Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

مُبَسْمَلٌ مبسمل Discourse, (TA,) or amorous behaviour, and coquettish boldness, (Msb,) accompanied by the saying بِسْمِ ا@للّٰهِ: (Msb, TA:) occurring in a verse of 'Omar Ibn-Abee-Rabee'ah [referred to above]. (TA.)

4 ابسن ابسن , said of a man, He was, or became good, or beautiful, in respect of his سَجِيَّة [i. e. natural disposition ], accord. to the copies of the K, but correctly, as explained by IAar, his سَحْنَة [i. e. aspect, or colour, &c.]. (TA.)

بَسَنٌ باس بسن سن an imitative sequent to حَسَنٌ: (S, M, K:) [or it may signify Beautiful in aspect &c., from the verb above; or the verb may be from this word:] or, in the opinion of Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee, originally بَسٌّ inf. n., used in the sense of the pass. part. n., of بَسَّ السَّوِيقَ, meaning “he moistened, or stirred about, the سويق with clarified butter, or with olive-oil, to complete, or perfect, its goodness; ” one of the two س s being suppressed, and ن being added; so that it means complete, or perfect. (MF. [But this derivation seems to be extremely far-fetched.])

1 بَشَّ ذ , first pers. بَشِشْتُ, aor. يَبَشُّ, (S, K,) and, accord. to a relation of a verse of Ru-beh, يَبِشُّ, so that perhaps بَشَشْتُ was also said, (TA.) inf. n. بَشَاشَةٌ (S, A, K) and بَشٌّ (A, K) and بَشِيشٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, cheerful in countenance. (S, A, K.) You say, بَشِشْتُ بِهِ I was, or became, cheerful in countenance [ by reason of meeting ] with him: (S:) or بَشَّ بِهِ (TK,) inf. n. بَشٌّ (Lth, K) and بَشَاشَةٌ, (K,) signifies he rejoiced in him, or was pleased with him, namely, a friend, (Lth, K,) at meeting: (Lth:) or he showed joy, or pleasure, at meeting him. (TK.) You say also, بِى ↓ لَقِيتُهُ فَتَبَشْبَشَ [app. meaning I met him and he became cheerful in countenance by reason of meeting with me ]; originally ↓ تَبَشَّشَ; the middle ش being changed into ب: (Yaakoob, S:) or بِهِ ↓ تَبَشْبَشَ signifies he was, or became, sociable, or companionable, or cheerful, with him; and held loving communion with him: syn. اآنَسَهُ, and وَاصَلَهُ: (K:) but when said of God, it means (tropical:) He regarded him with favour, and honoured him, (IAmb, K,) and received him graciously, and drew him near to Him. (IAmb.) ― -b2- Also بَشَّ لَهُ, (TK,) inf. n. بَشٌّ (IDrd, K) and بَشَاشَةٌ, (K,) He presented a favourable aspect to him; or met him kindly, namely, his brother; syn. أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ: (K:) he behaved laughingly towards him; without shyness, or aversion; or boldly; or in a free and easy manner; or cheerfully; syn. ضَحِكَ اـِلَيْهِ, (IDrd, K,) and اِنْبَسَطَ. (IDrd.) ― -b3- And بَشَّ لَهُ فِى المَسْأَلَةِ, (TK,) inf. n. بَشٌّ (IAar, A, K) and بَشَاشَةٌ, (A, K,) He was courteous, or gracious, to him in asking. (IAar, A, K.) ― -b4- And بَشَّ لِى بِخَيْرِ (tropical:) He gave me [ something good ]. (A, TA.)

4 ابشّت الأَرْضُ ذ (tropical:) The land had tangled, or luxuriant, plants, or herbage: (As, K:) or produced its first plants, or herbage. (K.)

5 تَبَشَّ3َ see 1.

R. Q. 2 see 1, in two places.

رَجُلٌ هَشٌّ بَشٌّ ذ A man [ brisk, lively, or sprightly; or joyful; and] cheerful in countenance; pleasant [ therein ]; (S, TA;) as also ↓ بَشَّاشٌ. (TA.) [See also art. هش.]

بَشِيشٌ ذ The face, or countenance. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) You say, فُلَانٌ مُضِىْءُ البَشِيشِ Such a one is bright in countenance. (Ibn-'Abbád.)

