Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

بَرَاحٌ براح راح inf. n. of بَرِحَ, q. v.; whence the phrase لَا بَرَاحَ, explained above. (S, L, K.) -A2- A wide, or spacious, tract of land, (S, A, K,) kaving in it no seed-produce nor trees: (S, K:) or land having in it no building nor habitation: (Ham p. 237:) and applied as an epithet to land, signifying wide, or spacious, open, or conspicuous, and having in it no herbage nor habitation: and what is open, uncovered, and wholly apparent, of land: (TA:) or a place having no trees nor other things to cover or conceal it; as though such things had departed; (Mgh;) a place free from trees &c.: (Msb:) or an elevated and open tract of land. (Har p. 134.) ― -b2- حَبِيلُ بَرَاحٍ is an appellation given to (tropical:) A lion: and (assumed tropical:) a courageous man: as though each of them were bound with ropes, (K, TA,) and did not quit his place. (TA.) -A3- An affair, a thing, or a case, that is plain, evident, or manifest; (K, TA;) or open, or public. (TA.) You say, جَاآءَنَا بِالأَمْرِ بَرَاحًا [ He told us, or did to us, the thing ] plainly [or openly ]. (S.) And جَاآءَ بِالكُفْرِ بَرَاحًا وَ بِالشَّرِّ صُرَاحًا [ He uttered, or committed an act of, infidelity plainly, or openly, and evil, or mischief, unmixedly ]. (A, TA.) ― -b2- Counsel, or an opinion, that is disapproved, or deemed evil. (K.) -A4- بَرَاحِ, (El-Mufaddal, S, A, &c.,) and بَرَاحُ, with damm and without tenween, (AZ, El-Mufaddal,) a name of The sun: (S, A, &c.:) determinate [and the former indecl.]: the sun is so called because of the spreading of its light, and its conspicuousness; or, being applied to the sun when it sets, براح means بَارِحَةٌ; like as كَسَابِ, a name applied to a hunting-bitch, means كَاسِبَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَلَكَتْ بَرَاحِ The sun set [or declined from the meridian ]. (A, TA.) For this phrase, occurring at the end of a verse cited by Ktr, Fr reads دَلَكَتْ بِرَاحِ; راح being pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of رَاحَةٌ, meaning the “hand” [or “palm of the hand”]: (S, TA:) accord. to which reading, the poet means The sun had set, or had declined from the meridian, while they put their hands, or the palms of their hands, over their eyes, looking to see if it had set, or had declined from the meridian: or he who says, دَلَكَتِ الشَّمْسُ بِرَاحِ means the sun had almost set: the two readings بَراح and بِراح are mentioned by A'Obeyd and Az and Hr and Z and others: AZ says, دلكت بِرَاحٍ, with tenween, and بَرَاحٌ, without tenween. (TA.) [See also رَاحَةٌ, in art. روح.]

بَرُوحٌ بروح روح : see بَارِحٌ.

بَرِيحٌ بريح ريح : see بَارِحٌ. -A2- Also The croaking of the غُرَاب [or crow, of whatever species, as raven, carrion-crow, &c.]. (L.) ― -b2- [Hence,] اِبْنُ بَرِيحٍ: so in the K: in the S, أُمُّ بَرِيحٍ; but IB and Aboo-Zekereeyà say that only the former is right: (TA:) [in one copy of the S, however, I find both of these:] The غُرَاب [or crow, as a generic term, applying to the raven, carrion-crow, &c. ]: (S, K, &c.:) so called because of its cry: a determinate appellation: for the pl., the expression used is بَنَاتُ بَرِيحٍ. (TA.) ― -b3- See also بَرْحٌ. -A3- قَوْلٌ بَرِيحٌ A saying by which one pronounces a person to have said, or done, right. (L.)

بَارِحٌ بارح , (S, K, &c.,) as also ↓ بَرُوحٌ and ↓ بَرِيحٌ, (K,) applied to a gazelle, (S,) or what is hunted or shot, (K, TA,) of gazelles and birds and wild animals [in general], (TA,) Turning his left side towards the spectator, (S,) passing from the direction of the right hand of the latter towards the direction of his left hand: (S, K:) or turning his right side towards the spectator, passing from the direction of the latter's left hand towards that of his right: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IF, A, * L, Msb, * in art. سنح:) contr. of سَانِحٌ: (S, * TA:) pl. بَوَارِحُ. (L in art. سنح.) The Arabs [who apply the epithet in the latter sense] regard the بارح as an evil omen, and the سانح as a good omen; because one cannot shoot at the former without turning himself: (S:) but some of them hold the reverse: (Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee and L in art. سنح:) the people of Nejd hold the سانح to be a good omen; but sometimes a Nejdee adopts the opinion of the Hijázee [which is the contrary]. (IB in that art.) The first of these epithets is also applied to a bird as meaning Inauspicious; ill-omened. (A.) It is said in a prov., مَنْ لِى بِا لسَّانِحِ بَعْدَ البَارِحِ (TA) i. e. [ Who will be responsible to me ] for a fortunate, or lucky, event, after an unfortunate, or unlucky? (K in art. سنح:) applied in the case of a man's doing evil, and its being said, “He will at a future time do good to thee:” originally said by a man on the occasion of gazelles' passing before him in the manner of such as are termed بَارِحَة, and its being said to him, “They will present themselves to thee in the manner of such as are termed سَانحَة.” (TA.) And in another prov. it is said, اـِنَّمَا هُوَ كَبَارِحِ الأَرْوَى [ It, or he, is only like the mountain-goat passing in the manner of such as is termed بارح]: for it dwells on the tops of the mountains, and men scarcely ever see it passing with the right or left side towards them save once in the course of ages: (S, K:) applied in the case of an extraordinary occurrence: (K:) [or in the case of a benefit conferred by a man who very rarely confers benefits on others: (Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 35:)] or when a man has delayed, or been tardy in, visiting [but has come at last]. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence, فِتْلَةٌ بَارِحَةٌ i. q. شَزْرَةٌ [i. e. (tropical:) A manner of twisting contrary to that which is usual: see شَزَرَ]. (A.) ― -b3- And هٰذِهِ فَعْلةٌ بَارِحَةٌ (tropical:) This is an action that has not happened rightly. (A.) ― -b4- [Hence,] بِنْتُ بَارِحٌ: and [perhaps] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا بَارِحًا: and بَرْحٌ لِعَيْنَكَ بَارِحٌ: see بَرْحٌ. ― -b5- [And hence, perhaps, because of its evil effect; or because it comes, accord. to some, from the left, i. e. northerly direction, or, accord. to others, from the right, i. e. southerly direction; or] from بَرْحٌ as signifying “a difficult, a distressing, an afflictive, or adverse, and a wonderful, thing, or event;” (Ham p. 135;) بَارِحٌ signifies also A hot wind: (S:) or a hot wind in the صَيْفٌ [i. e. summer or spring ]: (K:) or a hot wind coming from the direction of El-Yemen: (Ham p. 135:) or a wind that carries up, raises, or sweeps up and scatters, the dust: (Msb:) pl. بَوارِحُ: (S, K, &c.:) or the بوارح are hot north, or northerly, winds in the صَيْف: (AZ, Az, S:) this Az found to be the sense in which the term was used by the Arabs in his time: (TA:) or violent winds that carry with them the dust by reason of their violence: (TA:) or this name (the pl.) was given by the Arabs to all winds in the time of the stars of the قَيْظ [or summer ]: they mostly blow in the time of the stars of Libra; [app. meaning when Libra is on, or near, the meridian at nightfall, agreeably with a statement in modern Arabic almanacs, that the periods of the beginning and end of the winds thus called are the 30th of May and the 9th of July;] and these winds are what are termed the سَمَائِم [pl. of سَمُومٌ]. (Ibn-Kunáseh, TA.) ― -b6- البَوَارِحُ is also said by some to signify الأَنْوَاآءُ [pl. of نَوْءٌ, q. v.]; as mentioned by AHn; but he repels their assertion. (TA.)

