Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

زَرْدٌ ذ : see the next paragraph, in two places.

زَرَدٌ ذ , (S, A, K,) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (A,) A coat of mail; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ زَرْدٌ, which is an inf. n. used as a subst. [and therefore used as a sing. and a pl., and applied, as is also زَرَدٌ to anything made of mail, a piece of mail, and rings in general, like سَرْدٌ, q. v.], (A,) and ↓ زَرَدِيَّةٌ: (mentioned as syn. with دِرْعٌ in art. درع in the Msb and in the TA, on the authority of IAth:) the pl. of ↓ زَرْدٌ is زُرُودٌ. (TA.) [See also رَفْرَفٌ and مغْفَرٌ.]

زَرِدٌ ذ Quick in swallowing: (K:) but in the Nawádir el-Aaráb, food that is soft, and quick in descending [ in the throat ]. (TA.)

زُرْدَةٌ ذ [The quantity that is swallowed at once; like جُرْعَةٌ and بُلْعَةٌ;] a morsel, or small mouthful: so in the saying, ظَنَّ فُلَانٌ أَنِّى زُرْدَةٌ لَهُ (tropical:) [ Such a one thought that I was a morsel for him ]. (A, TA.)

زَرْدَانٌ ذ A guest: as though he throttled his companion. (A, TA.)

زَرَدَانٌ ذ The vulva of a woman: (K, TA:) accord. to some, (TA,) so called because it swallows (يَزْدَرِدٌ), or because it compresses (يَزْرُدُ [in the CK يَزْدَرِدُ again]), (K, TA,) i. e. يَخْنُقُ, (TA,) the أُيُور, by its straitness. (K, TA.)

زَرَدِيَّةٌ ذ : see زَرَدٌ.

زِرَادٌ ذ (S, K) and ↓ مِزْرَدٌ (K) A cord by which the throat of a camel is compressed, in order that he may not eject his cud therefrom and bespatter his rider. (S, K.) The former word is also expl. in the K by مِخْنَقَةٌ, [in some copies of the K مِخْفَفَة,] which signifies the same. (TA.)

زِرَادَةٌ ذ The art of fabricating coats of mail; (A, TA;) as also سِرَادَةٌ. (TA.)

زَرَّادٌ ذ A strangler or one who throttles, or squeezes the throat; syn. خَنَّاقٌ. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And A fabricator of coats of mail; (S, A, K;) as also سَرَّادٌ. (TA.)

مَزْرَدٌ ذ [The place of strangling or throttling; like ↓ مُزَرَّدٌ; meaning] the fauces; (S, K, TA;) the throat, or gullet. (TA.)

مِزْرَدٌ ذ : see زِرَادٌ.

مُزَرَّدٌ ذ : see مَزْرَدٌ. One says, أَخَذَ بِمُزَرَّدِهِ, like أَخَذَ بِمُخَنَّقِهِ, [properly He, or it, seized his throat, or throttled him, or choked him, ] meaning (tropical:) he, or it, straitened him. (A, TA.)

مَزْرُودٌ ذ Strangled, throttled, or having his throat squeezed. (TA.) And, applied to the fauces [or throat], Squeezed, or compressed. (S.)

Q. 1 زَرْدَمَهُ ذ , (S, K,) inf. n. زَرْدَمَةٌ, (TA,) He squeezed his throat: (S, K:) or he throttled him; or strangled him: (K:) as also زَرْدَبَهُ. (TA.) ― -b2- And He swallowed it. (K.)

زَرْدَمَةٌ ذ inf. n. of the verb above. (TA.) -A2- Also The place of swallowing: (S, K:) or the غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis ]: (K:) or, as some say, it is [the part ] beneath the حُلْقُوم [or windpipe: or, app., the part beneath the head of the حلقوم]: and in it, or upon it, is set the tongue: some say that the word is Pers. [in origin; app. holding it to be arabicized from the Pers. زَرْدَمَنْ, which signifies the “ windpipe ”]. (TA.)

