Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

فَظِيعٌ ذ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ مُفْظِعٌ (S, Msb, TA) and ↓ فَظِعٌ, which last is a possessive epithet, (TA,) applied to an affair, or event, Hard, difficult, or distressing; bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly; excessive, or exorbitant: (S, TA:) or excessively bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly. (O, Msb, K. *) ― -b2- And the first, Much, or abundant: so in the saying of 'Amr Ibn-MaadeeKerib, وَقَدْ عَجَبَتْ أُمَامَةُ أَنْ رَاتَنِى تَفَرَّعَ لِمَّتِى شَيْبٌ فَظِيعُ [ And Umámeh wondered that she saw me such that much, or abundant, hoariness had spread in, or overspread, my hair descending below the ears, or upon the shoulders: فِى is app. understood before لِمَّتِى]. (O, TA.) -A2- فَظِيعٌ applied to water signifies Sweet: (Lth, O, K:) or clear; limpid; or cool, sweet, and clear or limpid. (IAar, O, K, TA.)

مُفْظِعٌ ذ : see فَظِيعٌ.

1 فَعَلَهُ ذ , (S, O, Msb, K, *) aor. فَعَلَ , (S, O, K,) inf. n. فَعْلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and فَعَالٌ, (S, O, Msb,) and ↓ فِعْلٌ is the subst. therefrom, (S, O, Msb, K, *) but, accord. to Ibn-Kemál, it has become commonly used as the inf. n.; MF, however, says that its being thus used requires consideration; and it is said that there is no instance like فَعَلَهُ, aor. يَفْعَلُهُ, inf. n. فِعْلٌ, except سَحَرَهُ, aor. يَسْحَرُهُ, inf. n. سِحْرٌ; or, to these may be added as sometimes occurring, خَدَعَ, aor. يَخْدَعُ, inf. n. خَدْعٌ and خِدْعٌ, and صَرَعَ, aor. يَصْرَعُ, inf. n. صَرْعٌ and صِرْعٌ; (TA;) [ He did it ]; namely, a thing (S, O. [For further explanation see فِعْلٌ below.]) [In the Kur. xxi. 73,] some read وَأَوْحَيْنَا اـِلَيْهِمْ فَعْلَ ا@لْخَيْرَاتِ [ And we suggested to them the doing of good works ]; (Lth, S, O;) others reading ↓ فِعْلَ الخيرات. (Lth, O.) ― -b2- And one says also فَعَلَ بِهِ [ He did to him something]. (TA.) [فَعَلَ ا@للّٰهُ بِهِ is a form of imprecation, meaning May God do to him what He will do; i. e. may God punish him: see an ex. voce أَظْلَمُ. ― -b3- And فَعَلَ بِالمَرْأَةِ often occurs in trads. &c. as meaning He compressed the woman. ]

2 تَفْعِيلٌ ذ [inf. n. of فعّل] is used by IJ as metonymically signifying The scanning of a verse; because the names of the measures of its feet, all of them, have the letters ف and ع and ل for constituents, as when you say فَعُولُنْ and مَفَاعِيلنْ and فَاعِلَاتُنْ and فَاعِلُنْ &c. (TA.)

3 فَاْعَلَ [فَاعَلَا, inf. n. فِعَالٌ, if used, app. signifies They two did a thing together. ] See فِعَالٌ below.

7 انفعل ذ quasi-pass. of 1: you say, فَعَلْتُهُ فَا@نْفَعَلَ [ I did it, and it was done ]; (S, Msb;) like your saying كَسَرْتُهُ فَا@نْكَسَرَ. (S.) [الاِنْفِعَالُ signifies The suffering, or receiving, the effect of an act, whether the effect is intended by the agent or not: or, accord. to some, particularly when the effect is not intended: for it is implied in a passage in the TA, that it is held by some to be used particularly in cases in which the effects are such as the blushing in consequence of confusion, or shame, affecting one from the seeing a person, and the emotion, or excitement, ensuing from the hearing of singing, and the agitation of the passionate lover at his seeing the object of his love : as a term of logic, it is one of the ten predicaments, i. e. passion, or suffering. ] It is said that to every فِعْل there is an اِنْفِعَال, except to the act of creation, which proceeds from God; for this is the bringing into existence from a state of nonexistence, not from matter [already existing to receive the effect of the act]. (TA.)