البَارِحَةُ البارحه البارحة بارح بارحة The next, or nearest, past, or preceding, night; yesternight: (S, A, Mgh, * Msb, * K:) from بَرِحَ signifying زَالَ [“he, or it, went away” &c.]. (S, A.) [In modern Arabic, Yesterday; as also البَارِح.] It has no dim. formed from it. (Sb, in S, in art. أمس; and TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَة [ I met, or met with, him, or it, last night, or yesternight ]: and لَقِيتُهُ البَارِحَةَ الأُولَي [ I met, or met with, him, or it, the night before last; this being the sense in which the phrase is now used by the learned: but the vulgar expression is أَوَّل البَارِحَة, generally pronounced أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحَهْ or أَوَّل اَمْبَارِحْ, agreeably with a peculiarity of the dial. of the people of El-Yemen, or of Teiyi and Himyer, by the substitution of اَمْ for اَلْ: see art. ام]. (S) From daybreak to the time when the sun declines from the meridian, one says, رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ فِى مَنَامِى [I saw to-night in my sleep (such a thing)]; but when the sun has declined, one says, رَأَيْتُ البَارِحَةَ [ I saw last night, or yesternight ]: (AZ, Th: [and the like is said in the Mgh and Msb:]) or one says, كَانَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا اللَّيْلَةَ [ Such and such things happened to-night ] until the sun is somewhat high and the day has become bright; but after this, one says, كَانَ البَارِحَةَ [ It happened last night, or yesternight ]. (Yoo, Seer.) The Arabs say, مَا أَشْبَهَ اللَّيْلَةَ بِا لبَارِحَةِ How like is this night wherein we are to the former night that has departed! (TA:) [or, this night to yesternight! ]: originally occurring in a poem of Tarafeh: used as meaning “how like is the child to the father!” and applied to [any] two things resembling each other. (Har p. 667.)

أَبْرَحُ ذ is formed [from بَرَحَ for بَرَّحَ] by the rejection of the added letter: [for a word of this kind is regularly formed only from an unaugmented triliteral-radical verb:] or it is like أَحْنَكُ, having no proper verb. (L.) You say, هٰذَا أَبْرَحُ عَلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ (A, * L, Msb *) This is more difficult, distressing, or afflicting, to me than that. (L, Msb. *) And هٰذَاآ الأَمْرُ أَبْرَحُ مِنْ هٰذَا This affair, event, or case, is more difficult, or distressing, than this. (S.) And قَتَلُوهُمْ أَبْرَحَ قَتْلٍ [ They slew them with a most severe slaughter ]. (S.)

تَبْرِيحٌ تبريح [inf. n. of 2, used as a simple subst.,] is said by some to be sing. of تَبَارِيحُ, and has been used as such by post-classical authors, but is not of established authority: accord. to others, the latter has no sing.: (MF:) the pl. signifies Difficulties, distresses, afflictions, or adversities: [see also بَرْحٌ:] or the difficulties, or obligations, incurred by troublesome, or inconvenient, means of obtaining subsistence: (TA:) and تَبَارِيحُ الشَّوْقِ the burning, or fierce burning, [or the burnings, &c.,] of the yearning, or longing, of the soul, or of longing desire. (S, K.)

أنَا مُبَرَّحٌ بِى ذ I am importuned, or pressed, with annoyance, or molestation. (A, TA.) [See the verb (2).]

مُبَرِّحٌ مبرح and ↓ بَرِحٌ, applied to an affair, an event, or a case, signify the same; (K, TA;) i. e. Severe, afflicting, distressing, or harassing: (TA:) and the former, to a beating, (S, A, Mgh, TA,) meaning the same; (TA;) or hurting (S, Mgh) severely: (S:) and to a man, meaning annoying, or molesting, by importuning, or pressing. (TA.) [See 2.] لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ بَرْحًا مُبَرِّحًا: see بَرْحٌ.