زِرَاطٌ ذ : see سِرَاطٌ.

1 زَرَعَ ذ , aor. زَرَعَ , (K,) inf. n. زَرْعٌ (S, TA) and زِرَاعَةٌ, (TA,) He sowed, or cast seed; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ اِزْدَرَعَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally اِزْتَرَعَ, the ت being changed into د in order that it may agree with the ز, (S, K,) for د and ز are pronounced with the voice as well as the breath, whereas ت is pronounced with the breath only: (S, TA:) [or the latter verb, as appears from an explanation of it to be found below, may signify he sowed for himself. ] They say, مَنْ زَرَعَ حَصَدَ [ He who sows reaps ]. (TA.) And [they use this verb transitively, saying,] زَرَعْتُ البُرَّ وَالشَّعِيرَ [ I sowed wheat and barley ]: and in like manner, زَرَعْتُ الشَّجَرَ [ I sowed the trees; or sowed the seeds which should produce the trees: or it may signify I planted the trees ]. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed.) And زَرَعَ الحُبَّ لَكَ فِى القُلُوبِ كَرَمُكَ وَحُسْنُ خُلُقِكَ (tropical:) [ Thy generosity and the goodness of thy disposition have sown love for thee in the hearts ]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلِيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ فَاـِنْ أَبَى فَلِيُمْسِكْ أَرْضَهُ [ Whoso hath land, ] let him sow it [ or let him lend it, or give it, to his brother; and if he refuse, let him retain his land ]. (TA.) ― -b2- زَرَعَ الأَرْضَ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. زَرْعٌ, (Msb,) signifies [also] (tropical:) He ploughed up, or tilled, or cultivated, the land, or ground, for sowing. (Mgh, Msb.) Hence [the saying in a trad.], اـِذَا زَرَعَتْ هٰذِهِ الأُمَّةُ نُزِعَ مِنْهَا النَّصْرُ (tropical:) When this nation shall employ itself altogether with agriculture and the affairs of the present world, and turn away from warring against unbelievers and the like, aid shall be withdrawn from it. (Mgh.) ― -b3- زَرَعَهُ ا@للّٰهُ signifies God caused it, or made it, to grow, vegetate, or germinate; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) and, to increase; (Mgh;) namely, الحَرْثَ [ the seed-produce ]. (Mgh, Msb;) The verb is properly thus used of divine affairs, exclusively of human: (Er-Rághib:) and hence the saying in the Kur [lvi. 63-4], أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا تَحْرُثُونَ أَأَنْتُمْ تَزْرَعُونَهُ أَمْ نَحْنُ الزَّارِعُونَ (S, * Er-Rághib) Now think ye, what ye sow, do ye cause it to grow, or are We the causers of growth? (Bd:) or, as some say, do ye cause it to increase, or are We the causers of its increase? the حَرْث [or sowing] being ascribed to them, and the زَرْع [or causing to grow] exclusively to God: when the latter is ascribed to a man, it is because he is an agent as a means of making to grow; as when you say, أَنْبَتُّ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) I was a means of causing such a thing to grow. (Er-Rághib.) [In like manner,] you say, زَرْعًا ↓ اِزْدَرَعَ, meaning (tropical:) [ He raised seed-produce, i. e., was a means of causing it to grow, ] for himself, in particular. (TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] one says, with respect to a child, زَرَعَهُ ا@للّٰهُ (tropical:) May God render him sound and strong; syn. جَبَرَهُ: (S, K, TA:) like as one says أَنْبَتَهُ ا@للّٰهُ: and in like manner, زَرَعَ ا@للّٰهُ وَلَدَكَ لِلْخَيْرِ (tropical:) [ May God render thine offspring sound and strong, or rather, cause thine offspring to grow up, for the doing, or enjoyment, of what is good ]. (TA.) ― -b5- [Hence also,] زُرِعَ لَهُ بَعْدُ شَقَاوَةٍ (tropical:) [ An increase was made for him after adversity; or] he obtained property after want; for the verb in this instance is like عُنِىَ. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.)

