Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

8 استهل ذ , of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ from السَّهْلُ, occurs in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَىَّ فَقَدِ ا@سْتَهَلَ مَكَانَهُ فِى جَهَنَّمَ, meaning [ He who lies against me ] takes for himself easily his place of abode in Hell. (TA.)

10 استسهلهُ ذ He reckoned it سَهْل, (S, K,) i. e. easy, or facile. (TK.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce أَوْ, p. 123.]

سَهْلٌ ذ Smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft: (Msb:) or anything inclining to smoothness or softness, plainness or levelness, or smoothness and softness; (JK, M, K;) inclining to have little roughness, or ruggedness and hardness; (JK, M, TA;) and ↓ سَهِلٌ signifies the same. (K.) You say أَرْضٌ سَهْلَةٌ, [meaning the same as سَهْلٌ used as a subst., expl. in what follows,] (S, Msb,) contr. of حَزْنَةٌ. (TA.) See also 2, last sentence. ― -b2- Also Easy, or facile; (MA, Mgh, KL;) contr. of صَعْبٌ. (Mgh.) You say رَجُلٌ سَهْلُ الخُلُقِ [ A man easy of disposition ]: (S, Msb, * TA:) [and] سَهْلُ المَقَادَةِ [ easy to be led ]. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ سَهْلُ المَأْخَذِ (tropical:) [ Language easy in respect of the source of derivation ]. (TA.) رَجُلٌ سَهْلُ الوَجْهِ, (K, TA,) a phrase mentioned, but not explained, by Lh, (TA,) means A man having little flesh in the face, (K, TA,) in the opinion of ISd: and [it is said that] سَهْلُ الخَدَّيْنِ, in a description of the approved characteristics of the Prophet, means having expanded cheeks, not elevated in the balls thereof. (TA.) -A2- [As a subst.,] A smooth or soft, plain or level, or smooth and soft, tract of land; [generally meaning a soft tract, or a plain; ] (IF, S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) i. e. contr. of جَبَلٌ, (S, Msb,) or of حَزْنٌ: (IF, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) it is one of the nouns that are used as adv. ns. [of place]: (TA:) [for ex. you say, نَزَلُوا سَهْلًا, (a phrase occurring in the TA,) meaning They alighted and abode in a سهل:] pl. سُهُولٌ (MA, Msb, K) and سُهُولَةٌ [of which latter an ex. occurs in a verse cited voce رَأْسٌ.] (MA.) -A3- Also The crow; i. e. raven, carrion-crow, rook, &c.; syn. غُرَابٌ. (K.)

سَهِلٌ ذ : see سَهْلٌ, first sentence. ― -b2- نَهْرٌ سَهِلٌ, (S, K,) and أَرْضٌ سَهِلَةٌ, (K,) [ A river, and a land, ] having, (S,) or abounding with, (K,) what is termed سِهْلَةٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.)

سِهْلَةٌ ذ Sea-sand: (IAar, TA:) or sand such as is not fine: (S:) or coarse sand, such as is not fine and soft: (IAth, TA:) or a sort of earth like sand, (JK, K,) brought by water: (K:) or sand of a conduit in which water runs: (S in art. رض:) سِهْلَةُ الزُّجَاجِ is sea-sand that is made an ingredient in the substance of glass: (Mgh:) Az says that he had not heard the word سِهْلَة except on the authority of Lth. (TA.) [And Coarse sand that comes forth from the bladder; (Golius on the authority of Meyd;) what we commonly term gravel. ]

سُهْلِىٌّ ذ , with damm, [ Of, or relating to, and growing in, and pasturing in, the kind of tract termed سَهْل;] a rel. n. from سَهْلٌ, (S, Msb, K,) or from أَرْضٌ سَهْلَةٌ, (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, TA,) irregularly formed. (S, Msb.) You say نَبْتٌ سُهْلِىٌّ [ A plant growing in the سَهْل]. (The Lexicons passim.) And بَعِيرٌ سُهِلىٌّ A camel that pastures in the سَهْل. (K.)

سَهُولٌ ذ Laxative to the bowels; syn. مَشُوٌّ; (O, K; in the CK [erroneously] مُشُوّ;) as also ↓ مُسْهِلٌ; applied to a medicine. (Msb, TA.)

