Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

5 تضنّى ذ He (a man) feigned himself diseased, disordered, or sick. (TA.)

8 اضطنى ذ : see 1. ― -b2- See also 8 in art. ضنأ.

ضَنًى ذ : inf. n. of 1. (S, M, &c.) ― -b2- Also, [in some copies of the K erroneously written ضَنِىٌّ,] and ↓ ضَنٍ; (S, M, Msb, K;) the former applied alike to a man (Fr, IAar, T, S, Msb) and to a woman (IAar, T, S, Msb) and to two persons (Msb) and to a pl. number, (Fr, IAar, T, S, Msb,) because originally an inf. n., (S, Msb,) for ذُو ضَنًى and ذَاتُ ضَنًى [&c.]; (Msb;) or some do not dualize it nor pluralize it, because it is [originally] an inf. n., and others dualize it and pluralize it; (M;) but ↓ ضَنٍ has a fem. (Msb) and a dual and a pl., (S,) its fem. being ضَنِيَةٌ (Msb, TA) [and its dual ضَنِيَانِ] and the pl. is أَضْنَاآءٌ; (TA;) [ Slender, and small in body: and hence, (see 1,)] diseased, disordered, or sick: (S:) [or lean, or emaciated: (see again 1:)] or affected with a disease, disorder, or sickness, (M, Msb, K,) of long continuance, and settled, (M,) or constant, so that he is at the point of death, (Msb,) or such as infects, or pervades, him, and so that, whenever he thinks himself to be recovering, he relapses. (K.) You say, تَرَكْتُهُ ضَنًى and ↓ ضَنِيًا [ I left him lean, or diseased, &c.]. (S.)

ضَنٍ ذ ; fem. ضَنِيَةٌ; and pl. أَضْنَاآءٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

ضِنًى ذ , [written in the TA ضنا, but the final radical is ى,] with kesr, accord to IAar, signifies Pains that cause fear. (TA.)

ضَنَاآءٌ ذ , like سَلَامٌ [in measure, The state of such as is termed ضَنًى or ضَنٍ], a subst. from ضَنِىَ. (Msb.)

مُضْنًى ذ Rendered lean, or emaciated; [&c;] (Mgh;) pass. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Mgh, Msb.)

3 مُضَاهَأَةٌ ذ is syn. with مُضَاهَاةٌ, (K, TA, [the و before المُضاهاةُ in the CK should be erased,]) i. q. مُشَاكَلَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, TA:) you say, ضَاهَأْتُهُ and ضَاهَيْتُهُ, ('Eyn, S, * O, * Msb, * TA,) i. e. I resembled him; syn. شَابَهْتُهُ: ('Eyn, TA:) [or I conformed with him: ] or ضَاهَأَهُ, inf. n. as above, signifies he imitated him; syn. عَارَضَهُ and بَارَاهُ; and one says also, ضَاهَيْتُهُ, inf. n. مُضَاهَاةٌ: (Msb:) the verb is read both with and without ء in the Kur [ix. 30]. (O, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- ضَاهَا بِهِ, (A 'Obeyd, TA,) [or ضَاهَأَهُ, like ضَاهَاهُ, mentioned in art. ضهى,] inf. n. as above, (K,) He (a man) was, or became, gentle, tender, or courteous, or he acted, or behaved, gently, &c., with him, or to him. (A 'Obeyd, K, * TA.)

Q. Q. 1 or Q. 1. ضَهْيَأَ: see art. ضهيأ.

ضَهْيَأٌ ذ and ضَهْيَأَةٌ: see art. ضهيأ.

1 ضَهَبَهُ بِالنَّارِ ذ , aor. ضَهَبَ , (K,) inf. n. ضَهْبٌ, (TK,) He altered it, (K, TA,) and changed its colour, (TA,) by means of fire. (K, TA.) [See also 2.] -A2- ضَهَبَ said of a man, (O, K,) aor. ضَهَبَ , (TA,) inf. n. ضُهُوبٌ, (O, K,) (tropical:) He failed of fulfilling his promise (أَخْلَفَ), and was weak, and not like a man: (O, K, TA:) as though likened to meat not thoroughly cooked. (TA. [See 2.]) ― -b2- And ضَهْبُ القَوْمِ signifies اِخْتِلَاطُهُمْ [i. e. The people's being mixed, or confused ]: (JK, O:) or أَخْلَاطُهُمْ [i. e. ↓ ضَهْبٌ is a subst., signifying a medley, or mixed or promiscuous multitude or collection, of people]. (So in the K. [But I think that this explanation is a mistranscription.]) [Or it signifies The people's multiplying themselves, and hastening: for] it is said in the “ Nawádir ” that هَضَبَ القَوْمُ and ضَهَبُوا and هُلَبُوا and أُنَبُوا and حُطَّبُوا all denote الاـِكْثَار and الاـِسْرَاع: so in the T in art. هضب. (TA.)

