Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

صِيَاغَةٌ ذ The craft, or art, (K, TA,) or work, or operation, (S, O, Msb, * TA,) of the صَائِغ [q. v.]; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) [generally meaning the craft or art, or the work or operation, of the goldsmith; ] the act of melting [gold &c.], and pouring [it] forth into a mould; [&c.; (see 1, first sentence;)] as also ↓ صِيغَةٌ and ↓ صَيْغُوغَةٌ, this last mentioned by Lh. (TA.)

صَوَّاغٌ ذ : see the next paragraph, in five places.

صَائِغٌ ذ and ↓ صَوَّاغٌ (S, MA, O, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ صَيَّاغٌ, (S, O, K, KL,) the last of the dial. of El- Hijáz, (S, O,) originally صَيْوَاغٌ, (IJ, O, TA,) thus altered by some, from صَيْوَاغٌ to صَيَّاغٌ, because of their disliking the double و, (IJ, TA,) One who practises, or performs, the craft, art, work, or operation, termed صِيَاغَة [or melting gold &c., and pouring it forth into a mould; &c.; as expl. in the first sentence of this art.]; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) [generally meaning] a goldsmith, or worker in gold: (MA, KL:) the pl. of صَائِغٌ is صَاغَةٌ [originally صَوَغَةٌ] and صُوَّاغٌ and صُيَّاغٌ. (TA.) One says, الحُلِىِّ ↓ هُوَ صَوَّاغُ [and صَائِغُهَا i. e. He is the moulder of ornaments, or of women's ornaments, of gold or of silver &c.]. (TA.) [And hence مِلْحُ الصَّاغَةِ lit. Goldsmiths' salt; meaning chrysocolla, i. e. borax: thus termed in the language of the present day.] Aboo-Ráfi' the صَائِغ is related to have said, كَانَ عُمَرُ يُمَازِحُنِى يَقُولُ يَقُولُ اليَوْمَ وَغَدًا ↓ أَكْذَبُ النَّاسِ الصَّوَّاغُ [ ' Omar used to jest with me, saying, The most lying of men is the goldsmith, who says, To-day, and Tomorrow ]. (TA.) And ↓ كَذِبَةٌ كَذَبَهَا الصَّوَّاغُونَ [lit. A lie which the goldsmiths have told ] is a saying (of Aboo-Hureyreh, O) occurring in a trad. (S, O.) ― -b2- [Hence,] the pl. صُوَّاغٌ means (tropical:) Persons who alter speech, [ embellish it with lies, ] and falsify it, or forge it: and ↓ صَوَّاغٌ, (tropical:) one who moulds speech, and falsifies it, or embellishes it with lies: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ صَيِّغٌ, (O, K, TA,) originally صَيْوِغٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) one who lies much, and embellishes his speech [ with lies ]: (K, O, TA:) the pl. of this last is صَاغَةٌ, like سَادَةٌ pl. of سَيِّدٌ. (TA.) [See also صَبَّاغٌ.]

صَيِّغٌ ذ , originally صَيْوِغٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, last explanation.

صَيِّغَةٌ ذ i. q. ثَرِيدَةٌ [ A mess of crumbled bread moistened with broth and piled up in the middle of a bowl ]. (Fr, O, K.)

صَيَّاغٌ ذ , originally صَيْوَاغٌ: see صَائِغٌ.

أَصْيَغُ ذ [as though originally أَصْوَغُ, being mentioned in this art.,] Water such as is common (عَامّ [app. meaning to all who desire to take of it ]), and much in quantity. (IAar, TA,)

مَصَاغٌ ذ , [as a coll. gen. n.,] with fet-h, Moulded ornaments or women's ornaments, of gold or the like; syn. حُلِىٌّ مَصُوغَةٌ. (TA.)

مُصَاغٌ ذ : see صَوْغٌ, second sentence.

مَصُوغٌ ذ : see صَوْغٌ, second sentence.

