifies one who takes, or receives, a loan, or the like; who borrows; or who takes, or receives, or buys, upon credit: (Sh, T, Msb:) and also one who repays a debt: (Sh, T, TA:) thus bearing two contr. meanings: (TA:) or also one who gives, or grants, credit; or sells upon credit: (Msb:) pl. دَائِنُونَ, with which ↓ دِينٌ is syn. [as a quasi-pl. n.], as in the saying of a poet, وَكَانَالنَّاسُ اـِلَّا نَحْنُ دِينَا [ And the people, except us, were debtors ]. (S.)

مُدَانٌ مدان : see the next preceding paragraph.

مَدِينٌ مدين : see دَائِنٌ. -A2- [Also Repaid, requited, compensated, or recompensed: and reckoned with. ] أَئِنَّا لَمَدِينُونَ, in the Kur [xxxvii. 51], means Shall we indeed be requited, and reckoned with? (S, TA.) [See also what follows, in two places.] -A3- Possessed; owned; had, or held, under authority: (TA:) [and hence,] a slave; fem. with ة: (S, M, K:) [or] so called because abased by work. (K.) غَيْرَ مَدِينِينَ, in the Kur [lvi. 85], accord. to Zj, means Not held under authority: but Fr says, I have also heard [it explained as meaning] not requited [for your deeds]. (T.) [And it is said that] أَئِنَّا لَمَدِينُوننَ [mentioned above] means ائنّا لَمَمْلُوكُونَ [i. e. Shall we indeed be held in possession, or under authority, as servants of God?]. (M.)

مَدِينَةٌ مدين مدينه مدينة A city; syn. مِصْرٌ: (S, K:) so called because had, or held, in possession, or under authority. (S, * TA.) [See also art. مدن.] ― -b2- أَنَا ا@بْنُ مَدِينَتِهَا means I am he who is acquainted with it; (IAar, T, * M, * K;) like ابن بَجْدَتِهَا [q. v.]. (IAar, T.)

مُدَّانٌ مدان : see دَائِنٌ, in two places.

مِدْيَانٌ مديان , applied to a man, (S, M, K,) and also to a woman, (M, K,) without ة, (M,) One who gives, or grants, loans, or the like, (Sh, T, M, K,) to men, (M,) much, or often; (Sh, T, K:) and also, (Sh, T, K,) if you will, (Sh, T,) one who seeks, or demands, loans, or the like, much, or often: (Sh, T, K:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) or one whose custom it is to take, or receive, by incurring debt, or to buy upon credit; and, to seek, or demand, loans, or the like: (S:) or it is an intensive epithet, signifying one having [ many ] debts: (IAth, TA:) pl. مَدَايِينُ, (M, K,) masc. and fem. (TA.)

مَدْيُونٌ مديون : see دَائِنٌ, in two places.

مُتَدَيِّنٌ متدين : see دَيِنٌ.

فَا ذ and فاآءٌ Names of the letter ف, q. v. -A2- فَا as a prefixed n. in the accus. case, syn. with فَم, see voce فُوهٌ, in art. فوه.

R. Q. 1 فَأْفَأَ ذ , (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. فَأْفَأَةٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) He reiterated the letter ف (Mbr, T, S, M, Msb, K) in his speech; (S, M, K;) or was as though the letter ف predominated upon his tongue; (T;) or had an impediment in the tongue, the letter ف predominating in the speech. (M.) You say, فِيهِ فَأْفَأَةٌ [ In him is a fault of reiterating the letter ف in his speech; &c.] (S, K.) [See also فَأْفاآءٌ.]

فَأْفَأٌ ذ : see what follows.

فَأْفَاآءٌ ذ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ فَأْفَأٌ, (T, M, Msb, K, [and thus accord. to my copy of the Mgh,]) both mentioned by Lh, (T,) A man in whom is what is termed فَأْفَأَةٌ, expl. above; (T, S, M, K;) or who reiterates the letter ف much when he speaks; (M;) or who cannot utter the word unless with an effort, commencing with the like of the letter ف, and then pronouncing with effort the letters of the word correctly: (Mgh:) or one who reiterates his words much in speaking: (TA:) fem. with ة. (T, Msb.).

