Syrian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 8 — Page 18

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

التَّطْبِيقُ: ١. أُوَظِّفُ الْأَفْعَالَ الْآتِيَةَ فِي إِنْشَاءِ جُمَلٍ مُفِيدَةٍ: (مَنَحَ – أَلْبَسَ – مَنَعَ).

Application: 1. Use the following verbs to create meaningful sentences: (granted – clothed – prevented).

٢. أَسْتَخْرِجُ الْأَفْعَالَ الْمُتَعَدِّيَةَ إِلَى مَفْعُولَيْنِ مِمَّا يَأْتِي، وَأَدُلُّ عَلَى مَفْعُولَيْ كُلٍّ مِنْهُمَا:

2. Identify the verbs that take two objects from the following list and specify the two objects for each:

- عَلَّمَ الْأَبُ ابْنَهُ الْأَدَبَ.

- The father taught his son etiquette.

- حَرَمَ الْحَنِينُ الْمُهَاجِرَ النَّوْمَ.

- Longing deprived the immigrant of sleep.

الْقَاعِدَةُ الْعَامَّةُ: الْأَفْعَالُ: أَعْطَى - مَنَحَ - وَهَبَ - حَبَا - كَسَا - سَأَلَ - مَنَعَ - حَرَمَ - سَلَبَ - سَقَى - أَلْبَسَ - عَلَّمَ... تَتَعَدَّى إِلَى مَفْعُولَيْنِ لَيْسَ أَصْلُهُمَا مُبْتَدَأً وَخَبَرًا.

General Rule: Verbs such as gave, granted, gifted, bestowed, clothed, asked, prevented, deprived, snatched, watered, dressed, and taught take two objects that do not originate from a subject and predicate.

مِثَالٌ مُعْرَبٌ: وَهَبَ الْوَطَنُ الشُّهَدَاءَ وِسَامَ الْعِزِّ وَالْفَخَارِ.

Parsed Example: The homeland bestowed upon the martyrs the medal of glory and pride.

وَهَبَ: فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى الْفَتْحِ الظَّاهِرِ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

Wahaba: A past tense verb, indeclinable on the fatha visible at its end.

الْوَطَنُ: فَاعِلٌ مَرْفُوعٌ وَعَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهِ الضَّمَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ.

Al-watan: The subject, nominative, marked by the visible damma.

الشُّهَدَاءَ: مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ أَوَّلُ مَنْصُوبٌ وَعَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهِ الْفَتْحَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

Ash-shuhada'a: The first direct object, accusative, marked by the visible fatha at its end.

وِسَامَ: مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ ثَانٍ مَنْصُوبٌ وَعَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهِ الْفَتْحَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

Wisama: The second direct object, accusative, marked by the visible fatha at its end.

الْعِزِّ: مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ مَجْرُورٌ وَعَلَامَةُ جَرِّهِ الْكَسْرَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

Al-'izzi: A genitive noun (mudaf ilayh), marked by the visible kasra at its end.

وَالْفَخَارِ: الْوَاوُ حَرْفُ عَطْفٍ، الْفَخَارُ: اسْمٌ مَعْطُوفٌ عَلَى الْعِزِّ مَجْرُورٌ مِثْلُهُ، وَعَلَامَةُ جَرِّهِ الْكَسْرَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

Wal-fakhar: The waw is a conjunction; Al-fakhar is a noun linked to Al-'izzi, genitive like it, marked by the visible kasra at its end.

التَّقْوِيمُ النِّهَائِيُّ: ١. أَمْلَأُ الْفَرَاغَ فِيمَا يَأْتِي بِالْفِعْلِ الْمُتَعَدِّي الْمُنَاسِبِ:

Final Evaluation: 1. Fill in the blanks below with the appropriate transitive verb:

... الْمَاءُ الْأَرْضَ حَيَاةً.

- Water gave the land life.

... الْأُسْتَاذُ الطَّالِبَ كِتَابًا.

- The professor gave the student a book.

... اللَّهُ عَقْلًا رَاجِحًا.

- God granted [him/someone] a sound mind.

٢. أُعْرِبُ مَا تَحْتَهُ خَطٌّ فِي الْبَيْتِ الْآتِي: أَعْطَى دِمَشْقَ نَصِيبًا مِنْ إِقَامَتِهِ وَمِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي بَيْرُوتَ فَانْتَصَفَا.

