فءد

فُؤَادٌ ذ (S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.) and فَوَادٌ, which is strange, (K,) but said by Esh-Shiháb to be a dial var., and to be without reason disallowed by AHát; (TA;) of the masc. gender only; (Lh, M, L, K, &c.;) The heart; syn. قَلْبٌ [q. v.]; (S, M, A, L, Msb, K, &c.;) of man, and of an animal other than man: (M, L:) so called because of its تَفَأُّد (T, M, L, K) i. e. تَوَقُّد [or ardour]; (M, L, K;) or because of its pulsation, and commotion; [for which reason also the heart is said to be called القَلْبُ, from التَّقَلُّبُ;] for it is said that the primary meaning of ↓ فَأْدٌ is “ motion, ” and the “ putting in motion: ” (MF, TA:) or the heart is thus called only when its تَفَأُّد, i. e. its تَوَقُّد, is regarded: and most authors make a distinction between فُؤَاد and قَلْبٌ; the latter of which is said to have a more special signification than the former: (TA:) and the former is said to be [the pericardium, ] the غِشَاآء, (L, TA,) or the وِعَاآء, (TA,) of the قَلْب: (L, TA:) or the middle thereof: (L:) or the interior thereof: (TA:) the قَلْب being its حَبَّة [q. v.], (L, TA,) or its سُوَيْدَاآء: (L:) or فُؤَادٌ signifies the appendages of the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus ], consisting of the liver and lungs and قَلْب [or heart ]: (K:) pl. أَفْئِدَةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) the only pl. thereof known to Sb. (M, L.) ― -b2- Also The mind, or intellect: and this, it is said, may be the meaning of the phrase [in the Kur liii. 11], مَا كَذَبَ ا@لْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى, (TA,) or ما كَذَّبَ, another reading, i. e. [ The mind ] did not disacknowledge, or deem improbable, what he saw. (Jel.) [Hence,] حِدَّةُ الفُؤَادِ i. q. ذَكَاآءٌ [meaning Sharpness, or acuteness, of mind, in a man: and sharpness of spirit in a beast]. (S in art. ذكو.) [And حَدِيدُ الفُؤَادِ i. q. ذَكِئٌّ meaning Sharp, or acute, in mind, applied to a man: and sharp in spirit, applied to a beast:] one says فَرَسٌ حَدِيدَةُ الفُؤَادِ [ A mare sharp in spirit ]; and in like manner نَاقَةٌ [ a she-camel ]: (S and K in art. روع:) and نَاقَةٌ رُوَاعَةُ الفُؤَادِ, and رُوَاعُ الفُؤَادِ, a quick, spirited, vigorous, she-camel; sharp in spirit; syn. شَهْمَةٌ ذَكِيَّةٌ. (K in that art.) [And طَارَ فُؤَادُهُ His mind or intellect, fled: and his courage. (See شَعَاعٌ: and طَارَ.)]