3 مُزَارَعَةٌ ذ is of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ, [denoting a mutual action,] from الزِّرَاعَةُ, (Mgh,) and its signification is well known; (S;) i. e. (tropical:) The making a contract, or bargain, with another, for labour upon land, [ to till and sow and cultivate it, as is indicated in the Mgh and Msb,] for a share, or portion, of its produce, (Msb, K, TA,) the seed being from the owner of the land. (K, TA.) [You say, زَارَعَهُ (tropical:) He made with him a contract, or bargain, such as is above described; and in like manner, خَابَرَهُ, and اآكَرَهُ. The doing this is forbidden, because of the uncertainty of the result.]

4 ازرع ذ It (a plant, or herbage,) had, or became in the state of having, زَرْع [i. e. produce of its seed; i. e. it grew from its seed ]: (TA:) and, said of زَرْع [or seed-produce], it became tall: (K:) or, as some say, it produced its leaves: and it attained to the proper time for its being reaped. (TA.) ― -b2- ازرع النَّاسُ signifies أَمْكَنَهُمُ الزَّرْعُ [expl. in the TK as meaning The men, or people, became able to sow seed; i. e., became possessors of seed: but I rather think that it means they had seedproduce within their power, or reach; they became able to avail themselves thereof; or they attained to a season when they had seed produce ]. (K.)

5 تزرّع اـِلَى الشَّرَّ ذ i. q. تسرّع [ He hastened, or made haste, to do evil, or mischief ]. (Sgh, K.)

8 اِزْدَرَعَ ذ , originally اِزْتَرَعَ: see 1, in two places.

10 أَسْتَزْرِعُ ا@للّٰهَ وَلَدِى لِلْبِرِّ وَأَسْتَرْزِقُهُ لَهُ مِنَ الحِلِّ ذ (tropical:) [ I beg God to make my offspring grow up for piety, and I beg of Him means of subsistence for them, or him, of such kind as is of lawful attainment ]. (TA.)

زَرْعٌ ذ , originally an inf. n., [see 1,] (Mgh, Msb, TA,) used as a subst. properly so termed, signitying Seed-produce; what is raised by means of sowing; (Mgh, Msb;) what is sown; (K, TA;) while in growth, [i. e. standing corn, and the like, ] (K and TA voce أَزْرَعَ,) and also after it has been reaped; (S and Msb and K in art. رفع, &c.;) its predominant application is to wheat and barley; (TA;) but it signifies also plants, or herbage, [ in general, ] such as one reaps; or, as some say, only while fresh and juicy: (Msb:) [and often a sown field: ] pl. زُرُوعٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] (tropical:) Offspring, or children; or a child. (IDrd, K, TA.) You say, هٰؤُلَاآءِ زَرْعُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) These are the offspring, or children, of such a one. (IDrd, TA.) And هُوَ زَرْعُ الرَّجُلِ (tropical:) He is the offspring, or child, of the man. (TA.) ― -b3- And (assumed tropical:) The seed, or seminal fluid, of a man. (TA.) ― -b4- [And (assumed tropical:) The fruit, or harvest, of a man's conduct; as though it were the produce of what he sowed.] One says, بِئْسَ الزَّرْعُ زَرْعُ المُذْنِبِ (assumed tropical:) [ Very evil is the fruit, or harvest, of conduct; the fruit, or harvest, of the conduct of the sinner ]. (TA.)

زَرْعَةٌ ذ and ↓ زُرْعَةٌ and ↓ زِرْعَةٌ and ↓ زَرَعَةٌ A place in which to sow. (AHn, Sgh, K.) You say, مَا فِى الأَرْضِ زَرْعَةٌ, &c., (K,) or زَرْعَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ, &c., and in like manner, عَلَى الأَرْضِ, (TA,) There is not in the land, (K,) or upon the land, (TA,) a place, (K,) or a single place, (TA,) in which to sow. (K, TA.) ― -b2- [The first also app. signifies An ear of corn: see سَبَلٌ.]

