Syrian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 5, Semester 1 — Page 10

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

إِمْلَاءٌ: الْهَمْزَةُ الْأَوَّلِيَّةُ.

Dictation: The Initial Hamza.

أَقْرَأُ الْمِثَالَيْنِ الْآتِيَيْنِ، ثُمَّ أُنَفِّذُ الْأَنْشِطَةَ:

Read the following two examples, then complete the activities:

أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُسَافِرَ عَلَى أَمْوَاجِكَ رَاجِيًا إِكْرَامِي بِصَيْدٍ وَفِيرٍ.

I want to travel upon your waves, hoping you will grace me with an abundant catch.

يَا صَدِيقِيَ الْبَحْرُ: تَكَرَّمْ وَامْنَحْنِي سَمَكَةً ذَهَبِيَّةً.

O my friend the sea, be generous and grant me a golden fish.

أُلَاحِظُ أَنَّ الْكَلِمَاتِ الْمُلَوَّنَةَ بَدَأَتْ بِهَمْزَةٍ، فَمَاذَا نُسَمِّي هَذَا النَّوْعَ مِنَ الْهَمَزَاتِ؟

I notice that the colored words begin with a Hamza; what do we call this type of Hamza?

أَقْرَأُ الْجُمْلَةَ الْأُولَى، وَأُلَاحِظُ أَنَّ الْهَمْزَةَ الْأَوَّلِيَّةَ فِي الْكَلِمَاتِ (أُرِيدُ – أَنْ – أُسَافِرُ – إِكْرَامِي) كُتِبَتْ فَوْقَ الْأَلِفِ أَوْ تَحْتَهَا وَلُفِظَتْ، فَمَاذَا أُسَمِّي هَذَا النَّوْعَ مِنَ الْهَمْزَةِ الْأَوَّلِيَّةِ؟

Read the first sentence and note that the initial Hamza in the words (uridu – an – usafiru – ikrami) is written above or below the Alif and is pronounced. What do we call this type of initial Hamza?

أَقْرَأُ الْجُمْلَةَ الْأُولَى، وَأُلَاحِظُ أَنَّ الْهَمْزَةَ الْأَوَّلِيَّةَ فِي كَلِمَةِ (امْنَحْنِي) كُتِبَتْ أَلِفًا وَلَمْ تُلْفَظْ، فَمَاذَا أُسَمِّي هَذَا النَّوْعَ مِنَ الْهَمْزَةِ الْأَوَّلِيَّةِ؟

Read the first sentence and note that the initial Hamza in the word (imnahni) is written as an Alif but is not pronounced. What do we call this type of initial Hamza?

أَسْتَنْتِجُ: تُسَمَّى الْهَمْزَةُ الَّتِي تَأْتِي فِي أَوَّلِ الْكَلِمَةِ هَمْزَةً أَوَّلِيَّةً، وَهِيَ نَوْعَانِ:

Conclusion: A Hamza that appears at the beginning of a word is called an initial Hamza, and it comes in two types:

هَمْزَةُ الْقَطْعِ: تُكْتَبُ وَتُلْفَظُ، وَتَأْتِي فَوْقَ الْأَلِفِ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَفْتُوحَةً أَوْ مَضْمُومَةً، وَتَأْتِي تَحْتَ الْأَلِفِ إِذَا كَانَتْ مَكْسُورَةً.

Hamzat al-Qat': It is written and pronounced; it is placed above the Alif if it has a fatha or damma, and below the Alif if it has a kasra.

هَمْزَةُ الْوَصْلِ: تُكْتَبُ أَلِفًا وَتُلْفَظُ فِي أَوَّلِ الْكَلَامِ، وَلَا تُلفَظُ فِي أَثْنَائِهِ.

Hamzat al-Wasl: It is written as an Alif and is pronounced at the start of a sentence, but is silent when it appears in the middle of speech.

أَدُلُّ عَلَى الْكَلِمَاتِ الَّتِي تَبْدَأُ بِهَمْزَةٍ أَوَّلِيَّةٍ، وَأُسَمِّي نَوْعَ الْهَمْزَةِ فِي كُلٍّ مِنْهَا:

Identify the words that begin with an initial Hamza and name the type of Hamza for each:

أَرْغَبُ فِي اقْتِنَاءِ كُتُبٍ كَثِيرَةٍ قَنَاعَةً مِنِّي بِأَهَمِّيَّتِهَا وَإِسْهَامِهَا فِي تَنْمِيَةِ ثَقَافَتِي.