يَبْرُوحٌ يبروح , (K,) thus correctly written, with the ى before the ب; [not بيروح, as in the CK; in Chald. יַבְרוּחַ , the word corresponding to the sing. of the Hebr. דּוּרָאִים in Gen. xxx. 14 and 16, accord. to the paraphrase of Onkelos;] or يَبْرُوحٌ صَنَمِىٌّ [the idol-like يبروح]; (TA;) The root, or lower part, of the wild لُفَّاح [or mandrake, not to be confounded with another plant to which the name of لُفَّاح, q. v., is also applied], (K,) which is known by the names of فَاوَانِيَا and عُودُ الصَّلِيبِ [names now given to the peony], and called by MF تُفَّاحُ البَرِّ, [or the wild apple, but perhaps this is a mistranscription for لُفَّاحُ البَرِّ,] said by him to be an appellation used by the vulgar; (TA;) resembling the form of a man; (K;) and of two sorts, male and female; called by the people of Greece عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ: (TA:) it torpifies, (K,) and strengthens the two appetites [namely that of the stomach and that of the generative organ): (TA:) if ivory is cooked with it for six hours, it renders it soft; and if a part affected by [ the disease termed ] بَرَش is rubbed with its leaves for a week, (K,) without interruption, (TA,) it removes it without causing ulcers, or sores: (K:) the root of the wild لُفَّاح is the يَبْروح: it has the form of a human being; the male like the male, and the female like the female; and they pretend that he who pulls it up dies; wherefore, when they desire to do so, they tie a dog or some other animal to it. (Kzw, voce لُفَّاح.)

1 بَرُدَ برد رد , aor. بَرُدَ , inf. n. بُرُودَةٌ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) and بَرَدَ, aor. بَرُدَ , (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (M, Msb;) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the latter said of water, Msb) was, or became, cold, chill, or cool; [see بَرْدٌ below;] (S, M;) its heat became allayed. (Msb.) The latter verb is also used transitively, as will be shown below. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] بَرُدَ مَضْجَعَهُ [lit. His bed, or place of sleep, became cold; meaning] (tropical:) he went on a journey. (A.) ― -b3- بَرَدَ also signifies (tropical:) He died; (As, T, S, A, K;) because death is the non-existence of the heat of the soul; (L;) or it is allusive to the extinction of the natural heat; or to the cessation of motion. (MF.) For ― -b4- بَرَدَ, (MF,) aor. بَرُدَ , (Mgh,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (MF,) likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, still, quiet, or motionless; (Mgh, MF;) for instance, a slaughtered sheep or goat [&c.]. (Mgh.) And (assumed tropical:) It (beverage of the kind called نَبِيذ) became still, and without briskness. (TA, from a trad.) You say, رُعِبَ فَبَرَدَ مَكَانَهُ [(assumed tropical:) He became frightened, and remained motionless in his place; مَكَانَهُ meaning فِى مَكَانَهُ: and hence,] (tropical:) he became amazed, or stupified. (A.) And بَرَدَتْ عَيْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) The pain in his eye became allayed, or stilled. (L.) And بَرَدَ أَمْرُنَا (assumed tropical:) Our affair, or case, became easy. (TA, from a trad. [See also بَارِدٌ.]) ― -b5- Also, inf. n. بَرْد, [which see below,] (assumed tropical:) He slept. (T.) ― -b6- And hence, (tropical:) It remained, or became permanent, or fixed, or settled. (T.) So in the saying, لَمْ يَبْرُدْ بِيَدِى مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ (tropical:) There did not remain, or become permanent or fixed or settled, in my hand, thereof, anything. (T, L. *) You say also, بَرَدَ أَسِيرًا فِى أَيْدِيْهِمْ (tropical:) He remained safely a captive in their hands. (A.) And بَرَدَ فِى أَيْدِيهمْ سَلْمًا (tropical:) He became a permanent captive, remaining in their hands, not to be ransomed nor liberated nor demanded. (L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَىمُصْطَلَاهُ (tropical:) Death fixed, or settled, [ upon his face and extremities, or] upon his limbs, or upon his arms and legs and face and every prominent part, which become cold at the time of death, and which are warmed at the fire. (AHeyth, L.) And بَرَدَ المَوْتِ عَلَيْهِ [(tropical:) Death became impressed upon him; ] the marks, or signs, of death became apparent upon him. (A.) ― -b7- [And hence, app.,] (tropical:) It (a right, or due,) became incumbent, or obligatory, (M, K, TA,) and established. (TA.) You say, بَرَدَ لِى حَقِّى عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My right, or due, became incumbent, or obligatory, on such a one, and established against him. (M, * A, * TA.) And مَا بَرَدَ لَكَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) What hath become incumbent, or obligatory, to thee, on such a one, and established against him? or what hath become owed, or due, to thee, by, or from, such a one? as also مَا ذَابَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ. (S.) And بَرَدَ لِى عَلَيْهِ كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (tropical:) Such an amount of the property, or of property, became incumbent, or obligatory, to me, on him, and established against him; or became owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S.) ― -b8- Also, (K,) aor. بَرُدَ , inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA, [but see the next sentence,]) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) was, or became, weak; and so بُرِدَ, a verb like عُنِىَ. (K.) And, inf. n. بُرَادٌ and بُرُودٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, languid, (K,) or weak and languid, from leanness or disease: (M:) or weak in the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) And بَرَدَ مُخُّهُ, (A, K,) aor. بَرُدَ , inf. n. بَرْدٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (A, K;) and so بَرَدَتْ عِظَامُهُ. (A, TA.) ― -b9- (assumed tropical:) It (a sword [or the like]) was, or became, blunt. (M, K.) -A2- بَرَدَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. بَرُدَ , (Msb,) inf. n. بَرْدٌ; (K;) and ↓ برّدهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (S;) He made it, or rendered it, (for ex., water, M, Msb, K,) cold, chill, or cool: (S, &c.:) but the latter has an intensive signification [ he made it, or rendered it, very cold, or very cool ]: (Msb:) or both signify, (K,) or the former signifies, (M, TA,) he mixed it with snow: (M, K:) one does not say ↓ ابردهُ, except in a bad dialect. (S.) بَرِّدِيهِ, being used by a poet for بَلْ رِدِيهِ, has been erroneously supposed to mean “Make thou it hot.” (M.) You say, بَرَدَنَا اللَّيْلُ, (aor. and inf. n. as above, M,) and بَرَدَ عَلَيْنَا, The night affected us with its cold. (M, K.) And سَقَيْتُهُ شَرْبَةً بَرَدَتْ فُؤَادَهُ, (S, M, *) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) I gave him to drink a draught that cooled his heart: (S, M:) or بَرَدْتُ بِهَا فُؤَادَهُ [ with which I cooled his heart ]. (So in the T.) And فُؤَادَكَ بِشَرْبَةٍ ↓ بَرِّدْ Cool thy heart by a draught. (A.) And اِسْقِنِى سَوِيقًا أَبْرُدْ بِهِ كَبِدِى [ Give thou me to drink سويق with which I may cool my liver ]. (T.) And بَرَدَ عَيْنُهُ بِالْكُحْلِ, (A'Obeyd, T, M,) or بِالْبَرُودِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) [ He cooled his eye with the collyrium, or] he applied the cooling collyrium to his eye, (T, * S, M, * Msb, K, *) and allayed its pain. (M.) The following words, cited by IAar, بَرَدُوا غَوَارِبَ أَيْنُقٍ حُدْبِ [lit. They cooled the fore parts of the humps, or the backs, of humped she-camels ], mean (tropical:) they put off from them their saddles, that their backs might become cool. (M.) You say also, ↓ بَرِّدْ ظَهْرَ فَرَسِكَ سَاعَةً (tropical:) Relieve thy horse from riding [lit. cool his back ] awhile. (A.) And ↓ لَا تُبَرِّدْ عَنْ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Do not thou alleviate the punishment [ in the world to come ] due to the offence of such a one by thy reviling him, or cursing him, when he has acted injuriously to thee. (T, S, * M, * A, * L.) And بَرَدَ الخُبْزَ, (T, L, K,) بِالْمَاآءِ, (T,) He poured [ cold ] water upon the bread, (T, L, K,) and [...]

