Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

8 اـِصْتَوَمَ see 1, first sentence.

صَوْمٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) ― -b2- [Hence,] الصَّوْمُ [app. for وَقْتُ الصَّوْمِ] means also (tropical:) [ The month of ] Ramadán: (K, TA:) whence the saying of Aboo-Zeyd, أَقَمْتُ بِالبَصْرَةِ صَوْمَيْنِ, meaning [ I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in El-Basrah ] two Ramadáns. (TA.) ― -b3- And [in like manner] صَوْمٌ also means (assumed tropical:) A Christian church; syn. بِيعَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) as though for مَحَلُّ الصَّوْمِ i. e. الوَقْفِ [ the place of station: for, as Hooker says, speaking of the ancient usage of the Church, “ their manner was to stand at prayer, whereupon their meetings unto that purpose had the names of stations given them ”]. (TA.) -A2- See also صَائِمٌ. -A3- Also (assumed tropical:) The dung of the ostrich. (S, M, K.) -A4- And, in the dial. of Hudheyl, (S,) Certain trees, (S, M,) or a certain tree, (K,) [but] the n. un. is with ة, of the form of the figure of a human being, (M,) ugly in appearance, (M, K,) very much so, the fruits of which are called رُؤُوسُ الشَّيَاطِينِ, i. e. [ the heads ] of the serpents, [see شَيْطَانٌ and زَقُّومٌ,] not having leaves: AHn says that they have [ what are termed ] هَدَب [q. v.], their branches do not spread forth, they grow in the manner of the [ species of tamarisk called ] أَثْل, but are not so tall, and mostly grow in the districts of Benoo-Shebábeh. (M.)

صَامَةٌ ذ , for صَوْمَةٌ, inf. n. of un. of صَامَ: see a verse cited voce تَابَ, in art. توب.

صَوْمَانُ ذ : see صَائِمٌ.

أَرْضٌ صَوَامٌ ذ Dry land or ground, in which is no water. (K.)

صَوَّامٌ ذ is like صَائِمٌ but having an intensive signification [i. e. meaning Abstaining, &c., much or often ]. (Msb.) One says رَجُلٌ صَوَّامٌ قَوَّامٌ, meaning A man who fasts (يَصُومُ) [ often ] in the day, and who rises [ often ] in the night [ to pray ]. (TA.)

صَائِمٌ ذ Abstaining, in an absolute sense: this is said to be the signification in the proper language of the Arabs: and in the language of the law, observing a particular kind of abstinence; (Msb;) [i. e.] abstaining from food (S, M, K) and drink and coïtus: and, [by a tropical application, (see 1, first sentence,)] (tropical:) from speech: (M, K:) it is applied to a man: (S, M, Msb:) and ↓ صَوْمَانُ signifies the same, (S, K,) so applied; (S;) as also ↓ صَوْمٌ, (M, K,) applied to a man, (M,) and to a woman, and to two men, (TA,) and to a pl. number; (M, K;) being an inf. n. used as an epithet; (TA;) or it is a pl., [or rather quasi-pl. n.,] like زَوْرٌ: (M voce ضَيْفٌ:) or, in the proper language of the Arabs, صَائِمٌ signifies abstaining from eating: and by a secondary application, serving God in a particular manner [ by fasting: see again 1, first sentence]: (Mgh:) accord. to AO, it signifies any creature abstaining from food, or (assumed tropical:) from speech, or (assumed tropical:) from going along or journeying: (S, Msb:) pl. صِيَامٌ and صُوَّمٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and صُيَّمٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صِيَّمٌ and صُوَّامٌ and صُيَّامٌ and صَيَامَى, (M, K,) the last of which [written in the CK صُيَامَى] is extr. (M.) ― -b2- Applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) Standing still (S, (M, Msb) without eating of fodder (S, Msb) or without eating anything: (M:) or abstaining from the eating of fodder: (Mgh:) or standing upon his four legs. (Az in art. صون, and TA.) ― -b3- And بَكْرَةٌ صَائِمَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A sheave of a pulley that remains still, (Mgh, TA,) that will not revolve. (S, Mgh, TA.) ― -b4- And مَاآءٌ صَائِمٌ (assumed tropical:) Water that is still, or motionless; syn. قَائِمٌ and دَائِمٌ. (Mgh, TA.)

