Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 4 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 8

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

شَرْحُ رِيَاضِ الصَّالِحِينَ مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

Commentary on Riyadh as-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

الثَّانِي: جِهَادُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ: وَجِهَادُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ مِنْ أَصْعَبِ مَا يَكُونُ أَيْضًا؛ لِأَنَّ الْمُنَافِقَ عَدُوٌّ خَفِيٌّ، بَلْ هُوَ الْعَدُوُّ حَقِيقَةً، وَانْظُرْ إِلَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: ﴿هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ﴾ [الْمُنَافِقُونَ: ٤].

Second: Jihad against the hypocrites. This is among the most difficult forms of struggle because the hypocrite is a hidden enemy; in truth, he is the enemy. Consider the words of Allah, Blessed and Exalted be He: 'They are the enemy, so beware of them. May Allah destroy them; how are they deluded?' [Al-Munafiqun: 4].

كَلِمَةُ ﴿هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ﴾ هَذِهِ جُمْلَةٌ خَبَرِيَّةٌ، طَرَفَا إِسْنَادِهَا مَعْرِفَةٌ فَتُفِيدُ الْحَصْرَ، كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا عَدُوَّ لَكَ إِلَّا الْمُنَافِقُ، الْمُنَافِقُ - وَالْعِيَاذُ بِاللَّهِ - هُوَ بَيْنَنَا، يُصَلِّي وَيَتَصَدَّقُ، وَيَصُومُ، وَيَدَّعِي أَنَّهُ مِنَّا، لَكِنَّهُ جَاسُوسٌ عَلَيْنَا ﴿وَإِذَا لَقُوا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْا إِلَى شَيَاطِينِهِمْ قَالُوا إِنَّا مَعَكُمْ إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ مُسْتَهْزِئُونَ﴾ [الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٤].

The phrase 'They are the enemy' is a declarative sentence. Because both parts of the predication are definite, it implies exclusivity, as if He were saying: 'You have no enemy except the hypocrite.' The hypocrite—may Allah protect us—is among us. He prays, gives charity, fasts, and claims to be one of us, yet he is a spy in our midst: 'When they meet those who believe, they say, "We believe," but when they are alone with their devils, they say, "Indeed, we are with you; we were only mocking."' [Al-Baqarah: 14].

رُبَّمَا يَأْتِي إِلَى أَحَدِ طَلَبَةِ الْعِلْمِ، وَيُصَاحِبُهُ وَيُظْهِرُ لَهُ الْمَحَبَّةَ وَالْمَوَدَّةَ، فَإِذَا قَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ إِذَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ، لِمَاذَا أَنْتَ مُلَازِمُهُ؟! يَقُولُ: أَسْخَرُ بِهِ، وَهَذَا كَمَا أَنَّهُ مَوْجُودٌ فِي عَهْدِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ مَوْجُودٌ فِي عَهْدِنَا الْآنَ، فَهَذَا جِهَادُ الْمُنَافِقِ بِهَذَا يَكُونُ؟!

A hypocrite might approach a student of knowledge, accompany him, and feign love and affection. If his friends ask him later, 'Why are you sticking with him?', he replies, 'I am mocking him.' Just as this existed in the time of the Messenger (peace be upon him), it exists in our own time. Is this how one carries out Jihad against a hypocrite?

الْمُنَافِقُ لَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ تَسُلَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّيْفَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلِهَذَا لَمَّا اسْتُؤْذِنَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي قَتْلِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ أَبَى أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُمْ، وَقَالَ: «لَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَهُ» (١) فَهُمْ أَصْحَابٌ مُسْلِمُونَ فِي الظَّاهِرِ، فَلَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ نَسُلَّ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّيْفَ، لَكِنْ بِمَاذَا أُجَاهِدُهُ؟!

One cannot draw a sword against a hypocrite because he claims to be a believer. For this reason, when the Prophet (peace be upon him) was asked for permission to kill the hypocrites, he refused, saying: 'Let not the people say that Muhammad kills his companions' (1). They are companions who appear Muslim, so we cannot draw the sword against them. How, then, do I perform Jihad against him?