8 اِفْتَأَتَ عَلَىّ ذ He said of me what was false: (AZ, S, O:) or افتأت عَلَىَّ البَاطِلَ he forged against me what was false: (K:) and افتأت عَلَىَّ مَا لَمْ أَقُلْ he forged against me what I did not say. (M.) -A2- And افتأت عَلَيْنَا He was alone in his opinion against us; none sharing it with him: (ISh, T, TA:) or افتأت بِرَأْيِهِ he was alone, or singular, in his opinion: (ISk, S, O, K:) and in like manner in his affair, or case. (ISk, TA.) This verb, thus used, (not known to Az with a radical hemz in this sense except as mentioned by ISh and ISk, TA,) is mentioned with hemz by AA and AZ and ISk and others: it is therefore not from الفَوْتُ, unless it be an instance of the application of hemz to that to which it does not properly belong, as in the cases of حَلَّأْتُ السَّوِيقَ, and لَبَّأْتُ بِالحَجِّ, and رَثَأْتُ المَيِّتَ. (S, O.) [See also art. فوت.] -A3- اُفْتُئِتَ, in the pass form, He (a man, O) died suddenly: (O, K:) but this, app., [if not a mistake for اُفْتُلِتَ,] should be اُفْتِيتَ, without hemz, from مَوْتُ الفَوَاتِ. (TA.)

فُؤَيْتٌ ذ , applied to a man and to a woman, One who follows his, or her, own opinion only. (From a marg. note in a copy of the S. [Thus pronounced by AZ: by others, فُوَيْتٌ, without hemz: see art. فوت.])

1 فَأَدَهُ ذ , (T, S, M, A, L, K,) aor. فَأََ , inf. n. فَأْدٌ, (M, L,) He, or it, hit, struck, smote, affected, or hurt, his (a man's, K) فُؤَاد [or heart, &c.]: (S, M, L, K:) he hit, or smote, him, (AZ, T,) or shot, or shot at, and hit, or smote, him, namely a gazelle, (A,) or an animal of the chase, (AZ, T,) in his فُؤَاد. (AZ, T, A.) ― -b2- And, said of a disease, (S,) and of fear, (A,) It smote, or affected, his فُؤَاد: (S, A:) or, said of fear, it rendered him cowardly. (K.) ― -b3- And فُئِدَ, (T, M, A, L, K,) inf. n. فَأْدٌ; (M, L;) and فَئِدَ; (K;) He had a disease in his فُؤَاد: (T:) or he had a complaint thereof: (M, L, K:) or he had a pain therein: (K:) or he was, or became, hit, struck, smitten, affected, or hurt, therein. (A.) -A2- فَأَدَ الخُبْزَةَ, (T, S, M, L,) or الخُبْزَ, (K,) aor. as above, and so the inf. n., (M, L,) He put the cake of bread, or lump of dough, (T, S,) or the bread, (K,) into the hot ashes; (T, S, K;) and baked it therein: (T:) or he toasted [or baked ] (M, L) the cake of bread, or lump of dough, [or the bread, ] in the hot ashes. (M, * L.) And فَأَدَ اللَّحْمَ (S, M, L, K) فِى النَّارِ, (M, L, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (L,) He roasted the flesh-meat [ in the fire ]; as also ↓ افتأدهُ. (S, M, L, K.) ― -b2- And فَأَدَ لِلْخُبْزَةِ, (S, L,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (L,) He made for the cake of bread, or lump of dough, a place in the hot ashes, or in the fire, to put it therein [ for the purpose of baking it ]. (S, L.) -A3- فَأَدَ لِفُلَانٍ He acted well, or kindly, to such a one, in his affair, in absence: so in the “ Nawádir ” of Lh. (TA.)