بَشَّاشٌ ذ : see بَشٌّ.

أَبَشُّ ذ [ More, and most, cheerful in countenance ]. You say, مَا رَأَيْتُ أَبَشَّ مِنْهُ بِاللَّاقِى [ I have not seen any one more cheerful in countenance than he to the meeter ]. (A.)

1 بَشَرَ ذ , aor. بَشُرَ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ ابشر, (A,) inf. n. اـِبْشَارٌ; (K;) He pared (S, A, Msb, K) a hide, (S, A, Msb,) removing its بَشَرَة, (S,) or face, or surface, (A, Msb,) or the skin upon which the hair grew: (TA:) or, as some say, removing its inner part with a large knife: or, accord. to Ibn-Buzurj, some of the Arabs say, بَشَرْتُ الأَدِيمَ, aor. بَشِرَ , meaning I removed from the hide its بَشَرَة; and ↓ أَبْشَرْتُهُ as meaning I exposed to view its بَشَرَة that was next to the flesh; and اآدَمْتُهُ I exposed to view its أَدَمَة upon which the hair grew. (TA.) [But see أَدَمَةٌ.] ― -b2- Hence the saying in a trad., مَنْ أَحَبَّ القُرْاآنَ قَلْيَبْشُرْ, accord. to him who recites it thus, with damm to the ش; meaning (assumed tropical:) Whoso loveth the Kur-án, let him make himself light of flesh, [ by not eating more than will be sufficient, and so prepare himself] for [reading, or reciting,] it, [like as one prepares a horse for running,] because eating much causes one to forget it. (TA.) ― -b3- Hence also, بَشَرَ الأَرْضَ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) It (a swarm of locusts) stripped the ground; (TA;) ate what was upon the ground, (S, K,) i. e., upon its surface; as though the exterior of the ground were its بَشَرَة. (TA.) ― -b4- And بَشَرَ, aor. بَشُرَ , (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He clipped his mustache much, so that the بَشَرَة (i. e. the exterior of the skin, TA) became apparent. (K, TA.) This the Muslim is commanded to do. (TA.) ― -b5- بَشَرَنِى فُلَانٌ بِوَجْهٍ حَسَنٍ Such a one met me with a cheerful countenance. (S.) See also 2, in two places. ― -b6- And see 3. -A2- بَشِرَ, aor. بَشَرَ ; (IAar, S, Msb, K;) and بَشَرَ, aor. بَشِرَ , (IAar, K,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابشر, [which is the most common, though extr. in respect of analogy, as being quasi-pass. of بَشَرَ, like احجم and احنج and اعرض and اقشع and اكبّ and انهج, (mentioned by MF in art. حنج as the only other instances of the kind,) and اخلج, (added in the TA in art. خلج,)] (S, A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. اـِبْشَارٌ; (S;) and ↓ استبشر; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ تبشّر; (A;) [originally, He became changed in his بَشَرَة (or complexion ) by the annunciation of an event: see بَشَّرَهُ: and hence,] he rejoiced, or became rejoiced; (IAar, S, A, Msb, K;) بِكَذَا [ at, or by, such a thing; or at, or by, the annunciation of such a thing ]. (IAar, S, K. *) You say, أَتَانِى أَمْرٌ بَشِرْتُ بِهِ An affair happened to me whereat I rejoiced, or whereby I became rejoiced. (S.) And بِمَوْلُودٍ ↓ أَبْشَرَ He rejoiced [ at the annunciation of a new-born child ]. (S.) And بِخَيْرٍ ↓ أَبْشِرْ Rejoice thou [ at the annunciation of a good event ]. (S, K.) And in the same sense ↓ أَبْشِرُوا is used in the Kur xli. 30. (S.)

