Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 3 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 877

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

بَابُ فَضْلِ الصَّوْمِ وَغَيْرِهِ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأُوَلِ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ.

Chapter on the virtues of fasting and other acts of worship during the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah.

وَلْيُعْلَمْ أَنَّهَا لَا تُصَامُ قَبْلَ الْقَضَاءِ، يَعْنِي لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ يَوْمٌ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، وَصَامَ السِّنَّ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحْصُلُ عَلَى أَجْرِ ذَلِكَ، لِأَنَّ الرَّسُولَ ﷺ قَالَ: مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَمَنْ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمٌ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يَكُنْ صَامَهُ، بَلْ صَامَ أَيَّامًا مِنْهُ، مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمٌ فَقَدْ صَامَ تِسْعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ، وَمَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَانِ فَقَدْ صَامَ ثَمَانِيَةً وَعِشْرِينَ، مَا صَامَ الشَّهْرَ، وَالرَّسُولُ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ فَإِذَا صُمْتَ رَمَضَانَ وَصُمْتَ سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَهُ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ، فَكَأَنَّهَا صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ.

Be aware that voluntary fasts should not be performed before making up missed days of Ramadan. If a person owes a single day of Ramadan and fasts a voluntary day, they do not receive the reward for it. The Messenger, peace be upon him, stated that whoever owes a day of Ramadan has not truly fasted the month; they have only fasted twenty-nine days, or twenty-eight if they owe two. Since the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, 'Whoever fasts Ramadan,' it follows that if you complete the month of Ramadan and then fast six days of Shawwal, it is as if you have fasted the entire year.

وَسَوَاءٌ صُمْتَهَا مِنْ ثَانِي يَوْمِ الْعِيدِ وَأَتْبَعْتَ بَعْضَهَا بَعْضًا، أَوْ صُمْتَهَا بَعْدَ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ، أَوْ صُمْتَهَا مُتَتَابِعَةً، أَوْ صُمْتَهَا مُتَفَرِّقَةً، الْأَمْرُ فِي هَذَا وَاسِعٌ، لَكِنْ لَوْ أَنَّكَ تَسَاهَلْتَ حَتَّى خَرَجَ شَوَّالٌ وَصُمْتَ، فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَكُونُ بِهَذَا الْأَجْرِ اللَّهُمَّ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ مَعْذُورًا، مِثْلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَرِيضًا، أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ نُفَسَاءُ أَوْ مُسَافِرًا، وَلَمْ يَصُمْ فِي شَوَّالٍ وَقَضَاهَا فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، فَلَا بَأْسَ.

You may fast these six days starting from the second day of Eid, whether consecutively or separately, and whether you begin immediately or wait a few days. There is flexibility in this matter. However, if you are negligent and let the month of Shawwal pass by, you will not receive this specific reward. The exception is for those with a valid excuse, such as illness, postpartum recovery, or travel; if such a person misses the fasts in Shawwal and makes them up in Dhu al-Qi'dah, there is no harm.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (10 verbs · 24 nouns)

• عَلِمَ — to know
• صَامَ — to fast
• كَانَ — to be
• بَابٌ — chapter
• فَضْلٌ — virtue
• صَوْمٌ — fasting