سُهَيْلٌ ذ A certain star [ well known; namely, Canopus ]; (T, S, K;) not seen in Khurásán, but seen in El-'Irák; (T, TA;) as Ibn-Kunáseh says, seen in El-Hijáz and in all the land of the Arabs, but not seen in the land of Armenia; and between the sight thereof by the people of ElHijáz and the sight thereof by the people of El- 'Irák are twenty days: (TA:) it is said that سهيل was a tyrannical collector of the tithes on the road to El-Yemen, and God transformed him into a star: (Lth, TA:) [ it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the ear of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.: the place where it rises, in that latitude, is S. 29 degrees E.; and the place where it sets, in the same latitude, S. 29 degrees W.: (see 10 in art. حب: and see جَنُوبٌ:)] at the time of its [ auroral ] rising, the fruits ripen, and the قَيْظ [q. v., here meaning the greatest heat, ] ends. (K.) [بَالَ سُهَيْلٌ, which is a prov., and the saying of a poet, بَالَ سُهَيْلٌ فِى الفَضِيخِ فَفَسَدْ have been expl. in art. بول.] 'Omar Ibn-'AbdAllah Ibn-Abee-Rabeea says respecting Suheyl Ibn-'Abd-Er-Rahmán Ibn-'Owf, and his taking in marriage Eth-Thureiyà El-'Ableeyeh of the Benoo-Umeiyeh, deeming their coming together to be a strange thing by likening them to the stars named Eth-Thureiyà and Suheyl, أَيُّهَا المُنْكِحُ الثُّرَيَّا سُهَيْلًا عَمْرَكَ ا@للّٰهَ كَيْفَ يَلْتَقِيَانِ هِىَ شَامِيَّةٌ اـِذَا مَا ا@سْتَقَلَّتْ وَسُهَيْلٌ اـِذَا ا@سْتَقَلَّ يَمَانِى [ O thou marrier of Eth-Thureiyà to Suheyl, by thine acknowledgment of the everlasting existence of God, (or, as it sometimes means, I ask God to prolong thy life, ) tell me, how can they meet together? She is of the northern region when she rises, and Suheyl, when he rises, is of the southern region ]. (Har p. 276. [But I have substituted ا@للّٰهَ for اللّٰهُ, and يَمَانِى for يَمَانٍ. See also the notice of the poet above named in the work of Ibn-Khillikán: (I have the express authority of the TA for thus writing this name:) and De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 139.]) [Freytag states that قَدَمَا سُهَيْلٍ is the name of Two stars which are behind Canopus; on the authority of Meyd: and also mentions the name of سهيل الشام, and سهيل الفرد, as given to Certain stars in the constellation Anguis; adding that Canopus is distinguished from سهيل الشام by the name of سهيل اليمن.] The name of أُخْتَاسُهَيْلٍ [ The two sisters of Canopus ] is applied to الشِّعْرَى العَبُورُ [or Sirius ] and الشِّعْرَى الغُمَيْصَاآءُ [or Procyon ], together. (S and K in art. شعر.) [See also حَضَارِ and الوَزْنُ.]

أَكْذَبُ مِنْ سُهَيْلَةَ ذ is a prov., (O, K,) said to mean [ More lying than ] the wind: (O:) or سهيلة was a certain liar. (K.)

مُسْهَلٌ ذ Relaxed, or loosened, by medicine; applied to the belly: no credit is to be given to people's saying مَسْهُولٌ, unless an express authority be found for it. (Msb.)

مُسْهِلٌ ذ : see سَهُولٌ. [Also an attenuant medicine.]

1 سَهَمْتُهُ ذ , aor. سَهَمَ , inf. n. سَهْمٌ: see 3. -A2- سَهَمَ, (S, MA, K,) aor. سَهَمَ ; (K;) and سَهُمَ, aor. سَهُمَ ; inf. n. سُهُومٌ, (S, MA, K,) of both verbs, (S, TA,) and of the latter سُهُومَةٌ also, agreeably with analogy; (Har p. 449;) He, (a man, TA,) or it, (one's face, S, MA, and Har ubi suprà,) was, or became, altered in colour, (MA,) or he was, or became, lean or lank, in the belly, and altered [ in colour ]; (S, K, and Har ubi suprà;) [or, accord. to an explanation of سُهُومٌ in the Ham p. 360, he, or it, was, or became, altered in colour, and emaciated, and dried up; ] and سُهِمَ, also, aor. يُسْهَمُ, inf. n. سُهُومٌ, has the first of these meanings: (MA:) [see also سُهُومٌ below:] or سُهِمَ signifies he (a man) was, or became, lean, or lank, in the belly: (TA:) or he (a man, S) was, or became, smitten, or affected, by the heat of the [ wind called ] سَمُوم, (S, K, [see سَهَامٌ,]) or by the burning, or vehement heat, of summer. (K, TA.)

2 تَسْهِيمٌ ذ The making a garment to be marked with stripes or lines [ like سِهَام, i. e. arrows: see the pass. part. n. below]. (KL. [And the same meaning is indicated in the TA.]) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing a dwelling, [or rather the traces thereof,] كَأَنَّهَا بَعْدَ أَحْوَلٍ مَضَيْنَ لَهَا بِالأَشْيَمَيْنِ يَمَانٍ فِيهِ تَسْهِيمُ [ As though it were, after years had passed with respect to it, in El-Ashyamán, a garment of El-Yemen in which was a marking with stripes or lines: the epithet يَمَانٍ being often applied to a garment of this kind, and ثَوْبٌ being here understood]: (TA:) الأَشْيَمَانِ, or, as some call them, الأَشْأَمَانِ, are two places, or two mountains, mentioned by Dhu-r-Rummeh in several places in his poetry. (TA in art. شيم.)

3 ساهمهُ ذ , (S, MA, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَاهَمَةٌ, (Msb,) He shot arrows [سِهَام] with him [ in competition ]. (MA.) ― -b2- [And hence,] He cast, or drew, lots [or more properly arrows for sortilege, as expl. in the PS,] with him; practised sortilege [or sortilege with arrows ] with him; or competed with him in doing so. (S, MA, Mgh, Msb.) You say, ↓ سَاهَمْتُهُ فَسَهَمْتُهُ; (S;) or سَاهَمَهُمْ فَسَهَمَهُمْ; (TA;) aor. of the latter verb سَهَمَ , (S,) and inf. n. سَهْمٌ; (TA;) I competed with him in casting, or drawing, lots [or arrows for sortilege ] or in practising sortilege [or sortilege with arrows ] with him, and overcame him therein; or He did so with them, and overcame them therein. (S, * TA.) Hence, فَسَاهَمَ in the Kur xxxvii. 141, (TA,) where [the objective complement] أَهْلَ السَّفِينَةِ is understood. (Jel.) ― -b3- [And hence, He shared with him, فِى كَذَا in such a thing. See an ex. voce مُشِدٌّ, and another voce نَاوَبَ. ― -b4- And app. He contended with him for a thing: see 6.]

