Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

عَطَاآءٌ ذ and ↓ عَطًا A gift, as meaning an act of giving [in an absolute sense, or] of such as is liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (K:) [as signifying the act of giving, ] عَطَاآءٌ is a subst. [i. e. a quasi-inf. n.] from أَعْطَى; (S, Msb;) and is originally عَطَاوٌ: and when they affixed to it ة, to denote unity, some said ↓ عَطَاآءَةٌ, and some said ↓ عَطَاوَةٌ: and in forming the dual, they said عَطَااآنِ and عَطَاوَانِ: (S, TA:) it is used as a quasi-inf. n. in the saying, أَكُفْرًا بَعْدَ رَدِّ المَوْتِ عَنِّى وَبَعْدَ عَطَائِكَ المَائَةَ الرِّتَاعَا [Shall I show ingratitude after the repelling of death from me and after thy giving as a bloodwit for me the hundred camels pasturing at large amid abundant herbage? ], المائة being governed in the accus. case by عطائك: (I'Ak p. 211:) the dim. of عَطَاآءٌ is ↓ عُطَىٌّ. (S, TA. [See مُحَيِّىٌ, in art. حى.]) ― -b2- Also [i. e. عَطَاآءٌ and عَطًا] A gift as meaning a thing that is given; (K;) or so عَطَاآءٌ; (Mgh;) and (Mgh, K) so ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or, as some say, عَطَاآءٌ is a coll. n.; and when the sing. is meant, one says ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ: (TA:) the pl. of عَطَاآءٌ is أَعْطِيَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَعْطِيَاتٌ (Mgh, K) which latter is a pl. pl.: (K:) and the pl. of ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ is عَطَايَا: (S, Mgh, Msb:) and عَطَاآءٌ has also for a pl. ↓ مَعَاطِىُّ, anonymously. (TA.) عَطَاآءٌ also signifies [ A soldier's stipend, or pay; or his allowance; and so ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ:] what is given out to the soldier from the government-treasury once a year, or twice; and رِزْقٌ, what is given out to him every month: or the former, every year, or month; and the latter, day by day: or the former, and ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ, what is assigned to those who fight: and رِزْقٌ and ↓ عَطِيَّةٌ, what is assigned to the poor Muslims when they are not fighting. (Mgh. [See also رِزْقٌ.])

عَطُوٌّ ذ : see عَطْوٌ.

عُطَىٌّ ذ dim. of عَطَاآءٌ, q. v. (S, TA.)

عَطَاآءَةٌ ذ and عَطَاوَةٌ: see عَطَاآءٌ, first sentence.

عَطِيَّةٌ ذ : see عَطَاآءٌ, latter half, in six places. ― -b2- [Hence] أُمُّ عَطِيَّة The mill, or hand-mill; syn. الرَّحَا. (T in art. ام.)

عَاطٍ ذ A gazelle raising his head to take the leaves [ of a tree ]. (TA.) [See also عَطْوٌ.] Hence, (TA,) عَاطٍ بِغَيْرِ أَنْوَاطٍ (S, Meyd, TA) Taking [or reaching to take ] without there being aught of things suspended, (Meyd,) a prov.; (S, Meyd, TA;) applied to him who arrogates to himself that which he does not possess; (Meyd;) or to him who arrogates to himself knowledge that does not regulate him; (TA;) or meaning, taking [or reaching to take] that which is not to be hoped for (S, TA) nor to be taken. (S. [See also art. نوط.]) [And عَاطِيَةٌ is applied to a mare as meaning Raising her head: see شَبَاةٌ (last sentence) in art. شبو.]

أَعْطَى ذ [signifying More, and most, excellent in giving is anomalous, being formed from the augmented verb أَعْطَى]: see أَجْوَبُ.