2 ضهّب ذ , inf. n. تَضْهِيبٌ, He roasted (Lth, K, TA) flesh-meat (Lth, TA) upon heated stones: (Lth, K, TA:) or he roasted, (K,) or put into the fire, (AA, TA,) but did not cook thoroughly, (AA, K, TA,) flesh-meat. (AA, TA.) ― -b2- And, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, O,) He exposed a bow, (S, O, K,) and a spear, (S, O,) to the fire, (S, O, K,) on the occasion of straightening it, (S, O,) or to straighten it. (K.) [See also 1.] ― -b3- And He collected together the fire; (JK;) and so ↓ ضَهْضَبَ. (JK, O, K.)

3 مُضَاهَبَةٌ ذ signifies Mutual reviling or vilifying; (K;) the addressing each other with bad words. (TA.)

Q. 1 ضَهْضَبَ ذ : see 2, last sentence. [Mentioned in this art., as though Q. Q., contr. to the rule generally observed with respect to words of four radical letters of which the first and third are identical but not the second and fourth.]

ضَهْبٌ ذ : see the first paragraph.

قَوْسٌ ضَهْبَاآءُ ذ A bow upon which the fire has taken effect [ so as to alter its colour ]: (O, K:) like ضَبْحَاآءُ. (TA.)

ضَيْهَبٌ ذ i. q. صَيْهَبٌ, meaning A place where flesh-meat is roasted [ on the ground heated by the sun ]; (K; [in the CK, لِمَشْوِىِّ اللّحمِ is erroneously put for لِمَشْوَى اللَّحْمِ;]) accord. to Lth, any [ high ground such as is called ] قُفّ, or rugged ground, or place on a mountain, upon which the sun shines with such heat that flesh-meat will roast upon it: but Az says that what Lth means is صَيْهَبٌ only, with the unpointed ص; (O, * TA;) and if so, the meaning assigned here in the K is not correct. (TA.)

مُضَهَّبٌ ذ Flesh-meat roasted, but not thoroughly cooked: (S, A, O:) accord. to El-Mufaddal, flesh-meat cut in pieces; (O;) and thus in the K; (TA;) but IF says that this is nought, unless it be cut in pieces roasted: (O:) it is at variance with what is said by the leading authorities, for they say that it means flesh-meat roasted upon heated stones: or roasted upon the fire, but not thoroughly cooked: (TA:) or cooked in a fryingpan. (TA in art. عرص.) Imra-el-Keys says, نَمُشُّ بِأَعْرَافِ الجِيَادِ أَكُفَّنَا اـِذَا نَحْنُ قُمْنَا عَنْ شِوَاآءٍ مُضَهَّبِ [ We wipe our hands with the manes of the swift horses when we rise from eating roast meat not thoroughly cooked ]. (S, O.)

1 ضَهَدَهُ ذ , (S, L, K,) aor. - There is no diacritic specified in the original text. , (S, L,) inf. n. ضَهْدٌ; (L;) and ↓ اضطهدهُ, (as in the L, and in some copies of the K,) or ↓ اضهدهُ; (as in other copies of the K;) He overpowered him; subdued him; oppressed him: (S, L, K:) he treated him wrongfully, unjustly, or injuriously; (L;) as also بِهِ ↓ اضهد: (L, K:) he constrained him. (S, L.) ↓ كَانَ لَايُجِيزُ ا@لِاْضْطِهَادَ, occurring in a trad., means He used not to allow constraint, or compulsion, or force, in a sale, and in an oath, &c. (L.)

4 أَضْهَدَ see each, in two places, in the preceding paragraph.

8 اـِضْتَهَدَ see each, in two places, in the preceding paragraph.