2 بشّرهُ ذ (S, A, Msb, &c.,) the form used by the Arabs in general, (Msb,) inf. n. تَبْشِيرٌ; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. بَشُرَ , (S, Mgh, Msb,) of the dial. of Tihámeh and the adjacent parts, (Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ (S, K) and بُشْرٌ, (TA,) or this last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ ابشرهُ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and ↓ استبشرهُ; (K, TA;) are syn.; (S, K, &c.;) originally signifying He announced to him an event which produced a change in his بَشَرَة [or complexion ]: and hence, (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee,) he announced to him an event which rejoiced him: (A, El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) so in common acceptation [when not restricted by an adjunct that denotes its having a different meaning: see بُشْرَى and an ex. below in this paragraph]: (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) or he rejoiced him [ by an annunciation ]: (Msb:) and he announced to him an event which grieved him: [or he grieved him by an annunciation: ] both these significations are proper. (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee.) You say, بشّرهُ بِالأَمْرِ [generally meaning He rejoiced him by the annunciation of the event ]; and بِهِ ↓ بَشَرَهُ, aor. and inf. ns. as above; &c. (TA.) And بَشَّرْتُهُ بِمَوْلُودٍ [ I rejoiced him by the annunciation of a new-born child ]. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 20, &c.], بَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ [ Grieve thou them by the annunciation, or denunciation, of a painful punishment ]. (S.) You say also, of a she-camel, بَشَّرَتْ بِاللَّقَاحِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) She made it known that she had begun to be pregnant. (TA. [See also 4.])

3 باشر المَرْأَةَ ذ , (K, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, TA) and بِشَارٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, in contact with the woman, skin to skin: (TA:) he enjoyed [ contact with ] her skin: (Msb:) he became in contact with her, skin to skin, both being within one garment or piece of cloth: (K:) he lay with her, [ skin to skin; or in the sense of ] inivit eam: (S, K:) i. q. وَطِئَهَا, both فِى الفَرْجِ and خَارِجًا مِنْهُ: (TA:) [and so ↓ بَشَرَهَا inf. n. بَشْرٌ; for] بَشْرٌ and مُبَاشَرَةٌ are syn. [in the sense of congressus venereus, as is shown by an ex. in the S.]. (S, K.) ― -b2- باشرهُ النَّعِيمُ (tropical:) [ Enjoyment attended him; as though it clave to his skin ]. (A.) ― -b3- فَبَاشَرُوا رَوْحَ اليَقِينِ, or رُوحَ اليقين, is a metaphorical expression, [app. meaning (tropical:) And they felt the joy and happiness that arise from certainty, ] occurring in a trad. of 'Alee. (TA.) ― -b4- باشر الأَمْرَ, (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He superintended, managed, or conducted, the affair himself, or in his own person: (S, K, TA:) or (tropical:) he was present, himself, at the affair: (A, TA:) or, [properly,] he managed, or conducted, the affair with his بَشَرَة, i. e., his own hand: (Mgh, * Msb:) and hence a later application of the verb in the sense of لَاحَظَ (assumed tropical:) [ He regarded, or attended to, the thing, or affair, &c.]. (Msb.)

4 ابشر ذ : see 1, first sentence, in two places. ― -b2- [Hence,] ابشر الأَمْرُ وَجْهَهُ The affair made his countenance beautiful and bright: in the K we read, أَبْشَرَ الأَمْرَ حَسَّنَهُ وَ نَضَّرَهُ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, AA renders a reading in the Kur [xlii. 22], ذٰلِكَ ا@لَّذِى يُبْشِرُ ا@للّٰهُ عِبَادَهُ, meaning That is it with which God will make beautiful and bright the face of his servants: so in the L. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 2. ― -b4- [Hence,] أَبْشَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant: (K:) as though she rejoiced [her owner] by announcing her conception. (TA. [See 2, last sentence.]) ― -b5- And أَبْشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth put forth its herbage appearing upon its surface. (S, K.) -A2- See also 1, latter part, in four places.

5 تَبَشَّرَ see, latter part.

6 تباشر القَوْمُ ذ The people, or company of men, announced, one to another, a joyful event, or joyful events. (S.) And هُمْ يَتَبَاشَرُونَ بِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ They rejoice one another by the annunciation of that event. (TA.)

10 استبشر ذ : see 1, latter part. -A2- استبشرهُ He demanded of him a reward for an annunciation of joyful tidings. (M.) ― -b2- See also 2.

بُشْرٌ ذ : see بُشْرَى. ― -b2- It is also a contraction of بُشُرٌ, which is pl. of بَشُورٌ (TA) or بَشِيرٌ. (TA in art. نشر.)