زُرْعَةٌ ذ : see زَرْعَةٌ. ― -b2- Also Seed, or grain, for sowing, or that is sown; syn. بَذْرٌ. (K.) You say, أَعْطِنِى زُرْعَةً أَزْرَعُ بِهَا أَرْضِى [ Give thou to me seed that I may sow therewith my land ]. (TA.) [See also زَرِيعَةٌ.] ― -b3- And (tropical:) The young one of a قَبْجَة [generally meaning a partridge ]. (Z, TA.)

زِرْعَةٌ ذ : see زَرْعَةٌ.

زَرَعَةٌ ذ : see زَرْعَةٌ.

زَرِيعٌ ذ [ i. q. ↓ مَزْرُوعٌ Sown: &c.: see زَرِيعَةٌ]. ― -b2- Seed produce that is watered by the rain. (Ham p. 657.) ― -b3- And hence, (tropical:) Anything soft, or tender; as being likened thereto. (Id.)

زِرَاعَةٌ ذ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.: and] The business, or occupation, of sowing, (tropical:) ploughing up, tilling, or cultivation, land. (Mgh, * Msb, * TA.)

زَرِيعَةٌ ذ A thing that is sown; (IDrd, K;) sometimes used in this sense; as though meaning ↓ مَزْرُوعَةٌ: (IDrd:) or grain that is sown: زَرِّيعَةٌ, with teshdeed, is wrong. (IB.) [See also زُرْعَةٌ.]

زَرَّاعٌ ذ : see زَارِعٌ. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) A calumniator: (IAar:) one who sows rancours in the hearts of friends. (TA.)

زِرِّيعٌ ذ (tropical:) What grows in land that has been left unsown for a year or more, from what has become scattered upon it in the days of the reaping; (K;) i. e., of the grain; mentioned by Sgh, on the authority of ISh; and by Z, who says that it is also called كَاثٌّ. (TA.)

زَرَّاعَةٌ ذ : see مَزْرَعَةٌ, in two places.

زَارِعٌ ذ [act. part. n. of 1:] i. q. ↓ زَرَّاعٌ (TA) [One who sows: ] (tropical:) one who ploughs up, tills, or cultivates, land: (Mgh:) pl. زُرَّاعٌ. (TA.) By this pl., in the Kur xlviii. 29, are meant Mohammad and his Companions, the inviters to El-Islám. (Zj.) ― -b2- Causing to grow, vegetate, or germinate: (S, TA:) causing to increase: (TA:) pl. with ون. (S, TA.) -A2- Also The name of a certain dog: (Ibn-'Abbád, IF, K:) whence أَوْلَادُ زَارِعٍ meaning (tropical:) dogs. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K.)

مَزْرَعَةٌ ذ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and مَزْرُعَةٌ (Sgh, L, K) and مَزْرِعَةٌ (K) A place of زَرْع [or seed-produce ]; as also ↓ مُزْدَرَعٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ زَرَّاعَةٌ; (Ham p. 657;) or this last signifies land that is sown: (TA:) pl. of the first مَزَارِعُ; (TA;) and of ↓ the last زَرَّاعَاتٌ. (Ham, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence the saying,] الدُّنْيَا مَزْرَعَةُ الاآخِرَةِ (tropical:) [ The present world is the place in which is produced the fruit, or harvest, to be reaped in the world to come ]. (TA.)

مَزْرُوعٌ ذ and مَزْرُوعَةٌ: see زَرِيعٌ and زَرِيعَةٌ.

مُزْدَرَعٌ ذ : see مَزْرَعَةٌ.