جِهَادُهُ بِالْعِلْمِ وَالْمُنَاظَرَةِ، وَتَحْذِيرُهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَبْقَى عَلَى النِّفَاقِ، وَلَا تَيْأَسْ وَلَا تَقُلْ: هَذَا مُنَافِقٌ، فَلَقَدْ تَابَ أُنَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي عَهْدِ الرَّسُولِ، كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَخُوضُ وَنَلْعَبُ﴾ [التَّوْبَةِ: ٦٥] مَنْ هُمْ؟ الْمُنَافِقُونَ

His Jihad is through knowledge, debate, and warning him against persisting in hypocrisy. Do not despair or dismiss him by saying, 'This is a hypocrite,' for some hypocrites repented during the time of the Messenger, as Allah the Exalted said: 'If you ask them, they will surely say, "We were only conversing and playing."' [At-Tawbah: 65]. Who are they? The hypocrites.

﴿قُلْ أَبِاللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ وَرَسُولِهِ كُنتُمْ تَسْتَهْزِئُونَ * لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا قَدْ كَفَرْتُم بَعْدَ إِيمَانِكُمْ إِن نَّعْفُ عَن طَائِفَةٍ مِّنكُمْ نُعَذِّبْ طَائِفَةً بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مُجْرِمِينَ﴾ [التَّوْبَةِ: ٦٥-٦٦]. (١)

Make no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief. If We pardon one faction of you - We will punish another faction because they were criminals.

أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ كِتَابُ تَفْسِيرِ الْقُرْآنِ بَابُ قَوْلِهِ: ﴿سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَسْتَغْفَرْتَ لَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ﴾، رَقْمُ (٤٩٠٥)، وَمُسْلِمٌ: كِتَابُ الْبِرِّ وَالصِّلَةِ وَالْآدَابِ، بَابُ نَصْرِ الْأَخِ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا، رَقْمُ

Al-Bukhari extracted it in the Book of Tafsir of the Qur'an, Chapter: His saying: "It is the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them," number (4905), and Muslim: Book of Righteousness, Kinship, and Manners, Chapter: Supporting a brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed, number (2584). And when is forgiveness? ⟶ (sentence continues on next page)

Vocabulary · المفردات (40 verbs · 40 nouns)

• شَرَحَ — to explain
• صَلَّى — to pray
• كَانَ — to be
• نَظَرَ — to look
• تَبَارَكَ — to be blessed
• تَعَالَى — to be exalted
• حَذِرَ — to beware
• قَتَلَ — to kill
• أَفَكَ — to lie
• أَفَادَ — to benefit
• قَالَ — to say
• صَامَ — to fast
• ادَّعَى — to claim
• لَقِيَ — to meet
• آمَنَ — to believe
• خَلَا — to be alone
• اسْتَهْزَأَ — to mock
• أَتَى — to come
• صَاحَبَ — to accompany
• أَظْهَرَ — to show
• ذَهَبَ — to go
• لَازَمَ — to accompany
• سَخِرَ — to mock
• وَجَدَ — to find
• سَلَّ — to draw
• زَعَمَ — to claim
• أَذِنَ — to permit
• أَبَى — to refuse
• تَحَدَّثَ — to speak
• جَاهَدَ — to struggle
• بَقِيَ — to remain
• يَئِسَ — to despair
• تَابَ — to repent
• سَأَلَ — to ask
• خَاضَ — to delve
• لَعِبَ — to play
• اِعْتَذَرَ — to apologize
• كَفَرَ — to disbelieve
• عَفَا — to forgive
• عَذَّبَ — to punish
• رِيَاضٌ — gardens
• صَالِحٌ — righteous person
• كَلَامٌ — speech
• سَيِّدٌ — master
• مُرْسَلٌ — messenger
• جِهَادٌ — struggle
• مُنَافِقٌ — hypocrite
• عَدُوٌّ — enemy
• خَفِيٌّ — hidden
• حَقِيقَةٌ — truth
• قَوْلٌ — saying
• كَلِمَةٌ — word
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• خَبَرِيَّةٌ — declarative
• طَرَفٌ — side
• إِسْنَادٌ — attribution
• مَعْرِفَةٌ — definite
• حَصْرٌ — restriction
• عِيَاذٌ — refuge
• جَاسُوسٌ — spy
• طَالِبٌ — student
• عِلْمٌ — knowledge
• مَحَبَّةٌ — love
• مَوَدَّةٌ — affection
• صَاحِب — companions
• عَهْدٌ — era
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• سَيْفٌ — sword
• مُؤْمِنٌ — believer
• نَبِيٌّ — prophet
• قَتْلٌ — killing
• مُسْلِمٌ — muslim
• ظَاهِرٌ — outward
• مُنَاظَرَةٌ — debate
• نِفَاقٌ — hypocrisy
• أُنَاسٌ — people
• آيَةٌ — sign
• إِيمَانٌ — faith
• طَائِفَةٌ — group
• مُجْرِمٌ — criminal