بِشْرٌ ذ Cheerfulness, or openness and pleasantness, of countenance: (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA:) and happiness, joy, or gladness. (Har p. 192.) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ البِشْرِ He is cheerful, or open and pleasant, in countenance. (S.)

بَشَرٌ ذ : see بَشَرَةٌ ― -b2- [Hence,] البَشَرُ (assumed tropical:) Mankind: (S, Msb, K:) and the human being: (Msb, K:) applied to the male and to the female; and used alike as sing. and pl. (Msb, K, TA) and dual: (TA:) so that you say, هُوَ بَشَرٌ He is a human being, and هِىَ بَشَرٌ She is a human being, and هُمْ بَشَرٌ They (more than two) are human beings, and هُمَا بَشَرٌ They two are human beings: (TA:) but sometimes it has the dual form; (Msb, K;) as in the Kur xxiii. 49; (Msb, TA;) though the Arabs may have used the dual form in the sense of the sing.: (MF:) and sometimes it has a pl., namely, أَبْشَارٌ. (K.) This is a secondary application of the word: (Msb:) i. e., this signification is tropical; or, as some say, the word is so much used in this sense as to be, so used, conventionally regarded as proper; the sense not depending upon its having another word connected with it: but in the S and K, and by the generality of authors, this signification is given as proper. (MF.) Some say that a human being is thus called because his بَشَرَة is bare of hair and of wool. (MF.) [Hence,] أَبُو البَشَرِ [ The father of mankind; meaning] Adam. (K.)

بَشَرَةٌ ذ (Lth, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ بَشَرٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is pl. of the former, (Msb, K,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] like قَصَبَهُ and قَصَبٌ, (Msb,) and أَبْشَارٌ is pl. of بَشَرٌ, (K,) [The external skin; the cuticle, or scarf-skin; the epidermis; ] the exterior of the skin (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) of a human being; (S, A, K;) and, as some say, of other creatures, (K,) such as the serpent; but this is generally disallowed: (TA:) or بَشَرَةٌ signifies the exterior of the skin of the head, in which grows the hair; as also أَدَمَةٌ and شَوَاةٌ: (Aboo-Safwán:) or the upper skin (Lth, M) of the head (M) and of the face and body of a human being; (Lth, M;) that upon which the hair grows: (M:) or, as some say, that which is next the flesh. (M.) It is said in a prov., اـِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ الأَدِيمُ ذُو البَشَرَةِ: see أَدِيمٌ. ― -b2- بَشَرَةٌ sometimes means The complexion, or hue: and fineness, or delicacy. (TA.) -A2- بَشَرَةُ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The herbage appearing upon the surface of the earth. (S, A, K.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ بَشَرَتَهَا (tropical:) How goodly is its herbage appearing upon its surface! (S, A.) And بَشَرَةٌ [alone] signifies (tropical:) Leguminous plants; herbs, or herbage. (TA.) ― -b2- بَشَرَةٌ is used also as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's hand. (Msb.) [See 3, last sentence.]

بُشْرَى ذ (imperfectly decl., because it terminates with a fem. alif which is inseparable from it, S) and ↓ بِشَارَةٌ and ↓ بُشَارَةٌ [but respecting this last see بِشَارَةٌ below] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ بُشْرٌ (Msb) are substs. from بَشَّرَهُ (S, Msb, K) [originally signifying An annunciation which produces a change in the بَشَرَة (or complexion ) of the person to whom it is made: and hence, a joyful annunciation; joyful, or glad, tidings; good news ]: and ↓ تَبَاشِيرُ [q. v. infrà] signifies the same as بُشْرَى: (S, K:) ↓ بِشَارَةٌ, when used absolutely, relates only to good; (S, Msb;) not to evil unless when expressly restricted thereto by an adjunct: [see 2:] (S:) its pl. is بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ. (A.)

يَا بُشْرَاىَ ذ , in the Kur [xii. 19, accord. to one reading, (otherwise, as Bd mentions, بُشْرَاىْ, or بُشْرَىَّ, which is a dial. var. of the same, or بُشْرَى, which, as some say, was the name of a man,) meaning O my joyful annunciation, or joyful tidings, or good news! ], is like عَصَاى: and in the dual you say, يَا بُشْرَيَىَّ. (S.) You say also, ↓ تَتَابَعَتِ البِشَارَاتُ and البَشَائِرُ [ The joyful annunciations followed consecutively ]. (A.) See another ex. voce بَشِيرٌ. ― -b2- See also بِشَارَةٌ.

