Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

صَفَاةٌ ذ as meaning صَافِيَةٌ: see صَافٍ. -A2- Also n. un. of صَفًا [q. v.].

صَفْوَةٌ ذ : see صَفْوٌ, in three places.

صُفْوَةٌ ذ : see صَفْوٌ, in two places.

صِفْوَةٌ ذ : see صَفْوٌ, in two places. ― -b2- One says also, فِى الاـِنَاآءِ صِفْوَةٌ مِنْ مَاآءٍ, or خَمْرٍ, i. e. [ In the vessel is ] a small quantity [ of water, or of wine ]. (M.)

صَفْوَاآءُ ذ : see صَفًا, in two places.

يَوْمٌ صَفْوَانُ ذ , (S, M, K,) and ↓ صَافٍ, (M, K,) A day in which the sun is clear, and which is very cold: (S:) or a cold day, (K,) or a very cold day, (M,) without clouds and without thickness [ of the air ]. (M, K.) ― -b2- صَفْوَانُ is also a name of The second of the days of cold: (K, TA:) so called because the sky therein is clear of clouds: [as a proper name,] it is determinate, and imperfectly decl. (TA. [See also صُفَيَّةُ.]) -A2- صَفْوَانٌ [as a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة; and said to be used as a sing. and as a pl.]: see صَفًا, in three places.

صَفَوَانٌ ذ : see صَفًا.

صَفَاآءٌ ذ an inf. n. of صَفَا. (S, M, &c. [See 1, first sentence.]) ― -b2- [It is often used by moderns as meaning (assumed tropical:) Serenity of life, and of the mind; freedom from trouble; comfort; content; complacency; happiness, joy, or pleasure: and so, sometimes, ↓ صَفْوٌ.] ― -b3- Also (tropical:) [ Reciprocal purity or sincerity of mind, or of love or affection, or of brotherly affection; or pure, or sincere, reciprocal love &c.;] a subst, from صَافَاهُ. (TA.)

صَفِىٌّ ذ : see صَافٍ. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A friend who regards one, or behaves towards one, with reciprocal purity or sincerity of love or affection, or of brotherly affection: (S, * M, * K, TA:) pl. أَصْفِيَاآءُ. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ صَفِىُّ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [ Such a man is the friend &c. of such a man ]: and فُلَانَةُ صَفِىُّ فُلَانٍ and صَفِيَّتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [ Such a woman is the friend, &c. of such a man ]. (Ham p. 430.) ― -b3- See also صَفْوٌ, in two places. ― -b4- Also (tropical:) The portion, of the spoil, which the chief, or commander, chooses for himself before the division; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and so ↓ صَفِيَّةٌ, of which the pl. is صَفَايَا: (S, Msb:) or, accord. to As, صَفَايَا is pl. of صَفِىٌّ, which signifies the portion which the chief chooses for himself, exclusively of his companions, such as the horse, and that which cannot be divided among the army: or, as AO says, the portion which the chief chose for himself, after [ taking ] the fourth part, such as the she-camel, and the horse, and the sword, and the girl or young woman; and thus it continued to be in the case of El-Islám, but the fourth became reduced to the fifth. (Msb.) ― -b5- Also, applied to a she-camel, (S, M, K,) and to a ewe, or she-goat, (S,) Abounding with milk; (S, M, K;) or so ↓ صَفِيَّةٌ: (Z, TA:) or the former, a she-camel whose milk lasts throughout the year: (IAar, TA in art. شكر:) pl. of the former, (Sb, S, M, K,) or of the latter, (Z, TA,) as above: (Sb, S, M, Z, K:) Sb says that it is not pluralized with ا and ت because the sing. is without ة. (M.) ― -b6- And A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) abounding with fruit; (M, K;) or so ↓ صَفِيَّةٌ: (Z, TA:) pl. of the former, (TA,) or of the latter, as above. (Z, TA.)

صَفِيَّةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

صُفَيَّةُ ذ a name of The first of the days of cold: (K, TA:) so called because the sky therein is clear of clouds. (TA. [See also صَفْوَانُ.])

