Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

ذَوَّادٌ ذ : see the next following paragraph.

ذَائِدٌ ذ Driving: driving away: and repelling: pl. ذُوَّدٌ and ذُوَّادٌ and ذَادَةٌ. (M, K.) ― -b2- Also, and ↓ ذَوَّادٌ, [but the latter has an intensive meaning,] (assumed tropical:) A man who is a defender, or protector, of that which, or those whom, it is necessary to defend, or protect: (S, K:) who is wont to repel attacks upon his honour. (S, * TA.)

مَذَادٌ ذ A place where beasts pasture at pleasure, where they eat and drink what they please, amid abundance of herbage. (IAar, K.)

مِذْوَدٌ ذ [ An instrument for driving, driving away, or repelling. ― -b2- ] (tropical:) A spear, or short spear, with which one repels from, or defends, himself. (A.) ― -b3- (tropical:) The horn of a bull, (T, A, K,) with which he repels from, or defends, himself. (A.) ― -b4- (tropical:) The tongue: (S, M, A, K:) because with it a man defends his honour. (M.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, لِسَانِى وَسَيْفِى صَارِمَانِ كِلَاهُمَا وَيَبْلُغُ مَا لَا يَبْلُغُ السَّيْفُ مِذْوَدِى (tropical:) [ My tongue and my sword are sharp, both of them; and my tongue reacheth what my sword will not reach ]. (S, TA.) ― -b5- (tropical:) [A man who defends well, or vigorously; as also ↓ مِذْوَادٌ:] you say رِجَالٌ مَذَاوِدٌ and مَذَاوِيدُ. (A.) ― -b6- The manger (مِعْلَف, T, K, TA, in some copies of the K معتلف, TA) of a horse or similar beast. (T, K. [A manger is thus called in the present day.])

مِذْوَادٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

ذَارَتْ ذ for ذَارَّتْ or ذَاآءَرَتْ: see 3 in art. ذر.

1 ذَافَ ذ , (M, K,) aor. يَذُوفُ, (M,) inf. n. ذَوْفٌ, He walked with short steps, and in a straddling manner. (M, K.) -A2- And ذُفْتُ is a dial. var. of ذُفْتُ, signifying I mixed [medicine &c.] (M.)

ذُوفَانٌ ذ [like ذُؤْفَانٌ &c.] Poison: (K:) or poison made into a confection: or deadly poison: like ذِيفَانٌ [&c.]. (M.)

