Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 4 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 9

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَمَتَى يَكُونُ الْعَفْوُ؟

(from previous page) ⟵ Al-Bukhari extracted it in the Book of Tafsir of the Qur'an, Chapter: His saying: "It is the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them," number (4905), and Muslim: Book of Righteousness, Kinship, and Manners, Chapter: Supporting a brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed, number (2584). And when is forgiveness?

بِالْإِيمَانِ، بِالتَّوْبَةِ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ، فَاللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى قَدْ يَمُنُّ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِ وَيَتُوبُ، فَلَا تَيْأَسْ، جَاهِدْهُ بِالْعِلْمِ وَالْبَيَانِ وَالنُّصْحِ، وَالْإِرْشَادِ، وَحَذِّرْهُ مِنَ الْعُقُوبَةِ، هَذَا جِهَادُ الْمُنَافِقِ.

Through faith, through repentance from hypocrisy, for Allah, glory be to Him and Exalted, may bestow upon the hypocrite and accept his repentance, so do not despair; struggle against him with knowledge, clarification, advice, and guidance, and warn him of the punishment; this is the struggle against the hypocrite.

أَمَّا جِهَادُ الْكَافِرِ الْمُحَارِبِ: فَهُوَ الَّذِي أَرَادَهُ الْمُؤَلِّفُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ، وَسَاقَ فِيهِ الْآيَاتِ الْمُتَعَدِّدَةَ، وَالْأَحَادِيثَ الْكَثِيرَةَ، وَيَأْتِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بَيَانُهُ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

As for the struggle against the warring disbeliever: it is what the author, may Allah have mercy on him, intended in this chapter, and he brought forth in it the various verses and many hadiths, and its explanation will come, if Allah the Exalted wills, and Allah knows best.

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ﴾ [التَّوْبَةِ: ٣٦]. الشَّرْحُ:

Allah the Exalted said: 'And fight against the polytheists collectively as they fight against you collectively. And know that Allah is with the righteous.'

سَبَقَ الْكَلَامُ عَلَى أَنَّ الْجِهَادَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَنْوَاعٍ، وَتَكَلَّمْنَا بِمَا يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْمُؤَلِّفُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ الْآيَاتِ الْوَارِدَةَ فِي هَذَا، فَقَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ

The discussion has preceded that jihad is of three types, and we have spoken about that with what Allah the Exalted has facilitated.

قَوْلُهُ: ﴿كَافَّةً﴾: يَعْنِي عَامَّةً، كُلُّ الْكُفَّارِ يَجِبُ أَنْ تُقَاتِلَهُمْ، وَأَنْ نُجَاهِدَهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يَقُولُوا: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ»، وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ، وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ، وَيَصُومُوا رَمَضَانَ، وَيَحُجُّوا الْبَيْتَ، أَوْ يُسَلِّمُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ

His saying: 'collectively': meaning generally, all disbelievers you must fight, and we must struggle against them until they say: 'There is no god but Allah', and establish prayer, and give alms, and fast Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the House, or hand over the tribute willingly while they are submissive.

فَإِنْ سَلَّمُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ، كَفَفْنَا عَنْ قِتَالِهِمْ،

If they hand over the tribute willingly while they are submissive, we refrain from fighting them.

لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: ﴿قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ﴾ [التَّوْبَةِ: ٢٩].

Because of the words of Allah, may He be blessed and exalted: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and do not forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden and do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled." So it is obligatory for Muslims to fight the disbelievers, every disbeliever from any country, until he embraces Islam or gives the jizyah willingly. ⟶ (sentence continues on next page)

Vocabulary · المفردات (29 verbs · 40 nouns)

• كَانَ — to be
• مَنَّ — to bestow
• تَابَ — to repent
• يَئِسَ — to despair
• جَاهَدَ — to struggle
• حَذَّرَ — to warn
• أَرَادَ — to want
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• سَاقَ — to present
• أَتَى — to come
• شَاءَ — to will
• عَلِمَ — to know
• قَالَ — to say
• قَاتَلَ — to fight
• سَبَقَ — to precede
• تَكَلَّمَ — to speak
• يَسَّرَ — to facilitate
• وَرَدَ — to arrive
• وَجَبَ — to be necessary
• أَقَامَ — to establish
• آتَى — to give
• صَامَ — to fast
• حَجَّ — to perform pilgrimage
• سَلَّمَ — to hand over
• كَفَّ — to refrain
• آمَنَ — to believe
• حَرَّمَ — to forbid
• دَانَ — to profess
• أَعْطَى — to give
• بَاب — chapter
• وُجُوب — obligation
• جِهَاد — struggle
• فَضْل — virtue
• غُدْوَة — morning journey
• رَوْحَة — evening journey
• إِيمَان — faith
• تَوْبَة — repentance
• نِفَاق — hypocrisy
• مُنَافِق — hypocrite
• عِلْم — knowledge
• بَيَان — clarification
• نُصْح — advice
• إِرْشَاد — guidance
• عُقُوبَة — punishment
• كَافِر — disbeliever
• مُحَارِب — warrior
• مُؤَلِّف — author
• آيَة — verse
• مُتَعَدِّد — multiple
• حَدِيث — hadith
• كَثِير — many
• شَرْح — explanation
• كَلَام — speech
• نَوْع — type
• وَارِد — mentioned
• عَامّ — general
• كُفَّار — disbelievers
• صَلَاة — prayer
• زَكَاة — alms
• رَمَضَان — Ramadan
• بَيْت — house
• جِزْيَة — tribute
• يَد — hand
• صَاغِر — submissive
• قِتَال — fighting
• يَوْم — day
• آخِر — last
• حَقّ — truth
• كِتَاب — book