2 بَرَّدَ see بَرَدَهُ, in four places. ― -b2- برّدهُ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He made it incumbent, or obligatory, on him. (M, A.) ― -b3- And برّدهُ, (K, TA, but omitted in the CK,) inf. n. تَبْرِيدٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ابردهُ; (M, K;) (tropical:) It (a thing, M) made him, or rendered him, weak; weakened him; (K;) or made him, or rendered him, weak and languid. (M.) -A2- [برّد also signifies, as is indicated in the TA voce حُبَاحِبٌ, It (a locust) spread forth its wings; which are termed its بُرْدَانِ: see بُرْدٌ.]

4 ابرد أبرد ابرد برد He entered upon a cold, or cool, time: (Mgh, Msb:) he entered upon the last part of the day: (M, K:) he entered upon the time when the sun had declined: (Mohammad Ibn-Kaab, T:) and he entered upon the cool season, at the end of the summer. (Lth, T.) [Hence,] أَبْرِدُوا بِالطَّعَامِ Delay ye to eat food until it is cool: occurring in a trad. (El-Munáwee.) And أَبْرِدُوا بِالظُّهْرِ (T, A, Mgh, Msb) Defer ye the noon-prayers until the cooler time of the day, when the vehemence of the heat shall have become allayed. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَبْرِدْ عَنْكَ مِنَ الظَّهِيرِةَ Stay thou until the mid-day heat shall have become assuaged, and the air be cool. (M, and L in art. فيح.) ― -b2- ابردلَهُ He gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (M, K.) You say also, سَقَيْتُهُ فَأَبْرَدْتُ لَهُ, meaning I gave him to drink what was cold, or cool. (A'Obeyd, S.) ― -b3- ابردهُ He brought it cold, or cool. (M, K.) ― -b4- See بَرَدَهُ, first sentence. ― -b5- And see 2. -A2- See also 1, in four places; last three sentences.

5 تبرّد فِيهِ تبرد فيه تبرد فية He descended into it, (i. e., into water, TA,) and washed himself in it, to refresh himself by its coolness. (M, K.) See also 8. ― -b2- تبرّد also signifies (assumed tropical:) He became weakened. (TA.)

8 ابترد أبترد ابترد ٱبترد He washed himself with cold water: (S:) and likewise, (S,) or ابتردالمَاآءَ, (K,) he drank water to cool his liver: (S, K:) or the latter signifies he poured the water cold upon himself, (M, K,) meaning, upon his head: (M:) and بِالْمَاءِ ↓ تبرّد, (T, A,) and ابترد, (A,) he washed himself with water, or with the water. (T.)

10 استبرد عَلَيْهِ لِسَانَهُ استبرد عليه لسانه استبرد عليه لسانة (tropical:) He let loose his tongue and used it like a file against him. (A.)

بَرْدٌ برد رد and ↓ بُرُودَةٌ [originally inf. ns.] Cold; coldness; chill; chilness; cool, as a subst.; coolness; the former, contr. of حَرٌّ; (S, M, A, Msb;) and the latter, of حَرَارَةٌ. (S.) ― -b2- And [hence] the former, (tropical:) Pleasantness; enjoyment; ease; comfort: as in the saying, نَسْأَلُكَ الجَنَّةَ وَ بَرْدَهَا (tropical:) We ask of Thee Paradise and its pleasantness, &c. (L.) ― -b3- Also (assumed tropical:) Sleep: (T, S, M, A, K:) [an inf. n. used as a subst.:] so in the Kur lxxviii. 24: (S, M, K:) for sleep cools a man: (TA:) or, accord. to I'Ab, it there means the coldness, or coolness, of beverage. (T.) You say, مَنَعَ البَرَدُ البَرْدَ (assumed tropical:) The hail prevented sleep. (A.) ― -b4- And (assumed tropical:) Saliva: (Th, T, M, K:) so, accord. to Th, in the saying of El-'Arjee, وَ اـِنْ شِئْتِ لَمْ أَطْعَمُ نُقَاخًا وَ لَا بَرْدَا And if thou desire, I will not taste sweet water, nor saliva [from any lips but thine]. (T, M, * TA. [But this is cited in the S as an ex. of بَرْد signifying sleep. ]) ― -b5- See also بَارِدٌ. ― -b6- [Hence,] البَرْدَانِ: see الأَبْرَدَانِ, voce أَبْرَدُ.