[ بَشَرِىٌّ ذ Human; of, or belonging to, or relating to, mankind or a human being. ]

بُشَارٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people. (IAar, K.)

بَشُورٌ ذ : see what next follows, in three places.

بَشِيرٌ ذ i. q. ↓ مُبَشِّرٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) [and so ↓ بَشُورٌ, as will be seen by an ex. in what follows,] One who announces to a people [ or person ] an event, either good or evil; (TA;) but meaning the former oftener than the latter: (Msb:) [ an announcer of a joyful event, or joyful events: one who rejoices another, or others, by an annunciation: ] pl. بُشَرَاآءُ (A) and بُشُرٌ, (TA in art. نشر,) or this is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ. (TA in the present art.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 55], وَ هُوَ ا@لَّذِى يُرْسِلُ ا@لرِّيَاحَ بُشُرًا, and بُشْرًا, and ↓ بُشْرَى, and بَشْرًا; [accord. to different readings, meaning (assumed tropical:) And He it is who sendeth the winds announcing coming rain; ] in which بُشُرٌ is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ, [syn. with بَشِيرٌ and مُبَشِّرٌ, but both masc. and fem.,] (TA,) or of بَشِيرٌ, (Bd,) or of بَشِيرَةٌ; (TA in art. نشر;) and بُشْرًا is a contraction of the same; and بُشْرَى is syn. with بِشَارَةٌ; and بَشْرًا is the inf. n. of بَشَرَهُ in the sense of بَشَّرَهُ (TA. [But the reading commonly followed in this passage is نُشُرًا, with ن: another reading is نُشْرًا: another, نَشْرًا: and another, نَشَرًا.]) And ↓ المُبَشِّرَاتُ, (A,) or مُبَشِّرَاتُ الرِّيَاحِ, (S,) signifies (tropical:) Winds that announce [ coming ] rain: (S, A:) so in the Kur xxx. 45. (TA.) -A2- Also Goodly; beautiful; elegant in form or features; (S, K;) applied to a man, and to a face: (TA:) fem. with ة; (S, K;) applied to a woman, and to a she-camel; (S;) and meaning, when applied to a she-camel, neither emaciated nor fat: or, accord. to Aboo-Hilál, neither of generous nor of ignoble breed: or, as some say, half-fattened: (TA:) pl. of the fem. بَشَائِرُ: (S:) and ↓ مَبْشُورَةٌ signifies beautiful in make and colour; (IAar, K;) applied to a girl. (IAar.)

بَشَارَةٌ ذ Goodliness; beauty; elegance of form or features. (S, K, TA.)

بُشَارَةٌ ذ What is pared off from the face of a hide: what is pared off from its back is called تِحْلِئٌ. (Lh.) -A2- See also بِشَارَةٌ: ― -b2- and see بُشْرَى.

بِشَارَةٌ ذ ; pl. بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَائِرُ: see بُشْرَى, in three places; and see also تَبَاشِيرُ. ― -b2- Also A gift to him who announces a joyful event; and so ↓ بُشَارَةٌ: (K, * TA:) or the latter, which is like the عُمَالَة of the عَامِل, has this signification; (IAth;) and so ↓ بُشْرَى; (M;) and بِشَارَةٌ [has the same meaning accord. to common usage, but, properly,] is a subst. in the sense explained above, voce بُشْرَى. (IAth.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَوْبِى بِشَارَةً I gave him my garment as a reward for the joyful annunciation. (TA from a trad.)

هُوَ أَبْشَرُ مِنْهُ ذ He is more goodly or beautiful, more elegant in form or features, and more fat, than he. (K.)

تُبُشِّرٌ ذ , in the hand writing of J تُبَشِّرٌ, [and so in my copies of the S,] a word of which there is not the like except in the instances of تُنُوِّطٌ [or تُنَوِّطٌ], a certain bird, and وَادِى تُهُلِّكَ [or تُهَلِّكَ?] and وَادِى تُضُلِّلَ [or تُضَلِّلَ] and وَادِى تُخُيِّبَ [or تُخَيِّبَ], (TA,) A certain bird, called the صُفَارِيَّة: (S, K:) n. un. with ة. (K.)