مُزْدَرِعٌ ذ (tropical:) One who raises seed-produce (يَزْدَرِعُ زَرْعًا) for himself, in particular. (TA.)

زَرَافَةٌ ذ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ زُرَافَةٌ (Msb as on the authority of A'Obeyd [but not found by me elsewhere in the sense here assigned to it]) and ↓ زَرَافَّةٌ, [which is of a rare form, like حَمَارَّةٌ, q. v.,] (A'Obeyd, IF, S, Msb, K,) this last mentioned by El-Kanánee, (A'Obeyd, S,) and by Kzz in his Jámi', but not known to A'Obeyd on any other authority than that of El-Kanánee, and the first is said by him (A'Obeyd) to be preferable, (TA,) A company, or congregated body, of men: (S, Msb, K:) or ten thereof: (K, TA:) accord. to some copies of the K what is termed an عَشِيرَة [i. e. a small portion of a tribe, &c.,] thereof: (TA:) pl. زَرَافَاتٌ (IF, S, Mgh, Msb) and زَرَافَّاتٌ: (IF, Msb:) in a poem of Lebeed, زَرَّافَات, with teshdeed to the ر. (TA.) One says, أَتَانِى القَوْمُ ↓ بِزَرَافَّتَهِمْ [or بِزَرَافَتِهِمْ, i. e. The people, or party, came to me with their whole company; meaning, all together ]. (TA.) -A2- Also زَرَافَةٌ and ↓ زُرَافَةٌ, (S, O, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) the latter, only, mentioned by IDrd, (TA,) who says, I doubt whether it be a genuine Arabic word, or not, (Msb, TA,) but some say that the latter is vulgar, (TA,) and ↓ زَرَافَةٌ and ↓ زُرَافَّةٌ, (O, L, Msb, K,) but the first of these four is the most chaste, (L, TA,) [The camelopard, or giraffe; ] a certain beast, (S, K, [in the Mgh erroneously said to be a beast of prey,]) of beautiful make, the fore legs of which are longer than its kind legs; (TA;) said to be called by a name signifying جَمَاعَةٌ because it has the form of an assemblage of animals; (Msb;) in Pers. called أُشْتُرْ Gَاوْ Pَلَنْك, (S, Mgh, K,) i. e. camel-ox-leopard, (TA,) because it has resemblances to the camel and the ox and the leopard: (K, TA:) pl. زَرَافَى, or زُرَافَى, or زَرَافِىُّ, (accord. to different copies of the K, the last accord. to the TA,) like زَرَابِىُّ. (TA.)

زُرَافَةٌ ذ : see the preceding paragraph, in two places.

زَرَافَّةٌ ذ and زُرَافَّةٌ: see the first paragraph; the former in three places.

Q. 1 زَرْفَنَ صُدْغَيْهِ ذ He disposed the hair hanging down upon each of his temples in the form of a زُِرْفِين [or ring ]: (S, * K:) but this is postclassical. (S.)

زُرْفِينٌ ذ and زِرْفِينٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) or the latter is the correct word, for there is no word of the measure فُعْلِيلٌ in the language, (Az, TA,) [though the former is agreeable with the Pers. word which is the original,] A ring of a door: (Mgh, K:) or [ a ring ] in a general sense: (K:) pl. زَرَافِينُ, occurring in a trad. as applied to rings of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet, by which rings it was suspended: (TA:) arabicized, (S, K,) from the Pers. [زُرْفِينْ]. (S.) ― -b2- The latter also signifies A company of men [app. disposed in the form of a ring ]. (TA.)