1 صَافَ ذ , (S, O, K,) aor. يَصُوفُ, (S, O,) inf. n. صَوْفٌ and صُؤُوفٌ; and صَوِفَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. صَوَفٌ; (S;) He (a ram) had much صُوف [or wool ], (S, O, K,) after having little thereof. (S, O.) -A2- صاف السَّهْمُ عَنِ الهَدَفِ, aor. يَصُوفُ and يَصِيفُ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَوْفٌ and صَيْفٌ and صَيْفُوفَةٌ, (O and K in art. صيف,) The arrow turned aside from the butt: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) like ضاف. (S and O in art. ضيف.) And صاف عَنِّى وَجْهُهُ His face turned away from me. (K.) And صاف عَنِّى شَرُّهُ, (S, M, O,) aor. يَصُوفُ, inf. n. صَوْفٌ, (M,) His (a man's, S, O) evil, or mischief, turned away from me. (S, * M, O. *)

2 صوّف الكَرْمُ ذ The grape-vine showed its fruitstalks [ anew ] after the cutting off of its fruit- (M,)

4 اصاف ا@للّٰهُ عَنِّى شَرَّهُ ذ God turned away, or may God turn away, from me his evil, or mischief. (S, K.) [Mentioned also in art. صيف.]

5 تصّوف ذ He became a صُوفِىّ: (Msb:) he devoted himself to religious exercises; or applied himself to devotion: or he asserted himself to do so: (TA:) but it is post-classical. (Msb.)

صَافٌ ذ (S, M, O, K) and ↓ صَائِفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صَافٍ, (M, O, K,) which last is formed by transposition [from the second], (M,) and ↓ صَوِفٌ (M, O, K) and ↓ أَصْوَفُ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صُوفَانٌ (AHeyth, TA) and ↓ صُوفِانِىٌّ, (M, O, K,) A ram having much صُوف [or wool ]: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) fem. with ة, (K, [in which it seems to refer only to the last, i. e.]) the fem. epithet is ↓ صُوفَانِيَّةٌ, (O,) or ↓ صُوفَانَةٌ, (AHeyth, and so in a copy of the M,) and صَافَةٌ also. (M.) ― -b2- And لِمَّةٌ صَافَةٌ [ A lock of hair hanging down below the lobe of the ear ] of which the hair is like صُوف [i. e. wool ]. (M.) -A2- See also صُوفٌ. -A3- And see art. صيف.