8 افتعل عَلَيْهِ كَذِبًا ذ (Mgh, * O, Msb, * K) and زُورًا (O) He forged against him a lie. (Mgh, * O, Msb, * K.) ― -b2- Hence the phrase الخُطُوطُ تُفْتَعَلُ i. e. [ Handwritings ] are forged, or falsified. (Mgh.) ― -b3- And [hence] it used to be said, أَعْذَبُ الأَغَانِى مَا ا@فْتُعِلَ i. e. [ The sweetest of songs is ] such as has been composed with originality, not in imitation of any model: and أَظْرَفُ الشِّعْرِ مَاا@فْتُعِلَ [ The most eloquent of poetry is such as has been so composed ]. (TA.)

فَعْلٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1. (S, O, Msb, K.) -A2- And The vulva of the she-camel, and of any female. (K.)

فِعْلٌ ذ : see 1, in two places: [as a subst. from فَعَلَهُ] it signifies [ A deed, or an action: or] a motion (حَرَكَةٌ) of a human being: (K:) or, as Sgh says, the origination of anything, whether it be what is termed عَمَلٌ [which means work or labour or service as well as a deed or an action ] or other than it; so that it is more general in application than عَمَِلٌ: (TA:) or it is a metonymical term for any عَمَل [meaning deed or action ] that is transitive (M, K, TA) or intransitive (M, TA:) or a mode that is accidental to the producer of an effect upon another [ person or thing ] by reason of the producing of the effect at the first; as the mode that ensues to the cutter by reason of his being cutting: or, as Er-Rághib says, the production of an effect considered with reference to an agent thereof; and it is common to that which is by his, or its, origination or otherwise, and to that which is with knowledge or otherwise, and to that which is by intention or otherwise, and to what proceeds from the human being or the animal [ of any kind ] or the inanimate thing; and عَمَلٌ and صُنْعٌ are more particular in application: El-Harállee says that the فِعْل is what has become apparent in consequence of a motive of the efficient, whether from knowledge or otherwise, by reason of premeditation [for لِتَدَيُّن (an obvious mistranscription in my original) I read لِتَدَبُّرٍ] or otherwise: and El-Juweynee says that it is what is within the limits of a small space of time, without repetition, or reiteration, whereas the عَمَل is what has been repeated, or reiterated, and whereof the time has been long; but this is repugned by the trad. [in which occurs the saying], مَا فَعَلَ النُِّغَيْر [expl. in art. نغر]; (TA:) the pl. is فِعَالٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَفْعَالٌ [a pl. of pauc.], (O, TA,) [and أَفَاعِيلُ is app. a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَفْعَالٌ, like أقَاوِيلُ pl. of أَقْوَالٌ which is pl. of قَوْلٌ, and many other instances]: you say, اـِنَّ الرِّشَا تَفْتَلُ الأَفَاعِيلَ وَتُنْسِى اـِبْرَاهِيمَ وَاـِسْمَاعِيلَ [ Verily bribes do great deeds, and cause the receivers to forget the principles of Ibráheem and Ismá'eel, who are esteemed models of true religion]. (TA. [This saying is written in my original without any vowel-signs, perhaps because well known: and it is there added that الافاعيل may be pl. of افعول (which has been altered by the copyist and is probably a mistranscription for أَفْعُولَةٌ) or of افعال; with other remarks equally doubtful and unimportant.]) [Hence, بِالفِعْلِ meaning Actually; as opposed to بِالقُوَّةِ i. e. potentially, or virtually.] ― -b2- As used by the grammarians, it means [ A verb; i. e.] what denotes a meaning in itself together with any one of the three times [ past and present and future: but it should be observed that it includes the مَصْدَر, or infinitive noun; and also that there is what is termed فِعْلٌ ناقِصٌ an incomplete, i. e. non-attributive, verb (as كَانَ coordinate to صَارَ, &c.); as well as what is termed فِعْلٌ تَامٌّ a complete, i. e. attributive, verb ]. (TA.)

