Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 13

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

اللَّهُ يَسْتَهْزِئُ بِهِمْ وَيَمُدُّهُمْ فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ}

[But] Allah mocks them and prolongs them in their transgression [while] they wander blindly.

هَذَا مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ،

This is because they say with their tongues what is not in their hearts.

وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ إِذَا اجْتَمَعُوا بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَظْهَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ عَلَى طَرِيقَتِهِمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ مَعَهُمْ

When they meet the believers, they pretend to follow their way and stand with them.

فَإِذَا خَلَوْا إِلَى شَيَاطِينِهِمْ - أَيْ: رُؤَسَائِهِمْ وَكُبَرَائِهِمْ فِي الشَّرِّ - قَالُوا: إِنَّا مَعَكُمْ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ،

But when they are alone with their devils—meaning their leaders and elders in evil—they say, "We are truly with you."

وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ مُسْتَهْزِئُونَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِإِظْهَارِنَا لَهُمْ، أَنَّا عَلَى طَرِيقَتِهِمْ،

"We are only mocking the believers by pretending to be on their path."

فَهَذِهِ حَالُهُمُ الْبَاطِنَةُ وَالظَّاهِرَةُ، وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ. قَالَ تَعَالَى: {اللَّهُ يَسْتَهْزِئُ بِهِمْ وَيَمُدُّهُمْ فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ}

Such is their inner and outer state, and evil plotting only ensnares its own people.

وَهَذَا جَزَاءٌ لَهُمْ عَلَى اسْتِهْزَائِهِمْ بِعِبَادِهِ،

This is their recompense for mocking His servants.

فَمِنِ اسْتِهْزَائِهِ بِهِمْ أَنْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمْ مَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّقَاءِ وَالْحَالَةِ الْخَبِيثَةِ،

Part of His mockery is that He adorned their misery and vile state for them.

حَتَّى ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ مَعَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، لَمَّا لَمْ يُسَلِّطِ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِمْ،

They even thought they were with the believers, since Allah did not empower the believers against them.

وَمِنِ اسْتِهْزَائِهِ بِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَنَّهُ يُعْطِيهِمْ مَعَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُورًا ظَاهِرًا،

Part of His mockery on the Day of Resurrection is that He gives them an outward light along with the believers.

فَإِذَا مَشِيَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنُورِهِمْ طُفِئَ نُورُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَبَقُوا فِي الظُّلْمَةِ بَعْدَ النُّورِ مُتَحَيِّرِينَ

When the believers walk by their light, the light of the hypocrites is extinguished, leaving them in darkness, utterly bewildered.

فَمَا أَعْظَمَ الْيَأْسَ بَعْدَ الطَّمَعِ،

How profound the despair that follows such hope!

يُنَادُونَهُمْ أَلَمْ نَكُنْ مَعَكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى وَلَكِنَّكُمْ فَتَنْتُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَتَرَبَّصْتُمْ وَارْتَبْتُمْ

They will call out to them, "Were we not with you?" They will reply, "Yes, but you tempted yourselves, waited for our downfall, and doubted."

أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى فَمَا رَبِحَتْ تِجَارَتُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ

Those are the ones who have purchased error [in exchange] for guidance, so their transaction has brought no profit, nor were they guided.

أُولَئِكَ أَيْ: الْمُنَافِقُونَ الْمَوْصُوفُونَ بِتِلْكَ الصِّفَاتِ {الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى} أَيْ:

"Those" refers to the hypocrites described by these traits.

رَغِبُوا فِي الضَّلَالَةِ، رَغْبَةَ الْمُشْتَرِي بِالسِّلْعَةِ الَّتِي مِنْ رَغْبَتِهِ فِيهَا يَبْذُلُ فِيهَا الْأَثْمَانَ النَّفِيسَةَ وَهَذَا مِنْ أَحْسَنِ الْأَمْثِلَةِ،

They desired error with the same eagerness a buyer has for a commodity, for which he gladly pays a high price.

فَإِنَّهُ جَعَلَ الضَّلَالَةَ، الَّتِي هِيَ غَايَةُ الشَّرِّ، كَالسِّلْعَةِ وَجَعَلَ الْهُدَى الَّذِي هُوَ غَايَةُ الصَّلَاحِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الثَّمَنِ،

He cast error, the ultimate evil, as the commodity, and guidance, the ultimate righteousness, as the price.

فَبَذَلُوا الْهُدَى رَغْبَةً عَنْهُ بِالضَّلَالَةِ رَغْبَةً فِيهَا،

They parted with guidance, wishing to be rid of it, in exchange for error, which they desired.

فَهَذِهِ تِجَارَتُهُمْ، فَبِئْسَ التِّجَارَةُ وَبِئْسَ الصَّفْقَةُ صَفْقَتُهُمْ

This is their trade; wretched is that trade and wretched is their deal.