صَافٍ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

صُوفٌ ذ [ Wool; ] an appertenance of sheep, (in the S لِلشَّاةِ, in the M لِلْغَنَمِ, and in the O and Msb [more definitely] لِلضَّأْنِ,) which is to them like شَعَرٌ to goats and وَبَرٌ to camels: (M:) [in the K only said to be well know:] n. un. صُوفَةٌ, (M,) [i. e.] this latter has a more particular signification [meaning a portion, flock, tuft, or wisp, of wool ]: (S, O, Msb, K:) and sometimes صُوفٌ is used in the sense of the n. un., as mentioned by Sb: (M:) the pl. of صُوفٌ is أَصْوَافٌ [meaning sorts of wool ]: (M:) and the dim. of the n. un. is ↓ صُوَيْفَةٌ. (TA.) One says خَرْقَاآءُ وَجَدَتْ صُوفًا [ An unskilful woman that has found wool ]: (As, O, K:) a prov. (As, O) relating to property possessed by such as does not deserve to have it: (As, TA:) because the unskilful woman, when she lights upon wool, mars it, (O, K,) not spinning it well: (O:) applied to the stupid person who finds property and wastes it; (O, K;) or to him who finds that of which he knows not the value, and wastes it. (Z, TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ يَلْبَسُ الصُّوفَ وَالقُطْنَ, meaning Such a one wears what is made of wool and of cotton. (A, TA.) In the saying of a poet, حَلْبَانَةٍ رَكْبَانَةٍ صَفُوفِ تَخْلِطُ بَيْنَ وَبَرٍ وَصُوفِ [ Of one that is milked and ridden, that yields a row of bowls of her milk, (but see صَفُوفٌ, of which other explanations have been given,) that mingles camels' fur and wool ], the latter hemistich means, as Th says, accord. to IAar, that is sold, and with the price whereof are purchased camels and sheep: or, accord. to As, that is quick in her pace; the drawing back of her fore legs being likened to [the motion of] the bow of the نَدَّاف who mixes camels' fur and wool. (M.) One says also, أَخَذْتُ بِصُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ (S, M, K, but in the M أَخَذَ,) and بِصُوفَتِهَا (M, O) and ↓ بِصَافِهَا, (M, K,) and بِطُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and بِطَافِهَا, and بِظُوفِ زَقَبَتِهِ and بِظَافِهَا, and بِقُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ and بِقَافِهَا, (S, O,) meaning (tropical:) [ I laid hold upon ] the pendent hair in the hollow of the back of his neck: (IDrd, S, M, O, K:) or the downy hairs upon the back of his neck: (M, O:) or the skin of his neck: (IAar, S, O, K:) or the back of his neck, altogether: (Fr, S, O, K:) or I took him by force: (Abu-l-Ghowth, S, O, K:) or I followed him, thinking that I should not reach him, and overtook him; and this one says whether he lay hold upon his neck or not. (Abu-s-Semeyda', S, O, K.) And أَعْطَاهُ بِصُوفِ رَقَبَتِهِ (tropical:) [ He gave it altogether ]; like أَعْطَاهُ بِرُمَّتِهِ: or (as expl. by A' Obeyd, S, O) he gave it gratuitously; not taking a price. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- صُوفُ البَحْرِ [lit. The wool of the sea ] is a thing [or substance ] in the form of the animal صُوف [i. e., of wool; evidently meaning sea-weed resembling wool; such as is found in abundance thrown up on the beaches of the Red Sea: and that this is generally, if not in every instance, meant by the identical Hebrew word סוּף , as used in the Bible, has been most satisfactorily shown in art. “ Red Sea ” (by my deeply-lamented nephew Edward Stanley Poole) in Dr. William Smith's “ Dictionary of the Bible ”]: it is said in one of the أَبَدِيَّات, [see art. ابد,] لَا اآتِيكَ مَا بَلَّ بَحْرٌ صُوفَةً [ I will not come to thee as long as a sea wets a portion of صُوف], or, as Lh relates it, مَا بَلَّ البَحْرُ صُوفَهُ [ as long as the sea wets its صُوف; meaning, ever ]. (M, TA.)

صَوِفٌ ذ : see صَافٌ.

صُوفَةٌ ذ n. un. of صُوفٌ [q. v.]. (M &c.) ― -b2- [Also applied by physicians to A pessary, or suppository, of wool, containing a medicament of some kind, to be inserted into the vagina or rectum. ] -A2- Also Any of those who had the management of aught of the work of the بَيْت [meaning the House of God, i. e. the Kaabeh ], and who were called ↓ الصُّوفَانُ: (M:) [accord. to the TA, it is said that الصُّوفَانُ and الصُّوفَةُ are both alike appel-lations applied to any of such persons:] J and others say that صُوفَةٌ was the father of a tribe of Mudar, who used to serve the Kaabeh, and to return with the pilgrims from ' Arafát, in the Time of Ignorance; and it is implied in the S [that they were also called اآلُ صُوفَانَ, or] that صُوفَة was also called صُوفَان; and in a saying of Z, that الصُّوفَان and اآلُ صُوفَان were appellations of one and the same people: [hence, app., the applications of صُوفَةٌ and صُوفَانٌ to any servants of the Kaabeh:] but accord. to Sgh and the K, اآلُ صُوفَانَ is a mistake for اآلُ صَفْوَانَ. (TA.)

صُوفَانٌ ذ , and its fem., with ة: see صَافٌ: -A2- and for the former see also صُوفَةٌ. -A3- Also [ A species of agaric, i. e., of the kind of fungus thus called; ] a certain thing [or substance ] that comes forth from the heart of trees, flaccid and dry, in which fire is struck, and which is the best of things for the purpose of those who strike fire. (TA.)