مُعْطٍ ذ [ Giving, &c.]. When thou desirest Zeyd [i. e. any person] to give thee a thing, thou sayest, هَلْ أَنْتَ مُعْطِيَّهُ [lit. Art thou my giver of it? ], with fet-h and teshdeed to the ى: and in like manner thou sayest to a pl. number, هَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُعْطِيَّهُ, because the ن [of the word مُعْطُونَ] falls out by reason of the word's becoming a prefixed noun, and the و is changed into ى and incorporated [into the pronominal ى], and the ى is pronounced with fet-h because [originally] preceded by a quiescent letter [i. e. the و which is changed into ى]: and to two persons thou sayest, هَلْ أَنْتُمَا مُعْطِيَايَهُ, with fet-h to the ى: and thus you do in similar cases. (S, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] قَوْسٌ مُعْطِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A pliable bow, not rigid nor resisting to him who pulls the string: or, as some say, that has been bent and not been broken. (TA.) [See also عَطْوَى.]

مِعْطَاآءٌ ذ A man, and a woman, who gives much, or often: pl. مَعَاطِىُّ and مَعَاطٍ. (Akh, S, K.)

مَعَاطِىُّ ذ [a pl. of مِعْطَاآءٌ and] an anomalous pl. of عَطَاآءٌ, q. v. (TA.)

1 عَظَلَتِ الكِلَابُ ذ , aor. عَظُلَ ; and عَظِلَت, aor. عَظَلَ ; (K, TA;) inf. n. عَظْلٌ; (TA;) The dogs mounted, one upon another, (K, TA,) in coitu. (TA. [See also 3.])

2 عظّلوا عَلَيْهِ ذ : see 5.

3 عَاظَلَت ذ , (S, TA,) or عاظلت فِى السِّفَادِ, (O,) inf. n. مُعَاظَلَةٌ and عِظَالٌ, (S, K,) said of dogs, (S, O, K,) and of beasts of prey, (TA,) and of locusts, (S, K,) and of whatever stick fast (S, O, K, TA) in coitu; (TA;) as also ↓ تعَاظلت, (S, O, K, *) and ↓ اعتظلت, (O, K, *) said of locusts (O) &c.; (K;) [and so ↓ تعظّلت; (see 5 below;)] Cohæserunt in coitu. (S, O, K, TA.) ― -b2- And عاظلهُ is said of anything as meaning It mounted upon it, or overlay it. (El-Ámidee, TA.) ― -b3- العِظَالُ فِى القَوَافِى signifies التَّضْمِينُ [i. e. The introducing into verses a hemistich, or a verse, or more, of another poet; &c.: see more in art. ضمن] (S, O.) One says, عاظل فِى القَافِيَةِ, inf. n. عِظَالٌ, meaning ضَمَّنَ [i. e. He introduced into the ode a hemistich, &c.]. (K.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُعَاظِلُ فِى القَوَافِى [ Such a one does not, or will not, introduce into verses &c.]. (S.) 'Omar said, of the best of poets, لَا يُعَاظِلُ الكَلَامَ, meaning He does not make one part of the language to accord in meaning with another, [so I render لَمْ يَحْمِلْ بَعْضَهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ, (see art. حمل,) i. e. he does not make use of tautology, ] nor does he utter that which is a repetition, or that which is disapproved, (الرَّجِيع مِنَ القَوْل,) nor reiterate an expression: or, accord. to El-Ámidee, he does not make the language obscure, nor crowd one part of it upon another: (TA:) or he said, لَمْ يُعَاظِلْ بَيْنَ القَوْلِ, referring to Zuheyr, and meaning he rendered the saying distinct and plain, and did not make it obscure. (O, TA. *) ― -b4- عاظلهُ also signifies He said to him, “ I am like thee, ” or “ better than thou, ” the latter saying the same. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA.)

5 التَّعَظُّلُ ذ is a dial. var. of التَّعَاظُلُ. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA. See 3, first sentence.) ― -b2- تعظّلوا عَلَيْهِ They collected themselves together against him; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عظّلوا, inf. n. تَعْظِيلٌ: (K:) or they bore, or pressed, or crowded, as though mounting one another, upon him, to beat him. (TA.) ― -b3- And one says, ظَلَّ يَتَعَظَّلُ فِى أَثَرِهِ مُنْذُ اليُوْمِ He passed the time pursuing hard after it during the day; meaning a thing that had escaped him. (O, TA.)