مَصَامٌ ذ (tropical:) The station, or standing-place, of a horse; as also ↓ مَصَامَةٌ. (S, K, TA.) ― -b2- And مَصَامُ النَّجْمِ (assumed tropical:) The [ imaginary ] place of suspension of the asterism [meaning the Pleiades ]. (M.) Imra-el-Keys says, كَأَنَّ الثُّرَيَّا عُلّقَتْ فِى مَصَامِهَا بِأَمْرَاسِ كَتَّانٍ اـِلَى صُمِّ جَنْدَلِ [ As though the Pleiades were hung, in their place of suspension, by means of ropes of flax, to hard and solid rocks: i. e. they seemed as though they were stationary: he means that the night was tedious to him]. (S. [See EM p. 36, where a reading of the former hemistich different from that above is given, with the same and another reading of the latter hemistich.]) ― -b3- One says also, جِئْتُهُ وَالشَّمْسُ فِى مَصَامِهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [ I came to him when the sun was ] in the middle of the sky. (TA.)

مَصَامَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

1 صَانَهُ ذ , (M, K,) first pers. صُنْتُهُ, (S, Msb,) aor. يَصُونُهُ, (TA,) inf. n. صَوْنٌ and صِيَانٌ and صِيَانَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He preserved it, kept it, laid it up, took care of it, or reserved it, (Msb, K,) in its repository; (Msb;) and ↓ اضطانهُ signifies the same: (M, K:) but one should not say اصانهُ, as the vulgar say. (TA.) ― -b2- And [hence] one says, (M, Msb,) by way of comparison, (M,) صان عِرْضهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. صِيَانَةٌ and صَوْنٌ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) [ He preserved his honour, or reputation ], عَنِ الدَّنَسِ [ from pollution ]. (Msb. [See also 6.]) And فُلَانٌ يَصُونُ دِيبَاجَتَيْهِ i. e. (tropical:) [ Such a one preserves from disgrace ] his cheeks; (A in art. دبج;) or دِيبَاجَتَهُ his face. (Har p. 15.) ― -b3- And صان الفَرَسُ عَدْوَهُ (M, TA) and جَرْيَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. صَوْنٌ, (tropical:) The horse reserved somewhat of his running for the time of need. (M, TA.) And فَرَسٌ لَهُ صَوْنٌ وَبَذْلٌ; and ذُو صَوْنٍ وَا@بْتِذَالٍ: see 1 in art. بذل. ― -b4- And صان الفَرَسُ, aor. يَصُونُ, inf. n. صَوْنٌ, means صَفَّ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. the same as صَفَّ رِجْلَيْهِ He set his hind legs evenly, side by side ]: (M:) or he stood upon the extremity of his hoof, (S, M, K,) by reason of [ attenuation, or abrasion, such as is termed ] وَجًى or حَفًا. (S, K.) ― -b5- And صان, inf. n. صَوْنٌ, He (a horse) limped, or halted, much; (M;) or, as expl. by IB, slightly. (TA.) يَصُنَّ المَشْىَ occurs in a verse (S, M, TA) of En-Nábighah, (M, TA,) [referring to horses,] and J says that As knew it not, but that others expl. it as meaning Reserving somewhat of the rate of going, (TA,) or as meaning suffering pain in the hoofs from attenuation, or abrasion: (S:) accord. to IB, it means limping, or halting, and suffering pain in the hoofs, from fatigue. (TA.)

5 تَصَوَّنَ see the next paragraph.

6 تَصَاوُنٌ ذ is the contr. of اِبْتِذَالٌ, (Msb,) or of تَبَذُّلٌ: (S and Msb in art. بذل:) one says, of a man, تَصَاوَنَ and ↓ تَصَوَّنَ, the latter on the authority of IJ, (M, TA,) and mentioned also by Z, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He preserved himself, or his honour, or reputation, (M, TA,) مِنَ المَعَايِبِ [ from the things, or actions, for which he should be blamed ], (TA. [See also 1, second sentence.])

8 اـِصْتَوَنَ see 1, first sentence.

صَوْنٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) See also صِينَةٌ, below. ― -b2- And see مَصُونٌ.

صَوْنَةٌ ذ [ A receptacle for perfumes &c., such as is commonly called ] an عَتِيدَة. (IAar, K.)

صِينَةٌ ذ [originally صَوْنَةٌ] i. q. ↓ صَوْنٌ: one says, هٰذِهِ ثِيَابُ الصِّينَةِ i. e. الصَّوْنِ [ These are the garments of reservation for wear on extraordinary occasions]: (M, TA:) contr. of بِذْلَةٌ. (TA.)