ضُهْدَةٌ ذ Force; constraint; compulsion. (L.) ― -b2- هُوَ ضُهْدَةٌ لِكُلِّ أَحَدٍ means He is one who may be overpowered, subdued, or oppressed, by every one who desires to make him so. (S, L, K.)

ضَهْيَدٌ ذ Hardy, strong, robust: (L, K:) applied to a man: (L:) [said to be] the only word of the measure فَعْيَلٌ (K) in the language of the Arabs; but Kh asserts it to be a forged word: (TA:) ضَهْيَأٌ and عَثْيَرٌ are also mentioned as of this measure; [but the latter is disallowed in the S and O, voce عِثْيَرٌ;] and مَدْيَنُ and مَرْيَمُ [which, however, are foreign proper names]. (MF.)

مَضْهُودٌ ذ and ↓ مُضْطَهَدٌ A man (L) overpowered; subdued; oppressed; (S, L;) abased; (L;) constrained. (S, L.)

مُضْطَهَدٌ ذ : see what next precedes.

المُضْطَهِدُ ذ The lion. (K.)

Q. 1 ضَهْضَبَ ذ : see 2 in art. ضهب.

ضَهْوَةٌ ذ A بِرْكَة of water; [i. e. a wateringtrough, or tank, or the like, of water; or a basin, pool, pond, or lake, of water; or a place where water remains and collects, or collects and stagnates; ] (M, K;) as though formed by transposition from وَهْضَةٌ, which signifies a depressed piece of ground: (TA:) pl. أَضْهَاآءٌ. (M, K.)

ضَهْوَاآءُ ذ A woman whose breasts have not become prominent, or protuberant. (Lth, K.) [See also ضَهْيَاآءُ, in the next art.]

1 ضَهِيَتْ ذ , aor. ضَهَىَ , inf. n. ضَهًى, She was, or became, such as is termed ضَهْيَاآء. (K.)

3 ضاهاهُ ذ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُضَاهَاةٌ, (S, Msb,) He resembled, or conformed with, him, or it; syn. شَاكَلَهُ; (S, Msb, K;) like ضَاهَأَهُ [q. v.]: (S, Msb:) and, like the latter, he imitated him. (Msb, TA. *) It is said in a trad., أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ الَّذِين يُضَاهُونَ خَلْقَ ا@للّٰهِ i. e. [ The most severely punished of mankind on the day of resurrection will be ] those who imitate by what they make [ the creation of God ]; meaning the sculptors or limners or the like. (Msb.) ― -b2- Also, [or ضَاهَى بِهِ, like ضَاهَأَ به, q. v.,] He was, or became, gentle, tender, or courteous, or he acted, or behaved, gently, &c., with him, or to him; namely, a man, and other than a man. (TA.)

4 اضهى ذ He married, i. e. took to wife, a woman such as is termed ضَهْيَاآء. (AA, K.) -A2- And He pastured his camels upon the species of tree called ضَهْيَاآء. (K.)

ضَهْيًا ذ : see the next paragraph, in four places.

ضَهْيَاآءُ ذ A woman that does not menstruate: pl. ضُهْىٌ; which necessarily implies that the former is [as above, i. e.] with the long ا: but AA mentions ↓ ضَهْيَاةٌ and ↓ ضَهْيَاهٌ, with ة and with ه, as having this meaning; which necessarily implies that ضهيا is with the short ا [i. e., accord. to a general rule, ↓ ضَهْيًا, with tenween, like ضَهْيَأٌ, q. v. in art. ضهيأ, though (accord. to a general rule) this should be regarded as a masc. epithet]: (S) or ضَهْيَاآءُ, and also with the short ا [app. ↓ ضَهْيًا, as above, not ضَهْيَا, or, as I rather incline to think, ضَهْيَأٌ (which is mentioned in art. ضهيأ) may be here meant], signify a woman that does not menstruate nor become pregnant; (K, TA;) so that she is as though she resembled a man: (TA: [see 3:]) or that menstruates but does not become pregnant: (K, TA:) or that does not bring forth, though she menstruate: (TA:) or whose breasts do not grow forth; (K, TA;) and when this is the case, she does not menstruate: or the former signifies that does not menstruate, being pregnant. (TA.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Land that does not give growth to anything; as also with the short ا [i. e. ↓ ضَهْيًا or ضَهْيَأٌ]. (K. [In the TA this meaning is restricted, app. without reason, to the form with the short ا.]) -A2- Also, (S, K,) and with the short ا [i. e. ↓ ضَهْيًا or ضَهْيَأٌ], (K,) A species of tree (S, K) of the kind called عِضَاه, (K,) having a بَرَمَة [q. v.] and a pod (عُلَّفَة) [ which succeeds the بَرَمَة], and many thorns. (TA. [For further descriptions thereof, see ضَهْيَأٌ, in art. ضهيأ.])