6 تَعَاْظَلَ see 3, first sentence. ― -b2- تعاظلوا عَلَى المَاآءِ They became numerous at the water, and pressed, or crowded, upon it. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA.)

8 اـِعْتَظَلَ see 3, first sentence.

Q. Q. 4 اِعْظَأَلَّ الشَّجَرُ ذ The trees had many branches. (IKh, O.) See also Q. Q. 4 in arts. عضل and عطل.

عُظْلٌ ذ : see عُظُلٌ.

عَظَلٌ ذ and عُظَلٌ A large فَأْرَة [or rat ]: also mentioned as with ض: on the authority of Aboo-Sahl. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA.) [See also عَضَلٌ.]

عُظُلٌ ذ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] i. q. مَأْبُونُونَ [of which see the sing., مَأْبُونٌ]; (IAar, O, K;) as also ↓ عُظْلٌ. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA.)

هُوَ عَظِيلُهُ ذ He is the person who says to him, “ I am like thee, ” or “ better than thou, ” and to whom the latter says the same. (Marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA.)

عَاظِلٌ ذ and [its pls.] عَظْلَى (S, O, K) and عِظَالٌ (marg. note in an autographical copy of the TA) and عُظَالَى, (ISh, TA,) applied to locusts (جَرَادٌ), Cohærentes in coitu. (S, O, K, TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] يَوْمُ العُظَالَى A certain day (i. e. conflict ) of the Arabs, well known; (S, O, K;) said in the A to be that of Benoo-Temeem, when they went to fight against Bekr Ibn-Wáïl: (TA:) so called because the people bore, or pressed, or crowded, as though mounting, one upon another, (رَكِبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا, S, O, K,) therein, (S, O,) when they were routed: (TA:) or because they congregated therein as though they were mounting, one upon another: (AHei, TA:) or because two and three of them rode upon one beast (S, O, K, TA) in the rout: thus says As: or because Bistám Ibn-Keys and Háni Ibn-Kabeesah and Maarook Ibn-'Amr and El-Howfazán combined therein for the command. (TA.)

مُعْظِلٌ ذ and ↓ مُعْظَئِلٌّ A place abounding in trees. (Kr, K.)

مُعْظَئِلٌّ ذ : see what next precedes. [And see its verb, Q. Q. 4.]

Q. 2 تَعَظْلَمَ ذ , [from عِظْلِمٌ as signifying a certain plant or dye,] said of the night, It was, or became, dark, and very black; (K, TA;) i. e. it became like the عِظْلِم. (TA.)

عِظْلِمٌ ذ , (S, Msb, K,) of which عَظْلَمٌ is a dial. var., (MF, TA,) The expressed juice of a species of tree or plant, (Az, K, TA,) the colour of which is like نِيل [or indigo ], green (أَخْضَر) inclining to duskiness: (Az, TA:) or a certain plant, (S, K,) or thing, (Msb,) with which one dyes, (S, Msb, K,) said to be (Msb) called in Pers. نِيل [i. e. the indigo-plant ]: (Msb, and so in some copies of the S; other copies of which, for نيل, have تفل:) or i. q. وَسْمَةٌ [ an appellation now applied to woad; as is also عِظْلِم]: (S, Msb, K:) AHn says, one of the Arabs of the desert told me that the عظلم is the male وَسْمَة: he also says that it is a small tree or plant, (شُجَيْرَةٌ), of the [ class called ] رِبَّة, that grows in a late season, and the greenness of which is lasting: and in one place he says, an Arab of the desert, of the Saráh (السَّرَاة), told me that the عِظْلِمَة [which is the n. un.] is a tree or plant (شَجَرَةٌ) that rises upon a stem about a cubit [ in height ] and has branches at the extremities of which are what resemble the blossoms of the كُزْبَرَة [or coriander ], and it (the tree or plant) is dustcoloured: (TA:) some say that it is the بِقَّم [or Brazil-wood ]: (Msb:) MF says, it is the خَطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallow ]: (TA:) thus says El-Hareeree; but El-'Okbaree says that it is not that: (Har p. 625:) and some say that it is a certain red dye. (TA.) Hence the prov., بَيْضَاآءُ لَايُدْجِى سَنَاهَا العِظْلِمُ i. e. [ A white, or fair, female, ] whose whiteness [or brightness ] عظلم will not blacken [or darken ]: applied to that which is notable, which nothing will conceal. (Meyd, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, as being likened thereto, (S,) it signifies also The dark night: (S, K:) one says لَيْلٌ عِظْلِمٌ. (TA.)