2. Parse the underlined words in the following verse: He gave Damascus a share of his stay, and the same in Beirut, so they were divided equally.

٣. أَتَحَدَّثُ أَمَامَ زُمَلَائِي بِبِضْعِ جُمَلٍ عَنْ أَهَمِّيَّةِ احْتِرَامِ قَانُونِ السَّيْرِ وَالسَّلَامَةِ الْمُرُورِيَّةِ، مُوَظِّفًا الْأَفْعَالَ الْمُتَعَدِّيَةَ إِلَى مَفْعُولَيْنِ لَيْسَ أَصْلُهُمَا مُبْتَدَأً وَخَبَرًا.

3. Speak before your classmates in a few sentences about the importance of respecting traffic laws and road safety, using verbs that take two objects that do not originate from a subject and predicate.

٤. أَكْتُبُ فَقْرَةً أُبَيِّنُ فِيهَا جَمَالَ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ مُوَظِّفًا الْأَفْعَالَ الَّتِي تَتَعَدَّى إِلَى مَفْعُولَيْنِ لَيْسَ أَصْلُهُمَا مُبْتَدَأً وَخَبَرًا.

4. Write a paragraph explaining the beauty of the Arabic language, using verbs that take two objects that do not originate from a subject and predicate.

Vocabulary · المفردات (24 verbs · 66 nouns)

• وَظَّفَ — to employ
• مَنَحَ — to grant
• أَلْبَسَ — to clothe
• مَنَعَ — to prevent
• اِسْتَخْرَجَ — to extract
• تَعَدَّى — to transit
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• عَلَّمَ — to teach
• حَرَمَ — to deprive
• أَعْطَى — to give
• وَهَبَ — to bestow
• حَبَا — to grant
• كَسَا — to clothe
• سَأَلَ — to ask
• سَلَبَ — to plunder
• سَقَى — to water
• أَعْرَبَ — to parse
• بَنَى — to build
• مَلَأَ — to fill
• قَالَ — to say
• تَحَدَّثَ — to speak
• كَتَبَ — to write
• بَيَّنَ — to clarify
• اِنْتَصَفَ — to reach the middle
• تَطْبِيق — application
• فِعْل — Form I (verb pattern)
• جُمْلَة — sentence
• مُفِيد — beneficial thing; useful person
• أَب — father
• ابْن — son
• أَدَب — literature
• حَنِين — longing
• مُهَاجِر — immigrant
• نَوْم — sleep
• قَاعِدَة — rule
• عَامّ — general
• مَفْعُول — object
• مُبْتَدَأ — subject
• خَبَر — predicate
• مِثَال — an example
• وَطَن — homeland
• شَهِيد — martyr
• وِسَام — medal
• عِزّ — glory
• فَخَار — pride
• فَتْح — opening
• ظَاهِر — apparent
• آخِر — end
• فَاعِل — subject
• مَرْفُوع — nominative
• عَلَامَة — sign
• رَفْع — raising
• ضَمَّة — damma (vowel mark)
• مَنْصُوب — accusative
• نَصْب — accusative
• مُضَاف — first term of idaafa
• جَرّ — genitive case
• كَسْرَة — kasra
• اسْم — noun
• مَعْطُوف — conjoined
• تَقْوِيم — evaluation
• نِهَائِيّ — final
• فَرَاغ — blank
• مَاء — water
• أَرْض — land
• حَيَاة — life
• أُسْتَاذ — professor
• طَالِب — student
• كِتَاب — book
• عَقْل — mind
• رَاجِح — sound
• خَطّ — line
• بَيْت — verse
• نَصِيب — share
• إِقَامَة — residence
• زَمِيل — colleague
• بِضْع — a few
• أَهَمِّيَّة — importance
• احْتِرَام — respect
• قَانُون — law
• سَيْر — traffic
• سَلَامَة — safety
• مُرُورِيّ — traffic-related
• فَقْرَة — paragraph
• جَمَال — beauty
• لُغَة — language
• عَرَبِيّ — Arabic
• أَصْل — origin
• مُنَاسِب — appropriate
• مُتَعَدِّيَة — a transitive verb (feminine); one that transgresses (feminine)