5 تفأّد ذ i. q. تَوَقَّدَ [i. e., when said of fuel, It burned, burned up, burned brightly or fiercely, blazed, or flamed ]: (M, L, K:) [and] so when said of the heart [i. e. It became excited with ardour, or eagerness ]. (M, L, K. *) And i. q. تَحَرَّقَ [ It burned much, as a quasi-pass. v.]: (so in copies of the K, in SM's copy and in my MS. copy and in the CK:) or, as in MF's copy of the K, تَحَرَّكَ [ it was, or became, in a state of motion, or commotion ]: (TA:) [See what is said of the derivation of فُؤَادٌ.]

8 افتأدوا ذ They lighted a fire (M, A, L, K) for the purpose of roasting. (A) -A2- See also 1, latter half.

فَأْدٌ ذ : [see 1, of which it is the inf. n.: and] see the paragraph here following.

فُؤَادٌ ذ (S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.) and فَوَادٌ, which is strange, (K,) but said by Esh-Shiháb to be a dial var., and to be without reason disallowed by AHát; (TA;) of the masc. gender only; (Lh, M, L, K, &c.;) The heart; syn. قَلْبٌ [q. v.]; (S, M, A, L, Msb, K, &c.;) of man, and of an animal other than man: (M, L:) so called because of its تَفَأُّد (T, M, L, K) i. e. تَوَقُّد [or ardour]; (M, L, K;) or because of its pulsation, and commotion; [for which reason also the heart is said to be called القَلْبُ, from التَّقَلُّبُ;] for it is said that the primary meaning of ↓ فَأْدٌ is “ motion, ” and the “ putting in motion: ” (MF, TA:) or the heart is thus called only when its تَفَأُّد, i. e. its تَوَقُّد, is regarded: and most authors make a distinction between فُؤَاد and قَلْبٌ; the latter of which is said to have a more special signification than the former: (TA:) and the former is said to be [the pericardium, ] the غِشَاآء, (L, TA,) or the وِعَاآء, (TA,) of the قَلْب: (L, TA:) or the middle thereof: (L:) or the interior thereof: (TA:) the قَلْب being its حَبَّة [q. v.], (L, TA,) or its سُوَيْدَاآء: (L:) or فُؤَادٌ signifies the appendages of the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus ], consisting of the liver and lungs and قَلْب [or heart ]: (K:) pl. أَفْئِدَةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) the only pl. thereof known to Sb. (M, L.) ― -b2- Also The mind, or intellect: and this, it is said, may be the meaning of the phrase [in the Kur liii. 11], مَا كَذَبَ ا@لْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى, (TA,) or ما كَذَّبَ, another reading, i. e. [ The mind ] did not disacknowledge, or deem improbable, what he saw. (Jel.) [Hence,] حِدَّةُ الفُؤَادِ i. q. ذَكَاآءٌ [meaning Sharpness, or acuteness, of mind, in a man: and sharpness of spirit in a beast]. (S in art. ذكو.) [And حَدِيدُ الفُؤَادِ i. q. ذَكِئٌّ meaning Sharp, or acute, in mind, applied to a man: and sharp in spirit, applied to a beast:] one says فَرَسٌ حَدِيدَةُ الفُؤَادِ [ A mare sharp in spirit ]; and in like manner نَاقَةٌ [ a she-camel ]: (S and K in art. روع:) and نَاقَةٌ رُوَاعَةُ الفُؤَادِ, and رُوَاعُ الفُؤَادِ, a quick, spirited, vigorous, she-camel; sharp in spirit; syn. شَهْمَةٌ ذَكِيَّةٌ. (K in that art.) [And طَارَ فُؤَادُهُ His mind or intellect, fled: and his courage. (See شَعَاعٌ: and طَارَ.)]

فَئِيدٌ ذ : see مَفْؤُودٌ, in two places. -A2- Also, (T, M, L,) applied to bread [or dough], (M, L,) and so ↓ مَفْؤُودٌ, (M, L, K,) and ↓ مُفْتَأَدٌ, and ↓ أُفْؤُودٌ, (K,) Baked on the fire: (T:) or put into hot ashes, (L, K,) and baked therein: (L:) or toasted [or baked ] in hot ashes. (M, L.) And the first, (T, S, M, &c.,) applied to flesh-meat, (S, M, L,) Roasted, (T, S, M, L, K,) as also ↓ مَفْؤُودٌ, (M, L, K,) on the fire: (T:) or roasted upon live coals; as also ↓ مُفْأَدٌ [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for ↓ مُفْتَأَدٌ]. (L.) ― -b2- And فَئِيدٌ signifies also Fire or a fire [ for baking &c.]. (T, L, K.)