عَظْلَمَةٌ ذ Darkness. (K.)

عِظْلَامٌ ذ Dust; syn. قَتَرَةٌ and غَبَرَةٌ. (K.)

1 عَظُمَ ذ , [aor. عَظُمَ ,] inf. n. عِظَمٌ (S, Msb, K) and عَظَامَةٌ, (Msb, K,) accord. to El-Isbahánee, primarily signifies He was, or became, great in his bone: then metaphorically said of anything كَبِير [or great], whether an object of sense or of intel-lect, a substance or an accident: (TA:) i. q. كَبُرَ, (S, TA,) said of a thing [as meaning it was, or became, great, big, or large ], (S, Msb, TA,) in length and breadth and thickness: (TA:) [and in like manner, metaphorically, said of an object of intellect; meaning it was, or became, great in estimation or rank or dignity; and thus also said of a man: or it imports more than كَبُرَ; signifying it was, or became, great in comparison with other things of its kind; huge, enormous, or vast; and in a similar sense it is said of a man; and in an incomparably higher sense, of God: (see عَظِيمٌ, below:)] and ↓ اعظم said of an affair, or event, signifies [like عَظُمَ] it became عَظِيم. (TA.) عِظَمٌ is the contr. of صِغَرٌ. (K.) ― -b2- عَظُمَ عِنْدَهُ, and عَظُمَ عَلَيْهِ: see 6, in three places: and see also 4. And مَا يَعْظُمُنِى [which is similar in meaning to ما يَعْظُمُ عَلَىَّ if not a mistranscription for ما يُعْظِمُنِى]: see 4. ― -b3- In the case of expressing wonder, one says, عُظْمَ البَطْنُ بَطْنُكَ [ How great is the belly, thy belly ! ], contracting عَظُمَ, and transferring the vowel of its middle letter to [the place of] its first; and thus one does in the case of that which denotes praise or blame, and of whatever [verb] may be well used in the manner of نِعْمَ, and بِئْسَ: but what may not be thus used does not admit of the transferring, though it may be contracted; so that you may say, حَسُنَ الوَجْهُ وَجْهُكَ and حَسْنَ الوَجْهُ وَجْهُكَ and حُسْنَ الوَجْهُ وَجْهُكَ, but not قَدْ حُسْنَ الوَجْهُ وَجْهُكَ. (S.) -A2- عَظَمَ الكَلْبَ, inf. n. عَظْمٌ, He gave the dog a bone to eat; as also ↓ اعظمهُ. (K.) ― -b2- And عَظَمَ فُلَانًا, inf. n. عَظَمَةٌ (K, TA) and عَظَمٌ, (TA,) He struck such a one upon his bones. (K, TA.)

2 عظّمهُ ذ , inf. n. تَعْظِيمٌ; and ↓ اعظمهُ; [ He made it great, big, or large: see اـِعْظَامَةٌ. ― -b2- And hence,] He magnified, honoured, or treated with respect or reverence or veneration, him, [generally meaning thus, i. e. a person,] or it, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. an affair. (S.) [One says, فَعَلْتُ كَذَا تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ I did thus for the purpose of rendering honour &c. to him, or it. ] ― -b3- عظّم المَطَرُ, inf. n. as above, The rain moistened to the measure of the عَظَمَة [or thick part ] of the arm. (TA voce أَسَّلَ [q. v.]) -A2- عظّم الشَّاةَ, inf. n. as above, He cut up the sheep, or goat, bone by bone. (K.)