صَافٍ ذ Clear, limpid, or pure; free from كَدَر [or turbidness, &c.]; (Msb;) and so ↓ صَفِىٌّ, applied to anything. (M.) Applied to pasturage, the former word may mean Clear of dried-up leaves or similar rubbish: or it may be formed by transposition from صَائِفٌ, meaning “ of the [season called] صَيْف, ” and so belonging to art. صيف. (M. [See also صَافٍ in another sense as formed by transposition from صَائِفٌ, voce صَافٌ, in art. صوف.]) In the phrase اللَّوْنِ ↓ صَفَاةُ applied by the poet Kutheiyir-'Azzeh to honey (جَنَاةُ النَّحْلِ), and expl. as meaning Clear in respect of colour, [ISd says,] I think that صفاة is originally صَفِيَة, as a possessive epithet. (M.) [صَافٍ is also applied to a sword, and the like, as meaning Bright, or free from rust. ] And in the Kur xxii. 37, [instead of the common reading صَوَافَّ, pl. of صَافٌّ and صَافَّةٌ,] some read صَوَافِىَ, [pl. of صَافِيَةٌ, as well as of صَافٍ applied to irrational animals,] as meaning that the animals there mentioned are [to be regarded as ] things purely [or exclusively ] belonging to God. (TA.) ― -b2- See also صَفْوَانُ. -A2- Also A certain fish, which [ it is said ] chews the cud; pl. صَوَافٍ. (TA.)

صَافِيَةٌ ذ [fem. of صَافٍ, q. v. ― -b2- And also, as a subst.,] (tropical:) One of what are termed صَوَافِى الاـِمَامِ, which means the towns, or villages, of those who have rebelled against him, which the Imám [or Khaleefeh ] chooses for himself [ as his peculiar property ]: (A, TA:) or, as in the T, الصَّوَافِى signifies what the Sultán appropriates exclusively to those persons whom he specially favours: or, as some say, it means the possessions and lands which their owners have abandoned, or of which the owners have died leaving no heirs thereof. (TA.)

مِصْفَاةٌ ذ i. q. رَاوُوقٌ; (S, MA, K, TA;) i. e. A strainer; (MA; [thus accord. to modern usage;]) a clarifier; i. e. a thing from which clearing, or clarifying, is effected; called by the vulgar مصفيَّة [i. e. مِصْفَيَّة, and also مِصْفَايَة]: pl. مَصَافٍ. (TA.)

عَسَلٌ مُصَفًّى ذ [ Clarified honey; or] honey cleared of the floating particles, or motes, or the like, that had fallen into it. (TA.)

مُصْطَفًى ذ : see صَفْوٌ, last sentence.

1 صَقِبَ ذ , (S, K,) aor. صَقَبَ , (K,) inf. n. صَقَبٌ, (M, A, K,) [like سَقِبَ,] He, or it, was, or became, near. (S, M, * A, * K.) You say, صَقِبَتْ دَارُهُ, (S, A,) with kesr [to the ق], (S,) inf. n. as above, (S, * A,) His house was near; (S, A;) and (A) so دَارُهُ ↓ أَصْقَبَتْ, (M, A, K, TA,) and أَسْقَبَتْ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., (S, A,) الجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِصَقَبِهِ, (S, A, K,) i. e. [ The neighbour has a better, or the best, claim to pre-emption by reason of his being near: see, with respect to this explanation, and other explanations also, what is said of another reading, بِسَقَبِهِ, voce سَقِبَ: or has a better, or the best, claim ] to close connection, and nearness; meaning pre-emption: (IAmb, O, TA:) or, to what is next to him, and near to him: (A, K, TA:) accord. to some, the meaning is the partner: (O, TA:) or the partner who has not divided with his copartner; this, says Az, being shown to be the meaning by another trad.: (Msb in art. جور:) or the neighbour whose dwelling is adjoining. (O, TA.) ― -b2- Also He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote: thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) -A2- صَقَبَهُ, (K,) inf. n. صَقْبٌ, (M,) He collected it, or gathered it together. (M, K.) ― -b2- And صَقَبَهُ He raised it; namely, a building, &c. (M, O, K.) ― -b3- And صَقَبَهُ, (K,) or صَقَبَ قَفَاهُ, (M, TA,) He struck (M, K, TA) him, or it, (K,) or the back of his neck, with his صَقْب, (M, TA,) i. e. (TA) with his fist. (K, TA.) [The inf. n.] صَقْبٌ signifies The striking anything solid and dry or tough. (S, TA.) -A3- صَقَبَ, (K, TA,) or ↓ صقّب, (so in a copy of the M,) said of a bird, It uttered a cry or cries: (M, K:) from Kr. (M, TA.)