صُوفَانَةٌ ذ , applied to a ewe, is fem. of صُوفَانٌ: see صَافٌ. (AHeyth, TA.) ― -b2- Also A certain herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) downy, (M, K,) and short, (K,) mentioned by Aboo-Nasr as of the kind termed أَحْرَار [pl. of حُرٌّ], but not specifically described by him. (AHn, M.)

صُوفِىٌّ ذ , a post-classical word, A man of the people called the صُوفِيَّة: (Msb:) [formerly applied to any devotee: afterwards, particularly, to a mystic; one who seeks to raise himself to a high degree of spiritual excellence by contemplation of divine things so as to elicit the mysteries thereof: ] the صُوفِيَّة may be so called [from the Greek σοφο͂σ : or] in relation to the people called اآلُ صُوفَان, [see صُوفَةٌ,] as resembling them in the devotion of themselves to religious exercises: or in relation to those called أَهْلُ الصُّفَّةِ, wherefore they are also called الصُّفِّيَّةُ: or in relation to الصُّوف [i. e. wool], which is proper to devotees and recluses: this last is the derivation commonly received. (TA.)

صُوفَانِىٌّ ذ ; and its fem., with ة: see صَافٌ.

صُوَيْفَةٌ ذ dim. of صُوفَةٌ, n. un. of صُوفٌ, q. v. (TA.)

صَوَّافٌ ذ A manufacturer of صُوف [or wool, or of woollen garments &c.]. (TA.)

صَائِفٌ ذ : see صَافٌ.

صَيِّفَةٌ ذ , originally صَيْوِفَةٌ, A [garment of the kind called] جُبَّة having much صُوف [or wool ]. (TA.)

أَصْوَفُ ذ : see صَافٌ.

1 صَاكَ بِهِ ذ , (O, K,) aor. يَصُوكُ, (O,) inf. n. صَوْكٌ, (K,) It stuck, or clave, to him, or it: (O, K;) said of saffron, (K,) and of blood, and of other things: (TA:) and (O, K) so صاك به, aor. يَصِيكُ, (S, O, K, in art. صيك,) inf. n. صَيْكٌ; (K;) said of perfume. (S, O, K.) See also صَئِكَ.

5 تصوّك فِى رَجِيعِهِ ذ , (As, O, K,) or, accord. to AZ, تضوّك, with ض, (O,) or both, (Lh, TA in art. صف,) [and تصوق,] He (a man, O) became defiled, or befouled, with [or in ] his dung. (O, K.)

صَوْكٌ ذ The seminal fluid of a man. (Th, Kr, K.) -A2- Also The first. (K.) One says, لَقِيتُهُ أَوَّلَ صَوْكٍ and بُوْكٍ I met him the first thing. (S, O, K.) And in like manner, اِفْعَلْهُ أَوَّلَ كُلِّ صَوْكٍ and بَوْكٍ [ Do thou it the first of everything ]. (TA.) And خُذْ هٰذَا أَوَّلَ صَوْكٍ: see 1 in art. صك. (O and TA in that art.) -A3- Also Motion: so in the phrase مَا بِهِ صَوْكٌ and بَوْكٌ [ There is not in him, or it, any motion ]. (IDrd, O, K.)

صَائِكٌ ذ Sticking, or cleaving. (AA, TA.) ― -b2- And [app. as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant] Sticking blood: or blood of the جَوْف [or belly, &c.]. (TA.) ― -b3- See also art. صأك.