1 ذَاقَهُ ذ , (K,) first pers. ذُقْتُهُ, aor. أَذُوقْهُ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. ذَوْقٌ and ذَوَاقٌ and مَذَاقٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَذَاقَةٌ, (S, K,) He tasted it; i. e., perceived its taste, by means of the moisture of the tongue: (Msb:) or he tried, or knew, its taste: (K:) it is originally said of that of which little is taken: when much is taken, the term أَكْلٌ is used [and one says أَكَلَهُ]: and ↓ تذاوقهُ signifies the same as ذَاقَهُ. (TA.) You say, ذُقْتُ الشَّىْءَ [ I tasted the thing ], (S,) or الطَّعَامَ [ the food ]. (Msb.) And يَوْمٌ مَا ذُقْتُهُ طَعَامًا, meaning مَا ذُقْتُ فِيهِ [i. e. A day in which I tasted not food ]. (TA.) ― -b2- By amplification, الذَّوْقُ is used to signify (assumed tropical:) The perceiving, beside tastes, all other objects of the senses, and states or conditions: (Bd in iii. 177:) it is not restricted to the sense of the mouth [or tongue] in the language of the Kur-án nor in the [genuine or classical] language of the [Pagan] Arabs. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur iii. 177, ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الحَرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) [ Taste ye the punishment of burning ]: (Bd, TA:) for, although, in the common conventional acceptation, the verb relates to what is little in quantity, it is regarded as suitable to be used in relation to what is much. (TA.) One says also, فُلَانٌ ذَاقَ كَذَا وَأَنَا أَكَلْتُهُ [lit. Such a one tasted such a thing, and I ate it; ] meaning (assumed tropical:) such a one knew, or tried or tested, such a thing, and I knew it, or tried it or tested it, more. (TA.) ذُقْتُ الشَّىْءَ means (assumed tropical:) I tried, or tested, the thing. (Msb.) And hence one says, ذاق فُلَانٌ البَأْسَ (assumed tropical:) Such a one experienced harm, &c.; i. e., knew it by its befalling him. (Msb.) And ذُقْتُ مَا عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) I knew, or tried or tested, what [qualities &c.] such a one possessed; (S, TA;) and so ذُقْتُ فُلَانًا. (TA.) And ذَاقَ الرَّجُلُ عُسَيْلَةَ المَرْأَةِ وَ ذَاقَتْ عُسَيْلَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) The man [ tasted or] experienced the sweetness of the carnal enjoyment of the woman, and she in like manner. (Msb.) And ذاق طَعْمَ الاـِيمَانِ (assumed tropical:) He tasted, or experienced, the savour of faith with his heart, like as the mouth tastes, or experiences, the savour of food and drink. (TA from a trad.) And ذُقْتُ كَذِبَهُ وَخَبَرْتُ حَالَهُ (tropical:) [ I experienced his lying, and knew his condition ]. (TA.) And ذَاقَتْهَا يَدِى, and ذَاقَتْ فُلَانَةَ, (tropical:) My hand felt her, and felt such a female. (TA.) ― -b3- ذاق القَوْسَ, (S, K,) inf. n. ذَوْقٌ; (TA;) [and ↓ ذَوَّقَهَا; (so in Freytag's Lex. from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen;)] (tropical:) He pulled the string of the bow (S, K, TA) for the purpose of trial, (K, TA,) that he might see what was its strength. (S, TA.) ― -b4- ↓ الذَّوْقُ is also employed to signify (assumed tropical:) [ Taste, as meaning intellectual discernment and relish; i. e.] the faculty that is adapted to the acquisition of matters of knowledge, considered as being, in its perfection of perception, like sensation, regarded as a natural property; and particularly that [ faculty ] which concerns the niceties of language; because it [i. e. nice language] is, to the soul of man, like delicious intellectual food. (Kull. [When used as a subst in this sense, its pl. is أَذْوَاقٌ.]) One says, هُوَحَسَنُ الذَّوْقِ لِلشِّعْرِ, meaning (tropical:) He has a good [ taste or] natural faculty for poetry. (TA.) ― -b5- [Also (assumed tropical:) Voluptuousness; sensuality: see ذَوَّاقٌ.]

2 ذوّقهُ ذ [ He gave him something to taste ]: it is like لَمَّجَهُ. (M and TA in art. لمظ.) ― -b2- See also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.

4 أَذَقْتُهُ الطَّعَامَ ذ , (Msb, K, *) inf. n. اـِذَاقَةٌ, (TA,) I made him to taste the food; i. e., to perceive its taste by means of the moisture of the tongue: (Msb:) or I made him to try, or know, the taste [ of the food ]. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] أَذَاقَهُ ا@للّٰهُ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) [ God made him to taste, or experience, the evil result of his affair ]. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xvi. 113], فَأَذَاقَهَاا@للّٰهُ لِبَاسَ الجُوْعِ وَالخَوْفِ (assumed tropical:) [ So God made her to taste, or experience, the utmost degree of hunger and of fear ]: the verb is here used with لِبَاس because meant to convey the meaning of experiencing: or the sentence is elliptical, and means, made them to taste, or experience, hunger and fear, and clad them with the clothing thereof. (TA.) And in the same [xlii. 47], اـِذَا أَذَقْنَا الاـِنْسَانُ مِنَّا رَحْمَةً (assumed tropical:) [ When we make man to taste, or experience, mercy from us ]; where, afterwards, الاـِصَابَةٌ is opposed to الاـِذَاقَةٌ, in the words وَاـِنْ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ. (TA.) ― -b3- أَذَاقَ زَيْدٌ بَعْدَكَ كَرَمًا means (tropical:) Zeyd became generous [ after thee, i. e. after thou knewest him, or sawest him, or wast with him ]: (Aboo-Hamzeh, K, TA:) [lit., made people to taste generosity: ] and اذاق الفَرَسُ بَعْدَكَ عَدْوًا (tropical:) The horse became a good runner [ after thee, i. e. after thou knewest him, &c.] (Aboo-Hamzeh, TA.)

5 تذوّقهُ ذ He tasted it (ذَاقَهُ, S, K) by degrees, (S,) or repeatedly. (K.) ― -b2- [Hence,] دَعْنِى أَتَذَوَّقُ طَعْمَ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [ Let me try, or test, the character of such a one ]. (TA.) And تَذَوَّقْتُ طَعْمَ فِرَاقِهِ (tropical:) [ I tasted, or experienced, the savour of his separation ]. (TA.)