صِوَانٌ ذ and صُوَانٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَوَانٌ (K) and صِيَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and صُيَانٌ and صَيَانٌ, (K,) but the third and the last two are extr., (TA,) A thing, (M, Msb, K,) or receptacle, (S,) [or chest or the like, ] used as a repository (S, M, Msb, K) for a garment, (S, K,) as also ↓ مَصَانٌ, (Skr, cited by Reiske in Abulf. Ann. ii. 614,) [or for clothes,] or for a thing: (M, Msb:) pl. أصْونَةٌ: (MA:) or ↓ مَصَانٌ signifies any place in which one reposits a garment. (TA in art. ضرس.)

صَوَانِىُّ ذ pl. of صِينِىٌّ. (KL.) See art. صين.

صَوَّانٌ ذ [ Flint-stone; and flint-stones: thus in the present day:] a sort of stones, (S, Msb,) in which is hardness; (Msb;) hard stones, (M, K,) of a certain sort, (K,) with which fire is struck: or, as some say, certain black stones which are not hard: (M:) or a sort of hard stones, which, when fire smites it, crackles (يُفَقِّعُ) and cracks, and sometimes fire is struck with it, but it is not fit for [ making ] time, nor for heating for the purpose of roasting thereon: (Az, TA:) one thereof is called ↓ صَوَّانَةٌ. (S, M, Msb, K.)

الصَّوَّانَةُ ذ The دُبُر [meaning anus ]: (K, TA:) so called because it keeps [from escape] much, or often, what would issue from it. (TA.) -A2- See also صَوَّانٌ.

صَيِّنٌ ذ [thus app., like سَيِّدٌ and جَيِّدٌ, written in my copy of the Msb صَين] One who preserves his honour, or reputation. (Msb.)

مَصَانٌ ذ : see صِوَانٌ, in two places.

مُصَانٌ ذ : see مِصْوَانٌ.

مَصُونٌ ذ and ↓ مَصْوُونٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) like مَدُوفٌ and مَدْوُوفٌ, (S and Msb in art. دوف, q. v.,) the latter of the dial. of Temeem, (M,) Preserved, kept, laid up, taken care of, or reserved; (S, * M, * Msb, K;) applied to a garment [&c.]; (S, M;) as also ↓ صَوْنٌ, which is an inf. n. used. as an epithet: (M:) one should not say مُصَانٌ, (S, TA,) nor مُنْصَانٌ, as the vulgar say. (TA.)

مِصْوَانٌ ذ A bow-case; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مُصَانٌ. (TA.)

مَصْوُونٌ ذ : see مَصُونٌ.

1 صَوَتِ النَّخْلَةُ ذ , (Lth, Az, S, M, K,) aor. تَصْوِى, (S, K,) inf. n. صُوِىٌّ; (Lth, Az, S, M, K;) and صَوِيَت, (Az, M, K,) which is the form preferred by Az, [aor. تَصْوَى,] inf. n. صَوًى; (TA;) The palm-tree needed irrigation, and became slender: (Az, TA:) or became dry, or dried up; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ أَصْوَت, and ↓ صَوَّت: (K:) and in like manner one says of other trees: and sometimes, of animals. (M.) And صَوِىَ الضَّرْعُ The udder had no milk remaining in it. (Ham p. 661.) ― -b2- [Hence,] صَوَتِ الشَّاةُ The ewe, or she-goat, became fat, (S, TA,) in consequence of her udder's having been made to dry up. (S.) And صَوِىَ He became strong. (K.)

2 صوّى ذ , (M,) inf. n. تَصْوِيَةٌ, (K,) primarily, (M,) is used in relation to females, meaning He abstained from milking her, in order that she might become fat, (M, K,) and not be weak. (M.) You say, صَوَّيْتُ النَّاقَةَ I abstained from milking the she-camel for some days in order that the milk might collect in her udder so that she might become fat: or I made her milk to dry up, that she might become fatter. (M.) And صَوَّيْتُ الشَّاةَ, inf. n. as above, I made the udder of the ewe, or goat, to become dry, that she might become fatter: (S:) or صوّيت الغَنَمَ I made the milk of the ewes, or goats, to dry up, purposely, that they might become fatter; like as one says in relation to camels: the subst. from the verb thus used is ↓ صَوًى; and this is said to mean The leaving an animal and not milking her. (M.) Some say that تَصْوِيَةٌ is like تَصْرِيَةٌ; and hence the trad., التَّصْوِيَةُ خِلَابَةٌ [i. e. The causing the milk to collect in the udder of an animal by abstaining from milking her for some days, when one desires to sell her, is an endeavouring to deceive: but I think that the right reading in this instance is probably التَّصْرِيَةُ, with ر]. (TA.) ― -b2- It is also used in relation to a stallion (S, M, K) of the camels: (S:) thus it is used by El-Fak'asee. (M.) One says, صَوَّيْتُ الفَحْلَ, (M,) inf. n. as above, (S, K,) I put no burden upon the stallion [ camel ], and did not bind him with a rope, in order that he might become more brisk in covering, and more strong; (S, * M, K; *) thus expl. by El-'Adebbes El-Kinánee: (S:) or I exempted him from work, and fed him, until his spirit returned to him, and he became fat. (M.) And صَوَّيْتُ لِاـِبِلِى فَحْلًا I chose for my camels a stallion, and fed and nourished him for the office of the stallion. (S.) -A2- See also 1. -A3- [And see art. صو.]