1 صَالَ عَلَيْهِ ذ , [aor. يَصُولُ,] inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صَوْلَةٌ (S, O, K) and صِيَالٌ, (O,) He leaped, or sprang, upon him: (S, O, K:) and (K) صَالَ عَلَيْهِ, (M, K,) aor. يَصُولُ, (TA,) inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صِيَالٌ and صُؤُولٌ and صَوَلَانٌ and صَالٌ and مَصَالَةٌ, he sprang, or rushed, upon him; made an assault, or attack, upon him; namely, his adversary, or antagonist; syn. سَطَا; (M, K, TA;) and حَمَلَ: (TA:) [or he sprang upon him and seized him violently or laid violent hands upon him; for so سَطَا is said to signify:] and صال عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) he overbore him, overpowered him, or subdued him; (S, * O, * Msb, * TA; [a meaning also assigned to سَطَا;]) namely, one man another nam. (TA.) [See also 1 in art. صيل.] One says, رُبَّ قَوْلٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْ صَوْلٍ Many a saying is more severe than a leaping or springing [&c.]. (S, O.) And it is said in a trad. respecting prayer, بِكَ أَصُولُ, meaning [ By Thee may I ] spring, or rush, or assault, and subdue. (TA.) ― -b2- صال, aor. as above, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, is also said of a stallion [camel], meaning He leaped, or sprang: or, accord. to AZ, صال, inf. n. صَوْلٌ and صِيَالٌ, said of a camel, means he leaped, or sprang, upon the [ other ] camels, and fought them: (Msb:) or one says of a stallion, صال عَلَى الاـِبِلِ, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, meaning he fought the [ other ] camels, (M, K,) and sent them on before: (M:) or, accord. to AZ, one says of a camel, (S,) or, accord. to Es-Sarakustee, some of the Arabs say of a camel, (Msb,) صَؤُلَ, (S, Msb, [in one of my copies of the S صال, but the former is the right,]) like قَرُبَ, (Msb,) with ء, (S, Msb,) inf. n. صَألَةٌ, meaning he betook himself to the killing of men, and springing, or rushing, upon them: (S) and without ء in speaking of the act of one adversary, or antagonist, against another: (Msb:) Hamzeh El-Isbahánee says, in his “ Proverbs, ” that صال الجَمَلُ means the camel bit; but he is alone in saying this. (TA.) One says also, صال العَيْرُ, meaning The he-ass attacked the she-ass: (S, O:) or صال العَيْرُ عَلَى العَانَةِ the heass drove away the she-ass, or the herd of wild she-asses, (M, K, TA,) and attacked her or them, biting her or them with the fore teeth, and kicking her or them with the hind leg or hind legs. (TA.) -A2- صال البُرَّ, aor. as above, inf. n. صَوْلٌ, He swept away, or cleared, the wheat from the pieces of stick and of rubbish: and الحِنْطَةَ ↓ صَوَّلْنَا we swept the wheat [ well, and so cleared it from rubbish ]: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness of meaning: (O:) ↓ التَّصْوِيلُ [or تَصْوِيلُ البَيْدَرِ] means the sweeping of the بَيْدَر [or collected wheat or grain, or perhaps the place in which wheat or grain is trodden out ], (O,) or of the sides thereof (نَوَاحِى البَيْدَرِ [ to clear it of rubbish ]). (K.) -A3- صِيلَ: see art. صيل.

2 صوّل ذ , and its inf. n.: see 1, last sentence but one. ― -b2- تَصْوِيلٌ also signifies The extracting a thing by means of water: (K, TA: [in the CK, بالمالِ is erroneously put for بِالمَاآءِ:]) like the extracting a pebble from rice [by washing]. (TA.) [And app. The soaking a thing to extract the juice or bitterness &c.: see مِصْوَلٌ. See also an ex. in De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., vol. ii. p. 130 of the Ar. text; and see his remarks thereon in p. 335 of the transl. and notes.] ― -b3- [Also The mixing, and stirring about, and beating, a thing.] One says, الجَرَادُ يُصَوَّلُ فِى مِشْوَاهُ [in the CK مَشواهُ, which is a mistranscription,] The locusts are mixed, and stirred about, and beaten, in his مِشْوَى (O, K) i. e. frying-pan. (TK.)