6 تَذَاْوَقَ see 1, first sentence. [The primary signification of تَذَاوُقٌ seems to be The tasting a thing one with another. ― -b2- And hence,] تذاوقوا الرِّمَاحَ i. q. تَنَاوَلُوهَا (tropical:) [ They took the spears, one from another, app. to test their qualities: see ذَاقَ القَوْسَ, above]. (K, TA.) Ibn-Mukbil says, أَوْ كَا@هْتِزَازِ رُدَيْنِىٍّ تَذَاوَقَهُ أَيْدِى التِجَارِ فَزَادُوا مَتْنَهُ لِينَا (tropical:) [ Or like the quivering of a well-straightened spear (lit. a spear of Rudeyneh, a woman famous for the straightening of spear-shafts, accord. to the explanation commonly received,) which the hands of the dealers have taken, one from another, to test its quality, so that they have made the middle of it to increase in suppleness ]. (TA.)

10 اِسْتَذَاقَ فُلَانًا خُبْرَهُ فَلَمْ يَحْمَدْ مَخْبَرَتَهُ ذ (tropical:) [app. He endeavoured to test such a one, to ascertain the knowledge of his internal state, and did not approve his internal state: see the pass, part. n. below]. (TA, in which خبره is without any syllabical signs.) ― -b2- استذاق الأَمْرُ لِفُلَانٍ (tropical:) The affair was, or became, easy, or feasible, to such a one. (JK, TA.) You say, لَا يَسْتَذِيقُ لِىَ الشِّعْرُ اـِلَّ فِى فُلَانِ (tropical:) [ Poetry, or versification, will not be easy, or feasible, to me, except in relation to such a one ]. (TA.)

ذَوْقٌ ذ an inf. n. used as a simple subst.; pl. أَذْوَاقٌ: see 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.

ذَوَاقٌ ذ an inf. n.: and also a subst. signifying A thing that is tasted; (JM, TA; *) of the measure فَعَالٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) It is said of Mohammad, لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذُمُّ ذَوَاقًا وَلَا يَمْدَحُهُ, i. e. [ He used not to praise ] what was tasted [by him nor to dispraise it ]. (JM.) And one says, مَا ذُقْتُ ذَوَاقًا, meaning I tasted not anything. (S, K. *) ― -b2- Hence it is said in a trad., كَانُوا اـِذَا خَرَجُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ لَا يَتَفَرَّقُونَ اـِلَّا عَنْ ذَوَاقٍ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [ They used, when they went forth from his (Mohammad's) presence, not to disperse themselves save after receiving] knowledge and discipline that were, to their minds and souls, as food and drink to their bodies. (JM.)

ذَوَّاقٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) That contracts new marriages time after time: (JM:) quick in marrying and quick in divorcing: (TA:) that conceives frequent disgust (مَلُولٌ, S, JM, and Har p. 569), not remaining [ long ] in one state with respect to marriage &c.: fem. with ة. (Har ubi suprà.) Hence the saying, in a trad., اـِنَّ ا@للّٰهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الذَّوَّاقِينَ وَلَا الذَّوَّقَاتِ (assumed tropical:) [ Verily God will not love those men who frequently contract new marriages, nor those women who do so ]. (JM, and Har ubi suprà.)

مَذَاقٌ ذ an inf. n.: and also a subst. (TA) signifying A place, or time, of tasting. (KL.)

أَمْرٌ مُسْتَذَاقٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A thing, or an affair, tried, or tested, and known: (S:) and in like manner رَجُلٌ [ a man ]. (JK.)

2 ذَوَّلْتُ ذَالًا ذ I wrote a ذ; (Az, Sgh, K;) or ذَالًا حَسَنَةٌ [ a beautiful ذ]. (B, TA.) [See also 2 in art. ذيل.]

ذَالٌ ذ A certain letter of the alphabet, (Lth, ISd, K,) [ذ,] pronounced with the voice, [not with the breath only,] and always a radical, not a substitute for another letter, nor augmentative; (ISd, TA;) its place of utterance is at the roots of the teeth, near the place of utterance of ت [or ث]; and it may be masc. and fem.; (B, TA;) [but generally it is fem.; and therefore] the dim. is ↓ ذُوَيْلَةٌ: (K:) the pl. is أَذْوَالٌ and ذَالَاتٌ. (TA.) -A2- Also The comb of a cock. (Kh, TA.)

