Sharh Thalathat al-Usul by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح ثلاثة الأصول) — Page 19

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

فَالْيَهُودُ مُسْلِمُونَ فِي زَمَنِ مُوسَى، وَالنَّصَارَى مُسْلِمُونَ فِي زَمَنِ عِيسَى،

The Jews were Muslims in the time of Moses, and the Christians were Muslims in the time of Jesus.

وَأَمَّا حِينَ بُعِثَ النَّبِيُّ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ فَكَفَرُوا بِهِ فَلَيْسُوا بِمُسْلِمِينَ.

When the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was sent, however, those who disbelieved in him ceased to be Muslims.

وَهَذَا الدِّينُ الْإِسْلَامِيُّ هُوَ الدِّينُ الْمَقْبُولُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ النَّافِعُ لِصَاحِبِهِ،

This Islamic faith is the only religion accepted by Allah and beneficial to those who follow it.

﴿إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِندَ اللَّهِ الْإِسْلَامُ﴾،

Indeed, the only religion in the sight of Allah is Islam.

﴿وَمَن يَبْتَغِ غَيْرَ الْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا فَلَن يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ﴾،

And whoever desires other than Islam as religion - never will it be accepted from him, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers.

وَهَذَا الْإِسْلَامُ هُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ الَّذِي امْتَنَّ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَأُمَّتِهِ،

This is the Islam that Allah bestowed as a grace upon Muhammad and his community.

﴿الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الْإِسْلَامَ دِينًا﴾.

Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you, and chosen Islam as your religion.

قَوْلُهُ بِالْأَدِلَّةِ جَمْعُ دَلِيلٍ وَهُوَ مَا يُرْشِدُ إِلَى الْمَطْلُوبِ،

The term evidences is the plural of evidence, which refers to anything that guides one toward a desired goal.

وَالْأَدِلَّةُ عَلَى مَعْرِفَةِ ذَلِكَ سَمْعِيَّةٌ، وَعَقْلِيَّةٌ،

These evidences for such knowledge are either scriptural or rational.

فَالسَّمْعِيَّةُ مَا ثَبَتَ بِالْوَحْيِ وَهُوَ الْكِتَابُ وَالسُّنَّةُ،

Scriptural evidences are those established through revelation, namely the Book and the Sunnah.

وَالْعَقْلِيَّةُ مَا ثَبَتَ بِالنَّظَرِ وَالتَّأَمُّلِ،

Rational evidences are those established through observation and contemplation.

وَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ ذِكْرِ هَذَا النَّوْعِ فِي كِتَابِهِ

Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, frequently mentions this type in His Book.

فَكَمْ مِنْ آيَةٍ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا

Many verses contain the phrase, 'And of His signs is such and such.'

وَهَكَذَا يَكُونُ سِيَاقُ الْأَدِلَّةِ الْعَقْلِيَّةِ الدَّالَّةِ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.

This is the context for rational evidences that point to Allah the Exalted.

وَأَمَّا مَعْرِفَةُ النَّبِيِّ بِالْأَدِلَّةِ السَّمْعِيَّةِ فَمِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ﴾

Knowing the Prophet through scriptural evidence is exemplified by His saying, 'Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; and those with him...'

وَقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ﴾.

And His saying, 'Muhammad is not but a messenger. Messengers have passed on before him.'

بِالْأَدِلَّةِ الْعَقْلِيَّةِ بِالنَّظَرِ وَالتَّأَمُّلِ فِيمَا أَتَى بِهِ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ الْبَيِّنَاتِ

Rational evidence involves observing and contemplating the clear signs he brought.

الَّتِي أَعْظَمُهَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْمُشْتَمِلُ عَلَى الْأَخْبَارِ الصَّادِقَةِ النَّافِعَةِ وَالْأَحْكَامِ الْمُصْلِحَةِ الْعَادِلَةِ،

The greatest of these is the Book of Allah, which contains truthful, beneficial reports and just, reformative laws.

وَمَا جَرَى عَلَى يَدَيْهِ مِنْ خَوَارِقِ الْعَادَاتِ،

Also included are the miraculous events that occurred at his hands.

وَمَا أَخْبَرَ بِهِ مِنْ أُمُورِ الْغَيْبِ الَّتِي لَا تَصْدُرُ إِلَّا عَنْ وَحْيٍ وَالَّتِي صَدَّقَهَا مَا وَقَعَ مِنْهَا.

Finally, there are his accounts of unseen matters, which could only come from revelation, verified by the events that subsequently confirmed them.

Vocabulary · المفردات (21 verbs · 47 nouns)

• بَعَثَ — to send
• كَفَرَ — to disbelieve
• قَالَ — to say
• عَزَّ — to be mighty
• جَلَّ — to be majestic
• ابْتَغَى — to seek
• قَبِلَ — to accept
• امْتَنَّ — to bestow favor
• أَكْمَلَ — to complete
• أَتَمَّ — to perfect
• رَضِيَ — to be pleased
• أَرْشَدَ — to guide
• ثَبَتَ — to be established
• أَكْثَرَ — to increase
• خَلَا — to pass away
• أَتَى — to come
• جَرَى — to happen
• أَخْبَرَ — to inform
• صَدَرَ — to issue
• صَدَّقَ — to verify
• وَقَعَ — to occur
• يَهُودِيّ — Jew
• مُسْلِم — Muslim
• زَمَن — time
• نَصْرَانِيّ — Christian
• حِين — time
• نَبِيّ — prophet
• دِين — religion
• إِسْلَامِيّ — Islamic
• مَقْبُول — accepted
• نَافِع — beneficial
• صَاحِب — companion
• آخِرَة — hereafter
• خَاسِر — loser
• أُمَّة — nation
• يَوْم — day
• نِعْمَة — blessing
• قَوْل — saying
• دَلِيل — evidence
• مَطْلُوب — sought
• مَعْرِفَة — knowledge
• سَمْعِيّ — traditional/revealed
• عَقْلِيّ — rational
• وَحْي — revelation
• كِتَاب — book
• سُنَّة — tradition
• نَظَر — reflection/reasoning
• تَأَمُّل — contemplation
• نَوْع — type
• آيَة — verse
• سِيَاق — context
• دَالّ — indicative
• مِثْل — example
• رَسُول — messenger
• قَبْل — before it
• بَيِّنَة — clear proof
• أَعْظَم — greatest
• مُشْتَمِل — comprehensive
• أَخْبَار — news
• صَادِق — truthful
• أَحْكَام — rulings
• مُصْلِح — reforming
• عَادِل — just
• يَد — hand
• خَارِق — miracle
• عَادَة — habit
• أَمْر — matter
• غَيْب — unseen