Sharh Thalathat al-Usul by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح ثلاثة الأصول) — Page 17

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

رَحِمَكَ اللهُ أَنَّهُ يَجِبُ عَلَيْنَا تَعَلُّمُ أَرْبَعِ مَسَائِلَ؛ الْأُولَى: الْعِلْمُ.

May Allah have mercy on you, it is incumbent upon us to learn four issues; the first is knowledge.

وَهُوَ: مَعْرِفَةُ اللهِ.

And it is: the knowledge of Allah.

فَالضَّرُورِيُّ مَا يَكُونُ إِدْرَاكُ الْمَعْلُومِ فِيهِ ضَرُورِيًّا بِحَيْثُ يَضْطَرُّ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ غَيْرِ نَظَرٍ وَلَا اسْتِدْلَالٍ كَالْعِلْمِ بِأَنَّ النَّارَ حَارَّةٌ مَثَلًا.

The necessary (knowledge) is that in which the perception of the known is necessary, such that one is compelled to it without reflection or deduction, like the knowledge that fire is hot, for example.

وَالنَّظَرِيُّ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى نَظَرٍ وَاسْتِدْلَالٍ كَالْعِلْمِ بِوُجُوبِ النِّيَّةِ فِي الْوُضُوءِ.

And the theoretical (knowledge) is that which requires reflection and deduction, like the knowledge of the obligation of intention in ablution.

رَحِمَكَ اللهُ أَفَاضَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ الَّتِي تَحْصُلُ بِهَا عَلَى مَطْلُوبِكَ وَتَنْجُو مِنْ مَحْذُورِكَ، فَالْمَعْنَى غَفَرَ اللهُ لَكَ مَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِكَ، وَوَفَّقَكَ وَعَصَمَكَ فِيمَا يَسْتَقْبِلُ مِنْهَا هَذَا إِذَا أُفْرِدَتِ الرَّحْمَةُ، أَمَّا إِذَا قُرِنَتْ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ فَالْمَغْفِرَةُ لِمَا مَضَى مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَالرَّحْمَةُ وَالتَّوْفِيقُ لِلْخَيْرِ وَالسَّلَامَةُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ فِي الْمُسْتَقْبَلِ.

May Allah have mercy on you means may He bestow upon you from His mercy through which you attain what you seek and are saved from what you fear; the meaning is that Allah forgives your past sins, grants you success, and protects you from them in the future, this is if mercy is mentioned alone, but if it is coupled with forgiveness, then forgiveness is for past sins, and mercy is success in doing good and safety from sins in the future.

وَصَنِيعُ الْمُؤَلِّفِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى يَدُلُّ عَلَى عِنَايَتِهِ وَشَفَقَتِهِ بِالْمُخَاطَبِ وَقَصْدِ الْخَيْرِ لَهُ.

The conduct of the author, may Allah the Exalted have mercy on him, indicates his care and compassion for the addressee and his intention of good for him.

هَذِهِ الْمَسَائِلُ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا الْمُؤَلِّفُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى تَشْمَلُ الدِّينَ كُلَّهُ فَهِيَ جَدِيرَةٌ بِالْعِنَايَةِ لِعِظَمِ نَفْعِهَا.

These issues which the author, may Allah the Exalted have mercy on him, mentioned encompass the entire religion, so they are worthy of attention due to their immense benefit.

أَيْ مَعْرِفَةُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِالْقَلْبِ مَعْرِفَةٌ تَسْتَلْزِمُ قَبُولَ مَا شَرَعَهُ وَالْإِذْعَانَ وَالِانْقِيَادَ لَهُ وَتَحْكِيمَ شَرِيعَتِهِ الَّتِي جَاءَ بِهَا رَسُولُهُ مُحَمَّدٌ، وَيَتَعَرَّفُ الْعَبْدُ عَلَى رَبِّهِ بِالنَّظَرِ فِي الْآيَاتِ الشَّرْعِيَّةِ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ، وَالنَّظَرُ فِي الْآيَاتِ الْكَوْنِيَّةِ الَّتِي هِيَ الْمَخْلُوقَاتُ، فَإِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ كُلَّمَا نَظَرَ فِي تِلْكَ الْآيَاتِ ازْدَادَ عِلْمًا بِخَالِقِهِ وَمَعْبُودِهِ

Meaning the knowledge of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, with the heart is a knowledge that necessitates accepting what He has legislated, submission and obedience to Him, and judging by His law which His Messenger Muhammad brought, and the servant comes to know his Lord by reflecting on the legal signs in the Book of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, and the Sunnah of His Messenger, and by reflecting on the cosmic signs which are the created beings, for whenever a human reflects on those signs, he increases in knowledge of his Creator and his Object of worship.

قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: ﴿ وَفِي الْأَرْضِ آيَاتٌ لِّلْمُوقِنِينَ * وَفِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ

Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, said: 'And on the earth are signs for the certain [in faith], and in yourselves. Then will you not see?'

Vocabulary · المفردات (22 verbs · 56 nouns)

• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• وَجَبَ — to be necessary
• كَانَ — to be
• اضْطَرَّ — to be compelled
• احْتَاجَ — to need
• أَفَاضَ — to bestow
• حَصَلَ — to obtain
• نَجَا — to be saved
• غَفَرَ — to forgive
• مَضَى — to pass
• وَفَّقَ — to grant success
• عَصَمَ — to protect
• اسْتَقْبَلَ — to happen in future
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• شَمِلَ — to include
• اسْتَلْزَمَ — to necessitate
• شَرَعَ — to legislate
• جَاءَ — to come
• تَعَرَّفَ — to get to know
• ازْدَادَ — to increase
• قَالَ — to say
• بَصُرَ — to see
• مَسْأَلَة — issue
• عِلْم — knowledge
• مَعْرِفَة — recognition
• ضَرُورِيّ — necessary thing
• إِدْرَاك — perception
• مَعْلُوم — known
• نَظَر — contemplation
• اسْتِدْلَال — inference
• نَار — fire
• حَارّ — hot thing
• مَثَل — example
• نَظَرِيّ — theoretical thing
• وُجُوب — obligation
• نِيَّة — intention
• وُضُوء — ablution
• رَحْمَة — mercy
• مَطْلُوب — desired thing
• مَحْذُور — feared thing
• مَعْنَى — meaning
• ذَنْب — sin
• مَغْفِرَة — forgiveness
• تَوْفِيق — success
• خَيْر — good
• سَلَامَة — safety
• مُسْتَقْبَل — future
• صَنِيع — deed
• مُؤَلِّف — author
• عِنَايَة — care
• شَفَقَة — compassion
• مُخَاطَب — addressee
• قَصْد — intention
• دِين — religion
• جَدِير — worthy
• عِظَم — greatness
• نَفْع — benefit
• قَلْب — heart
• قَبُول — acceptance
• إِذْعَان — submission
• انْقِيَاد — compliance
• تَحْكِيم — arbitration
• شَرِيعَة — law
• رَسُول — messenger
• عَبْد — servant
• رَبّ — Lord
• آيَة — sign
• شَرْعِيّ — legal
• كِتَاب — book
• سُنَّة — tradition
• كَوْنِيّ — cosmic
• مَخْلُوق — creature
• إِنْسَان — human
• خَالِق — creator
• مَعْبُود — worshipped one
• أَرْض — earth
• مُوقِن — certain
• نَفْس — self