Syrian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 5, Semester 2 — Page 12

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَسْتَنْتِجُ: المَفْعُولُ بِهِ: اِسْمٌ مَنْصُوبٌ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَنْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الفِعْلُ، وَمِنْ عَلَامَاتِ إِعْرَابِهِ الفَتْحَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ.

Conclusion: The direct object is an accusative noun that indicates who or what received the action, and one of its declension markers is the visible fatha.

أَطَبِّقُ: أَسْتَخْرِجُ المَفْعُولَ بِهِ مِنَ الجُمْلَتَيْنِ الآتِيَتَيْنِ، وَأُعْرِبُهُ:

Application: Extract the direct object from the following two sentences and parse it:

- قَرَأَ مَازِنٌ كِتَاباً عَنْ حَضَارَةِ تَدْمُرَ.

- Mazin read a book about the civilization of Palmyra.

- تُعَدُّ الآثَارُ شَاهِداً عَلَى عَرَاقَةِ تَدْمُرَ.

- The antiquities represent the ancient heritage of Palmyra.

القَاعِدَةُ: ١. الفَاعِلُ: اِسْمٌ مَرْفُوعٌ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَنْ قَامَ بِالفِعْلِ وَمِنْ عَلَامَاتِ رَفْعِهِ الضَّمَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ.

Rule: 1. The subject: a nominative noun that indicates who performed the action, and one of its nominative markers is the visible damma.

٢. المَفْعُولُ بِهِ: اِسْمٌ مَنْصُوبٌ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَنْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الفِعْلُ، وَمِنْ عَلَامَاتِ نَصْبِهِ الفَتْحَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ.

2. The direct object: an accusative noun that indicates who or what received the action, and one of its accusative markers is the visible fatha.

مِثَالٌ مُعْرَبٌ: أَقَامَ التَّلَامِيذُ مَعْرِضاً عَنِ الآثَارِ.

Parsed example: The students held an exhibition about the antiquities.

- أَقَامَ: فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى الفَتْحَةِ الظَّاهِرَةِ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

- Aqama (held): A past tense verb marked with a visible fatha at its end.

- التَّلَامِيذُ: فَاعِلٌ مَرْفُوعٌ، وَعَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهِ الضَّمَّةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

- Al-talamidhu (the students): A nominative subject, marked by a visible damma at its end.

- مَعْرِضاً: مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ مَنْصُوبٌ وَعَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهِ الفَتْحَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ عَلَى آخِرِهِ.

- Ma'ridan (an exhibition): An accusative direct object, marked by a visible fatha at its end.

عَنِ: حَرْفُ جَرٍّ.

- 'Ani (about): A preposition.

الآثَارِ: اِسْمٌ مَجْرُورٌ بِحَرْفِ الجَرِّ، وَعَلَامَةُ جَرِّهِ الكَسْرَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ فِي آخِرِهِ.

- Al-athari (the antiquities): A noun governed by a preposition, marked by a visible kasra at its end.

التَّقْوِيمُ النِّهَائِيُّ: ١. أَضَعُ الأَفْعَالَ الآتِيَةَ فِي جُمَلٍ مِنْ إِنْشَائِي عَلَى أَنْ يَحْوِيَ كُلٌّ مِنْهَا فَاعِلاً وَمَفْعُولاً بِهِ:

Final Assessment: 1. Use the following verbs in sentences of your own, ensuring each includes a subject and a direct object:

- غَادَرَ - اِخْتَارَ - قَابَلَ - جَهَّزَ.

- Depart - Choose - Meet - Prepare.

٢. أُعْرِبُ مَا تَحْتَهُ خَطٌّ مِمَّا يَأْتِي:

2. Parse the underlined words in the following:

- تَرْوِي تَدْمُرُ قِصَصَ الشُّمُوخِ.

- Palmyra tells stories of pride.

- زَارَ التَّلَامِيذُ مُتْحَفَ تَدْمُرَ.

- The students visited the Palmyra Museum.

٣. أَصِفُ أَمَامَ زُمَلَائِي مَكَاناً أَعْجَبَنِي مُسْتَعْمِلاً الفَاعِلَ وَالمَفْعُولَ بِهِ.

3. Describe a place you like to your classmates, using a subject and a direct object.

٤. أَكْتُبُ فَقْرَةً مِنْ عَشْرِ كَلِمَاتٍ عَنْ مُحْتَوَيَاتِ حَقِيبَتِي مُسْتَعْمِلاً الفَاعِلَ وَالمَفْعُولَ بِهِ.

4. Write a ten-word paragraph about the contents of your bag, using a subject and a direct object.

Vocabulary · المفردات (22 verbs · 31 nouns)

• اِسْتَنْتَجَ — to conclude
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• وَقَعَ — to fall
• أَعْرَبَ — to parse
• طَبَّقَ — to apply
• اِسْتَخْرَجَ — to extract
• قَرَأَ — to read
• عَدَّ — to count
• قَامَ — to stand
• أَقَامَ — to establish
• وَضَعَ — to place
• حَوَى — to contain
• غَادَرَ — to leave
• اِخْتَارَ — to choose
• قَابَلَ — to meet
• جَهَّزَ — to prepare
• رَوَى — to narrate
• زَارَ — to visit
• وَصَفَ — to describe
• أَعْجَبَ — to please
• اِسْتَعْمَلَ — to use
• كَتَبَ — to write
• مَفْعُولٌ — object
• اِسْمٌ — noun
• فِعْلٌ — Form I (verb pattern)
• عَلَامَةٌ — sign
• فَتْحَةٌ — fatha
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• كِتَابٌ — book
• حَضَارَةٌ — civilization
• آثَارٌ — antiquities
• شَاهِدٌ — witness
• عَرَاقَةٌ — authenticity
• قَاعِدَةٌ — rule
• فَاعِلٌ — subject
• ضَمَّةٌ — damma (vowel mark)
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• تِلْمِيذٌ — student
• مَعْرِضٌ — exhibition
• حَرْفٌ — preposition
• جَرٌّ — genitive case
• كَسْرَةٌ — kasra
• تَقْوِيمٌ — evaluation
• إِنْشَاءٌ — composition
• قِصَّةٌ — story
• شُمُوخٌ — pride
• مُتْحَفٌ — museum
• مَكَانٌ — place, location, site
• زَمِيلٌ — colleague
• فَقْرَةٌ — paragraph
• كَلِمَةٌ — a word (grammatical term)
• مُحْتَوَيَاتٌ — contents
• حَقِيبَةٌ — bag