أُفْؤُودٌ ذ A place which one makes, for a cake of bread, or lump of dough, in hot ashes, or in a fire, to put it therein [ for the purpose of baking it ]: (S, M, * L, K: *) pl. أَفَائِيدُ. (L.) ― -b2- See also فَئِيدٌ.

مُفْأَدٌ ذ : see فَئِيدٌ.

مِفْأَدٌ ذ (T, S, M, L, K) and ↓ مِفْأَدَةٌ (S, L, K) and ↓ مِفْاآدٌ (T, M, L, K) The [ iron instrument, with which flesh-meat is roasted, called ] سَفُّود, (T, S, M, L, K,) [or] with which one roasts and bakes. (L, TA.) And [in the CK “ or ”] the first, (S, L, K,) and the second and third also, (accord. to the K,) the piece of wood, or wooden implement, with which the [ fire in the kind of oven called ] تَنُّور is stirred: pl. مَفَائِدُ. (S, L, K.)

مِفْأَدَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

مِفْاآدٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

مَفْؤُودٌ ذ Hit, struck, smitten, affected, or hurt, in his فُؤَاد [or heart, &c.]: (S, A, L:) smitten, or affected, by a disease therein: (S, L:) or by pain therein. (L.) ― -b2- A man without a heart; having no heart; as also ↓ فَئِيدٌ: (Ks, S, L:) weak-hearted: (T, L:) a coward; (T, M, L, K;) and so ↓ فَئِيدٌ: (T, K:) in this sense it has no verb. (AAF, IJ, M, L.) -A2- See also فَئِيدٌ, in two places.

مُفْتَأَدٌ ذ : see فَئِيدٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also A place of fuel: (T, L:) a place in which a fire is lighted for roasting. (A.)

1 فَئِرَ ذ , aor. يَفْأَرُ, It (a place) became abundant in فَأْر [i. e. rats, or mice ]. (Msb.) -A2- فَأَرَ, (J, O,) aor. as above, (K,) inf. n. فَأْرٌ, (TK,) He dug; (K;) or dug as does the فَأْر [i. e. rat, or mouse ]: (M, TA:) and, (K,) as some say, (M, TA,) he buried, and hid. (M, * O, K, TA.)