ضَهْيَاةٌ ذ and ضَهْيَاهٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ضَهِىٌّ ذ , (S, K,) of the measure فَعِيلٌ, (S,) The like of another [thing or person]: (S, K:) one says, هٰذَا ضَهِىُّ هٰذَا This is the like of this: (S:) or هُوَ ضَهِيُّكَ He is the like of thee. (K.)

Q. 1 ضَهْيَاَ [Accord. to the O and K, Q. Q. 1, being mentioned therein in art. ضهأ.] ضَهْيَأَ أَمْرَهُ He fell short of doing what he ought to have done in his affair, (مَرَّضَهُ, O, K,) and did not decide it, (لَمْ يَصْرِمْهُ, O,) or and did not perform it firmly, or soundly: (K:) like رَهْيَأَ. (TA.)

ضَهْيَأٌ ذ , of the measure فَعْلَلٌ, or, as some say, فَعْيَلٌ; if of the latter, [said to be] the only instance of this measure in the language; ضَهْيَدٌ being a foreign proper name; (TA;) or, مَرْيَمُ being a foreign proper name; (TA;) or, accord. to Sb, the hemzeh in ضَهْيَأٌ, which is with tenween, is augmentative, because it is syn. with ضَهْيَاآءُ, which is with the long ا and imperfectly decl., for the ى cannot be augmentative and the hemzeh radical in the latter; (MF and TA in art. ضهى;) [a word like ضَهْيًا and ضَهْيَاآءُ (which see in art. ضهى) in most, or a some seem to say in all, of its meanings;] A certain tree, resembling the سَيَال, (AZ, O, K,) each of which has its fruit in a سِنْفَة [or pod ]; it has weak thorns, and grows in the valleys and on the mountains: (AZ, O:) Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn] says, on the authority of some one or more of the Arabs of the desert, of El-Azd, that the ضهيأ is a great tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having a بَرَمَة [q. v.] and a pod (عُلَّّفَة) [ which succeeds the بَرَمَة], and many thorns; its pods (عُلَّف) are intensely red, and its leaves are like those of the [ species of acacia called ] سَمُر. (O.) -A2- Also A woman that does not menstruate: and that has neither milk nor breast: as also ↓ ضَهْيَأَةٌ: (K:) or the latter is an epithet applied to a woman in these two senses: (O: [in which the former word, without ة, is not mentioned:]) Seer says, in his Expos. of “ the Book ” of Sb, that ضَهْيَأٌ, like ضَهْيَاآءُ [which belongs to art. ضهى], is a subst. as well as an epithet, signifying a woman whose breast has not grown forth: and one who has not menstruated: ― -b2- and also (assumed tropical:) A land that has not given growth to anything: (MF, TA:) or ↓ ضَهْيَأَةٌ signifies as above: and also (assumed tropical:) a desert (فَلَاةٌ) having in it no water: (O, K, TA:) or that does not give growth to anything; app. because it has no water. (TA.) [Accord. to those who hold the ى to be augmentative,] a woman is thus termed because she resembles men (لِأَنَّهَا ضَاهَأَتِ الرِّجَالَ). (O, TA.)

ضَهْيَأَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

R. Q. 1 ضَوْضَوْا ذ , [inf. n. ضَوْضَاةٌ and ضَوْضَاآءٌ, (see the next paragraph,)] They cried out, shouted, or clamoured; first pers. sing. ضَوْضَيْتُ, the [second] و being changed into ى. (S, TA.)