4 اعظم ذ as intrans.: see 1, former half. -A2- اعظمهُ: see 2: ― -b2- and 10, in two places. ― -b3- One says also, أَعْظَمَنِى مَا قُلْتَ, meaning ↓ هالَنِى وَعَظُمَ عَلَىَّ [i. e. What thou saidst frightened me, or terrified me, and was grievous, or distressing, in its effect upon me (like كَبُرَ عَلَىَّ)]: and ↓ مَا يَعْظُمُنِى أَنْ أَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ [if not a mistranscription for ما يُعْظِمُنِى], meaning مَا يَهُولُنِى [ My doing that will not frighten me, or terrify me ]. (TA.) -A3- اعظم الكَلْبَ: see 1, last sentence but one.

5 تعظّم ذ [ He made himself to appear great, big, or large: as is indicated by an explanation of the word رُفَاعَة in the S, in art. رفع. ― -b2- And hence,] He magnified himself; or behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently; as also ↓ استعظم; (S, Msb, K;) [and so ↓ تعاظم: ― -b3- whence one says, تعظّم عَنْهُ and عنه ↓ تعاظم, both of which occur in the K, the former in art. ابه in explanation of تَأَبَّهَ عَنْ كَذَا, and the latter in art. جل in explanation of تَجَالَّ عَنْهُ; both meaning He held himself above it, disdained it, or was disdainful of it. ] ― -b4- [تَعَظَّمَ ا@للّٰهُ and ↓ تَعَاظَمَ may be best rendered Incomparable in greatness, or majesty, is God. ] -A2- See also 10.

6 تعاظم ذ as intrans.: see 5, in three places: ― -b2- and see عَظَمَةٌ. -A2- [تعاظمهُ signifies It was, or became, عَظِيم i. e. great, &c., in comparison with it. ] One says, سَيْلٌ لَا يَتَعَاظَمُهُ شَىْءٌ, meaning [ A torrent ] in comparison with which nothing will be great. (TA.) And أَصَابَنَا مَطَرٌ لَا يَتَعَاظَمُهُ شَىْءٌ i. e. عِنْدَهُ ↓ لَا يَعْظُمُ [meaning, in like manner, Rain in comparison with which (lit. in juxtaposition to which ) nothing will be great fell upon us ]. (S, TA.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ يَتَعَاظَمُهُ شَىْءٌ (K, * TA) [ This is an affair ] in comparison with which nothing will be great. (K, TA.) ― -b2- تعاظمهُ said of an affair, or event, (أَمْرٌ, S, Msb, TA,) signifies (Msb, K, TA) also (K, TA) عَلَيْهِ ↓ عَظُمَ [i. e. It was, or became, of great magnitude, or moment, or importance; or of great gravity; or (like كَبُرَ عَلَيْهِ) difficult, hard, severe, grievous, distressing, afflictive, troublesome, or burdensome; in its effect upon him ]. (Msb, K, TA.) In a trad., God is related to have said, لَا يَتَعَاظَمُنِى ذَنْبٌ أَنْ أَغْفِرَهُ, meaning عَلَىَّ ↓ لَا يَعْظُمُ and عِنْدِى [i. e. A sin is not difficult, &c., to me to forgive it; like as one says, لَا يَكْبُرُ عَلَىَّ and عِنْدِى]. (TA.)

10 استعظم ذ as intrans.: see 5. -A2- استعظمهُ He reckoned it, (S,) or he saw it, or judged it, to be, (Mgh, Msb, K,) عَظِيم [i. e. great, &c.]; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اعظمهُ, (Mgh, K,) which latter is mentioned by ISd, but disapproved by him: one says, ↓ سَمِعْتُ خَبَرًا فَأَعْظَمْتُهُ [ I heard a narration and I judged it to be of great moment, &c.]: (TA:) and ↓ تعظّم is thought by ISd to mean he looked upon [a thing] as عَظِيم. (TA in art. شرف.) ― -b2- Also, He took the greater, or main, part of it, (K, TA,) namely, a thing. (TA.)

