Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 31

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

عَيْنًا وَقَبَائِلُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ قَبِيلَةً، {قَدْ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٍ} مِنْهُمْ {مَشْرَبَهُمْ} أَيْ: مَحَلَّهُمُ الَّذِي يَشْرَبُونَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَعْيُنِ، فَلَا يُزَاحِمُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، بَلْ يَشْرَبُونَهُ مُتَهَنِّئِينَ لَا مُتَكَدِّرِينَ، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ: {كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا مِنْ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ} أَيْ: الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ سَعْيٍ وَلَا تَعَبٍ {وَلَا تَعْثَوْا فِي الْأَرْضِ} أَيْ: تَخْرَبُوا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْإِفْسَادِ.

(from previous page) ⟵ So We said, "Strike the rock with your staff." It was either a specific, known rock to him, or a generic noun. "And there gushed forth from it twelve springs." The tribes of the Children of Israel were twelve tribes. "Each group knew their drinking place," meaning their designated spot from which they would drink from these springs, so they would not crowd each other. Rather, they would drink it with ease, not with distress. That is why He said, "Eat and drink from the provision of Allah," meaning that which He gave you without effort or toil, "and do not commit evil on earth," meaning do not cause ruin by way of corruption.

{وَإِذْ قُلْتُمْ يَا مُوسَى لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلَى طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ فَادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُخْرِجْ لَنَا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ بَقْلِهَا وَقِثَّائِهَا وَفُومِهَا وَعَدَسِهَا وَبَصَلِهَا قَالَ أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنَى بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ اهْبِطُوا مِصْرًا فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ مَا سَأَلْتُمْ وَضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ وَالْمَسْكَنَةُ وَبَاءُوا بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَيَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ}

And [recall] when you said, \"O Moses, we can never endure one [kind of] food. So call upon your Lord to bring forth for us from what the earth produces - its greens, its cucumbers, its garlic, its lentils, and its onions.\" [Moses] said, \"Would you exchange what is better for what is less? Go down to [any] city, and indeed, for you will be what you requested.\" And humiliation and misery were struck upon them, and they returned with anger from Allah [upon them]. That was because they used to disbelieve in the signs of Allah and kill the prophets without right. That was because they disobeyed and used to transgress.

أَيْ وَاذْكُرُوا، إِذْ قُلْتُمْ لِمُوسَى عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّمَلُّلِ لِنِعَمِ اللَّهِ وَالِاحْتِقَارِ لَهَا {لَنْ نَصْبِرَ عَلَى طَعَامٍ وَاحِدٍ} أَيْ: جِنْسٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَإِنْ كَانَ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ أَنْوَاعًا لَكِنَّهَا لَا تَتَغَيَّرُ، {فَادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُخْرِجْ لَنَا مِمَّا تُنْبِتُ الْأَرْضُ مِنْ بَقْلِهَا} أَيْ: نَبَاتَهَا الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِشَجَرٍ يَقُومُ عَلَى سَاقِهِ {وَقِثَّائِهَا} وَهُوَ الْخِيَارُ {وَفُومِهَا} أَيْ: ثُومَهَا، وَالْعَدَسُ وَالْبَصَلُ مَعْرُوفٌ، قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَى {أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِي هُوَ أَدْنَى} وَهُوَ الْأَطْعِمَةُ الْمَذْكُورَةُ، {بِالَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ} وَهُوَ الْمَنُّ وَالسَّلْوَى، فَهَذَا غَيْرُ لَائِقٍ بِكُمْ، فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَطْعِمَةَ الَّتِي طَلَبْتُمْ أَيَّ مِصْرٍ هَبَطْتُمُوهُ وَجَدْتُمُوهَا، وَأَمَّا طَعَامُكُمُ الَّذِي مَنَّ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَلَيْكُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْأَطْعِمَةِ وَأَشْرَفُهَا فَكَيْفَ تَطْلُبُونَ بِهِ بَدَلًا؟

That is, remember when you said to Moses, out of weariness with Allah's blessings and disdain for them, \"We will not endure one kind of food\" - meaning, one type of food, even though it consisted of various kinds as mentioned before, but they did not change. \"So invoke your Lord for us to bring forth for us from what the earth grows - its herbs\" - meaning, its plants that are not trees standing on a trunk - \"and cucumbers and its garlic\" - meaning, its garlic, and lentils and onions are well-known. Moses said to them, \"Would you exchange what is less good\" - which are the mentioned foods - \"for what is better?\" - which are the manna and quails. This is not befitting for you, for these foods you requested, you would find them in any city you descended into. As for your food with which Allah blessed you, it is the best and most honorable of foods, so how can you seek a substitute for it?

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Vocabulary · المفردات (49 verbs · 56 nouns)

• عَلِمَ — to know
• شَرِبَ — to drink
• زَاحَمَ — to crowd
• قَبِيلَة — tribe
• أُنَاس — people
• مَشْرَب — drinking place