4 أَصْوَىَ see 1. ― -b2- One says also اصوى القَوْمُ, meaning The people's cattle became lean, or emaciated; like اضوى القوم. (IKtt, TA.) -A2- [See also art. صو.]

صَوًى ذ a subst. from 2, q. v. (M.)

صَوٍ ذ : see its fem., صَوِيَةٌ, voce صَاوٍ. ― -b2- [Also, app., Empty سُنْبُل (or ears of corn): accord. to the TA (on the authority of Az): the word in this sense, and thus applied, is there written with the article, الصوى, without any syll. sign.]

صَوِيَّةٌ ذ : see the following paragraph.

صَاوٍ ذ Dry, (S, K, TA,) by reason of thirst, or want of irrigation, or by reason of leanness, or emaciation. (TA.) You say نَخْلَةٌ صَاوِيَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ صَوِيَةٌ, (M, TA,) [agreeably with rule, as part. n. of صَوِيَت,] or ↓ صَوِيَّةٌ, (so in copies of the K, [app. a mistranscription,]) A dry, or driedup, palm-tree: (M, K:) and in like manner one terms other trees: and sometimes, animals: thus the poet Sá'ideh applies the epithet صاوية to wild cows or wild oxen (بَقَر وَحْش). (M.) ― -b2- And Strong. (TA.)

1 صَابَ ذ aor. يَصِيبُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَيْبٌ, (S, Msb, K,) said of an arrow, (S, M, Msb,) i. q. أَصَابَ [expl. in art. صوب]; (S, * M, Msb, K;) like صاب having for its aor. يَصُوبُ. (S, M, Msb.)

صَيْبَانٌ ذ : see صَوْبٌ, in art. صوب.

صُيَابٌ ذ : see صُيَّابَةٌ.

صَيُوبٌ ذ An arrow going right, or hitting the mark: pl. صُيُبٌ (M, K) and صِيَابٌ, (MF, TA,) or the latter is pl. of صَائِبٌ, which signifies the same. (M, in art. صوب.)

صُيَابَةٌ ذ : see صُيَّابَةٌ.

صَيِّبٌ ذ : see art. صوب.

صُيَّابٌ ذ : see صُيَّابَةٌ, in four places.

صَيُّوبٌ ذ : see art. صوب.

صُبَّابَةٌ ذ and ↓ صُيَّابٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ صُبَابَةٌ and ↓ صُيَابٌ (A, K) The أَصْل (M, A, K) [as meaning the original stock ] of a people, (M,) or [as meaning the original, or the principal, or most essential, part, ] of a thing: (A, K:) and the purest, or choice, or best, part or portion, (M, * A, K,) of a thing (M, K) of any kind, (M,) or of a people. (A.) One says, هُوَ فِى صُيَّابَةِ قَوْمِهِ and ↓ صُيَّابِهِمْ He is of the أَصْل [or original stock ] of his people: (Fr, TA:) and مِنْ صُيَّابَةِ قَوْمِهِ and صُوَّابَةِ قومه (TA) and ↓ مِنْ صُيَّابِهِمْ (A) of the purest in race of his people. (A, * TA.) And ↓ قَوْمٌ صُيَّابٌ A choice, or an excellent, people. (TA.) ― -b2- Also the first, The collective body of a people; (Kr, M;) and so صُوَّابَةٌ. (M in art. صوب.) ― -b3- And A lord, master, or chief. (M, K.)

صِيتٌ ذ and صِيتَةٌ: and صَيِّتٌ: see art. صوت.