بُرْدٌ برد رد A kind of garment; (S;) a kind of striped garment: (M, K:) accord. to some, of the description termed وَشْىٌ [or variegated ]: (M:) or particular kinds thereof are distinguished by such terms as بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ and بُرْدُ وَ شْىٍ: (Msb:) also, (as a coll. gen. n., TA,) garments of the kind called أَكْسِيَةٌ, [pl. of كِسَاآءٌ,] which are wrapped round the body; (K;) one of which is called ↓ بُرْدَةٌ: (M, K:) or, as Lth says, the بُرْد is [ a ] well-known [ garment ], of the kind called بُرُودُ العَصْبِ and بُرُودُ الوَشْىِ; (T;) but the ↓ بُرْدَةٌ is a garment of the kind called كِسَاآءٌ, four-sided, black, and somewhat small, worn by the Arabs of the desert: (T, S, Mgh, * Msb, * TA:) or this latter (the بردة) is a striped garment of the kind called شَمْلَةٌ: (T:) or it is an oblong piece of woollen cloth, fringed: (M:) Sh says, I saw an Arab of the desert wearing a piece of woollen cloth resembling a napkin, wrapped round the body like an apron; and on my saying to him, What dost thou call it? he answered, بُرْدَة: (T:) [the modern بردة, in every case in which I have seen it, I have observed to be an oblong piece of thick woollen cloth, generally brown or of a dark or ashy dust-colour, and either plain, or having stripes so narrow and near together as to appear, at a little distance, of one colour; used both to envelop the person by day and as a night-covering: the بردة of Mohammad is described as about seven feet and a half in length, and four and a half in width, and in colour either أَخْضَر or أَحْمَر, i. e. of a dark or ashy dust-colour or brown; for such are the significations of these two epithets when applied to a garment of this kind, and in some other cases:] the pl. of بُرْدٌ is أَبْرُدٌ (M, K) and أَبْرَادٌ [both pls. of pauc.] and بُرُودٌ (S, M, K) and بُرَدٌ, (IAar, T,) or this last is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, (S, M,) and بِرَادٌ, like as قِرَاطٌ is pl. of قُرْطٌ, or this, also, is pl. of بُرْدَةٌ, like as بِرَامٌ is pl. of بُرْمَةٌ. (M.) ― -b2- ذُوبُرْدٍ, as opposed to ذُو كِسَاآءِ, means (assumed tropical:) A rich man. (S in art. عج.) ― -b3- وَقَعَ بَيْنُهُمَا قَدُّ بُرُودٍ يُمْنَةٍ, (so in copies of the K, in the TA يُمَنَةٍ,) or بُرُودٍ ثَمِينَةٍ, (so in a copy of the A,) (tropical:) [ There happened between them two the rending of بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen, accord. to the reading in the K, or of costly بُرُود, accord. to the reading in the A,] means they arrived at a great, or severe, state of affairs; (K;) or is said of two men who have contended together in vehement altercation so that they have rent each other's garments; (A;) [accord. to the reading in the K,] because يُمَنٌ, [in the CK يُمْن,] which are بُرُود of El-Yemen, are not rent save on account of some great, or severe, thing, or affair. (K.) ― -b4- ↓ هُمَا فِى بُرْدَةِ أَخْمَاسٍ means (assumed tropical:) They two do one deed; or act alike; (IAar, M, K;) and resemble each other, as though they were in one بُرْدَة: (IAar, M:) or they two have become near together, and in a state of agreement. (K in art. خمس, q. v.) ― -b5- And ↓ سَلَبَ الصَّهْبَاآءَ بُرْدَتَهَا(tropical:) He, or it, deprived the wine of its colour. (A.) ― -b6- And بُرْدَا الجَرَادِ, (T,) or الجُنْدَبِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) The two wings [ of the locust, or of the species called جندب]. (T, S.) ― -b7- And ↓بُرْدَةُ الضَّأْنِ(assumed tropical:) A certain sort of milk. (K.)

بَرَدٌ برد رد Hail; what descends from the clouds, resembing pebbles; (M, Msb;) frozen rain; (Lth, T;) what is called حَبُّ الغَمَامِ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَبُّ المُزْنِ (Msb) [i. e. the grains, or berries, of the clouds: a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة, signifying a hailstone ].

بَرِدٌ برد رد Possessing coldness or coolness: an epithet applied to the [plant called] صِلِّيَان. (S.) ― -b2- سَحَابٌ بَرِدٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ أَبْرَدُ, (S, K,) Clouds containing hail (T, S, M, K *) and cold. (T.) You say also سَحَابَةٌ بَرِدَةٌ A cloud containing hail (T, S, M, A *) and cold; (T;) but not سحابة بَرْدَاآءُ. (M.)

بَرْدَةٌ برد برده بردة رد ردة : see بَارِدٌ: -A2- and see also بَرَدَةٌ. -A3- هِىَ لَكَ بَرْدَةَ نَفْسَهَا She is purely thine; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S, M;) syn. خَالِصَةً: (M:) A'Obeyd explains it by خَالِصًا, (T, S, M,) not in the fem. form, (TA,) on the authority of Fr. (T.) ― -b2- هُوَ لِى بَرْدَةَ يَمِينِى, (A'Obeyd, M,) or هُوَ لِبَرْدَةِ يَمِينِى, (S,) He, or it, is known to me. (A'Obeyd, S, M.) -A4- بَرْدَةُ a proper name applied to The ewe. (K.)

بُرْدَةٌ برد برده بردة رد ردة : see بُرْدٌ, in five places.