تَبَاشِيرُ ذ , as though it were pl. of تَبْشِيرٌ, inf. n. of بَشَّرَ; (A;) a word which has not its like except in the instances of تَعَاشِيبُ and تَعَاجِيبُ and تَفَاطِيرُ [and تَبَاكِيرُ and تَبَارِيحُ, and probably a few others]; (TA;) (tropical:) [ Annunciations; foretokens; foretellers; foreshowers; prognostics; earnests; of what is good:] the beginnings of anything: (S, K:) the first of blossoms &c.: (TA:) the beginnings, (S, K,) or first annunciations, (A,) of daybreak; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ بَشَائِرُ: (TA:) it has no verb: (S:) and [is said to have] no sing.: but in a trad. of El-Hajjáj, تَبْشِيرٌ occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) the commencement of rain. (TA.) One says, فِيهِ مَخَايِلُ الرُّشْدِ وَ تَبَاشِيرُهُ (tropical:) [ In him are indications of right conduct, or belief, and its earnests ]. (A.) See also بُشْرَى. ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Streaks of the light of daybreak in the night. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Streaks that are seen upon the surface of the ground, caused by the winds. (Lth, K. *) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) The colours of palm-trees when their fruit begins to ripen; (K;) as also تَبَاكِيرُ. (TA.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) Such as bear fruit early, or before others, of palm-trees. (K.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) Marks of galls upon the side of a beast. (K.)

رَجُلٌ مُؤْدَمٌ مُبْشَرٌ ذ (tropical:) A perfect man; as though he combined the softness of the أَدَمَة [or inner skin ] with the roughness of the بَشَرَة [or outer skin ]: (S:) or a man who combines softness, or gentleness, and strength, with knowledge of affairs: (As:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ مُؤْدَمَةٌ مُبْشَرَةٌ (tropical:) a woman perfect in every respect. (TA.) [See also art. ادم.]

مُبَشِّرٌ ذ and مُبَشِّرَاتٌ: see بَشِيرٌ.

مَبْشُورَةٌ ذ : see بَشِيرٌ, last sentence.

حِجْرٌمُبَاشِرٌ ذ [so in two copies of the S: in Golius's Lex. مُبَاشِرَةٌ:] A mare [so I render حجر, which Golius renders ‘ vulva, ’] desiring the stallion. (S.) [See also مُبَاسِرَةٌ, with س.]

1 بَشِعَ ذ , aor. بَشَعَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. بَشَاعَةٌ (S, K) and بَشَعٌ, (K,) said of a thing, (S,) or of food, (K, TA,) It was, or became, disagreeable in taste, and choking: (S:) or disagreeable, or unpleasant, having in it dryness and bitterness. (K, TA.) ― -b2- بَشِعَ الرَّجُلُ, (K, * TA,) aor. بَشَعَ , (K,) inf. n. بَشَعٌ (S, K) and بَشَاعَةٌ, (K,) The man was, or became, disagreeable in the odour of the mouth, (S, * K,) from eating food disagreeable in taste, and choking; (S;) not removing the remains of food from between his teeth, nor cleaning them with the tooth-stick. (K.) You say, بَشِعَ مِنْهُ [ He was, or became, disagreeable in the odour of the mouth from it ]; meaning, from eating food such as is described above. (S.) [Or this phrase in the S may have another meaning, which see in what follows.] ― -b3- And [hence,] (tropical:) The man was, or became, evil in his disposition, and in his social intercourse. (Msb.) You say also, فِى خُلُقِهِ بَشَاعَةٌ (tropical:) In his disposition is evilness. (TA.) ― -b4- بَشَعٌ also signifies, in relation to wood, (tropical:) The abounding in knots. (TA.) ― -b5- Also The fauces' being straitened, or choked, by coarse, or rough, food. (TA.) [And بَشِعَ مِنْهُ means He experienced a straitened state, or choking, of the fauces from it; namely coarse, or rough, food; or food disagreeable in taste, and choking: see 4: and see another meaning of this phrase above.] ― -b6- And [hence,] بَشِعَ [or بَشِعَ بِالمَاآءِ,] aor. بَشَعَ , (tropical:) It (a valley) was, or became, choked, surcharged, or overfilled, with the water. (K.) And بَشِعَ بِالنَّاسِ (tropical:) It [a place] was, or became, choked, or overfilled, with men, or the people. (Z, TA.) ― -b7- [Hence also,] بَشِعَ بِالأَمْرِ, (K,) inf. n. بَشَعٌ and بَشَاعَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was unable to do, or accomplish, the thing, or affair. (K, TA.) -A2- بَشِعَ بِالشَّىْءِ, and بَشَعَ بِهِ, inf. n.بَشْعٌ, He seized the thing in a violent and an abominable manner. (L,TA.)