1 صَاحَ ذ , (S, A, O, Msb, &c.,) aor. يَصِيحُ, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. صِيَاحٌ and صَيْحَةٌ (S, A, * O, Msb, K *) and صَيْحٌ and صُيَاحٌ and صَيَحَانٌ, (S, O, K, *) He raised his voice, voiced, called or called out, cried or cried out: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) or did so vehemently, cried aloud, uttered a loud cry or crying, shouted, exclaimed, or vociferated: (T, S, * A, * O, * Msb, * TA:) or did so with his utmost force or power; (K, TA;) as also ↓ صيّح: (A, * TA:) it is said of a man, and of other things: (TA:) or of anything: (T, TA:) originally, of an animal, and often of a bird of the crow-kind, but rarely of a bird unrestrictedly, and sometimes of a spear as being likened to an animal. (Ham p. 187.) One says, صَاحَ صَيْحَةً شَدِيدَةً [ He called, or cried, &c., with a vehement calling or crying &c., or with a vehement call or cry &c.]. (A.) And صاج بِهِ He called or cried, or called out or cried out, to it [or to him ]. (Msb.) And صِحْ لِى بِفُلَانٍ Call thou to me such a one. (A, TA.) And بِهِ ↓ صَايَحَ and صَايَحَهُ, (A, TA,) and ↓ صَيَّحَ بِهِ and صَيَّحَهُ, (A,) He called, hailed, or summoned, him; called out, cried out, or shouted, to him. (A, TA.) ― -b2- And صِيحَ بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They were frightened, or terrified. (K.) And صِيحَ فِيهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They perished. (K.) ― -b3- One says also, لَقِيتُهُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ صَيْحٍ وَنَفْرٍ I met him before every calling, or crying, and dispersing; meaning (assumed tropical:) I met him before daybreak: (S, TA:) so in the Proverbs of Meyd. (TA.) Or أَتَيْتُهُ قَبْلَ صَيْحٍ وَنَفْرٍ (tropical:) I came to him before everything. (A.) And غَضِبَ مِنْ غَيْرِ صَيْحٍ وَلَا نَفْرٍ (tropical:) He was angry for neither little nor much: (ISk, S, K:) or for nothing. (A.) ― -b4- And صَاحَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ, (A, Msb,) or النَّخْلَةُ, (K,) (tropical:) The tree, (A, Msb,) or the palm-tree, (K,) became tall. (A, Msb, K.) And صاح العُنْقُودُ (tropical:) The raceme came forth completely from its envelope, and became long, and in a fresh and tender state. (K.) And صاح الكَافُورُ (tropical:) [app. meaning The spathe of the palm-tree put forth its spadix, or its raceme, to its full length ]. (A.)

2 صَيَّحَ see 1, in two places. -A2- صيّحت البَقْلَ said of the sun, (S, K,) and of the wind, (S,) i. q. صَوَّحَتْهُ [q. v.]. (S, K.) ― -b2- And صَيَّحْتُ الشَّىْءَ I broke and split the thing much. (TA in art. صوح.)

3 مُصَايَحَةٌ ذ and ↓ تَصَايُحٌ signify The calling or crying, or calling out or crying out, &c., of people, one to another. (S, K.) One says, صايح القَوْمُ (TK) and ↓ تصايحوا The people, or party, called or cried, &c., one to another. (A, TK.) ― -b2- See also 1.

5 تصيّح البَقْلُ ذ i. q. تصوّح [q. v.]. (S, K.) ― -b2- And تصيّح الشَّعَرُ i. q. تصوّح [q. v.]. (K in art. صوح.) ― -b3- And تصيّح الشَّىْءُ The thing became much broken and cloven or split or slit. (TA in this art. and art. صوح.) See also 7.

6 تَصَاْيَحَ see 3, in two places. ― -b2- تصايح said of the scabbard, or sheath, of a sword (A, K, TA) (tropical:) It became much split or slit: (K, TA:) it is like the phrase تَدَاعَى البُنْيَانُ [q. v.]. (A, TA.)

7 انصاح ذ said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It became slit, or rent, or much slit or rent. (A, Msb. [See also 7 in art. صوح.]) And انصاحت العَصَا The staff became much split or cracked; as also ↓ تصيّحت. (A.) ― -b2- [Hence,] انصاح is also said of the dawn and of lightning (tropical:) [meaning It showed its light: originally, became cleft: as expl. in art. صوح]. (A.)

صَيْحَةٌ ذ an inf. n. [and also an inf. n. un.] of صَاحَ. (S, Msb, &c.) [Hence,] one says, مَا يَنْتَظِرُونَ اـِلَّا مِثْلَ صَيْحَةِ الحُبْلَى [ They expect not, or wait not for, aught but the like of the cryingout, or cry, of the pregnant woman ]; meaning, evil, or mischief, that shall come upon them suddenly. (TA.) ― -b2- Hence also (S) Punishment, castigation, or chastisement. (S, A, K.) ― -b3- And A hostile, or predatory, incursion, by which the tribe are surprised. (TA.)