2 صَقَّبَ see what immediately precedes.

3 صاقبهُ ذ He drew near to him: and he faced him, or met him face to face: (A:) or صَاقَبَهُمْ, inf. n. مُصَاقَبَةٌ and صِقَابٌ, he faced them, or met them face to face: (K:) or صَاقَبْنَاهُمْ, inf. ns. as above, we drew near to them: and لَقِيتُهُ مُصَاقَبَةً and صِقَابًا I met him face to face. (M.)

4 أَصْقَبَتْ دَارُهُ ذ : see 1, second sentence. -A2- اصقبهُ He made him, or it, to be near. (S, K.) And اصقب ا@للّٰهُ دَارَهُ May God make his house to be near. (A.) [And so with س.] ― -b2- And one says, أَصْقَبَكَ الصَّيْدُ The game, or object of the chase, has become near to thee, so that thou art able to shoot, or cast, at it. (K.)

صَقْبٌ ذ The young one of a camel: (M, L, K:) and so سَقْبٌ [q. v.]: (M:) but the latter is the more chaste, and some have rejected the former word: (MF:) pl. صِقَابٌ and صُقْبَانٌ (M, K) [and app. صُقُوبٌ also, like سُقُوبٌ,] and [pl. of pauc.] أَصْقُبٌ. (TA.) ― -b2- And Anything [i. e. any animal] tall, together with plumpness, or with fatness, softness, thinness of the skin, and plumpness; (S, M, K;) and so with س; (M;) as also ↓ صَقَبٌ. (TA.) Applied to a branch, Juicy, thick, and long. (TA.) ― -b3- And A tent-pole: (M, K:) or the middle tent-pole, which is the longest: (S, M, K:) and so with س: (M:) pl. صُقُوبٌ. (S, M, K.) [See also this pl. below.] ― -b4- And The fist: so in the phrase ضَرَبَهُ بِصَقْبِهِ [expl. above]. (TA.)

صَقَبٌ ذ [is an inf. n., of صَقِبَ, as mentioned above: and, used as a simple subst.,] signifies Vicinity, or nearness. (M, A, &c.) Thus in the phrase هُوَ صَقَبَكَ [lit. He is in thy vicinity; meaning he is near thee ]; mentioned by Sb among instances of adv. nouns which he classes apart because of their strangeness. (M.) And one says also, دَارِى مِنْ دَارِهِ بِصَقَبٍ [lit. My house is in a situation of nearness with respect to his house: ] meaning, near [ his house ]. (TA.) ― -b2- It [is also used as an epithet, and as such] signifies Near: (M, K:) you say مَكَانٌ صَقَبٌ, and سَقَبٌ [q. v. voce سَاقِبٌ], A near place; (M;) and ↓ مَكَانٌ صَاقِبٌ and سَاقِبٌ: (A in art. سقب:) and دَارُهُ صَقَبٌ مِنِّى [ His house is near me ]. (A in the present art.) ― -b3- See also صَقْبٌ.

صُقُوبٌ ذ a pl. of صَقْبٌ [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- Also The kind legs of camels; a dial. var. of سُقُوبٌ: (IAar, M:) the س is changed into ص app. because the latter is more agreeable with ق. (M.)

صَاقِبٌ ذ : see صَقَبٌ.

صَيْقَبَانِىٌّ ذ A seller of perfumes [&c: for the Arab dealer in perfumes sells a great variety of things, such as drugs, many articles of grocery, and the like]: (O, K:) so called because he collects [somewhat] of everything. (TA.)