بَرَدَةٌ برد برده بردة رد ردة (T, S, M, A, &c.) and ↓ بَرْدَةٌ (T, M, K) Indigestion; a malady arising from unwholesome food: (S, M, A, L, Msb, K:) or heaviness of food to the stomach: (IAar, T, L:) so termed because it makes the stomach cold. (T, L, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَصْلُ كُلِّ دَاآءٍ البَرَدَةُ [ The origin of every disease is indigestion ]. (T, S, M, * A.) -A2- Also, the former, The middle of the eye. (K.)

بُرَدَاآءُ برداآء An ague; i. e. a fever attended by a cold fit, (K,) or by shivering. (TA.)

بَرْدِيٌّ برد بردى بردي رد ردى A well-known kind of plant, (S, M, * K,) of which the kind of paper termed قِرْطَاس is made; (TA in art. قرطس, q. v. ;) [namely, papyrus; and] of which mats are made; (Msb;) [app. meaning rushes in general: but the former is generally meant by it in the present day, and is probably the proper signification: anciently, mats, as well as ropes and sails &c., were made of the rind of the papyrus; and even small boats were constructed of its stalks bound together; and of such, probably, was the ark in which the infant Moses was exposed: it is a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. بَرْدِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) Hence, قَطْنُ البَرْدِىّ The cotton of the papyrus, which, resembling wool, is gathered from the stalk, and, mixed with lime, composes a very tenacious kind of cement. (Golius, from Ibn-Maaroof.) ― -b2- [Also, a rel. n. from the same, meaning Of, or belonging to, or resembling, the plant so called. Hence the saying,] لَهَا سَاقٌ بَرْدِيَّةٌ [ She has a shank like a papyrus-stalk ]. (A.)

بُرْدِىٌّ برد بردى بردي رد ردى One of the most excellent sorts of dates: (S, Msb:) an excellent sort of dates, (AHn, M, K,) resembling the بَرْنِىّ: (AHn, M:) or a sort of dates of El-Hijáz. (TA.)

[ بَرْدَانٌ بردان Feeling cold or chilly or cool: fem. with ة: perhaps post-classical; for I have not found it mentioned in any of the lexicons.]

بُرَادٌ براد : see بَارِدٌ. -A2- Also Weakness of the legs, from hunger or fatigue. (Ibn-Buzurj, T.) [See also 1.]

بَرُودٌ برود رود : see بَارِدٌ. ― -b2- Beverage that cools the heat of thirst. (T.) ― -b3- Also, (T, L, K,) and ↓ مَبْرُودٌ, (T, M, A, L, K,) Bread upon which water is poured; (T, L, K;) which is moistened with cold water: (A:) eaten by women to make them fat. (M, A, L.) The subst. applied to such bread is ↓ بَرِيدٌ (A.) ― -b4- بَرُودٌ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates] also signifies Cold water which one pours upon his head. (M.) ― -b5- Anything with which a thing is rendered cold, or cooled. (S, M.) ― -b6- A collyrium which cools the eye; (Lth, T, M, Msb;) also termed بَرُودُ العَيْنِ. (T, S.) ― -b7- بَرُودُ الظِّلِّ (assumed tropical:) Pleasant in social intercourse: applied alike to the male and the female. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b8- ثَوْبٌ بَرُودٌ A garment without nap: (K:) and a garment that is not warm nor soft. (TA.)

بَرِيدٌ بريد : see بَرُودٌ. -A2- Also A mule appointed [ for the conveyance of messengers ] in a رِبَاط [or public building for the accommodation of travellers and their beasts, or in a سِكَّة, which is a house or the like specially appropriated to messengers and the beasts that carry them: thus it signifies a postmule: afterwards, it was applied also to a posthorse, and any beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers ]: (Mgh:) [this is what is meant by the words in the S and K, البَرِيدُ المُرَتَّبُ:] it is a word of Persian origin, (Z in the Fáïk,) arabicized, from بُرِيدَهْ دُمْ, (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh,) i. e. “docked,” or “having the tail cut off;” for the post-mules (بِغَالُ البَرِيدِ) had their tails cut off in order that they might be known: (Z in the Fáïk:) [or perhaps it is from the Hebrew פֶּרֶד “a mule:”] or it is applied to the beast appointed for the conveyance of messengers (دَابَّةُ البَرِيدِ) because he traverses the space called بَرِيد [defined below: but the reason before given for this appellation is more probable: it is like the Lat. “veredus”]: (T, Msb:) pl. بُرُدٌ (Z, Mgh, Msb) and بُرْدٌ, which is a contraction of the former, like as رُسْلٌ is of رُسُلٌ. (Z.) You say, حُمِلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى البَرِيِد [ Such a one was borne on the postmule or post-horse ]. (S.) Imra-el-Keys speaks of a بريد of the horses of Barbar. (S.) ― -b2- Having been originally used in the sense first explained above, it was afterwards applied to A messenger borne on a post-mule [or post-horse ]: (Z in the Fáïk, and Mgh:) or messengers on beasts of the post: (M, K:) or a messenger that journeys with haste: (A:) or [simply] a messenger: (S, Msb, K:) pl. as above. (M, * Z.) Hence the saying, الحُمَّى بَرِيدُ المَوْتِ Fever is the messenger of death: (T, Msb:) because it gives warning thereof. (T.) Hence also البَرِيدُ applied to The animal called الفُرَانِقُ, (said to be the jackal, but some say otherwise, TA,) because he gives warning before [the approach of] the lion. (T, S, K.) And صَاحِبُ البَرِيِد [ The master of the messengers that journey on post-mules or post-horses ]. (S.) [And خَيْلٌ البَرِيِد, occurring in many histories &c., The post-horses, that carry messengers and others. ] ― -b3- Also, having been applied to a messenger on a post-mule [or post-horse], it then became applied to The space, or distance, traversed by the messenger thus called; (Mgh, Msb; *) the space, or distance, between each سِكَّة and the سِكَّة next to it; the سكّة being a structure of either of the kinds called بَيْت and قُبَّة, or a رِبَاط [explained above], in which the appointed messengers lodge; (Z in the Fáïk;) the space, or distance, between two stations, or places of alighting; or two parasangs, or leagues; (M, K;) [ six miles; ] each parasang, or league, being three miles, and each mile being four thousand cubits: (TA:) or twelve miles; (S, A, Msb, K;) i. e. four parasangs, or leagues: (Mgh, TA:) [for] the space, or distance, between each station termed سِكَّة and the next to it is either two parasangs or four: (Z in the Fáïk:) the distance of twelve miles is [also] termed سِكَّةُ البَرِيِد: (T:) the pl. is as above. (T, Z.) A journey of four بُرُد, or forty-eight miles, renders it allowable to shorten prayers; which miles are of the Háshimee measure, such as are measured on the road to Mekkeh. (T.) ― -b4- Also The course, or pace, of a camel along the space thus called: so in the following verse of Muzarrid, in praise of 'Arábeh El-Owsee: فَدَتْكَ عَرَابَ اليَوْمَ أُمِّى وَ خَالَتِى وَ نَاقَتِىَ النَّاجِى اـِلَيْكَ بَرِيدُهَا [ May my mother, and my maternal aunt, and my she-camel that is swift in her course to thee from one station to another, be ransoms for thee, O 'Arábeh, (the name being contracted,) this day! ]. (S.)