4 أَبْشَعَنِى الطَّعَامُ ذ The food caused me to experience a straitened state, or choking, of the fauces, (حَمَلَنِى عَلَى البَشَعِ,) by reason of its coarseness, or roughness. (IAar.) [See 1.]

10 استشعهُ ذ i. q. عَدَّهُ بَشِعًا [ He reckoned it disagreeable in taste, and choking; or disagreeable, or unpleasant, as having in it dryness and bitterness ]; (S, Msb, K;) namely, a thing. (S.) ― -b2- And [hence,] استبشع المُقَامَ فِى مَحَلِّ كَذَا He reckoned unpleasant, or uncomfortable, the remaining in such a place of abode; syn.اِسْتَخْشَنَهُ. (TA.) -A2- اِسْتِبْشَاعٌ also signifies The being bad, unpleasant, or disapproved. (KL.)

بَشِعٌ ذ A thing disagreeable in taste, and choking; or ↓ بَشِيعٌ has this signification : (so accord. to different copies of the S:) or both, applied to food, have the same signification: (TA:) or the former signifies also disagreeable, or unpleasant, food, having in it dryness and bitterness; (Lth, Z, K;) like the taste of the myrobalan: (TA:) or food rough, or coarse, and disagreeable in taste: or dry food, in which is no seasoning, or condiment: (TA:) or rough, or coarse; applied to food; (Nh;) and so (tropical:) applied to clothing; (IAar, Nh;) and (tropical:) to speech, or language; (Nh;) and ↓ بَشِيعٌ applied to speech, or language, signifies (tropical:) rough, or coarse, and disagreeable. (IAar.) ― -b2- Applied to a man, (S TA,) as is also ↓ بَشِيعٌ, in the same sense, (TA, [but in what sense is not there said,]) it signifies, Disagreeable in the odour of the mouth, (Msb,ast; K,) who does not remove the remains of food from between his teeth, nor clean them with the tooth-stick; (K;) fem. with ة: (TA:) and one who has eaten a thing such as is thus termed, (S K TA,) and not swallowed it easily, (TA,) and has become disagreeable in the odour of the mouth from it, or has experienced a straitened state, or choking, of the fauces from it. (S, TA: [the last words of the explanation being فَبَشِعَ مِنْهُ]) ― -b3- Also (tropical:) One whose soul is heavy, or heaving, or agitated by a tendency to vomit. (ISh, K, TA.)― -b4- And (tropical:) Evil in disposition, (K, TA,) and in social intercourse. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ بَشِعَ الخُلُقِ (tropical:) He is evil in disposition. (TA.) ― -b5- Also, (K, TA,) or بَشِعُ المَنْظَرِ, (Msb,) (tropical:) Foul, or ugly, in aspect; (Msb; K) not pleasing to the eyes. (TA.) ― -b6- Also, (K,) or بَشِعُ الوَجْهِ, (ISh, Msb,) (tropical:) Having a frowning, a contracted, a stern, an austere, or a morose, countenance. (ISh, Msb, K.) ― -b7- خَشَبَةٌ بَشِعَةٌ (tropical:) A piece of wood abounding in knots. (K, TA.)

بَشِيعٌ ذ : see بَشِعٌ, in three places.

