Al-Tuhfa al-Saniyya — Sharh al-Ajurrumiyya (التحفة السنية بشرح المقدمة الآجرومية) — Page 39

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْكَلِمَاتُ مَنْصُوبَةٌ وُجُودُ الْأَلِفِ فِي آخِرِهَا، نَحْوَ «احْتَرِمْ أَبَاكَ» وَ «انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ» وَ «زُورِي حَمَاكِ» وَ «نَظِّفْ فَاكَ» وَ «لَا تَحْتَرِمْ ذَا الْمَالِ لِمَالِهِ»

The words are in the accusative case, indicated by the presence of the alif at their end, such as 'Respect your father', 'Support your brother', 'Visit your father-in-law', 'Clean your mouth', and 'Do not respect the possessor of wealth for his wealth'.

فَكُلٌّ مِنْ «أَبَاكَ، وَأَخَاكَ، وَحَمَاكَ، وَفَاكَ، وَذَا الْمَالِ» فِي هَذِهِ الْأَمْثِلَةِ وَنَحْوِهَا مَنْصُوبٌ؛ لِأَنَّهُ وَقَعَ فِيهَا مَفْعُولًا بِهِ، وَعَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهِ الْأَلِفُ نِيَابَةً عَنِ الْفَتْحَةِ وَكُلٌّ مِنْهَا مُضَافٌ، وَمَا بَعْدَهُ مِنَ الْكَافِ، وَ «الْمَالِ» مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ.

Each of 'your father', 'your brother', 'your father-in-law', 'your mouth', and 'the possessor of wealth' in these examples and similar ones is in the accusative case because it functions as a direct object, and its sign of the accusative is the alif in place of the fatha, and each of them is a construct (mudaf), and what follows it, whether the kaf or 'wealth', is a genitive (mudaf ilayh).

وَلَيْسَ لِلْأَلِفِ مَوْضِعٌ تَنُوبُ فِيهِ عَنِ الْفَتْحَةِ سِوَى هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ.

There is no position where the alif acts as a substitute for the fatha other than this position.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (16 verbs · 37 nouns)

• احْتَرَمَ — to respect
• نَصَرَ — to help
• زَارَ — to visit
• كَلِمَة — word
• مَنْصُوب — accusative
• وُجُود — existence