بُرَادَةٌ براد براده برادة Filings; (M, Mgh, K;) what falls from iron [&c.] when filed. (S.)

بُرُودَةٌ برود بروده برودة رود : see بَرْدٌ.

بَرَّادَةٌ براد براده برادة A vessel which cools water: (M, K:) or a كَوَّازَة [app. meaning either a stand, or a shelf, upon which mugs (كِيزَان, pl. of كُوز,) are placed; erroneously in the K, كُوَّارَةٌ, and كُوَارَةٌ, as I find it in different copies;] upon which water is cooled: (Lth, T, K: *) but [Az says,] I know not whether it be a classical or a post-classical word. (T.) Hence the saying, بَاتَتْ كِيزَانُهُمْ عَلَى البَرَّادَةِ Their mugs passed the night upon the برّادة. (A, TA.)

بَارِدٌ أرد بأرد بارد (S, M, Msb, K) Cold; chill; cool; (S, Msb;) applied to water [&c.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ بَرْدٌ, [originally an inf. n., like عَدْلٌ, used as an epithet,] (M, K,) and ↓ بَرُودٌ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بُرَادٌ; (M, K;) but the last two are intensive forms [signifying very cold or chill or cool ]. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) Anything loved, beloved, liked, or approved. (TA.) [Hence,] عَيْشٌ بَاردٌ (tropical:) An easy and a pleasant life, or state of life. (ISk, * T, * M, A, L, K.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ العَيْشِ, and العَيْشِ ↓ بَرْدَةُ, [the latter written in the TT بَرَدَةُ العيش,] (tropical:) A night of easy and pleasant life. (M, L.) And غَنيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ: see the latter word. ― -b3- سَمُومٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A hot wind that is constant, continual, permanent, settled, or incessant. (S, L.) ― -b4- لِى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفٌ بَارِدٌ (tropical:) A thousand [pieces of money &c.] are incumbent, or obligatory, on him, to me, and established against him; or are owed, or due, to me, by, or from, him. (S, M. *) ― -b5- جَاآءَ فُلَانٌ بَارِدًا مُخُّهُ, and بَارِدَ العِظَامَ, (tropical:) Such a one came in a lean, or an emaciated, state: in the contr. case, one says, حَارَّا مُخُّهُ, and حَارَّ العِظَامِ. (A, TA.) ― -b6- [بَارِدٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Blunt; applied to a sword and the like: see 1. ― -b7- And, contr., (assumed tropical:) Sharp: for you say,] مُرْهَفَاتٌ بَوَارِدُ [pl. of بَارِدَةٌ, meaning] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, or cutting, swords: (TA:) or slaying swords. (S.)

بَارِدَةٌ أرد بأرده بارد بارده باردة (assumed tropical:) Spoil acquired without fatigue; (IAar, T;) also termed غَنِيمَةٌ بَارِدَةٌ; and to this is likened, by the Prophet, fasting in winter. (T.) Also (assumed tropical:) Gain made by merchandise at the time of one's buying it. (IAar, T.)

أَبْرَدُ ذ [ More, and most, cold, or chill, or cool ]. ― -b2- [Hence,] الأَبْرَدَانِ and ↓ البَرْدَانِ The morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; (T, S, M, K;) also called العَصْرَانِ (S, K) and الصَّرْعَانِ and الرِّدْفَانِ: (T:) or (as in the S, but in the M and K “and”) the morning-shade and evening-shade: (S, M, K:) so called because of their coldness, or coolness. (TA.) ― -b3- See also بَرِدٌ. ― -b4- ثَوْرٌ أَبْرَدُ A bull upon which are spots, or patches, of white and black: (S, M:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (M.) ― -b5- And الأَبْرَدُ The leopard: fem. with ة: (T, K: [but in the TT, the fem. is written like the masc.:]) pl. الأَبَارِدُ. (T, K.) The female is also called الخَيْثَمَةُ. (T.)

اـِبْرَدَةُ أبرد أبرده ابرده ابردة برد , (S, M, &c.,) with kesr (S, Mgh, K) to the ء and the ر (Mgh, TA,) [in the CK اِبْرَدَة,] Cold in the belly, or inside; (M, K;) a well-known malady, arising from the prevalence of cold and humidity, and preventing one, by languor, from performing the act of coition: (S, Mgh:) and a dripping of the urine, which prevents a man's taking pleasure in women. (T, L.) ― -b2- Also Coldness of the damp earth, and of rain. (M, L.) An Arab says, اـِنَّهَا لَبَارِدَةٌ اليَوْمَ [ Verily it (the morning, الغَدَاةُ, L) is cold to-day ]; and another says to him, لَيْسَتْ بِبَارِدَةٍ اـِنَّمَا هِىَ اـِبْرِدَةُ الثَّرَى [ It is not cold: it is only the coldness of the damp earth ]. (S, L.)