4 اسهم بَيْنَهُمْ ذ i. q. أَقْرَعَ [i. e. He ordered, or commanded, them to cast, or draw, lots, or to practise sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among themselves, for a thing; or he prepared, or disposed, them for doing so; or he cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, or sortilege with arrows, among them: see أَقْرَعَ]. (S.) ― -b2- And أَسْهَمْتُ لَهُ I gave him a lot, share, or portion. (Msb.) -A2- And أَسْهَمَ is syn. with أَسْهَبَ, (K, TA,) meaning He was, or became, loquacious, or profuse of speech: its م is said by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ب. (TA.) [See also مُسْهَمٌ, below.]

6 تساهموا ذ : see 8. ― -b2- [Hence, They shared together. ] El-Hakam El-Khudree says, ثَوْبَاهَا فَفِى الدِّرْعِ رَادَةٌ تَسَاهَمَ وَفَى المِرْطِ لَفَّاوَانِ رِدْفُهُمَا عَبْلُ i. e. Her two garments shared together; for in the shift was a soft, or tender, body, with a slender waist, and within the waist-wrapper were too thick thighs whereof the part above them, behind, was large. (Ham p. 579.) ― -b3- Also They contended [for a thing], one with another. (JM.)

8 استهموا ذ (S, Msb) and ↓ تساهموا (S) They cast, or drew, lots, or practised sortilege, [or sortilege with arrows, ] one with another; syn. اقترعوا (S, Msb) and تقارعوا, (S,) both of which signify the same. (S &c. in art. قرع.)

سَهْمٌ ذ An arrow; i. e. one of what are called نَبْل, (Msb, K, TA,) having the iron head [ and the feathers ] affixed: (TA:) the سَهْم before it has its feathers and its iron head affixed to it is [generally] called قِدْحٌ: (S and K in art. قدح:) accord. to some it signifies the iron head itself; i. q. نَصْلٌ; (Msb;) ISh says that this is its meaning; and he says, if one pick up a نصل, you say “ What is this سَهْم with thee? ” but if one pick up a قِدْح, you do not say thus; and the نَصْل is the broad and long سَهْم, and may be nearly of the length of the space between the extremity of the thumb and that of the fore finger when they are stretched out; and the مِشْقَص is of half the size of the نَصْل: (TA:) [but this meaning of سَهْمٌ seems to be very rare, and little known:] the pl. [of mult.] is سِهَامٌ (S, TA) and [of pauc.] أَسْهُمٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] سَهْمُ الرَّامِى (assumed tropical:) [ The arrow of the archer ], (K,) or [simply] السَّهْمُ [ the arrow ], (Kzw,) a certain constellation, (K, * Kzw,) [namely Sagitta, ] one of the northern constellations, composed of five stars, between the bill [meaning the star β ] of الدَّجَاجَةُ [which is Cygnus ] and النَّسْرُ الطَّائرُ [which consists of the stars α and β and γ of Aquila ], in the Great Milky Way, having its head towards the east and its notch towards the west; and its length, as it appears to the eye, when it is in the middle of the sky, is about two cubits (نَحْوُ ذِرَاعَيْنِ: see ذِرَاعٌ). (Kzw.) ― -b2- Also The قِدْح [or featherless and headless arrow ] with which one casts, or draws, lots, (IAth, Mgh, TA,) in the game called المَيْسِر; (IAth, Mgh, TA;) and the قِدْح with which one plays at a game of hazard [ of any kind; i. e. an arrow for sortilege, and a gaming-arrow ]; the primary meaning of the word being the missile سَهْم; (Mgh;) or the primary meaning is the قِدْح with which one casts, or draws, lost in the game called المَيْسِر: (IAth, TA:) pl. سِهَامٌ (K) [and أَسْهُمٌ, as above]. See a verse cited voce رَقِيبٌ. ― -b3- Then applied to The thing won by him whose arrow is successful [ in the game above mentioned ]. (IAth, TA.) ― -b4- And then (IAth, TA) applied also to A lot, share, or portion, (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) whatever it be; (IAth, TA;) as also ↓ سُهْمَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) pl. of the former سُهْمَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سِهَامٌ [both pls. of mult.] and أَسْهُمٌ [pl. of pauc.] (Mgh, Msb, TA) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ سُهْمَةٌ, (M, K, TA,) this last like أُخْوَةٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., كَانَ لَهُ سَهْمٌ مِنَ الغَنِيمَةِ شَهِدَ أَوْ غَابَ [ There was, or is, for him a share of the spoil whether he were, or be, present or absent ]. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٍ مِنْ هٰذَا كَذَا ↓ سُهْمَةُ The share of such a one, of this, is such a thing: and it may be from السِّهَامُ meaning the arrows (قِدَاح) that are shuffled among the persons competing in sortilege, in order that each one may appropriate to himself what comes forth for him as his share. (Ham p. 579.) ― -b5- سَهْمُ السَّفِينَةِ [ The mast of the ship: so called as being likened to an arrow, because the curved yard of the sail, resembling a bow, is suspended from the top]: (S, and K in art. دقل:) [in like manner] called in Pers. تِيرِ كِشْتِى. (PS in that art.) ― -b6- سَهْمُ البَيْتِ The beam (جَائِز) of the house or chamber; (S, K;) [similarly] called in Pers. تِير. (S voce جَائِزٌ, q. v.) ― -b7- سَهْمٌ also signifies The measure of six cubits [as used] in men's sales and purchases in their measurings of land. (K.) ― -b8- And A stone which is placed upon the entrance of a chamber constructed for the purpose of capturing therein the lion, so that, when he enters it, it falls upon the the entrance and closes it. (K, * TA.) [The word in this sense is also mentioned in the K as written with ش.]