فَعْلَةٌ ذ A single فِعْل [i. e. deed or action ], (Msb, TA,) with fet-h. (Msb.) Thus in the saying in the Kur [xxvi. 18], وَفَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ ا@اَّتِى فَعَلْتَ [lit. And thou hast done thy one deed that thou hast done ]; as though the speaker said, فَتَلْتَ النَّفْسَ قَتْللَتَكَ: in which Esh-Shaabee read ↓ فِعْلَتَكَ [ thy kind of deed ], with kesr, as meaning فَتَلْتَ القِتْلَةَ الَّتِى قَدْ عَرَفْتَهَا: so says Zj; but he adds that the former reading is better. (TA.) And [hence also] one says, كَانَتْ مِنْهُ فَعْلَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ or قَبِيحَةٌ [ A good single deed proceeded from him or a bad one]. (S, O, TA.)

فِعْلَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

فَعِلَةٌ ذ A custom, manner, habit, or wont. (K.)

[ فِعْلِىٌّ ذ Of, or relating to, a verb. ]

[ فِعْلِيَّةٌ ذ The quality of a verb. ]

فَعَالٌ ذ , like نَزَالِ, has sometimes occurred as meaning اِفْعَلْ [ Do thou ]. (O, K. *)

فَعَالٌ ذ , (O, K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) is a name for A good doing, such as liberality, or bounty, (O,) and generosity, (O, K, [the only meaning assigned to it in the S,]) and the like of these: (O:) or, (O, K,) accord. to IAar, (O,) the doing of a single person, peculiarly, [as distinguished from فِعَالٌ, q. v.,] (O,) relating to good and to evil; (O, K;) one says, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ الفَعَالِ [ Such a one is generous in respect of doing or doings ], and فُلَانٌ لَئِيمُ الفَعَالِ [ Such a one is mean in respect of doing or doings ]; (O: [and the like is said in the T and in the Msb;]) and Az says that this is the correct explanation: not that of Lth; and Mbr [likewise] says, it is used in commendation and in discommendation: (O:) and it is used only of a single agent. (O, K.) ― -b2- It is also an inf. n. (S, O, Msb. [See 1, first sentence.])

فِعَالٌ ذ , as distinguished from فَعَالٌ, signifies A doing that is between two [ agents ]; (IAar, O, K, TA;) and therefore it is an inf. n. of ↓ فَاعَلَ [a verb of which I have not found any ex.]. (TA.) ― -b2- It is also a pl. of فِعْلٌ. (S, O, Msb, K. -A2- Also The handle, (K,) or piece of wood that is inserted into the hole, (IAar, IB, O,) of the axe, or adz, or hoe: (IAar, IB, O, K:) pl. فُعُلٌ. (K.)

فُعَالَةُ ذ (with damm, O, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, فَعالَةُ,]) A metonymical appellation substituted for خُزَاعَةُ, (O, K, TA,) the well-known tribe [thus named]. (TA.)

فَعَّالٌ ذ [ Wont to do ]. (Kur xi. 109 and lxxxv. 16. [Thus in the phrase فَعَّالٌ لِمَا يُرِيدُ Wont to do what He willeth: relating to God.])

فَاعِلٌ ذ [act. part. n. of 1, Doing: and, used as a subst., a doer: and hence] a carpenter is thus called; accord. to IAar: but it is now peculiarly applied to such as works with clay, [ and builds, and plasters, ] and digs foundations: (TA:) and [the pl.] فَعَلَةٌ, (Mgh, K, TA,) as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, is applied to workers in clay and digging and the like; (K, TA;) or such as work with their hands in clay or building or digging; like عَمَلَةٌ [pl. of عَامِلٌ]. (Mgh.) ― -b2- وَكُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ, in the Kur [xxi. 79], means And we were able to do what we willed. (O, TA.) And وَا@لَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكٰوةِ فَاعِلُونَ, in the same [xxiii. 4], means And who give the ذكوة [or poor-rate ]: (Zj, O, TA:) or, as some say, who do that which is good, or righteous. (O, TA.)