3 مُصَاوَلَةٌ ذ and صِيَالٌ and ↓ صِيَالَةٌ [of which the first and second are inf. ns., the third being a quasi-inf. n.,] are syn. with مُوَاثَبَةٌ; (S, O, K;) صَاوَلَهُ signifying وَاثَبَهُ [i. e. He leaped, or sprang, upon him; or he assaulted, or assailed, him: or he contended with him, each leaping, or springing, upon the other, or each assaulting, or assailing, the other ]. (K.) [See also 6.]

6 الفَحْلَانِ يَتَصَاوَلَانِ ذ i. q. يَتَوَاثَبَانِ [i. e. The two stallion-camels leap, or spring, upon each other; or assault, or assail, each other ]. (S.)

صَوْلَةٌ ذ is an inf. n.: (S, O, K: [see 1, first sentence:]) or it signifies A leap, or spring: (TA:) or a single act of a camel's leaping, or springing, upon [ other ] camels, and fighting them; as also ↓ صِيَالَةٌ: (Msb:) [but more commonly, impetuosity, of a man, and of a camel or the like.] ― -b2- [Hence,] ذُو صَوْلَةٍ فِى المِزْوَدِ One who springs upon the food, and devours it immoderately. (M, TA. *) ― -b3- لَقِيتُهُ أَوَّلَ صَوْلَةٍ means أَوَّلَ وَهْلَةٍ [i. e. I met him the first thing, or the first thing that I saw ]. (A, TA.)

صُولَةٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ ذ and ↓ حِنْطَةٌ مُصَوَّلَةٌ [signify nearly the same, the former meaning A heap of wheat, and the latter wheat in general, cleared from rubbish by means of the implement called مِصْوَلَة or مِصْوَل]: (O, K: [these significations are clearly indicated in the K, and more so in the O, by the context:]) the pl. of صُولَةٌ is صُوَلٌ. (O.)

صِيلَةٌ ذ , mentioned here in the K: see art. صيل.

صَؤُولٌ ذ A camel that devours his pastor; that springs upon men, and devours them: (Lth, TA:) a camel that kills men, and springs, or rushes, upon them: (S:) or a camel that leaps, or springs, upon the [ other ] camels, and fights them: (Msb:) or a stallion that fights the [ other ] camels, (M, K,) and sends them on before. (M.) And (assumed tropical:) A man who beats others, and overbears, overpowers, or subdues, them. (TA.) Accord. to Az, it is originally without ء, and is app. pronounced with ء because the و is with damm. (TA.)

صِيَالٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (M, O, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [And also an inf. n. of 3, q. v.]

صِيَالَةٌ ذ : see 3: and see also صَوْلَةٌ.

أَصْوَلُ مِنْ جَمَلٍ ذ [ More impetuous than a camel; or more wont to spring upon others, or to assault, or assail, them, than a camel ]. (TA.)

مِصْوَلٌ ذ A thing in which colocynths are soaked in order that their bitterness may depart. (AZ, S, O, K.) ― -b2- And, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, An implement with which the ears of corn are swept away, or cleared, from the pieces of stick and of rubbish. (O. [See also what next follows.])

مِصْوَلَةٌ ذ A broom (مِكْنَسَةٌ, O, K) with which the sides of the بَيْدَر [or collected wheat or grain, or perhaps the place in which wheat or grain is trodden out, ] are swept [ to clear it of rubbish ]: (O, TA:) so says IAar. (TA. [See also what next precedes.])

حِنْطَةٌ مُصَوَّلَةٌ ذ : see صُولَةٌ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ.

صَوْلَجٌ ذ and صَوْلَجَةٌ: see what here follows.