سُهُمٌ ذ , thus, with two dammehs, [The fine filmy substance termed gossamer, ] with the article ال, i. q. غَزْلُ عَيْنِ الشَّمْسِ [lit. the spun-thread of the rays of the sun ]: (IAar, K:) and ↓ سَهَامٌ [signifies the same ], with the article ال i. q. مُخَاطُ الشَّيْطَانِ [q. v., lit, the snivel of the devil ]. (K.) ― -b2- And Overpowering heat. (IAar, K.) -A2- Also [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned, signifying] Intelligent, knowing, or skilful or judicious, working men; (K, TA;) and so with ش. (TA.)

سُهْمَةٌ ذ : see سَهْمٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. ― -b2- Also Relationship. (S, K.) Whence ذُو السُّهْمَةِ [ A relation ]. (S, TA.)

سَهَامٌ ذ The heat of the [ wind called ] سَمُوم; (S, K;) and the burning, or vehement, heat of summer; (K;) and the clouds of dust thereof: or a hot wind; and hot winds; used alike as sing. and pl. (TA.) ― -b2- See also سُهُمٌ. ― -b3- And see what next follows.

سُهَامٌ ذ (S, K) and ↓ سَهَامٌ, (K, and only thus in some copies of the K,) the former mentioned by several authors, (TA,) Leanness, or lankness in the belly, and an altered state (S, K, TA) of the colour, and dryness of the lips. (TA.) ― -b2- And the former, [in some copies of the K the latter, but the former, as is said in the TA, is the right, agreeably with analogy as a word signifying a disease,] A certain disease incident to camels. (El-Umawee, S, K.)

سَهُومٌ ذ , with fet-h [to the س, by Freytag erroneously written سَهَوْمٌ, in consequence of his having been misled by a double mistranscription immediately preceding in the CK], The flying eagle: (K:) the epithet “ flying ” being here used only as an explicative. (TA.)

سُهُومٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1. (S, &c.) ― -b2- Also A frowning (عُبُوسٌ, K, TA) of the face by reason of anxiety. (TA. [In the CK, السَّهُومُ and العَبُوسُ are erroneously put for السُّهُومُ and العُبُوسُ: in the TA, السهوم is expressly said to be with damm, in this case, and the meaning is shown by two verses there cited.])

سَهَّامٌ ذ A maker of arrows. (MA.)

سَاهِمُ الوَجْهِ ذ , applied to a man, Altered in face. (TA.) The saying of 'Antarah, وَالخَيْلُ سَاهِمَةُ الوُجُوهِ كَأَنَّمَا تُسْقَى فَوَارِسُهَا نَقِيعَ الحَنْظَلِ is expl. by Th as meaning And the owners of the horses were altered in their complexions in consequence of the state of difficulty wherein they were [ as though they, i. e. the riders thereof, were given to drink infusion of colocynth ]. (TA.) [But] سَاهِمُ الوَجْهِ, is applied as an epithet to a horse as meaning Urged, or made, to perform a distressing act of running: and in like manner to a man when he is urged, or made, to perform a distressing part in war, or battle. (TA.) ― -b2- [The fem.] سَاهِمَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, means Lean, or lank in the belly: (S, K: [see also مَسْهُومٌ:]) and [its pl.] سَوَاهِمُ, applied to camels, altered by journeying. (S.)

مُسْهَمٌ ذ A horse half-blooded, got by a stallion of generous race out of a mare not of such race; syn. هَجِينٌ: (K:) to [the rider of] such is given less than the سَهْم [or share] of the spoil that is given to [the rider of] the horse of generous race. (TA.) [It is applied in this sense to a stallioncamel as well as to a horse.] A poet says, بَنِى يَثْرِبِىٍّ حَصِّنُوا أَيْنُقَاتِكُمْ وَأَفْرَاسَكُمْ مِنْ ضَرْبِ أَحْمَرَ مُسْهَمِ [ Sons of Yethribee, keep ye your she-camels and your mares from the being covered by one that is red, (i. e. of goodly appearance, for the red among camels are the most admired by the Arabs, and in like manner the bay among horses,) but half-blooded ]: he means, keep ye your women from being taken as wives by such as are not their equals. (TA.) ― -b2- You say also, رَجُلٌ مُسْهَمُ الجِسْمِ A man whose body is wasting away in consequence of love: (K:) and in like manner, مُسْهَمُ العَقْلِ [ whose reason is departing ]: mentioned by Lh: (TA:) and so ↓ مُسْهِم, in both cases: (TA voce مُسْهَبٌ, q. v.:) the م being a substitute for ب. (TA in the present art.) ― -b3- And مُسْهَمٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ مُسْهِمٌ, (CK,) [both app. correct,] from أَسْهَمَ, is like مُسْهَبٌ [q. v.], (K, TA,) or مُسْهِبٌ, (CK,) from أَسْهَبَ, in measure and in meaning; (K, TA;) meaning Loquacious, or profuse in speech: the م, accord. to Yaakoob, being [in this case also] a substitute for ب. (TA.)

مُسْهِمٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مُسَهَّمٌ ذ A [garment of the kind called] بُرْد marked with stripes, or lines, (S, K, TA,) like سِهَام [i. e. arrows ]. (TA.) -A2- See also the following paragraph.

مَسْهُومٌ ذ , applied to a man, Lean, or lank in the belly: [see also سَاهِمٌ:] or affected with what is termed سهام [app. سَهَام, and meaning the heat of the wind called سَمُوم]. (TA.) ― -b2- And, applied to a camel, Smitten with the disease termed سُهَام: and so ↓ مُسَهَّمَةٌ applied to camels. (S, K.)

1 سَهَا عَنْهُ ذ , (S, Msb,) or فِيهِ, (K,) aor. يَسْهُو, inf. n. سَهْوٌ (S, Msb, K) and سُهُوٌّ, (M, K,) He was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, or heedless, of it, or inadvertent to it; (S, Msb;) namely, a thing; syn. غَفَلَ عَنْهُ: (S, * Msb:) or he forgot it, or neglected it, (نَسِيَهُ,) and was, or became, unmindful, forgetful, &c., of it, or inadvertent to it, (غَفَلَ عَنْهُ,) his mind adverting to another thing or affair or case; (K, TA;) thus expl. in the M and T; so that السَّهْوُ and الغَفْلَةُ and النِّسْيَانُ are made to be one [in signification]; (TA;) but accord. to Esh-Shiháb, السَّهْوُ is a slight غَفْلَة [or unmindfulness &c.] of that which is within the scope of the retentive faculty, such as when one's attention is roused by the least rousing thereof; whereas النسيان denotes its passing away from the memory entirely; though all are used in one sense by a careless reliance upon the understanding of the reader or hearer: in the Msb it is said that a distinction is made between السَّاهِى and النَّاسِى by the latter's being applied to him who, when he is reminded, remembers, and the former's being applied to him who is in the contrary case: accord. to IAth, سَهَافِى الشَّىْءِ means he neglected, or omitted, the thing unknowingly; and سَهَا عَنْهُ, he neglected, or omitted, it knowingly: or, as some say, السَّهْوُ is the doing wrong from unmindfulness (عَنْ غَفْلَة); as when an insane person reviles another, which is pardonable; and as when one drinks wine and then some unpleasing action proceeds from him unintentionally, which is punishable. (TA.) One says, سَهَافِى الصَّلَاةِ, and عَنْهَا, i. q. غَفَلَ [ He was, or became, unmindful in prayer, and of it ]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence, app., as implying an unexpected event,] حَمَلَتْ سَهْوًا She (a woman, S) conceived in menstruis. (Az, S, Z, K.) And حَمَلَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ سَهْوًا His mother conceived him in menstruis. (JK.) ― -b3- السَّهْوُ also signifies السُّكُونُ (JK, S, K) and اللِّينُ (JK, S,) [app. as an inf. n., i. e. as meaning The being still, or quiet, and gentle; though it is immediately added in the S that the pl. is سِهَاآءٌ; for it seems that an early transcriber of the S has omitted to insert after اللَّينُ the words وَالسَّاكِنُ وَاللَّيِّنُ: see سَهْوٌ below]. One says, فَعَلَهُ سَهْوًا رَهْوًا He did it voluntarily, without its being asked, or demanded; (K, TA;) and without constraint: (TA:) or quietly, or calmly, without being hard, or difficult. (TA in art. رهو.) And سَهَا اـِلَيْهِ He looked at him, or it, with motionless eye. (Msb, TA.) And العَيْنُ تَسْهُو فِيهِ The eye expatiates in it; syn. تَنْبَسِطُ. (JK.) -A2- سَهَاوَةٌ, as denoting a quality of a camel, The being easy to ride; (K;) an inf. n., of which the verb is سَهُوَ. (TA.) -A3- مَالٌ لَا يُسْهَى وَلَا يُنْهَى [ Cattle ] of which the end is not to be reached. (AA, JK, S, K.) You say, يَرَاحُ عَلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ مِنَ المَالِ مَا لَا يُسْهَىوَلَا يُنْهَى [ There returns from the place of pasture in the evening, or afternoon, to the sons of such a one, of cattle, ] what is not to be numbered for multitude: (T, TA:) or what is not to be computed, or computed by conjecture. (IAar, TA.) And ذَهَبَتْ تَمِيمُ فَلَا تُسْهَى وَلَا تُنْهَى, meaning لَا تُذْكَرُ [i. e. Temeem went away, and will not be remembered, or will not be mentioned ]: a saying of El-Ahmar. (TA.)

3 ساهاهُ ذ , inf. n. مُسَاهَاةٌ, i. q. غَافَلَهُ [app. meaning He acted with him in the manner of him who is unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent ]. (TA.) [Or] the inf. n. signifies [The acting with moderation with another; or] the abstaining from going to the utmost length in social intercourse: (S, K:) or the being easy, or facile, with another: (A, TA:) or the behaving in a good [or pleasing ] manner in social intercourse: (T, TA:) or the comporting oneself with another, or others, (مُخَالَقَةٌ,) in a good manner, in social intercourse. ('Eyn, M, TA.) And one says, هُوَ يُسَاهِى أَصْحَابَهُ He comports himself with his companions, or does so with good nature; syn. يُخَالِقُهُمْ. (TA.) And ساهاهُ means also He mocked at him, or derided him. (TA.)

4 اسهى ذ He (a man, TA) constructed what is termed a سَهْوَة (K, TA) in a بَيْت [or chamber &c.]. (TA.)