وَإِذَا كَانَ بَذْلُ دِينَارٍ فِي مُقَابَلَةِ دِرْهَمٍ خَاسِرًا فَكَيْفَ مَنْ بَذَلَ جَوْهَرَةً وَأَخَذَ عَنْهَا دِرْهَمًا؟

If trading a gold dinar for a silver dirham is a loss, what of one who trades a jewel for a mere dirham?

فَكَيْفَ مَنْ بَذَلَ الْهُدَى فِي مُقَابَلَةِ الضَّلَالَةِ وَاخْتَارَ الشَّقَاءَ عَلَى السَّعَادَةِ، وَرَغِبَ فِي سَافِلِ الْأُمُورِ عَنْ عَالِيهَا؟

What of one who trades guidance for error, chooses misery over happiness, and prefers the lowest of things over the highest?

فَمَا رَبِحَتْ تِجَارَتُهُ، بَلْ خَسِرَ فِيهَا أَعْظَمَ خَسَارَةٍ.

Their trade brought no profit; rather, they suffered the greatest of losses.

قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَاسِرِينَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَلَا ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ

Say, "Indeed, the losers are the ones who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, that is the manifest loss."

وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ تَحْقِيقٌ لِضَلَالِهِمْ، وَأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَحْصُلْ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْهِدَايَةِ شَيْءٌ

They were not guided, a confirmation of their misguidance, and that they did not receive any guidance. Their example is like that of one who kindled a fire, but when it illuminated what was around him, Allah took away their light and left them in darkness, unable to see. ⟶ (sentence continues on next page)

Vocabulary · المفردات (34 verbs · 63 nouns)

• اِسْتَهْزَأَ — to mock
• مَدَّ — to extend
• عَمِهَ — to be confused
• اِجْتَمَعَ — to gather
• أَظْهَرَ — to show
• خَلَا — to be alone
• قَالَ — to say
• حَاقَ — to befall
• زَيَّنَ — to adorn
• كَانَ — to be
• ظَنَّ — to think
• سَلَّطَ — to empower
• أَعْطَى — to give
• مَشَى — to walk
• طَفِئَ — to be extinguished
• بَقِيَ — to remain
• نَادَى — to call
• فَتَنَ — to tempt
• تَرَبَّصَ — to wait
• اِرْتَابَ — to doubt
• زَادَ — to increase
• كَشَفَ — to reveal
• اِشْتَرَى — to buy
• رَبِحَ — to profit
• اِهْتَدَى — to be guided
• وَصَفَ — to describe
• رَغِبَ — to desire
• بَذَلَ — to spend
• جَعَلَ — to make
• خَسِرَ — to lose
• أَخَذَ — to take
• اِخْتَارَ — to choose
• حَصَلَ — to obtain
• ذَكَرَ — to mention
• مُسْتَهْزِئ — mocker
• طُغْيَان — transgression
• قَوْل — saying
• لِسَان — tongue
• قَلْب — heart
• مُؤْمِن — believer
• طَرِيقَة — path
• شَيْطَان — devil
• رَئِيس — leader
• كَبِير — chiefs
• شَرّ — evil
• حَقِيقَة — truth
• إِظْهَار — showing
• حَال — condition
• بَاطِن — inner
• ظَاهِر — outer
• مَكْر — deception
• سَيِّئ — bad
• أَهْل — people
• جَزَاء — recompense
• شَقَاء — misery
• حَالَة — condition
• خَبِيث — vile
• يَوْم — day
• قِيَامَة — resurrection
• نُور — lights
• مُنَافِق — hypocrite
• ظُلْمَة — darkness
• يَأْس — despair
• طَمَع — greed
• فُجُور — wickedness
• كُفْر — disbelief
• حَائِر — confused
• مُتَرَدِّد — hesitant
• ضَلَالَة — misguidance
• تِجَارَة — trade
• صِفَة — attribute, quality, characteristic
• رَغْبَة — desire
• مُشْتَرِي — buyer
• سِلْعَة — commodity
• ثَمَن — value
• صَلَاح — righteousness
• صَفْقَة — deal
• دِينَار — dinar
• مُقَابَلَة — exchange
• دِرْهَم — dirham (currency)
• خَاسِر — loser
• جَوْهَرَة — jewel
• سَعَادَة — happiness
• سَافِل — lowly
• أَمْر — matter
• عَالِي — high
• خَسَارَة — loss
• خُسْرَان — loss
• مُبِين — clear
• تَحْقِيق — confirmation
• هِدَايَة — guidance
• شَيْء — things
• وَصْف — quality
• قَبِيح — ugly
• مَثَل — example
• كَاشِف — revealing
• كَشْف — revelation