I desire to acquire many books, convinced of their importance and their contribution to my cultural development.

التَّقْوِيمُ النِّهَائِيُّ: أَقْرَأُ الْفِقْرَةَ الْآتِيَةَ، ثُمَّ أَمْلَأُ الْجَدْوَلَ بِمَا يُنَاسِبُهُ:

Final Evaluation: Read the following paragraph, then fill in the table as appropriate:

قَالَ لِي أَبِي: انْظُرْ إِلَى أَعْمَالِ الْآخَرِينَ، وَاسْتَفِدْ مِنْ إِنْجَازِهِمْ، وَأَخْطَائِهِمْ، وَاحْرِصْ عَلَى الْإِفَادَةِ مِنَ الْإِنْجَازِ وَتَجَنُّبِ الْأَخْطَاءِ.

My father said to me, "Look at the work of others, learn from their achievements and their mistakes, and be sure to benefit from the former while avoiding the latter."

هَمْزَةُ الْقَطْعِ، مَوْقِعُهَا بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى الْأَلِفِ، السَّبَبُ، هَمْزَةُ الْوَصْلِ.

Hamzat al-Qat', its position relative to the Alif, the reason, Hamzat al-Wasl.

أَذْكُرُ كَلِمَةً تَبْدَأُ بِهَمْزَةِ قَطْعٍ وَكَلِمَةً تَبْدَأُ بِهَمْزَةِ وَصْلٍ، ثُمَّ أَضَعُ كُلًّا مِنْهُمَا فِي جُمْلَةٍ مُفِيدَةٍ.

Provide one word that begins with Hamzat al-Qat' and one that begins with Hamzat al-Wasl, then use each in a complete sentence.

Vocabulary · المفردات (20 verbs · 48 nouns)

• أَرَادَ — to want
• سَافَرَ — to travel
• تَكَرَّمَ — to be generous
• مَنَحَ — to grant
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• سَمَّى — to name
• لَفَظَ — to pronounce
• اسْتَنْتَجَ — to conclude
• أَتَى — to come
• كَتَبَ — to write
• رَغِبَ — to desire
• مَلَأَ — to fill
• نَاسَبَ — to suit
• قَالَ — to say
• نَظَرَ — to look
• اسْتَفَادَ — to benefit
• حَرَصَ — to be keen
• تَجَنَّبَ — to avoid
• ذَكَرَ — to mention
• وَضَعَ — to place
• إِمْلَاء — dictation
• هَمْزَة — final (hamza)
• أَوَّلِيّ — initial
• مِثَال — an example
• نَشَاط — activity
• مَوْج — wave
• إِكْرَام — honor
• صَيْد — hunting
• وَفِير — abundant
• صَدِيق — friend
• بَحْر — meter, sea
• سَمَكَة — fish
• ذَهَبِيّ — golden
• كَلِمَة — a word (grammatical term)
• مُلَوَّن — colored
• نَوْع — type
• جُمْلَة — sentence
• أَلِف — alif
• قَطْع — cutting
• مَفْتُوح — open
• مَضْمُوم — with damma
• مَكْسُور — kasra-marked
• وَصْل — connection
• كَلَام — speech
• أَثْنَاء — during
• اقْتِنَاء — acquisition
• كِتَاب — book
• كَثِير — many
• قَنَاعَة — conviction
• أَهَمِّيَّة — importance
• إِسْهَام — contribution
• تَنْمِيَة — development
• ثَقَافَة — culture
• تَقْوِيم — evaluation
• نِهَائِيّ — final
• فِقْرَة — item/paragraph
• جَدْوَل — table
• مُنَاسِب — suitable
• أَب — father
• عَمَل — work
• آخَر — other
• إِنْجَاز — achievement
• خَطَأ — mistake
• إِفَادَة — benefit
• مَوْقِع — position
• نِسْبَة — relation
• سَبَب — reason
• مُفِيد — beneficial thing