أَصْقَبُ ذ [ More, and most, near ]. One says, هٰذَا أَصْقَبُ مِنْ هٰذَا This is nearer than this: (M: [and the like is said in the A and TA:]) and so أَسْقَبُ. (M, TA. *)

هُوَ مُصَاقِبِى ذ He is my neighbour: (TA in the present art.:) he is one whose house, or tent, adjoins mine. (TA in art. جور.)

1 صَقَرَ ذ , (S, M, K,) aor. صَقُرَ , (M,) inf. n. صَقْرٌ, (S, M,) He broke, (S, K,) or struck, (M,) stones, (S,) or a stone, (M, K,) with a صَاقُور [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) ― -b2- صَقَرَهُ بِالعَصَا, (M, K,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He struck him, or beat him, (M, K,) on his head, (M,) with the staff, or stick. (M, K.) ― -b3- صُقِرَ بِهِ الأَرْضُ He was thrown, or cast, upon the ground; lit. the ground was struck with him. (O, K. [In some copies of the K, صقر in this instance and the verb explaining it (ضرب) are in the act. form, and الارض is therefore in the accus. case.]) ― -b4- صَقَرَ النَّارَ, (M, K,) inf. n. as above; (M;) and ↓ صقّرها, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْقِيرٌ; (TA;) He lighted, or kindled, the fire; or made it to burn, burn up, burn brightly or fiercely, blaze, or flame. (M, K.) ― -b5- صَقَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ, (S, M, A,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) (tropical:) The sun hurt him by its heat: (A:) or pained his brain: (S:) or fell vehemently, with fierce heat, upon him, or upon his head: or was hot upon him. (M, TA.) [See also 1 in art. سقر.] ― -b6- صَقَرَنِى بِكَلَامِهِ (tropical:) [app. He cursed me, and calumniated me ]. (A. [These meanings seem to be there indicated by the context.]) -A2- صَقَرَ اللَّبَنُ The milk was, or became, intensely sour; as also ↓ اصقرّ, inf. n. اِصْقِرَارٌ; (K;) and ↓ صَمْقَرَ, (K in art. صمقر,) and ↓ اِصْمَقَرَّ. (K in that art and in the present art. also.) ― -b2- [See also صَقْرٌ, below, last explanation but one.]

2 صقّر النَّارَ ذ : see 1. -A2- صقّر التَّمْرَ, (M,) or الرُّطَبَ, inf. n. تَصْقِيرٌ, (As, TA,) He poured صَقَر [q. v.], (M,) or دِبْس, [which is the same,] (As,) upon the dates, (M,) or upon the fresh ripe dates. (As.)

4 اصقرت الشَّمْسُ ذ (tropical:) The sun was, or became, burning, or fiercely burning; syn. اِتَّقَدَت; (M, K;) as also ↓ اِصْمَقَرَّت, (L and K in art. صمقر,) in which the م is augmentative: (L in that art.:) the former is from اصتقرت said of fire. (M.)

5 تصقّرت النَّارُ ذ : see 8. -A2- تصقّر [ He hawked; ] he hunted with the صَقْر. (A, K.) -A3- And He tarried, stayed, or waited, (K, TA,) in a place. (TA.)

8 اصتقرت النَّارُ ذ and اصطقرت The fire became lighted or kindle; burned, burned up, burned brightly or fiercely, blazed, or flamed; (M, K;) as also ↓ تصقّرت. (K.)

9 اصقرّ ذ : see 1, last explanation.