مُبْرَدٌ مبرد [pass. part. n. of 4]. You say, أَرْضٌ مُبْرَدَةٌ: see مَبْرُودٌ.

مُبْرِدٌ مبرد [act. part. n. of 4]. You say, جِئْنَاكَ مُبْرِدِينَ We came to thee when the heat had become allayed. (T.) -A2- Also One sending, or who sends, a بَرِيد [or بُرُد, i. e., a messenger on a post-mule or posthorse, or messengers on post-mules or post-horses ]. (S.)

مِبْرَدٌ مبرد (S, K, &c.) A file; (M;) syn. سُوهَانٌ; (M, K;) which is a Persian word: (M:) pl. مَبَارِدُ. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence,] جَعَلَ لِسَانِهِ عَلَيْهِ مُبْرِدًا (tropical:) [ He made his tongue like a file upon him; i. e.] he annoyed him, or hurt him, with his tongue, and vituperated him. (A.) [See a saying of Moosà Ibn-Jábir voce جِنٌّ.]

مَبْرَدَةٌ مبرد مبرده مبردة [ A cause of coldness or coolness ]. You say, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ مَبْرَدَةٌ لِلْبَدَنِ [ This thing is a cause of coldness, or coolness, to the body ]: and As relates that he said to an Arab of the desert, “What induceth thee to take a sleep in the morning while the sun is yet low?” and he answered, اـِنَّهَا مَبْرَدَةٌ فِى الصَّيْفِ مَسْخَنَةٌ فِى الشِّتَاآءِ [ Verily it is a cause of coolness in the summer, and a cause of warmth in the winter ]. (S, A.)

مُبَرَّدٌ مبرد : see what follows.

مَبْرُودٌ مبرود Made, or rendered, cold or chill or cool: (S, Msb, K:) [and ↓ مُبَرَّدٌ signifies the same in an intensive manner:] applied to water [&c.: or signifying mixed with snow: see بَرَدَهُ]. (K.) ― -b2- شَجَرَةٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ A tree deprived of its leaves by the cold. (AHn, M.) ― -b3- أَرْضٌ مَبْرُودَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ مُبْرَدَةٌ (K) Land, or ground, hailed upon: (M, K:) or snowed upon. (A, TA.) ― -b4- See also بَرُودٌ.

بَرْدَعَةٌ بردعه بردعة ردع : see بَرْذَعَةٌ.

بَرْذَعٌ ذ : see what next follows.

بَرْذَعَةٌ ذ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and بَرْدَعَةٌ (Msb, K) A [ cloth of the kind called ] حِلْس which is put beneath the [ saddle called ] رَحْل (S, Mgh, Msb, K) of the camel: (Mgh:) pl. بَرَاذِعُ (Mgh, Msb) and بَرَادِعُ (Msb.) Ru-beh says, [using the sing. without the ة as a coll. gen. n.,] ↓ وَ تَحْتَ أَحْنَاآءِ الرِّحَالِ البَرْذَعُ [ And beneath the curved pieces of wood of the camels' saddles are the bardha'ahs ]. (TA.) ― -b2- This is the primary signification: but in the conventional language of our time, it is applied to An ass's saddle; the thing upon which one rides on an ass, like the سَرْج to the horse; (Msb;) [i. e. a pad, or stuffed saddle; generally stuffed with straw; and used for a mule as well as for an ass; ] or an ass's برذعة is a saddle like the رَحْل and قَتَب. (TA voce اـِكَافٌ, q. v.) -A2- بَرْذَعَةٌ also signifies Land which is neither hard nor soft: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.)

بَرَاذِعِىٌّ ذ A maker of بَرَاذِعُ, pl. of بَرْذَعَةٌ: a rel. n. similar to أَنْمَاطِىٌّ. (TA.)

Q. 1 بَرْذَنَ ذ , (M, K,) inf. n. بَرْذَنَةٌ, (T,) He (a horse) went in the manner of the بِرْذَوْن, q. v. (T, M, K.) ― -b2- He (a man) was, or became, heavy, or sluggish: whence IDrd thinks بِرْذَوْنٌ to be derived: (M, Msb:*) but this opinion is of no account. (M.) ― -b3- He was unable to reply, (T, K,) when asked respecting a thing. (T.) ― -b4- He subdued, overpowered, or overcame: (K: [expl. by قَهَرَ and غَلَبَ; but I think that the right reading may be قُهِرَ and غُلِبَ, meaning he was, or became, subdued, &c.:]) said of a man. (TA.)

بِرْذَوْنٌ ذ [ A horse of mean breed, or of coarse make; a jade: but commonly applied to a hack, or hackney; a horse for ordinary use, and for journeying :] a دَابَّة, (S, K,) not in an absolute sense, but of a particular sort, namely, (MF,) a horse that is not of Arabian breed: (T, MF:) or a heavy, or sluggish, دابّة: (so in a copy of the S:) or a coarse horse: (Towsheeh, TA:) or a horse of coarse make, hardy so as to endure travel upon the mountain-roads and rugged ground, not of Arabian breed, mostly brought from Er-Room [meaning Asia Minor or Greece ]: (TA, from the Expos. of the 'Irákeeyeh of Es-Sakháwee:) or a horse of large and coarse make, with thick limbs; whereas those of Arabian breed are light of flesh, lank in the belly, and more slender in the limbs: (El-Bájee, TA:) or a Turkish horse; opposed to Arabian: (Mgh, Msb:) or a pacinghorse; syn. رَهَوَانٌ: (TA voce هِمْلَاجٌ:) fem. with ة; (Ks, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) sometimes; but without ة it is applied to the female as well as the male: (IAmb, Msb:) pl. بَرَاذِينٌ (T, S, Mgh, K.)

مُبَرْذِنٌ ذ An owner of a بِرْذَوْن: (K:) or a rider thereon. (TA.)