مُفْتَعَلٌ ذ A writing forged, or falsified. (Mgh.) ― -b2- And Poetry composed with originality, not in imitation of any model. (TA.) ― -b3- جَاآءَ بِا@لْمُفْتَعَلِ, meaning It produced a grievous, or distressing, effect, (K, TA,) is a phrase mentioned by IAar, as used by Ed-Dubeyree when asked respecting a wound that he had received and that rendered him sleepless, and as used by him in respect of anything [unprecedented]: thus one says, عَذَّبَنِى وَجَعٌ أَسْهَرَنِى فَجَاآءَ بِا@لْمُفْتَعَلِ i. e. [ A malady that rendered me sleepless, tormented me, ] and produced pain that had not been known before. (TA.)

1 فَعُمَ ذ , aor. فَعُمَ , inf. n. فَعَامَةٌ and فُعُومَةٌ, It was, or became, full; said of the سَاعِد [or fore arm]; (S, K;) and of a vessel. (K.) ― -b2- And فَعُمَتْ, said of a woman, She was, or became, full-formed, and thick in her shank. (K.) -A2- See also 4, in three places.

2 فَعَّمَ see what next follows.

4 افعم ذ ; [like أَفْأَمَ;] (S, K;) and so افغم; (K in art. فغم;) as also ↓ فعّم; (thus in some of the copies of the K;) or ↓ فَعَمَ, (thus accord. to other copies of the K and accord. to the TA,) aor. فَعَمَ , inf. n. فَعْمٌ; (TA;) He filled a vessel; (S, K, TA;) and exceeded the usual degree, or strove, or laboured, or did not fall short of what was requisite, in filling it. (TA.) ― -b2- And أَفْعَمْتُ البَيْتَ بِرِيحِ العُودِ [ I filled the house, or chamber, or tent, with the odour of aloes-wood ]. (S.) It is said in a trad., لَوْ أَنْ ا@مْرَأَةً مِنَ الحُورِ العِينَ أَشْرَفَتْ لَأَفْعَمَتْ مَا َبيْنَ السَّمَاآءِ وَالأَرْضِ رِيحَ المِسْكِ i. e. [ If a woman (or Paradise) of those having eyes like the eyes of gazelles rose into view, ] she would fill [ the space between the heaven and the earth with the odour of musk ]: thus related: and also لَأَفْغَمَتْ, and لَفَغَمَتْ: but Az says that the right relation is لافعمت, with ع. (TA in this art. and in art. فغم.) And one says, افعم المِسْكُ البَيْتَ The musk filled with its odour, (S,) or perfumed, (K,) [ the house, or chamber, or tent. ] ― -b3- And افعم الرَّجُلَ He filled the man with anger; (S, TA;) mentioned by Az on the authority of Aboo-Turáb: (TA:) or he angered him: or he filled his nose with odour, (K, TA,) i. e. with sweet odour: (TA:) as also ↓ فَعِمَهُ and ↓ فَعَمَهُ, aor. of both فَعَمَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. فَعْمٌ; but better known with the pointed غ. (TA.) ― -b4- And افعمهُ and افغمهُ He filled him with joy, or happiness. (Aboo-Turáb, TA.)

12 اِفْعَوْعَمَ ذ It became full, and overflowed. (K.) ― -b2- And افعوعم طِيبًا It (a house, or chamber, or tent,) became filled with perfume. (TA.)