Q. Q. 1 صَمْقَرَ ذ : see 1, last explanation.

Q. Q. 1 صَوْقَرَ He (a bird) uttered the cry termed صَوْقَرِير [q. v.]: (K:) reiterated his cry. (TA.)

Q. Q. 4 اِصْمَقَرَّ ذ : see 1, last explanation: ― -b2- and see also 4.

صَقْرٌ ذ [The hawk; ] the bird with which one hunts, or catches, game; (S;) whatever preys, or hunts or catches game, of the birds called بُزِاة [pl. of بَازٍ] and شَوَاهِين [pl. of شَاهِين]; (M, A, K;) a kind of bird including the بَازِى and the شَاهِين and the زُرَّق and the يُؤْيُؤ and the بَاشَق: (AHát, TA in art. بشق:) [like our term “ saker, ” and the French “ sacre, ” &c:] pl. [of pauc.] أَصْقُرٌ (M, K) and [of mult.] صُقُورٌ and صُقُورَةٌ (M, A, K) and صِقَارٌ and صِقَارَةٌ and صُقُرٌ; (M, K;) the last of which is said by Th to be pl. of صُقُورٌ, which is pl. of صَقْرٌ, but [ISd says] I hold it to be pl. of صَقْرٌ: the fem. is ↓ صَقْرَةٌ. (M.) ― -b2- [And accord. to Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, A liberal man: perhaps a noble man, as likened to a hawk.] -A2- Also, (S, K,) and ↓ صَقْرَةٌ, (S, M, K,) Vehemence of the stroke of the sun, (S, M, K,) and fierceness of its heat: (M:) or the vehemence of its stroke upon the head: (M:) pl. [of the latter] صَقَرَاتٌ. (S, A.) -A3- Also the former, Sour milk; (K;) [and] so ↓ صَقْرَةٌ: (A:) or milk rendered sour by a stroke of the sun: (Sh:) or milk sour in the utmost degree: (As:) or very sour milk; as also ↓ صَقْرَةٌ: (S:) or this latter is milk that has curdled, and of which the thick part has become separate, and the whey become clear, and that has become sour, so as to be a good kind of sauce. (L.) One says, تَزْوِى الوَجْهَ ↓ جَاآءَنَا بِصَقْرَةٍ [ He brought us some sour milk, or very sour milk, &c., such as contracts the face, or makes it to wrinkle: like as one says بِصَرْبَةٍ]. (S, A, L.) ― -b2- Also, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ صَقْرَةٌ, (M,) [The exuded, or expressed, juice called ] دِبْس; (S, K;) in the dial. of the people of El-Medeeneh: (S:) or the دِبْس of dates; (M;) or of fresh ripe dates, (Mgh, Msb,) before it is cooked; i. e. what flows from them, like honey, and what, when it is cooked, is called رُبّ: (Msb:) or the honey of fresh ripe dates and of raisins; as also ↓ صَقَرٌ: (K:) or the honey of fresh ripe dates when it has become dry, or tough: or what exudes from grapes, and from raisins, and from dates, without their being pressed; (M;) as also ↓ صَقَرٌ: (TA:) or, in the dial. of the Bahránees, [or people of El-Bahreyn,] the crude دِبْس, resembling honey, which flows from baskets of dates when they [i. e. the dates] are deposited and congested, in an uncovered chamber, [so I render بَيْت مُصَرَّح, but the meaning of the epithet is not clear,] with green earthen pots beneath them. (AM, TA.) ― -b3- And the former, (صَقْرٌ,) (assumed tropical:) Water that has become altered for the worse in taste and colour. (K, O, TA. [See also مُصَقَّرٌ and صَقَرَةٌ.]) -A4- صَقْرْ also signifies A دَائِرَة [or feather, i. e. portion of the hair naturally curled or frizzled in a spiral manner or otherwise, ] behind the place of the liver (AO, K, TA) of a horse or similar beast, (K, TA,) on the right and on the left, (TA,) or in the back of a horse: (AO, TA:) there are two such feathers, (AO, K, TA,) which are the limit of the back. (AO, TA.) -A5- Also, [probably as an inf. n., of which the verb is صَقَرَ,] The acting the part, or performing the office, of a pimp to [ men's ] wives, or women under covert. (IAar, M, O, K. [In the CK, الحَرَمِ is erroneously put for الحُرَمِ.]) Hence the epithet صَقَّار, [as some explain it,] occurring in a trad. [which see below]. (TA.) ― -b2- And A cursing of such as is not deserving [ thereof ]: pl. صُقُورٌ and صِقَارٌ. (K.)