صَوْلَجَانٌ ذ (T, S, K) and ↓ صَوْلَجَانَةٌ (Sb, TA) and ↓ صَوْلَجٌ (T, TA) and ↓ صَوْلَجَةٌ, (TA,) as also صَوَّجَانٌ, (L in art. صوج,) [ A kind of goff-stick, or golf-stick, played with by men on horseback; ] a stick with a curved, or crooked, end; syn. مِحْجَنٌ; (S, K;) [or rather] a stick of which the end is curved [ artificially ] with which a ball is struck by men on horseback: a stick of which the end curves, or crooks, naturally, on its tree, is called مِحْجَنٌ: (T, TA:) of Pers. origin, (S,) [i. e. from the Pers. JَوْGَانْ,] arabicized: (T, S:) pl. صَوَالِجَةٌ; (S, K;) the ة being added in the pl. because of the foreign origin, (S, M, TA,) as is mostly the case in broken pls. of words of foreign origin. (M, TA.)

صَوْلَجَانَةٌ ذ : see the next paragraph here preceding.

1 صَامَ ذ , (S, M, &c.,) aor. يَصُومُ, (Msb,) inf. n. صَوْمٌ, and صِيَامٌ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) and ↓ اِصْطَامَ; (M, K;) He abstained, (Msb, TA,) in an absolute sense: (Msb:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) [or] this is said to be the signification in the proper language of the Arabs: (Msb:) and in the language of the law, (Msb, TA,) he observed a particular kind of abstinence; (Msb;) i. e. (TA) he abstained from food (S, M, K, TA) and drink (M, K, TA) and coïtus: (M, K:) and (S, * M, &c.) by a tropical application, (TA,) (tropical:) from speech: (S, * M, Mgh, Msb, * K, TA:) or صَوْمٌ in the proper language of the Arabs signifies a man's abstaining from eating: and by a secondary application, a particular serving of God [ by fasting ]; (Mgh;) [i. e.] the abstaining from eating and drinking and coïtus from daybreak to sunset: (KT:) accord. to Kh, it signifies [properly] the standing without work. (S.) صام الشَّهْرَ means صام فِى الشَّهْرِ [ He fasted during the month ]: agreeably with what is said in the Kur ii. 181. (TA.) And it is said (S, M) by I'Ab (S) that the saying, in the Kur [xix. 27], (S, M,) اـِنِّى نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْمًا means (assumed tropical:) [ Verily I have vowed unto the Compassionate ] an abstaining from speech. (S, M, Msb.) One says also, صام الفَرَسُ, inf. n. صَوْمٌ (S, M) and صِيَامٌ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The horse stood without eating of fodder; (S;) or abstained from the eating of fodder. (M, A, Mgh.) And صام عَنِ السَّيْرِ (tropical:) He abstained from going along, or journeying. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] صامت الشَّمْسُ (assumed tropical:) The sun became [ apparently ] stationary [ in the mid-heaven ]: (T, TA:) or attained its full height. (M, TA.) ― -b3- And صام النَّهَارُ, (inf. n. صَوْمٌ, S,) (tropical:) The day reached its midpoint. (S, M, Mgh, K, TA.) ― -b4- And صامت الرِّيحُ, (M, TA,) inf. n. صَوْمٌ, (S, K,) (tropical:) The wind became still, or calm. (S, M, K, TA.) ― -b5- And صام المَاآءُ, [inf. n. صِيَامٌ (see صُلَاقَةٌ) and probably صَوْمٌ also,] (assumed tropical:) The water became still, or motionless; syn. قَامَ and دَامَ. (TA.) ― -b6- And صام النَّعَامُ, (M, K,) inf. n. صَوْمٌ, (M,) (tropical:) The ostrich cast forth its dung; (M, K, TA;) and in the same sense the verb is used in relation to the domestic fowl; because each stands still in doing this, or because each becomes tranquil by reason of the passing forth of that which occasions annoyance: and accord. to [some one or more of the copies of] the M, صام النَّهَارُ, inf. n. صَوْمٌ, The نهار, by which is here meant the young one of the كَرَوَان, [or rather of the bustard called حُبَارَى,] cast forth what was in its belly. (TA.) -A2- صام مَنِيَّتَهُ i. q. ذَاقَهَا [ He tasted, or experienced, his death ]. (K.) -A3- And صَامَ He (a man) shaded himself by means of the tree called صَوْم. (K.)