عَظْمٌ ذ The قَصَب [here meaning bone, but properly applied to the bones of the hands and feet, or of the arms and legs,] of an animal, upon which is the flesh: (K:) [dim. ↓ عُظَيْمٌ:] pl. [of mult.] عِظَامٌ (S, Msb, K) and عِظَامَةٌ, with ة as characteristic of the fem. gender, (K,) and [of pauc.] أَعْظُمٌ. (Msb, K.) ― -b2- [And app. A portion of a camel slaughtered for distribution in the game called المَيْسِر: Freytag explains it as signifying, in the Deewán of the Hudhalees, “ portio animalis mactati in ludo alearum: ” and having for its pl. أَعْظُمٌ.] ― -b3- عَظْمُ وَضَّاحٍ, or وَضَّاحٍ ↓ عُظَيْمُ, is the name of A certain game of the Arabs, (K, TA,) of the children of the Arabs of the desert, (L in art. وضح,) in which they throw in the night a piece of bone, (TA,) or a white bone, (L in art. وضح,) and he who lights upon it overcomes his companions: when one of the two parties overcame, he, or they, used to ride those of the other party from the place in which they found it to the place from which they threw it, saying, عُظَيْمَ وَضَّاحٍ ضِحَنَّ اللَّيْلَهْ وَلَا تَضِحَنَّ بَعْدَهَا مِنْ لَيْلَهْ [ O little bone of a thing very apparent, do thou appear to-night, and do not thou appear any night after it ]. (TA.) ― -b4- عَظْمُ الرَّحْلِ The wood of the [ camel's saddle called ] رَحْل, without أَنْسَاع [i. e. the broad, plaited, leathern bands with which it is bound ], and without any gear. (S, K.) ― -b5- عَظْمُ الفَدَّانِ The broad board of the plough, (K, TA,) at the head of which is the iron [or share ] whereby the earth is cloven: and عَضْم is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) ― -b6- عَظْمٌ is also a dial. var. of عَضْمٌ signifying A winnowing-fork. (AHn, TA in art. عضم, q. v.) ― -b7- And a dial. var. of عَضْمٌ as signifying The handle, or part that is grasped by the hand, of a bow. (AHn, TA in art. عضم.) -A2- See also مُعْظَمٌ.

عُظْمٌ ذ : see عَظَمَةٌ: -A2- and see مُعْظَمٌ, in three places.

عَظَمُ الطَّرِيقِ ذ The main part, or middle, or beaten track, of the road. (K.)

عُظْمَةٌ ذ : see اـِعْظَامَةٌ.

عَظَمَةٌ ذ Self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عُظْمٌ (S, K) and ↓ عُظَّامَةٌ and ↓ عَظَمُوتٌ: (K:) as an attribute of a human being, it is [generally] blamable: (Az, K, TA:) [but] one says, لِفُلَانِ عَظَمَةٌ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ meaning To such a one belongs a title to honour, or respect, in the estimation of men; and ↓ لَهُ تَعَاظُمٌ likewise: and ↓ اـِنَّهُ لَعَظِيمُ المَعَاظِمِ i. e. Verily he is great in respect of the title that he has to honour, and of the rights that are held in high account; one to whom it is incumbent [ on others ] to pay regard, or consideration. (TA.) ― -b2- As an attribute of God, it is not to be ascribed to a human being; (Az, K, TA;) for, in relation to Him [it means Incomparable greatness or majesty, and] it is not to be specified by the ascription of its quality, nor defined, nor likened to anything. (TA.) ― -b3- Also The thick part of the fore arm; (S;) the half next the elbow, of the fore arm, in which is the [ main ] muscle; the half next the hand being called the أَسَلَة. (Lh, K.) ― -b4- And The thick part of the tongue, (K, TA,) above the عَكَدَة, which is the root thereof. (TA.) ― -b5- عَظَمَاتُ القَوْمِ The chiefs, and nobles, of the people, or party. (K, * TA.) ― -b6- See also اـِعْظَامَةٌ.