1 زَرِقَ ذ , (MA, TA,) [aor. زَرَقَ ,] inf. n. زَرَقٌ (S, MA, KL, TA) and زُرْقَةٌ, (MA,) [or the latter is a simple subst.,] He had that colour of the eye which is termed زُرْقَة [q. v.]; (S, TA;) [i. e.] he was blue-eyed; (KL;) or gray-eyed; (MA, PS;) or of a greenish hue in the eye [so I render the Pers. explanation سبز Jشم شد]. (MA.) And زَرِقَتْ عَيْنُهُ; (S, K;) and عَيْنُهُ ↓ ازرقّت, inf. n. اِزْرِقَاقٌ; (S;) and عَيْنُهُ ↓ ازراقّت, (S, MA,) inf. n. اِزْرِيقَاقٌ; (S;) His eye was of the colour termed زُرْقَةٌ; (S, K;) [i. e.] his eye was gray; (MA;) [&c.] ― -b2- And زَرِقَ, (TK,) inf. n. زَرَقٌ, (K, TK,) He (a man, TK) was, or became, blind. (K, * TK.) ― -b3- [And زَرِقَ النَّصْلُ, inf. n. زَرَقٌ, is app. used as signifying The iron head or blade of an arrow &c. was, or became, very clear or bright: see زَرَقٌ, below.] ― -b4- And زَرِقَ المَاآءُ The water was, or became, clear; as also ↓ ازرقّ. (Msb.) -A2- زَرَقَتْ عَيْنُهُ نَحْوِى His eye turned towards me so that the white thereof appeared; (S, K;) as also ↓ أَزْرَقَتْ and ↓ اِزْرَقَّتْ. (Fr, K.) -A3- زَرَقَهُ, (Mgh,) or زَرَقَهُ بِمِزْرَاقٍ, (S, K,) or بِرُمْحٍ, (Msb,) aor. زَرُقَ , (Msb, TA,) inf. n. زَرْقٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He cast at him, (S, Mgh, K,) or he thrust him, or pierced him, (Mgh, Msb,) with a مزراق [or javelin ], (S, Mgh, K,) or with a spear. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] زَرَقَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ, and بِبَصَرِهِ, (tropical:) He looked sharply, or intently, or attentively, at him; he cast his eye at him. (TA.) ― -b3- زَرَقَتِ الرَّحْلَ, (S, TA,) or الحِمْلَ, (TA,) She (a camel) made the saddle, (S, TA,) or the load, (TA,) to shift backwards: (S, TA:) and حِمْلَهَا ↓ أَزْرَقَتْ, (K,) inf. n. اـِزْرَاقٌ, (TA,) She (a camel) made her load to shift backwards. (K.) [See also 2.] -A4- زَرَقَ, aor. زَرُقَ and زَرِقَ , (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. زَرْقٌ, (Msb,) said of a bird, i. q. ذَرَقَ [i. e. It muted, or dunged ]. (S, Msb, K.)

2 زرّق ذ , accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, “ i. q. Pers. Jكانيد, Fecit ut stillaret, stillatim emisit: ” but it appears from my copy of the KL that this should be زهّق; for I there find تَزْهِيقٌ (not تَزْرِيقٌ) expl. by the Pers. Jكانيدن: then, however, immediately follows, in that copy, another explanation: ― -b2- and The shifting backwards of a camel's saddle from his back: therefore it seems that either تَزْرِيقٌ is there omitted before this second explanation, (see 1, last sentence but one, and see 7,) or تَزْهِيقٌ is there a mistake for تَزْرِيقٌ.]

4 أَزْرَقَ see 1, in two places.

7 انزرق ذ It (an arrow) passed through, and went forth on the other side: (Lth, K:) and in like manner a spear. (K in art. زرنق.) ― -b2- He, or it, passed, so as to go beyond and away. (TA.) ― -b3- He entered into a burrow, and lay hid. (K in art. زرنق.) ― -b4- It (a camel's saddle, S, K, and a load, TA) shifted backwards. (S, K, TA. [In the CK, الرَّجُلُ is erroneously put for الرَّحْلُ. See an ex. in art. زهق, conj. 4.]) ― -b5- He (a man, As) laid himself down on his back. (As, K.)

9 اـِزْرَقَّ see 1, in three places.

11 اـِزْرَاْقَّ see 1, second sentence.