فَأْرٌ ذ [ A kind of animal, ] well known, (M, K,) [the genus mus; the rat; the mouse; and the like ]; with ء, (Lth, S, Msb,) and without ء; (Msb;) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: (Lth, T:) [in the S and O and Msb, فَأْرٌ is said to be pl. of فَأْرَةٌ, but in the last is added, like تَمْرَةٌ and تَمْرٌ, showing that by pl. is meant coll. gen. n.:] the pl. of فأر, (Lth, T, M, K,) or of فأرة, (O, Msb,) is فِئْرَانٌ (Lth, T, M, O, K, Msb) and فِئِرَةٌ: (M, K:) accord. to IAar, (T, TA,) ↓ فُؤَرٌ, like صُرَدٌ, (O, K, TA,) is applied to the male: (T, O, K, TA:) but this last word occurs in the phrase الفَأْر الفُؤَر, [in which الفأر is evidently used in a sense mentioned below, namely, “ the muscles, ” as is indicated in the T and O,] and, accord. to some, [الفُؤَر is a corroborative epithet, for they say that] this phrase is like لَيْلٌ لَائِلٌ and يَوْمٌ أَيْوَمُ: (O:) فَأْرَةٌ is applied [accord. to some] to the female; (M;) or [more correctly] to the male and the female, (M, K,) like as حَمَامَةٌ is applied to the male and the female of the [genus] حَمَام. (M, TA.) ― -b2- Also Musk: (M, K:) this is sometimes called فَأْرٌ because it is from the [animal, or from a kind of animal, called] فَأْر, as some say. (M.) ― -b3- And فَأْرَةُ المِسْكِ signifies The bag, follicle, or vesicle, (نَافِجَة, S, M, O, K, or نَافِقَة, T,) of musk: (T, S, M, O, K:) and is also without ء; (M, Msb;) or it should correctly be mentioned in art. فور, [as being called فَارَةٌ] because of the spreading (فَوَرَان) of its odour: or it may be with ء because it has the appearance, or form, of the [animal called] فَأْرَة. (O, K.) It was said to an Arab of the desert أَتَهْمِزُ الفَأْرَةَ, (K, TA, in the CK أَتُهْمَزُ الفَأْرُ,) [meaning Dost thou pronounce فارة with hemz? ], and he replied, [understanding the animal so called to be meant,] الهِرَّةُ تَهْمِزُهَا, (K,) meaning, [ The cat ] bites it. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence, app., by a synecdoche, فَأْرَةُ المِسْكِ is applied to The mush-animal, or Tibet-musk; moschus moschiferus: ] El-Jáhidh says, I asked a perfumer, of [the sect of] the Moatezileh, respecting [the animal called] فأرة المسك, and he said, it is not a mouse, or rat, (فأرة,) but is more like a young gazelle: it is found in the region of Tubbat [or Tibet ]; and is hunted; and the man who catches it binds tightly its navel, [or rather its umbilical follicle, ] which being pendent, the blood collects in it; then it is slaughtered; and when it is quiet, he cuts out the bound navel, and buries it in barley (شعير) until the congealed blood becomes converted into strong-scented musk. (TA.) ― -b5- And فَأْرَةُ الاـِبِلِ signifies The sweet odour of the camels, [ likened to that of the vesicle of musk, ] which diffuses itself from them when they have pastured upon the herbs and their blossoms, (S, O,) or, as some say, upon the [ plant called ] خُزَامَى [q. v.], (O,) and then drunk, and returned from the water, with their skins moist: (S, O:) so says Yaakoob. (S.) Thus in a verse cited voce ذَفِرٌ. (S, O. [Therefore فَأْرَةٌ ذَفْرَاآءُ should there be rendered A pungent sweet odour like that of a vesicle of musk. But see فَارَة, in art. فور.]) -A2- الفَأْرُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) The muscles: (T, O:) and فَأْرُ المَتْنِ (assumed tropical:) the flesh on either side of the back-bone; as also يَرَابِيعُ المَتْنِ. (T. [See also الفَارُ, in art. فور.]) -A3- And A species of trees; with and without ء: (M:) and فَأْرَةٌ [as its n. un.] a tree [ of that species ]. (K.) -A4- Also A certain well-known measure, or quantity, of wheat: in this sense an adventitious word. (O.)

فُؤَرٌ ذ : see فَأْرٌ, first sentence.

فَئِرٌ ذ A place abounding with فَأْر [ rats, or mice ]. (S, O.) You say أَرْضٌ فَئِرَةٌ, (O, K,) and أَرْضٌ ↓ مَفْأَرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) Land abounding with فأر: (K:) or land containing فأر. (S, O,) [In my copy of the Msb, I find ↓ مَكَانٌ مَفْأَرٌ.] ― -b2- Milk, (M, K,) and food, (TA,) into which a rat, or mouse, (فأرة,) has fallen. (M, K, TA.)

فَأْرَةٌ ذ n. un. (but said by some to be fem.) of فَأْرٌ [q. v.] ― -b2- Also, (S, M, O, K,) and ↓ فُؤْرَةٌ, (M, K, in the O written فُؤَرَة,) both with and without ء, (M, O,) A flatus (S, M, O, K) that collects (S) in the pastern (S, M, O, K) of a camel, (S,) or of a beast, (M, K,) or of a horse; (O;) which issues (S, M, O, K) when it is felt, (S,) or when it is stroked, and collects when it is left to itself. (M, O, K.)