عَظِمَةٌ ذ A female that desires great أُيُور [pl. of أَيْرٌ, q. v.]; as also ↓ مَعْظُومَةٌ. (K.)

عَظْمِىٌّ ذ [in the CK عَظْمٰى, but it is a rel. n.,] A pigeon inclining to whiteness; (K, TA;) app. so called in relation to the bone (العَظْم), by reason of its whiteness. (TA.)

عَظَمُوتٌ ذ : see عَظَمَةٌ, first sentence.

عُظَامٌ ذ : see the next paragraph.

عَظِيمٌ ذ Having the quality denoted by the verb عَظُمَ; [i. e. great, big, or large; &c.;] (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عُظَامٌ (S, K, TA) in an intensive sense [i. e. signifying very great &c.], (TA,) and ↓ عُظَّامٌ (K, TA) in a more intensive sense than عُظَامٌ [i. e. signifying very very great &c.]: (TA:) or عَظِيمٌ signifies esteemed great &c. by another or others; differing from كَبِيرٌ, which signifies “ great &c. in itself: ” (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee, TA:) or the former is the contr. of حَقِيرٌ; [i. e. it signifies of great account or estimation; ] and as حَقِيرٌ is inferior to صَغِيرٌ, so عَظِيمٌ is superior to كَبِيرٌ; (Ksh and Bd in ii. 6;) and signifies great, or the like, in comparison with other things of its kind: (Bd ibid:) [it may therefore often be rendered huge, enormous, or vast: used metaphorically, as applied to an object of the intellect, it means great in estimation or rank or dignity; and thus as applied to a man: also of great magnitude or moment or importance: of great gravity: difficult, hard, severe, grievous, distressing, afflictive, troublesome, or burdensome: (see 6:) and formidable, or terrible. (Bd in xxii. 1.) Hence one says, رَجُلٌ عَظِيمٌ فِى المَجْدِ وَالرَّأْىِ (tropical:) [ A man great in respect of glory, honour, dignity, or nobility, and of judgment, or opinion ]. (TA.) And رَمَاهُ بِعَظِيمٍ and ↓ بِمُعْظَمٍ (assumed tropical:) [ He reproached him, or upbraided him, with, or he accused him of, a thing, or an act, of great gravity; or an enormity ]: both mean the same. (TA.) [The pl. of عَظِيمٌ is عِظَامٌ and, applied to rational beings, عُظَمَاآءُ.] ― -b2- العَظِيمُ as an epithet applied to God is syn. with الكَبِيرُ [signifying The Incomparably-great ]. (TA.)

عُظَيْمٌ ذ : and عُظَيْمُ وَضَّاحٍ: see عَظْمٌ.

عِظَامَةٌ ذ : see اـِعْظَامَةٌ.

عَظِيمَةٌ ذ A severe calamity or misfortune; as also ↓ مُعْظَمَةٌ; (S, K;) [and so ↓ مُعْظَمٌ, thus in a verse cited in the S in art. ولب:] pl. of the first عَظَائِمُ; and of the second ↓ مَعَاظِمُ. (TA.) ― -b2- [And A great crime or the like; a meaning well known: so I have rendered it voce صَخَّ: in art. طمر in the O and TA, its pl. عَظَائِمُ, is rendered by ذُنُوب: see مُطَمَّرٌ.] -A2- See also اـِعْظَامَةٌ.

عِظَامِىٌّ ذ [a rel. n. from عِظَامٌ, pl. of عَظْمٌ]: see عِصَامِىٌّ, in art. عصم, in two places.

عُظَّامٌ ذ : see عَظِيمٌ.

عُظَّامَةٌ ذ : see عَظَمَةٌ: -A2- and see also what here follows.