ذَوِيلٌ ذ , explained by IDrd as signifying What is dry, of plants &c., and so in the K, is said by ISd to be correctly دَوِيلٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

ذُوَيْلَةٌ ذ : see ذَالٌ, above.

5 تذوّن ذ He was, or became, in a state of richness, wealth, or competence, and ease and plenty. (IAar, K. [In the CK, النّعْمَةُ is here, as in many other instances, erroneously put for النَّعْمَةُ.]) [See also تدوّن. Perhaps both are correct, as dial. vars.]

ذَانٌ ذ (S, K) and ذَيْنٌ, (TA,) [the latter belonging to art. ذين,] A vice, fault, defect, or the like; (S, K;) syn. with ذَابٌ [and ذَيْبٌ] and ذَامٌ and ذَيْمٌ; (S, TA;) as heard by ISk from AA. (S.)

ذُونُونٌ ذ A certain plant: a dial. var. of ذُؤْنُونٌ, with ء: [see the latter in art. ذأن:] pl. ذَوَانِينُ: mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ks. (TA.)

1 ذَوَى ذ , (ISk, T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. يَذْوِى, (ISk, S, &c.,) inf. n. ذَىٌّ, (T,) or ذُوِىٌّ, (ISk, S, K,) or both; (M, Msb;) and ذَوِىَ, (T, S, M, K,) used by some of the Arabs, but bad, (T,) disallowed by ISk, but said by AO on the authority of Yoo to be a dial. var., (S,) aor. يَذْوَى; (T, K;) said of a branch, or twig, (T, M, Msb,) or of a herb, or leguminous plant, (S, K,) It withered; lost its moisture; or became thin, or unsubstantial, after being succulent; syn. ذَبَلَ: (S, M, Msb, K:) it dried up: (T, A:) it obtained not moisture sufficient for it, or was marred by the heat, and in consequence withered, and became weak: (T:) in the dial. of the people of Beesheh, ذَأَى. (Lth, T.) ― -b2- [Hence,] ذَوَتْ سَكِينَتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [ His calmness, or gravity, ] ceased. (Har p. 109.)

4 اذواهُ ذ , said of heat, (S, Msb, K,) or of want of irrigation, (M,) It withered it; caused it to wither, or lose its moisture; (S, M, Msb, K;) namely, a herb, or leguminous plant, (S, K,) or a branch, or twig. (M, Msb.)

ذَوًى ذ The skins of grapes: (IAar, T:) a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or rather the n. un.] is ذَوَاةٌ: (Kr, M:) [or] this latter signifies the skin, or husk, or rind, of the grape, (AA, T, Kr, M, K,) and of wheat (الحِنْطَة), (AA, T, and so in some copies of the K,) or of the colocynth (الحَنْظَلَة), (Kr, M, and so in some copies of the K,) and of the melon: (AA, T, Kr, M, K:) and so [دَوَاةٌ] with the unpointed د. (TA.) -A2- Also ذَوًى, (IAar, T,) or ↓ ذِوًى, (K,) Weak, (IAar, T,) or small, or young, (K,) ewes. (IAar, T, K.)

ذِوًى ذ : see what next precedes.

ذَوَاةٌ ذ sing. [or rather n. un.] of ذَوًى [q. v.]

ذَوَاتٌ ذ pl. of ذَاتٌ, fem. of ذُو, q. v.

ذَاوٍ ذ Withering, or withered; losing, or having lost, its moisture. (S, TA.)

ذَائِكَ ذ i. q. ذٰلِكَ: so in the phrase ذَائِكَ الرَّجُلُ [ That man ]: (K, TA:) a dial. var., or a mispronunciation. (TA.)

ذى ذ fem. of ذَا: see art. ذا.

ذَيَّةَ وَ ذَيَّةَ ذ : see art. ذيت.

ذَيَّا ذ , and ذَيَّاكَ, and ذَيَّالِكَ: see the two sentences next before the last in art. ذا.

ذَيَّاآءَ وَ ذَيَّاآءَ ذ : see art. ذيت.

2 ذيّأ ذ , (T, S, K,) inf. n. تَذْيْىْءٌ, (K,) He cooked flesh-meat thoroughly, so that it fell off from the bone. (T, S, K.)