السُّهَا ذ [often written السُّهَى] A certain dim star, (S, K,) in [ the asterism called ] بَنَات نَعْش الكُبْرَى, (S, [in the K, erroneously, بنات نعش الصُّغْرَى,]) by the middle star of those thus called; (TA;) [i. e.] a small star by that called العَنَاقُ, ( which latter is the middle star [ ζ ] of the three in the tail of Ursa Major, Kzw,) by looking at which persons try their powers of sight; (Kzw, TA;) mentioned in art. قود [voce قَائِدٌ, q. v.]; (K;) [it is the star 80, by ζ ;] also called ↓ السُّهَيَّا, which is the diminutive. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أُرِيهَا السُّهَا وَتُرِينِى القَمَرَ [ I show her Es-Suhà and she shows me the moon ]. (S, TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. vol. i. pp. 527—9.]) And one says, أَنَّى يَلْتَقِى سُهَيْلٌ وَالسُّهَا How can Suheyl [or Canopus ] meet Es-Suhà? for the former is southern and the latter is northern. (Har p. 276.)

سَهْوٌ ذ [an inf. n. used as an epithet,] Easy; applied to a man, and to an affair, (K, TA,) and to an object of want: (TA:) and so [the fem.] سَهْوَةٌ, applied to a mare; and applied to a she-mule as meaning easy in pace, that does not fatigue her rider: the epithet سَهْوٌ, however, is not applied to a he-mule: so in the T: (TA:) [but] it is applied to a he-camel, meaning easy to ride: and سَهْوَةٌ to a she-camel, (K, TA,) meaning gentle, easy to ride: and رَاهٍ ↓ سَاهٍ, applied to a he-camel, means [likewise] gentle in pace; and so [the pls.] سَوَاهٍ رَوَاهٍ applied to camels: (TA:) [and so ↓ سَهْوَاآءُ applied to a mare; for] a certain mare was named السَّهْوَاآءُ because of the gentleness of her pace. (TA.) Also, applied to water, Cool, sweet, or limpid; easy of descent in the throat. (K, * TA.) And قَوْسٌ سَهْوَةٌ A bow that is compliant, (K, TA,) and easy. (TA.) And رِيحٌ سَهْوٌ A gentle wind: [or a quiet, gentle wind: ] pl. سِهَاآءٌ: (TA:) a poet (said to be El-Hárith Ibn- 'Owf, TA) says, تَنَاوَحَتِ الرَّيَاحُ لِفَقْدِ عَمْرٍو وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَ مَهْلِكِهِ سِهَاآءَا i. e. [ The winds blew violently for the loss of 'Amr; but they were before his death ] quiet and gentle. (S, TA.) One says also أَرْضٌ سَهْوَةٌ Soft land, without barrenness. (TA.) -A2- And السَّهْوُ means The moon, in the language of the Nabathæans. (JK.)

سِهْوٌ ذ : see سِهْوَاآءٌ

سَهْوَةٌ ذ An instance, or a case, of unmindfulness, forgetfulness, neglectfulness, heedlessness, or inadvertence. (Msb.) -A2- A rock, or great mass of stone, (K,) in the dial. of Teiyi, who call nothing else by this name: so in the M: or, accord. to the T, in that dial., the rock, or great mass of stone, upon which the waterer [app. of camels ] stands: (TA:) or a rock, or great mass of stone, standing up, not having any foundation [app. meaning not partly imbedded ] in the ground: and in the dial. of Teiyi, a single stone, great or small. (JK.) ― -b2- A بَيْت [app. here meaning booth, or the like, ] which the Arabs of the desert set up at the water, and by the shade of which they shelter themselves. (TA.) A صُفَّة [or kind of roofed vestibule, or the like, or a covering for shade and shelter ], (K, TA,) between two houses: (TA:) or a thing like the صُفَّة, which is before, or in the front of, houses: (As, JK, S:) or [in some copies of the K “ and ”] a kind of closet (مُِخْدَع) between two chambers, (K, TA,) in which the waterers of the camels shelter themselves: or, as some say, a small wall which is build between the two [ opposite main ] walls of the chamber, the roof being placed over the whole; what is in the middle [or main part ] of the chamber being [ called ] a سَهْوَة; [see عَرْسٌ;] and what is within it, [app. behind, ] a مُِخْدَع: (TA:) or the like of a رَفّ and طَاق, [app. meaning a kind of arched construction with a flat top which forms a shelf, against a wall; or simply a shelf, or ledge projecting from a wall, (see رَفٌّ and طَاقٌ,)] in which, or upon which, a thing is placed: (ISd, K:) or a small بَيْت [or chamber ], (S, K,) descending into the earth, having its roof elevated above the ground, (S,) resembling a small خِزَانَة [or closet, or storeroom ], (S, K,) in which are [ deposited ] the household-goods, or furniture and utensils; thus as heard by A'Obeyd from more than one of the people of El-Yemen: (S:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (JK,) four sticks, or pieces of wood, (JK, K,) or three, (K,) which are placed crosswise, one upon another, and upon which is then put anything of the household-goods, or furniture and utensils: (JK, K:) so in the M: (TA:) and (accord. to the T, TA) i. q. كَنْدُوجٌ, (K,) which means a small closet or store-room: (TA:) and i. q. رَوْشَنٌ and كُوَّةٌ [i. e. a window, or mural aperture ]: and a [ kind of curtained canopy, or the like, such as is called ] حَجَلَة: and a curtain, or screen, before the court, or yard, of a house, (K, TA,) and sometimes, surrounding the house, like a wall: (TA:) its pl. (in all of these senses, K, TA) is سِهَاآءٌ (JK, K, TA) and سَهَوَاتٌ. (JK.)