فَعْمٌ ذ Full; applied in this sense to a سَاعِد [or fore arm]; (S, K;) and to a vessel; as also ↓ فَعْمَلٌ, in which the ل is augmentative: (K:) and full of flesh; applied to the place of the anklet. (TA.) It is said of the Prophet, in a trad., كَانَ فَعْمَ الأَوْصَال i. e. He was full in respect of the limbs. (TA.) And one says اِمْرَأَةٌ فَعْمَةٌ A woman full-formed, and thick in her shank. (K.) And حَاضِرٌ فَعْمٌ A [ great ] tribe filled with its people. (TA.) [See also مُفْعَمٌ: and see أَفْعَمُ.] -A2- And A species of tree: or the rose. (K.)

فَعْمَلٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

أَفْعَمُ ذ Full [like فَعْمٌ]: or overflowing by reason of fulness. (TA.)

مُفْعَمٌ ذ Filled; applied in this sense to a skin for water or milk; as also مُفْأَمٌ: but as to ↓ مَفْعُومٌ, IAar asserts that he had not heard it except in a verse of Kutheiyir: Az, however, mentions it as signifying full [like فَعْمٌ], applied to a river, or rivulet: and Aboo-Sahl cites an ex. of it from the verses of the Fs as signifying full of flesh. (TA.) ― -b2- The phrase سَيْلٌ مُفْعَمٌ may be of the same category as هَمٌّ نَاصِبٌ [for هَمٌّ ذُو نَصَبٍ], the meaning being A torrent having the quality of filling; though the possessive epithet in most instances has the form of the act. part. n., such as طَالِقٌ [for ذَاتَ طَلَاقٍ] and مُرْضِعٌ [for ذَاتُ رَضِيعٍ]: or it may be that مَفْعَمٌ in this case is expressive of muchness, or abundance, like the latter word in the phrase شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ and in مَوْتٌ مَائِتٌ. (Ham p. 106.)

مَفْعُومٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

1 فَعَا شَيْئًا ذ i. q. فتته [so in my original, app., if not a mistranscription, فَتَّتَهُ i. e. He crumbled a thing much ]; said of a man. (TA.)

2 فعّى ذ , inf. n. تَفْعِيَةٌ, He branded a camel with a mark in the form of the viper (الأَفْعَى). (TA.)

4 افعى ذ He (a man) became possessed of [or characterized by ] evil after good or goodness. (TA.)

5 تفعّى ذ He (a man, S) became like the viper (الأَفْعَى, S, K) in evil: (S, TA:) or, as in the A, he made himself to resemble the viper (تَشَّبَهَ بِالأَفْعَى) in the evilness of his disposition. (TA.)

فَاعٍ ذ Angry and foaming [ with anger ]. (IAar, M, K.) ― -b2- And [the fem.] فَاعِيَةٌ A woman (TA) wont to calumniate; syn. نَمَّامَةٌ. (K, TA: in the CK الثُّمامَةُ is put for النَّمَّامَةُ.)

فَاعِيَةٌ ذ [as a subst.] The flower of the حِنَّاآء [i. e. Lawsonia inermis, or Egyptian privet ]: (K:) [said to be] a dial. var. of فَاغِيَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)

أَفْعًى ذ , (S, Msb, K) of the fem. gender, but with tenween, (S, Msb,) because it is a subst., not an epithet; (Msb;) [said in the S and Msb to be like أَرْوًى; but this is a mistake, for اروى is without tenween;] or it is an epithet and a subst.; (K, TA;) but mostly a subst.; (TA;) [if used as an epithet, it is without tenween, written أَفْعَى, being also of the measure of a verb;] A certain serpent, (S, Msb, K,) of a malignant kind; [i. e. the viper; ] also called ↓ أُفْعُوٌّ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, اُفْعُوان, which see in what follows,]) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that there is no harm in the killing of the أُفْعُوّ and the حُدُوّ by the مُحْرِم, the [final] alif being changed into و in both of these words in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (TA:) it is spotted, black and white; slender in the neck; broad in the head; it is said that it will not quit its place; (TA;) always coiling itself round; and neither antidote nor charm is of any avail against it: (Msb, TA:) sometimes it has two horns [i. e. it sometimes signifies the cerastes, or horned viper ]: (TA:) ↓ أُفْفُوَانٌ signifies the male: (S, Msb, TA:) [see also خِشَاشٌ:] the pl. is أَفَاعٍ. (S, Msb, K. * [In the K, the pl. is written أَفَاعِى, which, when indeterminate, is wrong.]) ― -b2- [Hence,] by way of comparison [to vipers], (TA,) الأَفَاعِى signifies (tropical:) Certain veins (عُرُوق) that branch off from the حَالِبَانِ [q. v.]. (K.)