بَشِقَ ذ , aor. بَشَقَ ; and بَشَقَ, aor بَشِقَ ; He struck, smote, or beat, another with a staff or stick. (Nawádir el-Aaráb, K.) -A2- He looked sharply, or intently: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) inf. n. بَشْقٌ. (JK.) -A3- Also the former verb, He hastened, or was quick; as also بَشَكَ. (IDrd, TA.) -A4- And the former, [but the aor. is not mentioned,] He cut a garment, or piece of cloth, in a light, or prompt, manner; as also بَشَكَ. (TA.) -A5- And بَشَقَ, inf. n. بَشْقٌ, He took, or seized. (Msb.)

نَظَرٌ بَشْقٌ ذ A sharp, or an intent, look. (JK.)

بَاشَقٌ ذ (JK, Msb, K) and بَاشِقٌ, (Msb, Es-Suyootee, TA,) the latter being allowable accord. to some for the sake of conformity to the usual Arabic measure, as in خاتم and دانق and طابع and the like; (Msb;) perhaps derived from بَشْقٌ meaning the “ looking sharply, ” or “ intently; ” (JK;) or from بَشَقَ meaning “ he took, ” or “ seized; ” (Msb;) or it is arabicized, (Msb, K,) from [the Persian] بَاشَهْ; (K;) A certain bird; (K;) [the musket, or sparrow-hawk; falco nisus; ] a bird of beautiful form, the smallest of birds of prey, that preys upon sparrows and other birds of their size: (Kzw:) it is of the birds called صُقُور, [pl. of صَقْرٌ,] as are also the بَازِى and the شَاهِين and the زُرَّق and the يُؤْيُؤ: (AHát in “ the Book of Birds, ” TA:) pl. بَوَاشِقُ. (Msb.)

1 بَشِمَ ذ , aor. بَشَمَ , inf. n. بَشَمٌ, He (a man, S, TA, or an animal, Msb) suffered, or became affected with, indigestion, (S, Msb, K,) in consequence of much eating: (Msb:) or he was heavy in consequence of food: (Ham p. 363:) or he became distressed, or oppressed, by eating much food. (TA.) You say, بَشِمْتُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ I suffered indigestion from the food: (S:) or was heavy in consequence of the food. (Ham ubi suprà) And بَشِمَ الفَصِيلُ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ شُرْبِ اللَّبَنِ The young camel suffered indigestion from drinking much milk. (S.) Accord. to IDrd, بَشَمٌ specially relates to beasts: accord. to Kh, it specially arises from greasy food. (Har p. 164.) ― -b2- Also (tropical:) He became affected with disgust, aversion, loathing, or nausea. (S, K, TA.) You say, بَشِمْتُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ, (S,) or عَنِ الطعام, (TA,) (tropical:) I turned away with disgust from the food; was averse from it; loathed it; nauseated it. (S, TA.) And بَشِمَ الفَصِيلُ عَنِ اللَّبَنِ (assumed tropical:) [ The young camel turned away with disgust from the milk; was averse from it; &c.]. (K in art.دقع.)

4 ابشمهُ ذ It (food) caused him to suffer, or be affected with, indigestion: (S, K, * TA:) or (assumed tropical:) loathing, or nausea. (K.)

بَشِمَ ذ part. n. of 1, meaning Suffering, or affected with, indigestion. (Msb.) ― -b2- [And (assumed tropical:) Affected with disgust, aversion, loathing, or nausea. ]

بَشَامٌ ذ [The tree of the balsam of Mekkeh; amyris opobalsamum; mentioned by Forskål in his Flora Aegypt. Arab. p. ex. as growing in the middle mountainous region of El-Yemen, and described by him in p. 79 of the same work; in both places as being called in Arabic ابو شام, which is a mistake for بشام;] a certain odoriferous kind of tree, (S K,) of sweet taste, (TA,) the leaves of which, (AHn, K) pounded, and mixed with الحِنَّاآء [or the leaves of the Lawsonia inermis ], (AHn,) blacken the hair; (AHn, K) it is a kind of tree having a stem and branches, and small leaves, but larger than the leaves of the [ species of marjoram called ] صَعْتَر, and having no fruit; [ but only, as Forskål states, a blackish seed, which is abortive; ] when its leaf or its branch is cut, it pours forth a white milk; (AHn, TA;) and its twigs are used for cleaning the teeth: (S, K:) n. un. with ة. (TA.) In a trad., mention is made of persons having no food but the leaves of the بشام. (TA.)