سَهْوَاآءُ ذ : see سَهْوٌ: -A2- and see also what here follows.

سِهْوَاآءٌ ذ , (IAar, JK, S, TA,) like سِعْوَاآءٌ and تِهْوَاآءٌ, all with kesr, on the authority of IAar, but in the K ↓ سَهْوَاآء, (TA,) A [ portion, or short portion, such as is termed ] سَاعَة, of the night; (S, K, TA;) and (S, TA) the first part thereof: (JK, S, TA:) or it may be like ↓ سَهْوَان, [which is app. in this case with tenween, and] which seems to mean a period in which people are unmindful of the places, or ways, in which things are, or should be, sought by them; or سهوان may be from سَاهِيَةٌ, expl. below: and مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ↓ سِهْوٌ signifies the same as سِعْو and سَعْو [and سِهْوَاآء] and سِعْوَاء. (Ham p. 708.) One says, لَقِيتُهُ بَعْدَ سِهْوَاآءٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ i. e. [ I met him after a portion, or short portion, of the night; or] after the first part of the night had passed. (JK.)

سَهْوَان ذ : see سَاهٍ: -A2- and see also سِهْوَاآءٌ.

السُّهَيَّا ذ dim. of السُّهَا, q. v.

سَاهٍ ذ Unmindful, forgetful, neglectful, heedless, or inadvertent; (JK, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَهْوَانُ; (S, K;) whence the prov., اـِنَّ المُوَصَّيْنَ بَنُو سَهْوَانْ (S) i. e. Only the unmindful [lit. the sons of the unmindful ] are such as require to be enjoined: (S, Meyd:) or, as some say, by بنو سهوان are meant all mankind; because all become unmindful: but the most correct explanation is, that those who are enjoined to do a thing are subject to unmindfulness: it is applied to him who is unmindful of pursuing that which he is commanded to do: and سهوان may be syn. with [the inf. n.] سَهْوٌ; or it may be an epithet, syn. with سَاهٍ, and is applied to Adam, because he forgot his cove- nant, so that بنو سهوان may mean the sons of Adam, and hence, the unmindful. (Meyd. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 3-4.]) ― -b2- See also سَهوٌ.

سَاهِيَةٌ ذ A tract of land long and wide, without any covert of trees, or the like, [ to obstruct the view, or] to repel the eye. (JK, and Ham p. 708.)

أَسْهَاآءٌ ذ and أَسْهَاآءَةٌ: see what follows.

أَسَاهِىُّ ذ , (JK, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَسْهَاآء, (TA,) i. q. أَلْوَانٌ [generally signifying Colours; but also meaning sorts, or species; and here used in this latter sense, as is indicated in the TA]: a pl. having no sing.: (K, TA:) so in the M: (TA:) or it signifies, (JK,) or signifies also, (TA,) various sorts (ضُرُوبٌ مُخْتَلِفةٌ, JK, TA) of pace of camels; like أَسَاهِيجُ: (TA:) and its sing. is ↓ أَسْهَاآءَةٌ. (JK.)

سَوْ ذ i. q. سَوْفَ, q. v.