5 تذيّأ ذ , said of flesh, or flesh-meat, (T, S, M, K,) It became separated from the bone by reason of corruption, (T, M, K,) or in consequence of cooking, (T,) or by slaughter, (M, K,) or from some other cause: (TA:) or became thoroughly cooked, so that it fell off from the bone. (S.) It (a wound, As, S, M, K,) became dissundered, or ragged, and corrupt, or putrid: (As, S, M, K:) and so said of other things: (K:) thus تَذَيَّأَتْ said of a قِرْبَة [or water-skin], (M, * TA,) and of a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag]. (TA.) ― -b2- It (the face) became swollen. (K.)

ذَيْبٌ ذ , (K,) like ذَابٌ, mentioned in art. ذوب, [and ذَيْمٌ] and ذَامٌ, (TA,) A vice, fault, defect, or the like. (K.)

ذِيبٌ ذ : see ذِئْبٌ, in art. ذأب.

ذِيبَانٌ ذ : see ذُوبَانٌ, in art. ذوب.

أَذَيْبُ ذ , [like أَزَيْبُ,] Much water. (K.) ― -b2- Fright, or fear. (K.) As mentions the saying, مَرَّ فُلَانٌ وَ لَهُ أَذَيْبُ [as though meaning Such a one passed having fright, or fear ]: and he says, I think that one says أَزَيْبُ, with زاى having the meaning here following. (TA.) ― -b3- Briskness, liveliness, sprightliness, or agility. (K.)

أَرْضٌ مَذْيَبَةٌ ذ : see مَذْأَبَةٌ, in art. ذأب.

مَذْيُوبٌ ذ : see مَذْؤُوبٌ, in art. ذأب.

ذَيْتَ وَذَيْتَ ذ (AO, S, M voce ذَا, Msb, * K) and ذَيْتِ وَذَيْتِ and ذَيْتُ وَذَيتُ, (K,) the last of which is unknown, except as mentioned by IKtt, (TA,) and ذَيَّةَ وَذَيَّةَ (M, K) and ذَيَّاآءَ وَذَيَّاآءَ, (K,) i. q. كَيْتَ وَكَيْتَ: (AO, S, M, Msb, * K:) so in the saying, كَانَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ ذَيْتَ وَذَيْتَ [&c., Some of the circumstances of the case were thus and thus, or so and so, or such and such things ]. (AO, S, M.) It is plainly implied in the K [and the S] that the ت in ذيت is a radical letter, the last radical letter of the word: but AHei says that the ت in ذيت and كيت is substituted for ى; that they are originally ذَيَّةَ and كَيَّةَ; and that the ة is elided, and the ى which is the last radical letter is changed into ت: [in like manner also says ISd in the M, voce ذَا:] and most of the leading authorities on inflection assert the same: therefore, [though most persons would look for them among words of which the last radical letter is ت,] they are incorrectly placed in the K [and in the S]. (MF.) Or ذَيْتَ is formed from ذَيْوٌ, by eliding the و and doubling the ى and then substituting for the teshdeed ت; and if you elide the ت and replace it by ه, you must restore the teshdeed, and say, كَانَ ذَيَّهْ وَذَيَّهْ. (S at the end of art. ذو.)

2 ذيّر ذ , (K,) inf. n. تَذْيِيرٌ, (S,) He smeared a she-camel's teats with ذِيَار, (S, K,) in order that the young one might not suck her. (S.) ― -b2- And ذيّر النَّاقَةَ He bound the she-camel's udder with a صِرَار [q. v.], in order that the pieces of wood bound upon her udder to prevent her young one from sucking her might not make any impression upon her. (K, * TA.) [But see ذِيَارٌ, which indicates that the true meaning is, He smeared the she-camel's teats with ذِيَار in order that the pieces of wood above mentioned might not make any impression upon them. ] ― -b3- ذُيِّرَ فُوهُ, inf. n. تَذْيِيرٌ, His (a man's, S) teeth became black. (Lth, S, K.)

ذِيرَةٌ ذ : see ذِيَارٌ.

ذِيَارٌ ذ Fresh camels' or similar dung (بَعَرَ), [ mixed with dust, or earth, ] with which a she-camel's teats are smeared, (T, S, M, *) in order that the young one may not such her, (S, M,) and that the pieces of wood which are bound upon her udder to prevent her young one from sucking may not make any impression upon her; (T, M;) i. q. ذِئَارٌ: or dung (سِرْقِين) before mixed with dust or earth is called خُثَّةٌ: and when mixed, ↓ ذِيرَةٌ: and when the teats are smeared with it, ذِيَارٌ. (Lth, K.)