Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 1 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 792

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

بَابٌ فِي الِاقْتِصَادِ فِي الطَّاعَةِ

(from previous page) ⟵ Al-Bukhari extracted it in the Book of Oaths and Vows, Chapter on Fulfilling Vows, numbers (6692, 6693, 6694), and Muslim in the Book of Vows, Chapter on the Prohibition of Vows and that they do not avert anything, numbers (1639, 1640), from the hadith of Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, a chapter on moderation in obedience.

وَدَلِيلُ هَذَا قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: (إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى)، وَهَذَا نَوَى الْيَمِينَ فَلَهُ مَا نَوَى.

The evidence for this is the Prophet's statement: "Actions are judged by intentions, and each person shall have what they intended." Since this person intended an oath, he receives what he intended.

أَمَّا الْقِسْمُ الثَّانِي: فَهُوَ الْمُحَرَّمُ، فَالْمُحَرَّمُ إِذَا نَذَرَهُ الْإِنْسَانُ يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ الْوَفَاءُ بِهِ، مِثْلُ أَنْ يَقُولَ: لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ نَذْرٌ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ الْخَمْرَ، فَهَذَا نَذْرٌ مُحَرَّمٌ، فَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ الْخَمْرَ، وَلَكِنْ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ عَلَى الْقَوْلِ الرَّاجِحِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ بَعْضُ الْعُلَمَاءِ قَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ نَذْرٌ غَيْرُ مُنْعَقِدٍ، وَلَكِنَّ الصَّحِيحَ أَنَّهُ نَذْرٌ مُنْعَقِدٌ، وَلَكِنْ لَا يَجُوزُ الْوَفَاءُ بِهِ، وَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ الْمَرْأَةُ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهَا نَذْرٌ أَنْ تَصُومَ أَيَّامَ حَيْضِهَا؛ فَهَذَا حَرَامٌ، وَلَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ تَصُومَ أَيَّامَ الْحَيْضِ، وَعَلَيْهَا كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ.

The second category is the prohibited vow. If a person vows to commit a forbidden act, fulfilling it is prohibited. For instance, if someone says, "I vow to Allah to drink alcohol," this is a forbidden vow; he must not drink it. According to the most sound opinion, he must offer an expiation for an oath. While some scholars argue that no penalty applies because the vow is void, the correct view is that the vow is binding, but its fulfillment is impermissible. Similarly, if a woman vows to fast during her menstrual period, this is forbidden; she must not fast, and she is required to offer an expiation for an oath.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (15 verbs · 34 nouns)

• نَوَى — to intend
• حَرُمَ — to be forbidden
• قَالَ — to say
• بَابٌ — chapter
• اِقْتِصَادٌ — moderation
• طَاعَةٌ — obedience