أَفْعاآءٌ ذ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Sweet, or pleasant, odours. (IAar, M, K.)

أُفْعُوٌّ ذ , and أُفْعُوانٌ: see أَفْعًى.

أَرْضٌ مَفْعَاةٌ ذ A land in which are vipers (أَفَاعٍ): or, abounding therewith. (K.)

مُفَعًّى ذ A camel branded with a mark in the form of the viper (الأَفْعَى): (K:) and [the fem.] مُفَعَّاةٌ camels (اـِبِلٌ) branded therewith. (TA.)

مُفَعَّاةٌ ذ [as a subst.] A brand in the form of the viper (الأَفْعَى). (S, K.)

1 فَغَرَ ذ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. فَغَرَ (Msb, K) and فَغُرَ , (AZ, K,) inf. n. فَغْرٌ (Msb, TA) and فُغُورٌ, (TA,) He opened his mouth; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ افغر. (Zj, Sgh, K.) ― -b2- [Also, both verbs, فَغَرَ and ↓ افغر, He, or it, made, or caused, to open the mouth. And hence,] فَغَرَ النَّجْمُ, (T, TA,) or النَّجْمُ ↓ أَفْغَرَ, (S, O,) i. e., الُّرَيَّا, (T, S, O,) The asterism, meaning the Pleiades, became overhead: [lit., made one to open his mouth: ] (T:) this is in the winter: (S, O:) for when the Pleiades are in the midst of the sky, he who looks at them opens his mouth: (T, S, O:) or the Pleiades began to rise [ after sunset, so as to be overhead in the middle of the night ], in the winter. (TA.) -A2- فَغَرَ also signifies It (the mouth) opened; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ انفغر: (K:) and the latter is said of a blossom, or flower, in the same sense. (S, Msb, TA.) ― -b2- And فَغَرَتِ السِّنُّ (assumed tropical:) The tooth showed its point; as though it broke forth to grow: but some say that its ف is substituted for ث, and Az inclines to think so [though ثَغَرَ differs much in meaning from فَغَرَ]. (TA.)

4 أَفْغَرَ and 7: see 1; the former in three places.

هُوَ وَاسِعُ فَغْرِ الفَمِ ذ He is wide in the opening of the mouth. (Lth, O, K.) ― -b2- And accord. to Lth, (O,) فَغَرٌ signifies also A rose when it opens: (O, K:) but it is thought by Az to be, in this sense, a mistake for فَغْوٌ, with و. (O.)

وُلِدَ بِا@لْفَغْرَةِ ذ He was born at the commencement of the rising of the Pleiades [ after sunset ]; (O, K;) which is in the winter. (TA.) See 1.

فُغْرَةٌ ذ The mouth of a valley: pl. فُغَرٌ. (O, K.)

طَعْنَةٌ فَغَارِ ذ , the latter word like قَطَامِ, [ A spearwound, or the like, ] that passes through. (O, K.)

فَاغِرٌ ذ , an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, (TA,) A [ certain ] دُوَيْبَّة [i. e. small animal, or small creeping thing, or insect ], (O, K, TA,) always opening its mouth: (O, TA:) and another, black and white in the أَنْف [or snout ], that stings men. (TA.)

فَاغِرَةٌ ذ A sort of perfume: (S, K, TA:) or (K, TA) the roots of the [ lotus called ] نَيْلُوفَر [q. v.] (S, K, TA) of India: (S, TA:) or the كَبَابَة [or cubeb ] (K, TA) of China; because, when a man eats it, he opens his mouth. (TA.)