صَقَرُ ذ a name of Hell; a dial. var. of سَقَرُ [q. v.]. (K.) -A2- صَقَرٌ Fallen leaves of the [ kind of trees called ] عِضَاه, and [particularly] of the عُرْفُط, (M, K,) and of the سَلَم, and of the طَلْح, and of the سَمُر: not so called until they fall. (M.) -A3- See also صَقْرٌ, in two places.

رُطَبٌ صَقرِ ذ , (S,) or صَقِرٌ مَقِرٌ, (M, K,) in which the latter word is an imitative sequent, (K,) Fresh ripe dates containing صَقْر: (M, K:) [ melliferous: ] or proper for دِبْس [or صَقْر]. (S.) -A2- اِمْرَأَةٌ صَقِرَةٌ A woman sharp, or acute, of mind, (ذَكِيَّةٌ, [in the CK, erroneously, زَكِيَّةٌ,]) strongsighted. (Sgh, K.)

جَاآءَ بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ ذ , (A, K, TA,) and ↓ بِالصُّقَارَى وَالبُقَارَى, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He came with lies, and excitements of dissension: (A, TA:) or with sheer lying: (K:) or with sheer, and excessive, or abominable, lying: (TA:) each being a name for that which is unknown: (K, TA:) and in like manner one says جاآء بِالشُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, and بِالشُّقَارَى وَالبُقَارَى; mentioned by IDrd, in the Jm; and by Meyd, in the Collection of Proverbs. (TA in art. بقر.) [See also Har p. 399.]

صَقْرَةٌ ذ : see صَقْرٌ, in six places.

صَقَرَةٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) Water remaining in a watering-trough in which dogs and foxes void their urine, (O, K, TA,) altered for the worse in taste and colour. (TA. [See also صَقْرٌ and مُصَقَّرٌ.])

صُقْرَةٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A colour, of a bird, in which the خُضْرَة [or dark, or ashy, dust-colour ] thereof, or the blackness thereof, is mixed with redness or yel-lowness; as being likened to [the colour of] صَقْرَة [or صَقْر], i. e. دِبْس: a bird of that colour is termed ↓ مُصَقَّرٌ: so in the book entitled “ Ghareeb el- Hamám, ” by Hoseyn Ibn-'Abd-Allah el-Kátib El-Isbahánee. (TA.)

صَقُورٌ ذ , (so in a copy of the M in two instances, and so in the O in one instance,) or ↓ صَقُّورٌ, (so in the O in another instance, and so accord. to the K, in which latter it is expressly likened to تَنُّورٌ,) A wittol, or tame cuckold; syn. دَيُّوثٌ: (M, K:) or one who acts the part of a pimp to his own wives, or women under covert; as also ↓ صَقَّارٌ: (O:) the former epithet occurring in a trad. (M, O.)

صُقَارَى ذ : see جَاآءَ بِالصُّقَرِ وَالبُقَرِ, above.

صَقَّارٌ ذ [ A falconer, or rearer of hawks. (Golius, from Meyd: and so in the present day.) -A2- And] i. q. دَبَّاسٌ [ A seller of دِبْس, or صَقْر]. (O, K.) -A3- Also (assumed tropical:) One who is in the habit of cursing (M, O, K) those who are not deserving [ of being cursed ]: (M, O, K:) and (assumed tropical:) a calumniator: and (assumed tropical:) an unbeliever. (M, O, K.) The Prophet, being asked the meaning of صَقَّارٌ, (M, TA,) or of سَقَّارَةٌ, (T, TA,) or of صَقَّارُونَ, (O,) occurring in a trad., said (assumed tropical:) Young people who shall be in the end of time, whose mutual greeting will be mutual cursing. (T, M, O, TA.) See also صَقُورٌ.

صَقُّورٌ ذ : see صَقُورٌ.

صَاقِرٌ ذ , applied to a صَقْر [or hawk] Sharp-sighted. (K.)

صَوْقَرٌ ذ : see صَاقُورٌ.

صَاقِرَةٌ ذ A calamity, (M, K,) or a vehement calamity, (O,) befalling. (M, K.)