ضَوَّةٌ ذ [in the CK erroneously written ضَواة] A crying out, shouting, or clamouring; (S, K;) so says As, and AZ says the like; (S;) as also ↓ ضَوْضَاةٌ (S, K) and ↓ ضَوْضَاآءٌ, (TA in art. ضوض, [these two there mentioned as inf. ns., on the authority of IKtt,]) and ↓ ضَوْضًى. (K in art. ضوض.) One says, سَمِعْتُ ضَوَّةَ القَوْمِ [ I heard the crying out, shouting, or clamouring, of the people, or party ]. (As, AZ, S.)

ضَوْضًى ذ and ضَوْضَاآءُ and ضَوْضَاةٌ; see the next preceding paragraph.

ضُوَاضٍ ذ Large, big, or bulky; thick; or large in body; syn. ضَخْمٌ, (K, TA,) and عَظيمٌ. (TA.)

ضُوَاضِيَةٌ ذ : see what next follows.

ضُوَيْضِيَةٌ ذ , (K, TA,) in the dim. form, (TA,) A calamity, or misfortune; (K, TA,) because of its greatness; (TA;) as also ↓ ضُوَاضِيَةٌ. (K, TA.) ― -b2- And A stallion [camel] excited by lust. (Sgh, K.)

مُضَوْضٍ ذ A man crying out; shouting, or clamouring; (K and TA in art. ضوض; [in the CK erroneously written مُضَوْضِىّ;]) like مُضَوْضِئٌ. (TA in that art.)

1 ضَوVاَ see 4, in two places.

2 ضَوَّاَ see the next paragraph, in two places. ― -b2- One says also, ضَوَّأْتُ عَنْهُ [meaning I brought to light, made visible, discovered, or revealed, him, or it ]. (M, TA.) A sheep, or goat, belonging to an Arab of the desert strayed; whereupon he said, اَللّٰهُمَّ ضَوِّئْ عَنْهُ [ O God, bring it to light, or discover it ]. (A, TA.) -A2- Accord. to Lth, but he is the only authority for it known by AM, (TA,) ضَوَّأَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَضْوِئَةٌ, means He declined, or turned away, from the affair. (K, TA.)

4 اضاآء ذ , (M, Msb, K,) said of a thing, (M,) [as, for instance,] of the moon, (Msb,) or اضاآءت, said of fire (النَّار,), (A 'Obeyd, S, O,) inf. n. اـِضَاآءٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ ضَاآءَ, (M, Msb, K,) or ضَاآءَت, (S, O,) aor. يَضُوْءُ, (M,) or تَضُوْءُ, (S,) inf. n. ضَوْءٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ضُوْءٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) but the former verb is preferred; (TA;) It gave light, was light or bright, shone, or shone brightly. (Msb, K, * TA.) [See also an ex. of ↓ the latter verb in a verse cited voce أُفُقٌ; and cited here in the TA.] And أَضَأْتُ لَهُ [ I gave light to him ]. (M.) -A2- The former verb is also trans.: you say, أَضَاآءَتْهُ النَّارُ [ The fire made it to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly ]: (S, O:) and أَضَأْتُهُ and ↓ ضَوَّأْتُهُ [ I made it to give light, to be light or bright, to shine, or to shine brightly ]: (M, Msb, * K:) and أَضَأْتُ بِهِ البَيْتَ and بِهِ ↓ ضَوَّأْتُهُ [ I lighted, or illumined, with it (i. e. with a lamp or the like) the house, or chamber, or tent ]. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence,] اضاآء بِبَوْلِهِ (tropical:) He ejected his urine [so as to make its drops to glisten]; or emitted it and then stopped it; syn. حَذَفَ بِهِ; (K, TA;) or خَذَفَ بِهِ; (so in a copy of the M, as on the authority of Kr;) or, as in the A, أَذْرَعَ بِهِ. (TA.) ― -b3- And they said مَا أَضْوَأَهُ [ How light, or bright, is it! ]. (S voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.].) ― -b4- And اضاآء signifies also أَصَابَ ضَوْءًا [ He saw (lit. lighted on, or found, ) light, or brightness ]. (T voce أَظْلَمَ [q. v.])

5 تضوّأ ذ He stood in the dark to see people by the light of their fire, (AZ, K, TA,) without their seeing him. (AZ, TA.) And تضوّا ا@مْرَأَةً [ He stood in the dark to see a woman by the light of her fire, without her seeing him ]. (TA.)