1 سَاآءَ ذ , (Lth, M, Msb, K,) aor. يَسُوْءُ, (Lth, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْءٌ, (Lth, M,) or سَوَاآءٌ, like سَحَابٌ, (K,) [but the former is that which is commonly known,] It (a thing, Lth, M) was, or became, evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly. (Lth, M, Msb, K.) It is used in this sense, (IKt, TA,) or [rather] is like بِئْسَ, (Bd, Jel,) in the Kur [xvii. 34], where it is said, سَاآءَ سَبِيلًا [ Evil, &c., is it as a way of acting ]: (IKt, Bd, Jel, TA:) which is like the saying, سَاآءَ هٰذَا مَذْهَبًا [ Evil, &c., is this as a way of acting or believing, &c.]: the noun being in the accus. case as a specificative. (IKt, TA.) And so in the saying, سَاآءَ مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ صَنِيعًا [ Evil, &c., as an action, is that which such a one has done ]. (TA.) ― -b2- One says also, سُؤْتُ بِهِ ظَنًّا, and بِهِ الظَّنَّ ↓ أَسَأْتُ, [lit. I was evil in opinion respecting him, or it, and I made the opinion respecting him, or it, to be evil, each virtually meaning I held, or formed, an evil opinion respecting him, or it, ] the noun being determinate, with the article ال, in the latter case, (ISk, S, Msb, TA,) because it is an objective complement, for the verb is trans., (IB, TA,) and the noun being indeterminate in the former case, (IB, Msb, TA,) because it is in the accus. case as a specificative; (IB, TA;) but some allow it to be indeterminate after ↓ أَسَأْتُ, which is here the contr. of أَحْسَنْتُ. (Msb.) -A2- It is also trans.: (Lth, TA:) you say, سَاآءَهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. يَسُوْؤُهُ, (S,) inf. n. سَوْءٌ (S, M, K) and سُوْءٌ, with damm also, (TA, [and said to be an inf. n. in the Ksh and by Bd in ii. 46, but as it is not mentioned as an inf. n. in the S nor in the M nor in the K, but is expressly said in all these to be a subst., I think that is should be rejected, or regarded as a quasi-inf. n. like كَلَامٌ and ثَوَابٌ &c.,]) سَوَاآةٌ (K) and سَوَاآءَةٌ (AZ, M, K) and سَوَاىءِيَةٌ (S, M, K,) of the measure فَعَالِيَةٌ, like عَلَانِيَةٌ (Kh, S, M,) and سَوَايَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S, M,) and مَسَاآءٌ (M, K) and مَسَاآءَةٌ, (S, M, K,) originally مَسْوَأَةٌ, (Har p. 81,) and مَسَائِيَةٌ, which is originally مَسَاوِئَةٌ, (Kh, S, M, K,) and مَسَايَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S,) and مَسَائِيَّةٌ, (M, K,) this last written in the L with two ى s, [i. e. مَسَاييَِةٌ,] (TA,) [ He did evil to him; ] he did to him that which he disliked, or hated; (M, K;) he displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; contr. of سَرَّهُ. (S.) One says, سُؤْتُ الرَّجُلَ, meaning I displeased, grieved, or vexed, the man by what he saw [or experienced ] from me. (S.) And أَرَدْتُ مَسَاآءَتَكَ and مَسَائِيَتَكَ [ I desired to displease, grieve, or vex, thee ]. (Lth, TA.) And اـِنَّ اللَّيْلَ طَوِيلٌ وَلَا يَسُؤْ بَالُهُ [ Verily the night is long, and may the state thereof not displease, grieve, or vex, me]: meaning لَا يَسُؤْنِى بَالُهُ; and expressing a prayer. (Lh, M. [In the TA, in the place of بَالُهُ is put ما له; as though meaning مَا لَهُ مِنَ الحَوَادِثِ or the like, i. e. its events, or accidents, &c.]) And لَهُ عِنْدِي مَا سَاآءَهُ وَنَاآءَهُ [ I have, belonging to him, or I owe him, what grieved him, and oppressed him by its weight ], and مَا يَسُوْؤُهُ وَيَنُوْؤُهُ [ what does, or will, grieve him, &c.]. (S.) تَرَكَ مَا يَسُوْؤُهُ وَيَنُوْؤُهُ [ He left, or has left, what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight, on the day of judgment, by the responsibility that it has imposed upon him,] is a prov., said of him who has left his property to his heirs. (Meyd, TA.) It is said that El-Mahboobee was possessed of riches; and when death visited him, he desired to make a testament; so it was said to him, “ What wilt thou write? ” and he answered, “ Write ye, 'Such a one,' meaning himself, 'has left what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight:' ” i. e., property which his heirs will devour, while the burden thereof will remain upon him. (Meyd, TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b2- One says also, سُؤْتُ وَجْهَ فُلَانٍ, aor. أَسُوْؤُهُ, inf. n. مَسَاآءَةٌ and مَسَائِيَةٌ, (Lth, TA,) i. q. قَبَحْتُهُ [i. e. I said, May God remove the person (lit. the face ) of such a one far from good, or prosperity, &c.]. (TA. [It is said in a copy of the M, that سُؤْتُ لَهُ وَجْهَهُ means قَبَّحْتُهُ: but I think that the right explanation is قَبَحْتُهُ, without tesh-deed, meaning I said to him, قَبَحَ ا@للّٰهُ وَجْهَكَ: see art. قبح.])

2 سوّأ ذ [ He corrupted, or marred ]. You say, سَوِّ وَلَا تُسَوِّئْ Rectify thou, and do not corrupt, or mar. (A, TA.) [See also 4.] ― -b2- سوّأ عَلَيْهِ He said to him أَسَأْتُ [ Thou hast done ill ]. (M.) You say, سَوَّأْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَا صَنَعَ, (S,) or صَنِيعَهُ, (K,) i. e. فِعْلَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْوِئَةٌ and تَسْوِىْءٌ, I discommended to him what he had done, or his deed; and said to him أَسَأْتَ [ Thou hast done ill ]. (S, K.) And اـِنْ أَسَأْتُ فَسَوِّئْ عَلَىَّ [ If I do ill, say thou to me, Thou hast done ill ]. (S.)

4 أَسَاآءَ ذ , [inf. n. اـِسَاآءَةٌ,] He did evil, or ill; or acted ill; contr. of أَحْسَنَ: (S, M, K:) [and so] اسِاآء فِى فِعْلِهِ. (Msb.) You say, اساآء اـِلَيْهِ (S, K) and لَهُ and عَلَيهِ and بِهِ (TA) He did evil or ill, or acted ill, to him. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- [See also أَسْوَى, in several senses, in art. سوي.] -A2- اساآءهُ He corrupted it, or marred it; (M, K;) [ did it ill; ] did it not well; namely, a thing. (M.) It is said in a prov., أَسَاآءَ كَارِهٌ مَا عَمِلَ [ An unwilling person did ill what he did ]; relating to a man who was compelled against his will, by another, to do a thing, and marred it, or did it not well: it is applied to the man who seeks an object of want and does not take pains to accomplish it. (M, Meyd. *) See also 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. [And see 2.]

8 استاآء ذ He experienced evil, or that which he disliked or hated, (S, * K, TA,) or displeasure, (TA,) or grief, or anxiety. (M, TA.) اِسْتَاآءَ لَهَا occurs in a trad. as meaning He (the Prophet) became displeased, or grieved, or anxious, on account of it; i. e., on account of a dream that had been related to him: or, accord. to one relation, the right reading is اِسْتَاآلَهَا, meaning “ he sought the interpretation of it, by consideration. ” (TA.)