Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 1022

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفَهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ، يَكُونُونَ هُمُ الْخُلَفَاءَ فِيهَا الْمُتَصَرِّفِينَ فِي تَدْبِيرِهَا، وَأَنَّهُ يُمَكِّنُ لَهُمْ دِينَهُمُ الَّذِي ارْتَضَى لَهُمْ، وَهُوَ دِينُ الْإِسْلَامِ الَّذِي فَاقَ الْأَدْيَانَ كُلَّهَا ارْتَضَاهُ لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ، لِفَضْلِهَا وَشَرَفِهَا وَنِعْمَتِهِ عَلَيْهَا بِأَنْ يَتَمَكَّنُوا مِنْ إِقَامَتِهِ، وَإِقَامَةِ شَرَائِعِهِ الظَّاهِرَةِ وَالْبَاطِنَةِ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَفِي غَيْرِهِمْ، لِكَوْنِ غَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَدْيَانِ وَسَائِرِ الْكُفَّارِ مَغْلُوبِينَ ذَلِيلِينَ، وَأَنَّهُ يُبَدِّلُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ خَوْفِهِمُ الَّذِي كَانَ الْوَاحِدُ مِنْهُمْ لَا يَتَمَكَّنُ مِنْ إِظْهَارِ دِينِهِ، وَمَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا بِأَذًى كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَكَوْنِ جَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَلِيلِينَ جِدًّا بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى غَيْرِهِمْ، وَقَدْ رَمَاهُمُ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ عَنْ قَوْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، وَبَغَوْا لَهُمُ الْغَوَائِلَ.

(from previous page) ⟵ This is from His truthful promises, whose interpretation and outcome have been witnessed, for He promised those who believe and do righteous deeds from this nation that He would make them successors on earth, that they would be the rulers therein, managing its affairs, and that He would establish for them their religion which He has approved for them, which is the religion of Islam that surpasses all other religions. He approved it for this nation due to its virtue, honor, and His grace upon it, so that they may be able to establish it and its apparent and hidden laws within themselves and among others, because others from the people of religions and all other disbelievers are defeated and humiliated. And He will replace their fear, which made it impossible for any of them to openly practice their religion or what they believed in without much harm from the disbelievers, and when the Muslim community was very small compared to others, and the people of the earth targeted them from a single bow and sought to harm them, with security.

فَوَعَدَهُمُ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْأُمُورَ وَقْتَ نُزُولِ الْآيَةِ، وَهِيَ لَمْ تُشَاهِدِ الِاسْتِخْلَافَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَالتَّمْكِينَ فِيهَا، وَالتَّمْكِينَ مِنْ إِقَامَةِ الدِّينِ الْإِسْلَامِيِّ، وَالْأَمْنَ التَّامَّ بِحَيْثُ يَعْبُدُونَ اللَّهَ وَلَا يُشْرِكُونَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَخَافُونَ أَحَدًا إِلَّا اللَّهَ، فَقَامَ صَدْرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ بِمَا يَفُوقُونَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِمْ، فَمَكَّنَهُمْ مِنَ الْبِلَادِ وَالْعِبَادِ وَفُتِحَتْ مَشَارِقُ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبُهَا، وَحَصَلَ الْأَمْنُ التَّامُّ وَالتَّمْكِينُ التَّامُّ، فَهَذَا مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ الْعَجِيبَةِ الْبَاهِرَةِ، وَلَا يَزَالُ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى قِيَامِ السَّاعَةِ مَهْمَا قَامُوا بِالْإِيمَانِ وَالْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ، فَلَا بُدَّ أَنْ يُوجَدَ مَا وَعَدَهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَإِنَّمَا يُسَلِّطُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ وَالْمُنَافِقِينَ، وَيُدِيلُهُمْ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَحْيَانِ، بِسَبَبِ إِخْلَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَالْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ.

Allah promised them these things at the time the verse was revealed, even though they had not yet witnessed this succession on earth, this empowerment, this ability to establish the Islamic faith, or the complete security that would allow them to worship Allah without associating partners with Him or fearing anyone but Him. Yet, the early generation of this nation rose up with such faith and righteous deeds that they surpassed all others, and so He granted them authority over lands and people, opening the world from east to west. This complete security and empowerment were indeed among the wondrous and dazzling signs of Allah. This promise remains valid until the Day of Judgment; as long as they uphold faith and righteous deeds, what Allah promised must come to pass. If He allows the disbelievers and hypocrites to gain the upper hand at times, it is only because the Muslims have neglected their faith and righteous deeds.

{وَمَنْ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ التَّمْكِينِ وَالسَّلْطَنَةِ التَّامَّةِ لَكُمْ، يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا عَنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ، وَفَسَدُوا فَلَمْ يَصْلُحُوا لِصَالِحٍ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِمْ أَهْلِيَّةٌ لِلْخَيْرِ، لِأَنَّ الَّذِي يَتْرُكُ الْإِيمَانَ فِي حَالِ عِزِّهِ وَقَهْرِهِ، وَعَدَمِ وُجُودِ الْأَسْبَابِ الْمَانِعَةِ مِنْهُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى فَسَادِ نِيَّتِهِ وَخُبْثِ طَوِيَّتِهِ، لِأَنَّهُ لَا دَاعِيَ لَهُ لِتَرْكِ الدِّينِ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ.

Whoever disbelieves after this empowerment and complete authority has been granted to you, O community of Muslims, are the defiantly disobedient who have strayed from obedience to Allah. They have become corrupt and are no longer fit for any good, for they possess no capacity for righteousness. To abandon faith while it is in a state of might and dominance, and when there are no external forces preventing one from practicing it, reveals the corruption of one’s intentions and the malice of one’s heart, as there is no other reason to forsake the religion.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (42 verbs · 95 nouns)

• اِسْتَخْلَفَ — to appoint as successor
• كَانَ — to be
• تَصَرَّفَ — to manage
• أُمَّة — nation
• أَرْض — earth
• خَلِيفَة — successor